Transport phenomena (CH 305) course contents Fluid mechanics (isothermal systems) Eqs.

. Of change for isothermal systems (Ch-3): continuity, eq. of motion, eq. of mech. Energy, eq. of angular momentum, substantial derivative, vorticity. Newtonian case (Navier-Stokes eq.). Flow problems/classes: creeping flow, Inviscid flow, Hagen-Poiseuille flow. Applictions of Shell balances & velocity distributions in laminar flow: axial Flow through annulus (Newtonian and non-newtonian), flow of adjacent immiscible liquids, flow through a slit (math. approx.), interrelationship between Slit and Annulus formulas, lubricating flows and lubrication approx. Cone and plate viscometer (2B-11) (Multidimensional flows, space and time: velocity distribution with more than 1 independent variable): : application examples for (i) combination of variables (ii) separation of variables (iii) sinusoidal response method (iv) Stream-function (creeping flow near a sphere) and creeping flow around a sphere (stokes law) ex. 4.2.1 (v) Inviscid flow using velocity potential (CauchyRiemann complex eqs.). Flow near solid surfaces (by bound. Layer theory). Laminar flow along a flat place (approx. soln.). Non-newtonian fluids (const. eqs. For power-law, bingham, Carreau. Application: axial flow of power-law fluid in a circular tube

Energy transport and heat transfer Eqs. Of change for Non-isothermal systems: special forms of heat eq. (for internal energy and for temp.T). Boussinesq eq. for forced and free convection. Use of equations of change to solve steady-state (SS) problems (simult. Fluid-Flow + Heat Trans.). Eqs. Of change for pure fluids in terms of fluxes. Application: tangential flow in an annulus with heat generation. Energy generalized balance and heat equation. Conductivites and heat capacities, T & P dependence of conductivity. Convection and work associated (molecular motions). Energy fluxes (table 9.8 BSL). Applications of Shell balances and Temp. distrib. In solids (2D,3D spatial and time-space dependent) & Laminar flow (1D, 2D, space-time): shell balances, B.Cs., Heat conduction with viscous source (tangential annular flow with heat gener.), forced convection ($10.8 BSL). Temp. distribution for multi-dimensional problems (Laminar): I. Only heat transfer: unsteady conduction-Applications of (i) combination of variables (ii) separation of variables (iii) sinusoidal response method (iv) laplace transform.

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Heat transfer + Fluid Flow: boundary layer theory for Non-isothermal flow. Laminar flow heating- Von Karman momentum & energy balances, Von Karman integral method.

Temp. distrib. in turbulent flow: Time-smoothed eqs for incompressible non-isothermal flow, time-smoothed temperature profile near a wall. Applic. Approx. relation for wall heat flux for turbulent flow in a tube. Temp. distrib. for flow in tube (non-approx. asymptotic solution fo large z, for any range of Pr number) equivalent of laminar treatment ($10.8). Interface transport in non-isothermal systems: definition of heat transfer coeffs. In various phases (% typical values), analytical calculation of HT Coeffs. (forced convection) through tubes and slits (see tables 14.2.1, 14.2.2 BSL). laminar flow forced convection. $14.7. Heat transfer for condensation of pure vapors on solid surfaces. Summary of results of sections $14.4-$14.6.

Mass transport Eqs. Of change: continuity for multicomponent mixture-reduction to various cases, species continuity, constant mass density case, constant molar density case, binary systems with constant DAB, cDAB with zero velocity. Example of situation with Simultaneous diffusion, convection and chemical reaction. $19.2 Summary of multicomponent equations of change. Tables 19.2.2 (combined molecular and convective fluxes for multicomponent mixtures) , and, 19.2.3 (eqs. Of change for multicomponent mixture in terms of molec. Fluxes). Application ex. 19.4.1 BSL). Table 19.4.2 for reading/reference (eqs. Of energy for multicomponent systems). Simultaneous heat and mass transport (ex. 19.4.2.- conc. Profile in a tubular reactor.Mass transfer analogy to the Graetz problem 12D.4) Mass transfer/molecular transport by convection, molar fluxes (summary/reading). Ficks law (binary diffusion), diffusion in binary liquids and gases at low density. Multicomponent diffusion in gases at low density. Concentration distributions in solids (multidimensional in space and time) and in laminar flow: shell balances, BCs. Examples: diffusion into falling liquid film (gas absorption), gas-absorption with chemical reaction Concentration distributions for multidimensional problems: time dependent diffusion, Arnold problem (unsteady evaporation of a liq.), gas absorption with rapid reaction. Forced-convection from a flat plate at high mass-transf rates (ex. 20.2.2). Steady-state bound. Layer theory for diffusion with flow around objects (case solution for zero velocity gradient at mass transf. surface).