PHYS2627 Introductory Quantum Physics 2007/08 Homework 1 Assignment 1

(Due date: 5 Feb 2008, 11:40 am) Due date:18-2-2013 1. Consider a planet, with radius Rp , revolving about the Sun in a circular orbit of radius r. Suppose we can regard the planet as a blackbody. (a) Show that the surface temperature Tp of the planet is given from the relation
4 Tp =

PS 16r 2

where PS is the radiant power output of the Sun. (b) Assuming the Sun is a blackbody with surface temperature TS = 5800 K, evaluate the temperature numerically for the Earth. (Useful data: Radius of the Sun = 6.96 108 m, distance of the Earth to the Sun = 1.50 1011 m) 2. In a Compton collision with an electron, a photon of violet light ( = 4000 where A 10 1 = 10 A m) is backscattered through an angle of 180 . (a) How much energy is transferred to the electron in this collision? (b) Compare your result with the energy this electron would acquire in a photoelectric process with the same photon. (c) Could violet light eject photons from a metal by Compton scattering? Explain. 3. As a single crystal is rotated in an X-ray spectrometer, many parallel planes of atoms besides AA and BB produce strong diracted beams. Two such planes are shown below.

A d0 B

d0

B d1 d2

(a) Determine geometrically the interplanar spacings d1 and d2 in terms of d0 .

(b) Find the angles (with respect to the surface plane AA ) of the n = 1, 2, and 3 intensity maxima from planes with spacing d1 . Let = 0.626 and d0 = 4.00 . A A 4. An air rie is used to shoot 1.0-g particles at 100 m/s through a hole of diameter 2.0 mm. How far from the rie must an observer be to see the beam spread by 1.0 cm because of the uncertainty principle? Compare this answer with the diameter of the Universe (2 1026 m). 5. Electrons are accelerated through a 20 V potential dierence, producing a monoenergetic beam. This is directed at a double slit apparatus of 0.010 mm slit separation. A bank of electron detectors is 10 m beyond the double slit. With slit 1 alone open, 100 electrons per second are detected at all detectors. With slit 2 alone open, 900 electrons per second are detected at all detectors. Now both slits are open. (a) The rst minimum in the electron count occurs at detector X. How far is it from the center of the interference pattern? (b) How many electrons per second will be detected at the center detector? (c) How many electrons per second will be detected at detector X? 6. A gamma-ray photon changes into a proton-antiproton pair. Ignoring momentum conservation, what must have been the wavelength of the photon (a) if the pair is stationary after creation, and (b) if each moves o at 0.6 c, perpendicular to the motion of the photon? (c) Assume that these interactions occur as the photon encounters a lead plate and that a lead nucleus participates in momentum ocnservation. In each case, what fraction of the photons energy must be absorbed by a lead nucleus?