Chapter 6 --- Part 2

Impractical to test _________________________ of stresses. Failure theories are needed to __________________ on the basis of material performance on the ____________________, e.g. __________________.

Maximum-Normal-Stress Theory --- correlates well with ______________

Failure will occur whenever the greatest tensile stress > ________________ or whenever the largest compressive stress > _________________.

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Maximum-Shear-Stress Theory
Correlates o.k. with yielding of ductile materials Coulomb Tresca

Failure occurs whenever the maximum shear stress > __________________

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Maximum-Distortion-Energy Theory
(Maximum Octahedral Shear Stress Theory) Failure occurs if e , equivalent stress, > yt

e =

For the case of biaxial stress

e =
In terms of x, y and xy

e =

Only if x, xy

e =
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Modified Mohr Theory --- for brittle material

S uc >> Sut

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Sample Problem 6.3

Find: Safety factor a). distortion energy theory, b). shear stress theory, c). normal stress theory.

1=58 ksi b 66 ksi a 100 ksi c

Figure 6.14 Graphical solution to Sample Problem 6.3

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Problem 6.13
Known: A machine frame made of steel having known Sy and Ssy is loaded in a test fixture. The principal stresses at two critical points on the surface are known.

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Problem 6.25
A straight round shaft is subjected to a torque of 5000 lb.in. Determine the required diameter, using steel with a tensile yield strength of 60 ksi and a safety factor of 2 based on initial yielding according to (a). maximum-normal-stress theory, (b). maximum-shearstress theory, (c). maximum-distortion-energy theory.

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Problem 6.27
A round steel bar having Sy = 800 MPa is subjected to loads producing calculated stresses of P/A = 70MPa, Tc/J = 200 MPa, Mc/I = 300 MPa, and 4V/3A = 170MPa. (a) Sketch Mohr circles showing the relative locations of maximum normal stress and maximum shear stress. (b) Determine the safety factor with respect to initial yielding according to the maximumshear-stress theory and according to the maximum-distortion-energy theory.

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Reliability

Fifure 6.18 Normal distribution curves baving a common and various .

= mean =
= s tan dard deviation =

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Interference Theory of Reliability Predictive

Margin of safety, z = x - y
z=x - y
2 z = x2 + y

Sample Problem 6.4 Application of Interference Theory of Reliability (Page 268)

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Problem 6.33 Refer to the conditions specified in Problem 6.32 (on page 273). Assume that the failure rate calculated in Problem 6.32 is unacceptable. (a) To what value would the standard deviation of shaft strength have to be reduced in order to give a failure rate of 5%, with no other changes? (b) To what value would nominal shaft strength have to be increased in order to give a failure rate of only 5%, with no other changes?

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