Flow Concepts

Paul Murphy Siemens Industry Inc.

For internal use only / Siemens AG 2009. All Rights Reserved.

Welcome
An expert is a man from an other town S. Clemens

Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010

Flow Concepts
A few things to consider in no particular order These are issues common to all flow meter technologies All flow meters are application sensitive- no one technology works best everywhere- have an open mind

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Flow meter sizing

Maximum flow Rate Minimum flow rate Normal flow rate Pipe size Be realistic, many systems are OVERSIZED Use the sizing programs when you can Understand the performance trade off of right size vs. convenient size

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Flow Profile
What is flow profile? What affects this? How does it affect measurement?
1. Linearity 2. Repeatability 3. Accuracy

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Flow Profile

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Reynolds number
What does it mean Why it is not usually important in water applications Turbulent vs. laminar flow

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 Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010 Flow seminar This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens. Page 8

Flow Calculator

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Whats in the fluid?

Is the fluid clean ? Suspended solids Aeration its causes and effects How this affects flow measurement

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The effects of aeration

May be measured as liquid, will affect measurement Velocity based systems -mag, ultrasonic, turbines etc. will generally read high Mass meters may read correctly but volume may be erroneous Processes may be affected- pumps, cooling etc.

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Changes in the fluid

How stable is the process Are there changes in viscosity, temperature or density Does pressure change?

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How stable is pressure?

Pressure transients and problems that they cause ARVs, PRVs and similar devices Too much pressure?

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Large line considerations

Access to pipe- often limited Condition of pipe inside and out Do you really know the o.d. and w/t? How round is the pipe? Is there a way to verify measured flow? High or low flow velocity? Full pipes only!

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108 Bi-directional flow

Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010 Flow seminar This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens. Page 15

How does flow velocity affect accuracy and performance?

Changes in flow profile Operating outside the design range for the meter

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Multi-phase Flow
What is multi-phase flow? Oil and Water Partially Full Pipe Excessive aeration

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Some meters require conductive fluids

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Valves
Control valve issues Block valves Valve designs are different

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Whats wrong with this?

Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010 Flow seminar This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens. Page 20

 Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010 Flow seminar This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens. Page 21

Whats in the pipe?

Pipe liners-cement lined, concrete cylinder pipe Scale and corrosion Sediment

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 Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010 This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens. Page 23

Vertical Flow Problems- downward flow

Phase discontinuity and what it means How to deal with this type application

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Turn down
Min to max flow rate at specified accuracy?

Span adjustment capability of a meter?

Different things to different technologies and different people!

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Pipe Info
Why do you need to know about pipe? What you need to know1. Some technologies require more info 2. o.d., i.d., wall thickness, pipe material 3. Liner material and thickness 4. General characteristics of the pipe-Is it really round, is it an old riveted pipe etc.?

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Large riveted pipes 1920s vintage

Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010 Flow seminar This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens. Page 27

Calibration
How was it calibrated? When was it calibrated? Calibration stories-wwtp, brewery, crude oil, orifice platesbackwards, wrong size Can you calibrate a meter in service?

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Flow Lab

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Prover

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The Real World

What are your real needs? Are you looking for accuracy, repeatability, reliability.. What are you willing to do to achieve these goals? Real accuracy always has a price!

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The Real World- continued

What are your maintenance and support capabilities? How critical is the application? What is plan B?

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Questions, comments..

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Seite 34

Sep-2009

For internal use only / Siemens AG 2009. All Rights Reserved. Author Industry Sector

Thank you for your attention!

Paul Murphy Flow Specialist 4401 El Camino Real Suite K Atascadero, CA 93422 Phone: 805-461-1707 Cell: 805-286-2616 E-Mail: murphy.paul@siemens.com

For internal use only / Siemens AG 2009. All Rights Reserved.