Advance Placement World History Ch. 32 End of the Cold War 1. The "Brazilian Solution" refers to a.

the rapid population expansion in Latin American nations. b. Amerindian genocide. c. the combination of dictatorship, repression, and government promotion of industrialization. d. a chemical spray used to destroy the rain forest. e. the development of a defense against nuclear attack. 2. Salvador Allende sought to implement socialist reforms in what country? a. Chile b. Brazil c. Argentina d. Costa Rica e. Belize 3. The first Latin American nation to experience conservative reaction to the Cuban revolution was: a. Argentina. b. Peru. c. Brazil. d. Venezuela e. Uruguay 4. The "Dirty War" was fought in a. Chile. b. Brazil. c. Nicaragua. d. Panama. e. Argentina. 5. "Dirty war" was so deemed because it was characterized by a. leftist propaganda during the Cold War b. the use of long-lasting radioactive weapons. c. tremendous deforestation and stripping of natural resources. d. torture and executions by the military. e. a peasant movement against the wealthy landowners. 7. Which United States president worked to reestablish Panamanian sovereignty in the Canal Zone? a. Ronald Reagan b. Jimmy Carter c. Gerald Ford d. George Bush e. Bill Clinton 10. The "Contras" were a. Nicaraguan revolutionaries who supported the Sandinistas. b. the group of United States congressional opponents to the Reagan policy in South America. c. counterrevolutionaries financed by the Reagan administration to oppose the Sandinistas. d. El Salvadoran revolutionaries. e. Cuban terrorists organized by Castro to avenge the Bay of Pigs. 11. Which events contributed to the end of the Contra-led faction in El Salvador? a. The murder of Father Oscar Romero b. The U.S. Congress refusing to support Reagan's guns-for-Contras policy c. The collapse of the Soviet Union d. Lack of popular support in the country e. All of these 12. Neo-liberalism was the policy of a. free democratic reform elections in Latin America after deposing the dictatorships such as Pinochet's. b. an emphasis on central control of the economy by the state. c. deregulation of the oil industry.

Advance Placement World History Ch. 32 End of the Cold War d. shifting the emphasis of the economy in Latin America to cash crops. e. reducing the role of the state in the economy. 13. Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini led an Iranian revolt in 1979 against the former shah and then implemented a. a communist regime. b. a pro-American (but anti-Carter) policy. c. a nationalization of the oil industry, gaining the enmity of the UAE and OPEC participants. d. persecution of all non-Shi'ites. e. a parliamentary republic with strict control by religious officials. 14. The Shah of Iran was supported strongly by: a. the religious factions of Iran. b. secular reformers and industrialists. c. The United States. d. Amnesty International e. None of these 15. One of the reasons for the outbreak of the Iran-Iraq war was a. Saddam Husain's fear that the revolutionary government of Iran would incite Iraq's Shi'ites to rebellion. b. US pressure on Iraq to invade Iran. c. Khomeini's desire to gain control of Iraq's oil industry. d. regional instability as a result of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. e. Saddam Husain's desire to spark an Islamic revolution in Iran. 16. In order to finance arms to Iran to secure the release of American hostages, President Ronald Reagan illicitly sold arms and financed the war against: a. Contras. b. Sandinistas. c. Juan Peron. d. Afghan rebels e. Salvadore Allende 17. Which country was engaged in an "unwinnable war" with Afghanistan in the 1980s? a. The United States b. Iran c. France d. Iraq e. The USSR 18. Which of the following is not one of the "Asian Tigers"? a. Cambodia b. South Korea c. Hong Kong d. Singapore e. Taiwan 19. The keiretsu were a. a consortium of business networks in telecommunications. b. an alliance of corporations and banks that ruled the Japanese economy. c. a neo-liberal business conglomerate in the Japanese auto industry. d. Japanese "new money" men. e. philosopher-industrialists. 20. Crucial to the success of the Japanese economy in the 1970s and 1980s was: a. participation in the European Common Market. b. speculation in American real estate. c. tariffs and import regulations restricting foreign competition. d. breaking up the zaibatsu e. achieving trade relations with China.

Advance Placement World History Ch. 32 End of the Cold War 21. Under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping, China a. experienced economic growth because of freeing industries from the state-run system. b. permitted foreign investment for the first time since 1949. c. endorsed the first Clean Air and Clean Water Act in the world. d. experienced a backward slide into doctrinaire communism. e. Both A and B 22. As a response to the protests that culminated in Tiananmen Square, the Chinese government a. asked the United Nations to bring in peacekeepers. b. used force. c. accepted reforms. d. disbanded the Communist government and allowed free elections. e. attacked Japanese naval bases in Samoa. 23. Which is most true of the communist states by the 1980s and 1990s? a. They were uniform in character. b. They were subservient to the USSR. c. They had never engaged in an armed conflict with another communist state. d. Deep divisions had appeared among communist states. e. The collapse of the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact states was widely foreseen and predicted in the 1980s. 24. The policy of restructuring the Soviet Union as authorized by Mikhail Gorbachev was a. perestroika. b. glasnost. c. samizdat. d. kulak. e. tanizat. 25. Solidarity was a. a labor union of Polish shipyard workers. b. supported by the Catholic Church in Poland. c. a union that caused the Polish government to impose martial law. d. a potent force with nationally recognized leaders. e. all of these. 26. The playwright who was elected president of Czechoslovakia in 1990 was a. Nicolae Ceausescu. b. Vaclav Havel. c. Lech Walesa. d. Petr Andropov. e. Andrei Sakharov. 27. East Germany was united with West Germany in a. 1975. b. 1980. c. 1985. d. 1990. e. 1998. 28. What powerful force ultimately caused the USSR to dissolve? a. Racism b. Mercantilism c. Nationalism d. Capitalism e. Pacifism 29. The result of the hard-line Communist coup against Gorbachev was that a. Boris Yeltsin led popular resistance to the coup. b. disgust with communism boiled over. c. the Russian Republic effectively took the place of the USSR. d. the coup failed. e. All of these

Advance Placement World History Ch. 32 End of the Cold War 30. The Soviet Union was dissolved in a. 1991. b. 1985. c. 1979. d. 1994. e. None of these 31. After the fall of the Soviet Union, nationalism and diversity undermined the Balkan nation of a. Czechoslovakia b. Greece c. Yugoslavia d. Bulgaria e. Estonia. 32. Ethnic cleansing in the Balkans occurred between a. Christian Serbians and Muslims. b. Serbians and Ottomans. c. Greeks and Serbians. d. Russians and Croatians. e. Albanians and Armenians. 33. NATO forces were dispatched to the Balkans and used air strikes against Serbia to stop ethnic cleansing in: a. Albania. b. Montenegro c. Bosnia-Herzogovinia d. Kosovo e. Croatia 34. In 1798, Thomas Malthus argued that a. a healthy economy would reduce the population. b. a poor economy would drive people back to the land. c. population growth would promote economic gains. d. population growth would outstrip food production. e. maximum population growth is part of God's beneficial design. 35. Societies that have made the "demographic transition" have a. decreased life expectancy. b. increased mortality rates. c. lowered fertility rates. d. had rapid population growth. e. embraced euthanasia. 36. Industrialized nations questioning the rapid population growth in third world countries did so because of: a. racism b. religious outlooks. c. fear of greater power through greater population. d. fear of strain on global resources. e. none of these 37. World population between 1950-1985 a. increased by 25% b. increased by 50% c. increased by 100% d. increased 400% e. decreased by 20% 38. In 1994, genocide was perpetrated by a. Rwandan Hutus against Tutsis. b. South African minorities against blacks. c. Egyptian Christians against Muslims. d. Sudanese Arabs against the people of Darfur. e. Muslim Nigerians against Christians. 39. Twenty-eight million of the 40 million people infected with the HIV virus live in a. Latin America. b. the United States and Canada. c. Asia. d. Africa. e. Europe.

Advance Placement World History Ch. 32 End of the Cold War 40. Which of the following is generally not associated with the low birthrates of older industrial nations? a. Modern consumer culture b. Higher levels of women's employment and education c. Access to contraception and abortion d. Environmental pollution e. Women deferring marriage and children until they have established careers 41. What two nations account for approximately one-third of the world's population? a. The United States and Mexico b. The United States and Canada c. Egypt and Syria d. Nigeria and Kenya e. India and China 42. All of the following factors have contributed to the declining life expectancy in eastern Europe except a. unemployment. b. low incomes. c. famine. d. food shortages. e. decreased social services. 43. Increases in global immigration are due in large part to a. growing populations in developing nations. b. a 3rd industrial revolution in Asia and Europe. c. development of Third World nations. d. nations providing "guest" visas for those wishing to work for five to seven years. e. all of these. 44. Despite the unprecedented global economic growth since 1945, the majority of the world's population a. is disinterested in consumer goods. b. remains in poverty. c. views education as only a "necessary evil." d. owns some shares of stock. e. All of these 45. Internal migration in developing nations resulted in a. migrants enjoying a better life in the cities. b. the destruction of the nuclear family. c. the return of the migrants to their former homes. d. migrants being generally less economically well-off. e. migrants facing "class warfare" when they took jobs from city dwellers. 46. Although immigrants from developing nations bring many benefits to a new country, they a. normally returned home after only a few months. b. vote for conservative candidates in general elections. c. were expelled from most European countries in the late 1990s. d. face anti-immigrant discrimination and resentment. e. None of these 47. Anti-immigrant feelings in industrialized nations are mostly due to a. labor shortages in the host country. b. illegal activity among immigrant groups. c. an ethnically derived sense of nationality. d. expanding economic opportunity. e. all of these 48. Which of the following is not true about technological innovation after WW II? a. It gave rise to an economic expansion and increased productivity. b. It changed the way people

Advance Placement World History Ch. 32 End of the Cold War c. It caused a decline in world agricultural production due to the focus on technology, leading to widespread starvation. d. It intensified environmental destruction. e. It increased the power of industrialized nations relative to the developing world. 49. As Western economies recovered from WW II, most a. new technologies increased labor requirements. b. consumers sought new goods to purchase. c. people wanted to stop government spending on the production of weapons. d. industries resisted applying new technologies. e. governments insisted on "balanced budget" amendments. 50. The most influential technology of the last three decades has been a. the computer. b. nuclear energy. c. industrial robots. d. jet airplane transportation. e. the combustion engine.