HVAC

Air Handling & Air Conditioning

Agenda
Introduction to Ventilation
Single and Double Flow Ventilation Systems Constant and Variable Air Volume Systems Air Handling Units

Energy Savings Opportunities

Energy Recovery Devices Air Flow Rate Variation

Case Study

Schneider Electric - Division - Name Date

Ventilation
Single flow ventilation
One flow (either extraction or blowing) is forced mechanically with fans into the building

Double flow ventilation

Extracted and make up air are forced mechanically with fans

Extracted Air Extracted Air Make up Air

Make up Air

Make up Air

Schneider Electric - Division - Name Date

Ventilation
Constant Air Volume Systems (CAV)
(Example of a single flow system)

Variable Air Volume Systems (VAV)

(Example of double flow system)

Extracted Air
Make up Air

Make up Air

Recycled air

Supplied air

Designed for the most critical configuration, ie High fan consumption all the time

A way to reduce consumption by adjusting the flow rate to occupancies and needs

Schneider Electric - Division - Name Date

Air Handling Units : Main Components

Air Handling Unit (Example for a single flow ventilation system)
1 : Mixing box 2 : Filter 3 : Hot Heat exchanger (Pre-Heating) 4 : Cool Heat exchanger 5 : Hot Heat exchanger (Re-Heating) 6 : Humidifier 7 : Fan
Recycled Air

Make up Air

Supply air blown into the building

Schneider Electric - Division - Name Date

Air Handling Units : Main Components

Air Handling Unit (Example for a double flow ventilation system)
1 : Economizing Mixing box 1
Air extracted from the building Supply air blown into the building

Extracted Air Recycled Air Make up Air

Schneider Electric - Division - Name Date

Agenda
Introduction to Ventilation
Single and Double Flow Ventilation Systems Constant and Variable Air Volume Systems Air Handling Units

Energy Savings Opportunities

Energy Recovery Devices Air Flow Rate Variation

Case Study

Schneider Electric - Division - Name Date

Energy Recovery
Principle
Without Energy Recovery With Energy Recovery

Schneider Electric - Division - Name Date

Energy Recovery
Different types of system
2 Heat Exchanger Systems
Extracted Air
Air extracted from the building

Supply air blown into the building

Make up Air

Tube in Shell Exchanger

Air extracted from the building Supply air blown into the building

Make up Air Extracted Air

Schneider Electric - Division - Name Date

Energy Recovery
Different types of system
Condensation Evaporation

Heat Pipes
Make up Air
Vapor

Liquid Air extracted from the building

Air extracted

Rotary Exchanger

from the building

Purge Zone Motor Belt

Schneider Electric - Division - Name Date

Purge Zone

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Energy Recovery
Different types of system
Recycle extracted air
Extracted Air

Motorized dampers

Make up Air

Schneider Electric - Division - Name Date

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Air Flow Rate Variation

Principle :
The air flow rate varies between the minimum required for health of occupants and the maximum that can be deliver in order to reach the most critical conditions

=> Minimum Fan and Heating/Cooling Consumption Interest compared to a constant flow rate :
Air transportation in Constant flow system often counts for 20 to 40% of the installation operating costs. Appropriated for the use of Free Energies :

=> In Summer : Use fresh outside air for free-cooling How :

Dampers / Valves Bypass Pre-rotating blades / Variable Pitch VSD
Schneider Electric - Division - Name Date 12

Air Flow Rate Variation and Regulation

Example :
Extracted Air P
Difference in Pressure Controller

Motorized dampers

Make up Air

Settings Hot valves opening Minimum Make-up air flow rate

Make up Air settings

Ambient temperature
Schneider Electric - Division - Name Date 13

Case Study : One Schneider plant in Poland

Double Flow Ventilation System on one workshop Heating perform with : Hot water exchangers in the AHU Radiators Running all the time 49 weeks/year Electricity price : 0.49 PLN/kWh ( 1 = 4.45 PLN)
Air Supply side :

Fan motor : P=22 kW, =89 During the week : 2*8 full occupation 1*8, 70% occupation rate Week-end : no activity VSD could be implemented

Schneider Electric - Division - Name Date

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