2013

Vipin K. Bansal
[Type the company name]
3/18/2013
THE KEY TO SUCCESS IN KBC PART 15
ENGLISH GRAMMAR, GROCERIES, GOLD etc.
Table of Contents

Acknowledgement .................................................................................................................................... 3
Preface ........................................................................................................................................................ 4
Grocery Items ............................................................................................................................................... 5
Vegetables ................................................................................................................................................ 5
Spices ........................................................................................................................................................ 5
Dry Fruits .................................................................................................................................................. 6
Fruits ......................................................................................................................................................... 6
Provisions ................................................................................................................................................. 7
English Grammar .......................................................................................................................................... 7
Homophones ............................................................................................................................................ 7
Synonyms ................................................................................................................................................. 8
Antonyms ................................................................................................................................................. 8
One Word Substitute ................................................................................................................................ 9
Idioms and Phrases ................................................................................................................................. 10
Clipped or Shortened Words .................................................................................................................. 11
Typical words in Pronunciation .............................................................................................................. 12
Domestic Items ........................................................................................................................................... 12
Stock Market and Indices ........................................................................................................................... 13
BSE/NSE .................................................................................................................................................. 13
Sensex 30 Listed Companies................................................................................................................... 13
STT, Dividend, Margin Money ................................................................................................................ 14
Major Up and Downs of Sensex ............................................................................................................. 15
Fall of Sensex was recorded on a single day .......................................................................................... 15
Indices of other Countries ...................................................................................................................... 16
G o l d .......................................................................................................................................................... 16
Top 20 Gold Reserve Countries .............................................................................................................. 17
History of Gold Prices ............................................................................................................................. 17
Branded Jewellery in Indian Market ....................................................................................................... 17
Parts of the Building and House ................................................................................................................. 18
Love Icons of History .................................................................................................................................. 18
Mathematical Functions ........................................................................................................................ 20
Formula for divisible by any digit .................................................................................................. 20
Conversions ............................................................................................................................................ 21
(*) Paper Sizes ........................................................................................................................................ 22
Measurement of all Paper sizes ...................................................................................................... 22
Number Count in advance language .............................................................................................. 23
Metrication in India ................................................................................................................................ 23
Questions Related to this Chapter ....................................................................................................... 24
Scoring System ........................................................................................................................................ 26
Bibliography: ........................................................................................................................................... 27
Thank You! ............................................................................................................................................. 27


Acknowledgement





Preface

As I mentioned in the previous parts that the idea of this book came to
my mind after reviewing so many competitive examinations in
examination halls or through Media and many people drop out
without any success. I think most of the time the reason was either not
enough preparation or lack of resources to enhance the knowledge
required to compete with others.

Thats why I started writing this book on various subjects so that it can
offer the basic guidance to the people preparing for the competition.
Nonetheless everyone can get benefitted with this set of books because
Ignorance is the curse of God, Knowledge is the wing wherewith we fly
to heaven.

The Key to Success has been written for the people trying to prepare
for any competition. Therefore the scope of this book is not to deep dive
on any subject rather swim across various layers but what one need to
qualify. However, this book cannot be used to gain exhaustive
knowledge on any given subject but it provides enough information
that you can easily remember and be better prepared for anything.

As usual, at the end of the book, a multi-choice Questionnaire is given
that has only one correct answer. Try to attempt those questions on
your own and then check the correct answers from the Answer Sheet.

Good Luck !!!

Grocery Items

Vegetables


Name of the
Vegetable
i -:| n|=
Beans =|=
Bitter Gourd + : =|
Bottle Gourd .|| :
Brinjal m n
Broad Beans || + s|
Cabbage |: m|||
Capsicum fkeyk fepZ
Carrot -|| :
Cauli Flower -|| ||
Colocasia =:|
Cucumber =||:|, ++s|
French Beans =|
Garlic -|=n
Jack Tender +c=
Lady Fingur =|+:|, i|-s|
Lemon n|
Carissa +:|:|
Lettuce ==|: .a|
Luffa =|+|
Mint :|n|
Onion |
Peas =c:
Permer :4=
Potato =| =
Pumpkin dkkhQy
Raddish = =|
Spinach | = +
Sugar Beet | +-: :
Sweet Potato kdjdanh
Tamarind ==|
Tomato c=|c:
Turnip kyte
Yam i=|+-:
Apple Gourd ic-s|
Curry Leaves +:| .a|
Dill =||
Coriander :| |in|
Ginger =::=|
Goose Berry,
Nellikai
=|4=|
Green Chilly :| i=a


Spices


Name of Spice i-:| |:
Fenu Greek =||
Sesame Seed ia =
Mustard =:=|, :|
Poppy Seed =|==|=
Nigella Seed +=||
Dried Ginger =|c
Chilli i= a
Fennel, Ani Seed =|
Asofoetida | m
Alkanet Root :an |a
Black Cardamom |s| =|a|
Black Mustard :|
Black Pepper +|=| i=a
Black Salt +|=| n=+
Cardamom o|c| =|a|
Citric Acid c|c:|
Cloves =|m
Coriander Powder |in| |zs:
Fenugreek Seed +=a:| =||
Saffron +=:
Salt n=+
Sodium Bi
Carbonate
=||n| =|s|
Turmeric Powder -:|
Raw Mango Powdr =|c|
Bay Leaf a .a|
Cinnamon :|= a|n|
Cumin Seed | :|
Mace |i4|
Nutmeg =||=
Gingelly ia=



Dry Fruits


Name of Dry Fruit i-:| |:
Almond ||:|=
Cashew Nut +|
Currant fdkfek
Date =|:
Euruly Forex ==||n|
Pinusgerdiana ia=m||
Pistachio i=a|
Prunes, Raisin =n++|
Saffron +=:
WalNut ==|:|c
Fig =|:
Charoli ia:||
Loquat ==||c
Cantaloupe Seed =|:| |




Fruits


Name of Fruit i-:| |:
Apple =
Apricot =||n|
Banana + =|
Black Berry =||=n
Cherry a:|
Custard Apple kjhQk
Fig =|:
Grapes =m:
Guava ===:
Litchy =|a|
Mango =| =
Mosambi =|==|
Plum, Jujube =|=a|, :
Pome Granate =n|:
Sapodela, Sapota a|+
Mul Berry kgrwr
Musk Melon =|:|
Orange =a:|
Papaya ||a|
Peach =|s
Pear ukkikrh
Pine Apple =n-n|=
Water Melon a:|
Water Nut i=||s|
Grewia |==|
Kiwi +| 4|
Coconut -||i:=
Rus Berry := |:|
Jambul =||=n

Provisions


Name of Grocery i-:| |:
Basmati Rice ||4=
Bengal Gram :|= an|
Black Eyed Beans =|i|
Black Gram :|= zs:
Buck Wheat +c
Chick Peas nskh puk
Corn =++|
Pigeon Peas :|= =::
Red Lentil :|= ==s
Rice Flake |||
Gram Flour |=n
Green Gram :|= =m
Jaggery ms
Kidney Beans :|=|
Maize ||:|
Peanut =m=|
Porridge :i=|
Refined Flour =:|
Semolina =|
Sugar a|n|
Tea ||
Vinegar i=:+|
Wheat Flour =|c|
Turkish Gram =|c
Sorghum =4|:



English Grammar

Homophones

A homophone is a word that is
pronounced the same as another word
but differs in meaning. The words may be
spelled the same.

English Word i-:| =|

Homo Word i-:| =|
ACCEDE =4|+| EXCEED =i|+ |n|
ACCEPT
=4|+|:
+:n|
EXCEPT i=4|
ACCESS a EXCESS =i|+a|
ADVICE ==| ADVISE ==| :n|
ALTAR 4:| ALTER :=n|
ARTIST +=|+|: ARTISTE
Iskksoj
+=|+|:
ASCENT as| ASSENT =4|+ia
BALE m|c BAIL =|na
BERTH
=|n +|
=||n
BIRTH -=
CANVAS i+:i=a CANVASS 4|c =| mn|
CHECK o=|n| CHEQUE + +| a+
CHORD
4|n +|
a|:
CORD s|:|
COARSE
|ic|,
=|c|
COURSE |c+=
CONFIDANT iookl ik= CONFIDENT fooLr
COUNCIL ifjkn~ COUNSEL ==|
DAIRY nqX/k kkyk DIARY s|:|
DEAR i DEER i:n
DESCENT
n|a +|
za:n|
DISSENT ===a |n|
DIE =:n| DYE :mn|
DIFFERENC
E
=-a: DEFERENCE =|::
DRAUGHT |c DROUGHT ==||
DUAL :|:| DUEL -:
EFFECT ||4 AFFECT ||4 s|=n|
ELIGIBLE
an| |n
|-
ILLEGIBLE =cn|
EXPANSE i4=a|: EXPENSE =|a
FARE i+:|| FAIR ==|
FEET : FEAT
|::| +|
+|
FLEA i== FLEE ||mn|
HUMAN =|n4 HUMANE :|=
IDOL =ia IDLE =|==|
INSIGHT lw{e n`fV INCITE z+=|n|
JEALOUS bZ;kZyw ZEALOUS z.=||
LESSON | c LESSEN += +:n|
LOSE =||n| LOOSE s|=|
MARRY kknh djuk MERRY =-n
METRE
n|n +|
=|c:
METER =|c:
PEACE kkfUr PIECE c+s|
PLAIN =|:| PLANE |||n
PRAY
||n|
+:n|
PREY fkdkj
PRINCIPAL ||n|a| PRINCIPLE i=|-a
QUIET kkUr

QUITE i=+=
RAISE zc|n| RAGE +||
REIN =m|= REIGN kklu
RIGHT =|| RITE ==+|:
ROOT s ROUTE :|=a|
SAIL
==: =
=|n|
SALE i+|
SIEGE | :| SEIZE a +:n|
SITE i=| ia SIGHT
=|=|| +|
=|ia
SOAR zsn| SOUR =|cc|
SOUL =|.=| SOLE
=+=|, a|
a=|
STATIONARY i=| : STATIONERY -|=|n =|=m |
STORY +|n| STOREY =i=
SUIT
=i4|| =
|n|
SUITE +=:| +| =c
TALE +|n| TAIL o
TEEM |:| |n| TEAM : =
UMPIRE in-||+ EMPIRE =|=|=
URBAN kgjh URBANE =
VALE ||c| WAIL :|n|
WASTE +|: +:n| WAIST + = :
WAVE -|: WAIVE
=i|+|:
o|sn|
WEEK =a| WEAK +=|:


Synonyms

Synonyms are words with the same or
similar meanings.

W O R D S Y N O N Y M
Amenities Courtesies
Abandon Discontinue
Distinguish Differentiate
Recover Recoup
Terminate End
Admit Accept
Infinite Endless
Authentic Factual
Tentative Provisional
Appraisal Estimation
Masterpiece Model
Ascend Mount
Ugly Hateful
Condemn Blame
Detect Discover
Confidential Secret
Absolute Limitless
Icon Painting
Bifurcated Forked
Liberty Freedom
Demise End
Drowsy Sleepy
Synthetic Artificial
Charter Document
Abbreviate Shorten



Antonyms

The Antonym is taken to be synonymous
with opposite but with more restricted
meanings. There are three types of
antonyms i.e. graded antonym,
complementary antonyms and relational
antonyms.

W O R D A N T O N Y M
Tragedy Comedy
Start Finish
Universal Regional
Synthetic Natural
Transparent Opaque
Vulgar Refined
Boost Hinder
Nervous Bold
Discount Premium
Comic Tragic
Facsimile Original
Addition Substraction
Bridge Open
Attract Repel
Gratuity Wages
Eclipse Shine
Foreigner Native
Ignore Redress
Official Private
Prohibit Permit
Density Rarity
Appointment Dismissal
Challenge Accept
Commend Dislike
Obsolete Recent
Immediate Slow
Harmony Discord
Justify Accuse
Catholic Narrow Minded
Destroy Create
Brilliant Dull
Parallel Divergent
Auspicious Unfavourable
Vague Definite
Crowded Lonely


One Word Substitute

One word substitute is the word(s) that
replace a group of words or a complete
sentence effectively without creating any
kind of ambiguity in meaning. It is
written so precisely that everyone could
understand it easily.


Matter One Word
Examine ones own
thoughts and feelings
Introspection
A short story about a
real person or event
Anecdote
Woman who offers
herself on payment for
sexual intercourse
Prostitute
Life History of a person
written by another
person
Biography
Custom of having
many wives
Polygamy
Anything written in a
letter after it is signed
Postscript
One who always runs
away from danger
Timid
A post with no work
but high pay
Sinecure
A person living
permanently in a
Domicile
certain place
The Art of cutting
trees and bushes into
ornamental shape
Topiary
Walking in sleep Somnambulism
One who lends money
at high rate of interest
Usurer
Woman trained to help
other woman in child
birth
Midwife
The School or college
in which one has been
educated
Alma mater
A person who is always
dissatisfied
Malcontent
Person who has long
experience
Veteran
A man who pays too
much attention on his
clothes & appearance
Dandy
A man who dances to
the tunes of his wife
Henpecked
An old unmarried
woman
Spinster
A person who enters
without any invitation
Intruder
One who does not
know how to save
money
Spendthrift
Combination of two or
more companies
engaged in different
businesses
Conglomerate
A person who wishes to
throw over all
establshments
Anarchist
A person who collects
Coins
Numismatist
A school for infants
and young children
Kindergarten
(KG)
One who resides in a
country of which he is
not a citizen
Alien
One who draws Maps
and Charts
Cartographer
A story that can hardly
be believed
Inredible



Idioms and Phrases

Idioms are the words, phrases or
expressions which are made in
metaphorical way to make the language
colourful. They are commonly used in day
to day conversation by the people.

=| | 4 :| Idiom or Phrase
|:: +| |n =::=| +|
=4|:
Cast pearls before
swine
=|| = +|n| :||
A figure among
cyphers
=|m = || s|=n| Add fuel and fire
=|= mm:| o=+a |
Deep rivers move
with silent majesty
= oa| |a +|
iais| am m =|a
It is too late to lock
stable door
=|==|n = im:| =|: =
=c+|
Out of frying pan
into the fire
=||| o|s :| +| ||4, =|||
i== n :| |4
Quit not certainty
for hope
=n = i=| i=cc nn|
Self praise is no
recommendation
=n :| : =|s| |n|
Stand on ones own
legs
|: =o| :n|= :|
A bad name is
better than bad
i-=| + ||- = o|+| n|
cca|
Cattle dont die from
crows cursing
|| s = +|, =|= +|
= |
Gather thistles and
expect pickles
s| +| s| |a
High winds blow on
high hills
in| =: =4m n| i:=|a|
If you want a thing
well done, do it
yourself
|a| mm| = || ||n|
Make Hay while the
sun shines
|: : +:+ |s| |:n|
Many a little makes
a mickle
||ma |a +| =m|c| |=|
Something is better
than nothing
||= +| =||= in+|=n| Split hairs
|= + =|m |n |n| Crying in wilderness
||: i:n +| a|:n| i: =|:|
:|a
A Nine Days
wonder
||: a|: =|=: ||
Birds of a feather
flock together
||: +| :|s| = ian+|
Guilty Conscious is
always suspicious
:| +| =| o|o +| +
+ +: |a|
A burnt child
dreads the fire
i:n :n| :|a a|m n|
By Leaps and
Bounds
sa +| ian+ +| =|:|
Drowing Man
catches at Straw
||| +| +.a|, |: +| n ||c
+|
Whistling maid and
crowing hen are
neither fit for God
nor Men
(+ =o=| =|: a|=| +|
m:| +:a|
A rotten apple
injures its
companions
|: +=| z|: =||
Between Scylia and
Charybdis
(+ || = a|=| n| a|
It takes two to make
a quarrel
(+ | :| +|
Killing two Birds
with one Stone
4| i+= n|n| Castles in the Air
|=| : =:=| zm|n|
Rome was not built
in a day
=| :|| 4=| |
As the King so are
the Subjects
=|| m:a 4 :=a n|
Barking Dogs
seldom Bite
=|= = :+: =m: = :
It is hard to live in
Rome and to fight
with Pope
i=+| =|c| z=+| |= Might is Right
= +| a=| Tit for Tat
=||+ : n c| i4| 4|
+| |n |: :|
No one knows
weight of anothers
burden
+m|=| = =|c| m|=|
Misfortunes never
come singly
+|n| + | +| =| |=|=
Many a slip between
the Cup and Lip
+: :| a| | :|
Do evil and look for
like
+| +=: n o|sn|
Leave no stone
unturned
-|| + an a|n| Hard nut to crack
-|| +| =|| +|ca|
Diamonds cut
diamond
=|=a :| =|
Avarice is the root of
all evils
=|=| = :|= m= = o:|
A wolf in Lambs
clothing
=m:=o + =|= Crocodile Tears
-|+| +: :i:| = s|=
Do good and cast it
into the river
-||a n =|4 =|mn cs|
A bad workman
quarrels with his
tools
n| nm: n a: z||:
A bird in hand is
worth than two in
bush
=|= a|c |= n| a|
A fog cannot be
dispelled by a fan
=| +| = A bed of Roses
|a + : |=n = i:=|| :a

Coming events cast
their shadow before
:m || +sn| Catch Red Handed
:| +=| =||:n|, :| |n|
|n|
Living from Hand to
Mouth
:| +| |s n|n|
Make a Mountain of
a mole hill
=||a +| =| a n|
Pure gold does not
fear the flame
=||4n + =| +| :| | :|
i:=|| :a|
Everything looks
yellow to a
jaundiced eye
.|a |4 =|i:, a| =||
=|:
Cut your coat
according to cloth
|||| an| | |n|
An empty vessel
sounds much
z-c |= :=|
Carry Coal to new
Castle
z a| :+|n |+| +4|n Great Cry little wool
zc + = = |:| A drop in the Ocean


Clipped or Shortened Words
A word, formed by dropping one or more
syllables from a longer word or phrase
with no change in meaning.


Clipped Word Meaning
Ad Advertisement
Auto Automobile
Bit Binary Digit
Burger Hamburger
Coop Cooperative
Cuppa A Cup of Tea
Disc Compact Disc
Fax Facsimile
Flu Influenza
Fridge Refrigerator
Gas Gasoline
Gym Gymnasium
Hanky Handkerchief
Maths Mathematics
Memo Memorandum
Mike Microphone
Pant Pantaloon
Psych Psychology
Pub Public House
Stats Statistics
Taxi Taxicab
Van Caravan
Veggy Vegetarian



Typical words in Pronunciation


Anaesthesia Assassination Bureaucratic Conscientious
Diarrhea Pneumonia Entrepreneur Fahrenheit
Haemorrhage Hotch Potch Incandescent Condescendence
Inconspicuous Millennium Mediterranean Onomatopoeia
Paediatrics Pasteurisation Renaissance Rhinoceros
Septuagenarian Restaurateur Onomatopoeia Seychelles
Saccharine
Strengths (longest
single vowel word)
Psychiatrist Lieutenant Opthalmologist
Pseudopseudohypo-
parathyroidism (Largest
Single Word)
Tripertite and
Typewriter (Single line
on Key Board)
Thiruvananthapuram
Dermatoglyphics
(longest word with no
repetition of letters)

Domestic Items

=||=|n +| n|= Name of Item
ic+:| Alum
=|:=| Antimony
+mn Bracelet
=|s| +|c| Brooch
=||m| Borax
=c Cloister
+.|| Catechu
+: Camphor
|n= Chandelier
+s|| Cauldron
ka[k Caunch
on| Chisel
=|a|:|n| Comfit
|:=| Drill
:a| File
Louse
|+ Leech
icss| Locust
=|:= Mortar
+=a:| Musk
-|= Ochre
:| Quilt
|=n| Sieve
:=| Spade
=|:| Saw
cn Stud
||:| Sack
=+c Tiara
:-:| Trying Plane
i=:: Vermilion
im:| Vulture
||c Veil
=cc| Whey
z|n| Yawning

Stock Market and Indices
BSE/NSE

A stock market index is a method
of measuring the value of a
section of the stock market. It is
computed from the prices of
selected stocks. It is a tool used
by investors and financial
managers to describe the market.
A close and fundamental study
helps a person to identify the
market.

Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) is
a stock exchange located on
Dalal Street, Mumbai. It is 10
th

largest stock exchange in the
world by market capitalization. It
was established in 1875 and was
recognized by Govt. of India in
1956. It is India's Oldest Stock
Exchange with listing of over
4000 scripts with it. This is not
fully automated yet but progress
towards full automation is
underway.

Sensex means Sensitivity Index,
an abbreviation of the Bombay
Exchange Sensitive Index. It is
major index of BSE and it
comprise of 30 scripts from
different sectors.

The National Stock Exchange
(NSE) is stock exchange located
at Mumbai. It is the 11
th
largest
stock exchange in the world by
market capitalization and largest
in India by daily turnover and
number of trades for both
equities and derivative trading. It
has over 1652 stocks listed.

The NSE's key index is known as
NIFTY (National Stock Exchange
Fifty), an index of fifty major
stocks weighted by market
capitalization. It has more than
2000 stocks from different
sectors listed with it. It is fully
automated electronic order
processing exchange.

Sensex 30 Listed Companies

BSE Sensex currently consists of the following 30 major companies-
No. S t o c k Name of the Company(s)
1 Consumer Finance Housing Development Finance Corporation
2-3 Pharmaceutical Cipla Sun Pharma
4 Electrical Equipment B.H.E.L.
5-6
Banking
State Bank of India H.D.F.C. Bank
7 I.C.I.C.I. Bank
8-9
Automotives
Hero Motocorp Mahindra & Mahindra
10-11 Tata Motors Maruti Suzuki
12 Bajaj Auto Ltd.
13-14
Information
Technology
Infosys Wipro Ltd.
15 Tata Consultancy Services (TCS)
16-17
Oil & Gas
O.N.G.C. Reliance Industries Ltd.
18 GAIL
19-20 Power Tata Power N.T.P.C.
21-22
Metals & Mining
Hindalco Industries Sterlite Industries
23 Coal India
24 Steel Tata Steel
25-26 Conglomerate Larsen & Toubro I.T.C.
27 Consumer Goods Hindustan Unilever Ltd.
28 Steel & Power Jindal Steel & Power
29 Telecommunication Bharti Airtel
30 Real Estate D.L.F.

STT, Dividend, Margin Money

Securities Transaction Tax (STT)
is a tax on the value of shares
bought and sold on a stock
exchange irrespective of your
profit or loss. It was introduced
in the year 2004-2005.
o The current rate of STT is
0.125% of the transaction
volume. STT is not
applicable on Government
Securities, Bonds,
Debentures and Mutual
Fund.

Dividends are payments made by
a corporation to its shareholder
members. It is the portion of
corporate profits paid out to
stockholders. When a corporation
earns a profit or surplus, that
money can be put to two uses.
o It can either be reinvested
in the business or it can
be distributed to
shareholders. There are
two ways to distribute
cash to shareholders,
either share repurchases
or dividends.
o Many corporations retain a
portion of their earnings
and pay the remainder as
a dividend. A dividend is
allocated as a fixed
amount per share. As per
the Income Tax Act, the
tax is exempted on
Dividends.

Margin Money is borrowing
money from your broker to buy a
stock and using your investment
as collateral. Investors generally
use margin to increase their
purchasing power so that they
can own more stock without fully
paying for it.
o Margin accounts can be
very risky and they are not
suitable for everyone. You
can lose more money than
you have invested. You
may have to deposit
additional cash or
securities in your account
on short notice to cover
market losses.

Major Up and Downs of Sensex

Sensex Raised to Date Sensex Raised to Date
1000 25
th
July, 1990 12000 20
th
April, 2006
2000 15
th
Jan, 1992 13000 30
th
Oct., 2006
3000 29
th
Feb., 1992 14000 5
th
Dec., 2006
4000 30
th
March, 1992 15000 6
th
July, 2007
5000 8
th
Oct., 1999 16000 19
th
Sept., 2007
6000 11
th
Feb., 2000 17000 26
th
Sept., 2007
7000 20
th
June, 2005 18000 9
th
Oct., 2007
8000 8
th
Sept., 2005 19000 15
th
Oct., 2007
9000 28
th
Nov., 2005 20000 29
th
Oct., 2007
10000 6
th
Feb., 2006 21000 7
th
Jan., 2008
11000 21
st
March, 2006

Fall of Sensex was recorded on a single day

Year Date Down Pts. Date Down Pts.
2011 4
th
Feb. 442 11
th
Feb. 834
24
th
Feb. 546 22
nd
Sept. 704
2010 12
th
Nov. 432 16
th
Nov. 444
2009 7
th
Jan. 749 6
th
July 870
17
th
Aug. 627
2008 21
st
Jan. 1408 22
nd
Jan. 857
11
th
Feb. 834 13
th
March 771
17
th
March 951 27
th
June 600
15
th
Sept. 710 6
th
Oct 725
10
th
Oct. 800 24
th
Oct. 1070
2007 18
th
Jan. 688 31
st
March 727
16
th
August 643 17
th
Oct. 717
21
st
Nov. 678 17
th
Dec. 769
2006 18
th
May 826


Indices of other Countries



G o l d

old is a bright yellow color metal.
It is not soluble in any single
acid except aquarazia (a mixture
of Nitric Acid and Hydrochloric Acid in
1:3 ratio). It is a valuable precious metal
for coinage, jewellery etc.

The last gold coin currencies were
issued in 1932 in United States of
America. In Europe most of the
countries stopped gold standard after
World War I in 1914.

The softness of pure gold is measured
as 24 carat. While making jewellery,
some percentage of copper and/or silver
etc. is mixed for hardness, color and
ductility of gold ornaments. 18 carat
gold contains 25% of copper.

It is a very costly metal because of its
extraction from its ores. 10 gram gold is
extracted from 250 kg. ores. In world
oceans, about 15000 tons of gold is
deposited in the form of rocks etc.

A total of 171,300 tonnes of gold have
been mined in human history. Present
value of the entire gold is US$ 5.0
trillion. The world consumption of the
gold produced is about 50% in jewellery,
40% in investments and 10% in
industry.

The maximum stock of Gold are in the
form of jewellery, coins and bars and in
Industries at the ratio of 52%, 16% and
12% respectively.

Gold Reserve is the gold held by a
Nation as a store of value and as a
guarantee to redeem promises to pay
Depositors, Note Holders i.e. Currency
or trading peer.


Australia (ASX)
China (SSE)
France (CAC)
Germany (DAX)
Hong Kong
(Hang Sang)
India (Nifty)
Indonesia
(IHSG)
Japan (Nikkei) Pakistan (KSE)
Russia (MICEX)
Singapore
(FTSE)
South Africa
(FTSE)
S.Korea (KOSPI)
Sri Lanka (ASPI)
U.K. (FTSE)
U.S.A. (Dow
Jones, Nasdaq)
G
Top 20 Gold Reserve Countries


S.
No.
Country
Total
Stock
Foreign
Reserve
1 Euro Area 10800 60.7%
2 United States 8100 77%
3
Intl Monetary
Fund
2800 --
4 Germany 3400 74%
5 Italy 2450 73%
6 France 2435 73%
7 China 1050 94%
8 Switzerland 1050 17%
9 Russia 950 10%
10 Netherlands 600 58%
11 India 560 11%
12 Portugal 400 80%
13 Venezuela 360 52%
14
United
Kingdom
310 17%
15 Austria 280 56%
16 Pakistan 185 20%
17 South Africa 125 12%
18 Greece 110 80%
19 Canada 4 0.2
20 Japan 765 4%
Total ::
30500
Ton




History of Gold Prices


Year
INR @ per
10 gm.
Average Hike %
per year
1930 20 --
1935 30 10%
1940 36 4%
1945 60 13%
1950 100 13%
1955 80 -5%
1960 110 7%
1965 70 -7%
1970 180 30%
1975 540 40%
1980 1330 30%
1985 2100 12%
1990 3200 10%
1995 4650 9%
2000 4400 -0.7%
2002 5000 7%
2003 5300 6%
2004 6000 13%
2005 6200 3%
2006 8500 37%
2007 9400 11%
2008 10000 6%
2009 13400 34%
2010 16800 25%
2011 22200 30%
2012 28000 25%
2013 31500 Current year.


Branded Jewellery in Indian Market


Since the Indian consumer is
changing day by day, there are so
many brand names in Indian
market.
Tanishq is the largest jewellery
retailer in India, launched by
I.T.C. Ltd.
Nakshatra is a brand name for
being the first diamond jewelry
range in the country.
DDamas is a business house of
Gitanjali Group, one of the
largest manufacturers of
diamonds in India.
Nirvana is a range of crafted
diamond jewellery by Fine
Jewellery Ltd., largest exporter of
Diamond Jewellery.
Gili, first branded jewellery of
India started in 1994.
Kiah diamond jewellery, a
business house of Sheetal Group
has a collection of alluring
diamonds studded in white and
yellow gold.
Orra is also a leading diamond
jewellery brand in Indian market.
Sangini Diamond Trading
Company was started in 2004.
Adora diamond jewellery was
launched in 2003 by Jewellery (I)
Pvt. Ltd. of Mumbai.

Parts of the Building and House

A house has different names of
locations if the style of making is
changed.

Kind Description
Duplex
It is two separate residences
which looks like two houses
put together, shares a wall
between two houses.
Attached side by side.
Flat
It contains a common space
for staircase and built on
entire floor.
Bungalow
A single storey house with
all rooms on a floor and
without basement.
Villa An Upper Class House
Farm House A residence on a Farm.
Barrack
A type of military house with
row of bunk beds and attach
bathroom facility.
Mansion A very large detached house.
Igloo A house built on Ice
Hotel/Inn
A place which provides both
boarding and lodging
Pant House
Top floor of any multi storey
building
Cottage
A single storey house with
wood work
Studio Apt.
A suite with single room as
Living and Sitting and Bed
Room with Kitchen and Bath
room.
Micro House
A house built in a very
compact space for sleeping,
cooking and toilet etc.
Mess or
Bedshit
Single bedroom per tenant
with common facility for
toilet, bath and kitchen. Has
very limited space for sitting
and sleeping etc.
Rail Road
Apt.
A type of apartment, built in
a narrow plot.
Shop House
A house on street level with
residential facility on upper
floor and shop on ground
level.
Castle
A very defensive structure
built under the ground or
shedded with hard roof.
Maisonette
An apartment on two levels
with internal stair facility.
Love Icons of History

Dhola and Maaru - Dhola was a
prince of Narwar and Maaru was
princess of Poogal. The couple
were married in their childhood by
their parents. Dholas father King
died and Dhola forgot to marry
Maaru and married another
princess Malwani. So many
messages were sent to Dhola by
Maarus side but the messages
could not be received by Dhola. A
group of Folk Singers were sent to
Narwar and then Dhola could
know about his first love.
o As usual, so many hurdles
came to their way but finally
Dhola reached to Poogal and
they united each other.
While returning to Narwar
after marriage, Maaru is
bitten by a snake and died.
Dhola also decided to burn
himself but was saved by
few saints who claimed that
they will alive Maaru. They
treated Maaru and finally
could bring Maaru back to
life.
o Again, they were tried to kill
by Umar Sumar, a king of
Narwar, who wanted Maaru
to marry, but the couple
escaped from there on a
camel and lived life long
happily with Malwani also.

Layla and Majnun - A real story of
7
th
century of Arabian Peninsula of
Qays Ibn al Mulawwah (Qeith).
They fell in love with each other.
Laylas father denied to merry
Qeith. Qeith started composing
Poems and Layla was married to
another person.
o When Qeith heard about the
marriage, he began
wandering the surrounding
desert. Layla moved to Iraq
with her husband where she
fell ill and finally died.

Shirin and Farhad - It is a love
story of Persian King Khosrow II
who fell in love with Armenian
Princess, Shirin. Shirin was niece
of princes of Armenia. She fell in
love with Khusro after seeing his
picture only. She left the palace
and started to move to Khusros
palace meanwhile Khusro also left
his palace to search for Shirin. On
the way, they saw each other but
could not recognize.
o On a later stage, when
Khusro met Shirin, she
denied to marry him.
Khusro tried to send his
Architect friend Farhad for
the marriage proposal to
shirins palace. But Farhad
himself fell in love with
Shirin.
o Khosrow sent Farhad in
exile to rock mountains with
an impossible task of
carving stairs in Iran.
Khosrow sent a false
message to Farhad about
Shirin's death. Hearing this
false news, Farhad throws
himself from the
mountaintop and dies.
Shirin also kills herself.

Heer and Ranjha - Heer was very
beautiful woman who born in a
wealthy Jaat family of Jhang,
Pakistan. Ranjha (Full name was
Dheedo Ranjha) was also a Jat and
lived in Takht Hazara, near river
Chenab. He was very fond of
playing flute.
o Due to family disturbances,
Ranjha left the home and
reached to Heers village and
fell in love with her. Heer
offered Ranjha as Caretaker
of her fathers cattle. They
met each other secretly until
they were caught by Heers
family member. Heer was
not allowed to meet Ranjha.
o Ranjha reached to Baba
Gorakhnath and both met
Heers family and agreed to
marry Heer with Ranjha. On
the wedding day, Heer died
due to poisonous food given
by her jealous uncle Kaido.
o Hearing this news, Ranjha
also took the same sweet
and died. They were buried
at Jhang.

Sohni and Mahival It is a story of
18
th
century of Gujarat town at
Pakistan. Sohni was a beautiful
daughter of a potter named Tulla.
His shop was near the River
Chenab where there was a caravan
trade route between Bukhara and
Delhi.
o As Sohni grew up, she
would draw floral designs on
Surahis and mugs when it
came off the wheels. Izzat
Baig, a rich trader from
Bukhara came to India and
saw the beautiful Sohni
there. Sohni fell in love with
Izzat Baig (Mahival).
o Mahival took up the job of a
servant in her house. He
grazed his buffaloes also
there. When the people got
to know about the affairs of
Sohni and Mahiwal, her
parents arranged her
marriage with another
potter without her consent.
o Mahival also started living
like a Faqir across the river.
Taking advantage of the
darkness, Sohni and
Mahival started meeting
together across the river.
o One day when Sohni tried to
cross the river with the help
of the pitcher, it dissolved in
the water and Sohni
drowned in the river. After
seeing it, Mahiwal also
jumped into the river and
drowned as well. They were
buried in Sindh, Pakistan.

Romeo and Juliet, Julius and
Caesar are the tragedy stories
written by William Shakespeare
written in the year 1599.
Mathematical Functions

Formula for divisible by any digit

Divisible by 2 Any number
which is divisible by 2, it must be
having last digit as even number
i.e. 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8. E.g. 136,
2058, 34444, 505052, 1000000
etc.;

Divisible by 3 - Any number is
divisible by 3, if the sum of all
digits is divisible by 3 e.g. 582,
101010, 76578, 9501 etc.;

Divisible by 4 Any number is
divisible by 4 if the last two digits
are divisible by 4 e.g. 24, 564,
6708, 55544, 101012 etc.;

Divisible by 5 - Any number is
divisible by 5 if the last digit is
either 0 or 5 e.g. 1000, 40505,
7605, 9988650 etc.

Divisible by 6 Any number is
divisible by 6 if both conditions of
2 and 3 above fulfils i.e. the sum
of all digits must be divisible by 3
and the last digit is an even
number e.g. 5622, 1944, 13050,
47850, 248256 etc.

Divisible by 7 The calculation of
finding the formula is little
complicated rather than other
numbers above. Start with the
following process to find whether
a number (take 79656164) is
divisible by 7 or not?

Unit 10
th
100
th
1000
th
10000
th
Lacs 10-lac Crores Remarks
4 6 1 6 5 6 9 7
Same+ 3times+ 2times- Same- 3times- 2times+ Same+ 3times So on
4+ 18+ 2- 6- 15- 12+ 9+ 21
The Sum comes 21 which is divisible by 7.



The above formula works for the
figure 79656164 as 4 + 3(6) + 2(1)
6 3(5) 2(6) + 9 + 3(7) = 4+18+2-6-
15-12+9+21 = 21 which is divisible
by 7. Hence the above figure is
divisible by 7. (

o Repeat the sequence after 6
th

digit i.e. +7th digit +3 times
8th digit +2 times 9
th
digit
10
th
digit and so on. If the
whole sum is divisible by 7,
then the original number is
divisible by 7.

Divisible by 8 - Any number is
divisible by 8 if the last 3 digits is
divisible by 8 e.g. 760, 4256, 70768,
530656 etc.
Divisible by 9 Any number is
divisible by 9 if the sum of all digits
is divisible by 9 e.g. 6525, 87219,
55530, 9378, 675198 etc.

Divisible by 10 Any number is
divisible by 10 if the last digit is Zero
e.g. 100, 5460, 88090, 710000 etc.

Divisible by 11 Any number is
divisible by 11 if the difference of the
sums of alternating digits is divisible
by 11 or it is 0 e.g. 75295 = sum of
1
st
, 3
rd
and 5
th
digit (from either side)
is 14 and sum of 2
nd
and 4
th
digit is
also 14, the difference comes 0,
hence it is divisible by 11. Another
example is 775296500 = 7+5+9+5+0
(sum 26) minus 7+2+6+0 (sum 15) =
difference 11, hence the number is
divisible by 11.


Conversions

DISTANCE
1 Inch 2.54 cm.
1 Meter 1.094 yards
1 Feet 0.3048 Meter
1 Km.
0.62 miles
1093 yards
1 Mile
5280 feet
1.609 km.
8 furlong
1 Nautical Mile
6080.2 feet
1.853 kms.
1 Furlong
220 yards
201 metre
1 Yard
3 feet
91.44 cm.

VOLUME
1 Litre 0.22 Gallon
1 Gallon 4.546 Litres
1 Cusec 28.32 Litre/sec.
1 cu.m. 35.3 cu.ft.
1 cup 236.5 ml.
1 Table Spoon 15 ml.
1 Tea Spoon 5 ml.

A R E A
1 Sq. Meter
1.196 sq. yards
10.76 sq.ft.
1 sq. yard 0.86 sq.m.
1 Sq. feet 0.093 sq.m.
1 Acre
4840 sq. yards
4046.9 sq.m.
1 sq.mile
640 Acre
2.59 sq.km.
3,100,000 sq.
yards
1 Hectare 2.47 Acre
I Link 0.666 inches
1 Bigha
2603.7 sq. yards
20 Biswa
400 Biswansi
0.253 hectare
1 Chain 66 feet
10 chains 1 furlong
W E I G H T S
1 Kg. 2.2 Pound
1 Pound
453.6 gms.
16 oz.
1 Ounce 28.35 gms.
1 Carat 0.2 gm.
Standard Size of Papers
A 0 841 x 1189 mm
A 1 594 x 841 mm
A 2 420 x 594 mm
A 3 297 x 420 mm
A 4 210 x 297 mm
A 5 148 x 210 mm
A 6 105 x 148 mm
A 7 74 x 105 mm
(*) Follow Further Details
OTHERS
O
C to
o
F (C*1.8)+32
O
F to
o
C (F-32)*0.56
1 km./hr. 0.278 m/sec.



(*) Paper Sizes

The international paper size
standard is based on the German
DIN 476 standard that is called
Series A. The Paper sizes are
based on a ratio of 1 : 2 i.e.
1:1.4142. The A0 size of paper is
1 meter by 1 metre in length and
width which is called 1 m
2
.

When it is rounded to
millimetres, it comes to 841 x
1189 mm. or in inches it is 33.1
46.8 inches. Successive paper
sizes in the series A1, A2, A3 etc.
are defined by halving the
preceding paper size along the
larger dimension.

The most frequently used paper
size is A4 measuring 210 x 297
mm or 8.3 x 11.7 inches.
A series paper sizes are adopted
by entire world except United
States of America and Canada.

B series standard of papers is
geometric mean of successive A
series sheets so B1 is between A0
and A1 in size with an area of
0.707 m
2
.

Posters are printed on B-series
standard papers. The books are
relatively printed on B5 size. The
B Series is also used for making
envelopes and Passports.

The current standard sizes of
United States of America and
Canada are named as "Letter",
"Legal", "Ledger" and "Tabloid".
The Letter size paper is
215.9279.4; Legal 215.9355.6;
Junior Legal 203.2127; Ledger
432279 and Tabloid 279432
mm.


Measurement of all Paper sizes


Standard Format A Series (mm.) B Series (mm.) C Series (mm.)
0-size 841 x 1189 1000 x 1414 917 x 1297
Size 1 594 x 841 707 x 1000 648 x 917
Size 2 420 x 594 500 x 707 458 x 648
Size 3 297 x 420 353 x 500 324 x 458
Size 4 210 x 297 250 x 353 229 x 324
Size 5 148 x 210 176 x 250 162 x 229
Size 6 105 x 148 125 x 176 114 x 162
Size 7 74 x 105 88 x 125 81 x 114
Size 8 52 x 74 62 x 88 57 x 81
Size 9 37 x 52 44 x 62 40 x 57
Size 10 26 x 37 31 x 44 28 x 40


Number Count in advance language


Multiple Affix Numeral Symbol
10 Deca Ten Da
10
2
Hecto Hundred H
10
3
Kilo Thousand K
10
6
Mega Million M
10
9
Giga Billion G
10
12
Tera Trillion T
10
15
Peta Quadrillion P
10
18
Exa Quintillion E
10
-1
Deci One Tenth D
10
-2
Centi
One
hundreth
C
10
-3
Milli
One
thousanth
M
10
-6
Micro
One
millionth

10
-9
Mano
One
billionth
N
10
-12
Pico
One
trillionth
P
10
-15
Femto
One
quadrillonth
F
10
-18
Atto
One
quintillionth
A

Metrication in India

Metrication is the process of
converting to the metric system
based on the International
System of Units (SI).

India adopted this new Metric
system with effect from October,
1958. The Indian Coins became
legal tender in April 1957 where
the rupee consists of 100 paise.

A relaxation for next five years
was allowed where both old and
new systems were legal.

Since 1962 only new system is in
force and all other systems are
banned.

Today all official measurements
are made in the metric system.
However, some measurements
are still recorded in old system
such as heights of mountains in
feet, road width in feet, body
temperature in Fahrenheit, sizes
of houses in square feet and land
in acres etc.

Till now, only three countries
namely United States of America,
Myanmar and Liberia have not
adopted the International System
of Units metric system as their
official system of weights and
measures.

Questions Related to this Chapter


1. How many metre are in a feet?
(a) 0.3048 m (b) 0.3642 m
(c) 0.4048 m (d) 0.4042 m

2. In which period the gold rate was
dropped by almost 7% from its previous
value?
(a) During Indo China War (1962-66)
(b) During Emergency (1974-77)
(c) PMship of Morarji Desai (1976-80)
(d) PMship of PV Narsimha Rao
(1991-96).

3. Logarithms was invented by?
(a) John Napier
(b) John Neparcus
(c) John Adams
(d) John Routland

4. Which dry fruit item is covered
with three cells before it is consumed?
(a) Pistachio (b) Charoli
(c) Walnut (d) Almond

5. What is a common word used if a
company is engaged in different
businesses in different locations
including out of country?
(a) MNC (b) Conglomerate
(c) Alma matar (d) Subsidiaries

6. What is the current rate of tax on
STT in share market trading?
(a) 0.2% (b) 0.125%
(c) 0.02% (d) 0.05%

7. How many Cubic Inches are
there in a Cubic Feet?
(a) 1676 inches (b) 4011 inches
(c) 5176 inches (d) 1728 inches

8. How many pieces of 5x5x10 cms
cake can be cut from a large cake of
5x30x30 cms.?
(a) 10 cakes (b) 15 cakes
(c) 18 cakes (d) 30 cakes

9. How many feet does a Nautical
Mile has?
(a) 7060 Feet (b) 6570 feet
(c) 6080 feet (d) 8090 feet

10. How many hectares does one
acre cover?
(a) 6 hectares (b) 0.6 hectares
(c) 0.4 hectares (d) 4 hectares

11. Which Reference Book reigns as
the All Time Best Seller?
(a) Oxford Dictionary
(b) Worlds Atlas
(c) Guinness Book of Records
(d) Railway Time Table

12. Which is the most frequently
used English word in writing?
(a) of (b) To
(c) The (d) A

13. Which is the least often used
Alphabet in English writing?
(a) Q (b) Z
(c) X (d) W

14. What is called if a house with all
rooms made on a single floor but
without basement?
(a) Villa (b) Mansion
(c) Flat (d) Bungalow

15. How many stocks are listed in
BSE share market?
(a) 1600 (b) 2800
(c) 4000 (d) 5500

16. Which country is the largest
producer of Peanut?
(a) India (b) China
(c) Myanmar (d) U.S.A.

17. Who created ZERO?
(a) Bhaskaracharya
(b) Newton
(c) Aryabhatta
(d) Brahm Gupta

18. One Nautical mile is NOT
equivalent to?
(a) 6080 ft. (b) 1760 yds.
(c) 9.2 furlong (d) 1.85 kms.

19. Which vowel of English Alphabet
occurs most often in writing?
(a) a (b) e
(c) i (d) o

20. Which is the best selling book all
over the world?
(a) Ramayan (b) Geeta
(c) Bible .. (d) Quraan

21. By which number, the figure
54433211 is divisible fully?
(a) 3 (b) 7
(c) 9 (d) 11

22. What percentage of paper is used
in typing by leaving Margin on a
standard format?
(a) 30% (b) 40%
(c) 50% (d) 65%

23. Which Play is not a Play of
Shakespeare series?
(a) Diplomacy
(b) Merchant of Venice
(c) Measure for Measure
(d) The Winters Tale

24. One Bigha land is equal to?
(a) 20 Bishwa (b) 2.5 Acre app.
(c) 1 hectare (d) 4840 sq.yds.

25. In International system of Units
Metric System of Weights and
Measures, other than United States,
which country has not adopted this
system as yet?
(a) Japan (b) Pakistan
(c) Myanmar (d) Russia


Scoring System

The questions are divided into ten slabs of rating, as usual which has a numeral
value. These letters are A, B, D, E, G, H, L, N, O and S.

Q. Ans. Q. Ans. Q. Ans. Q. Ans. Q. Ans.
1 a 2 a 3 a 4 c 5 b
6 b 7 d 8 c 9 c 10 b
11 c 12 c 13 b 14 d 15 c
16 b 17 d 18 b 19 b 20 c
21 b 22 c 23 a 24 a 25 c



Bibliography:

When I compiled this chapter, I took help of some websites related to it. The
following quotes and references were visited.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_reserve
http://infobharti.com/indias-top-10/top-10-diamond-jewellery-brands-of-india.php
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_size
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metrication_in_India
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_market

Manorama Guide upto 2012.




Thank You!

15
th
part of the Book of The Key to Success
Grammar, Conversion Table,
Groceries etc.
has been released. Hope you are enjoying.
Now in this part of book you will find knowledge
regarding Indian Groceries, English Grammar
including Synonyms, Antonyms, One Word
Substitute, Idioms and Phrases, Gold Prices
and Countries, Parts of Buildings, Love Icons,
Conversion Table, Paper Sizes and many more.
I tried to give you as much information as
possible regarding the above subject even
knowing that there is too much to write on the
subject matter.
Again I request you all to share it with your
friends too. Very soon you may buy the book in
parts at a discounted rate from various online
services including Amazon.com separately.