Worked solutions: Chapter 1 Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for

r the purchasers institute

WORKED SOLUTIONS
1
Answers
Skills check
1 a
y
4
3
2
1
2
3
1
4
A C F
D
E
0 x
4 3 2 1 2 1 3 5 4
B
b A(0, 2), B(1, 0), C(1, 0), D(0, 0), E(2, 1),
F(2, 2), G(3, 1), H(1, 1)
2 a 4x + 3y = 4(4) + 3(6)
= 16 + 18
= 34
b z
2
3y = (10)
2
3(6)
= 100 18
= 82
c y z = 6 (10)
= 6 + 10
= 16
d
+ 2 5 x
yz
=
+

2(4) 5
6 ( 10)
=
+ 8 5
60
=
13
60
3 a 3x 6 = 6
3x = 12
x = 4
b 5x + 7 = 3
5x = 3 7 = 10
x = 2
c
2
x
+ 6 = 11
x + 12 = 22
x = 10
4 a
1 1
y
x
1
2
4
3
2
3
4
1
2 4 3 4 3 2 7 6 5
0
Functions
1
b
1 1
y
x
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
2 4 3 2 5
0
c
1 2 3 1 2 3
y
2
4
0 x
2
4
6
5 a (x + 4)(x + 5) = x
2
+ 5x + 4x + 20
= x
2
+ 9x + 20
b (x 1)(x 3) = x
2
3x x + 3
= x
2
4x + 3
c (x + 5)(x 4) = x
2
4x + 5x 20
= x
2
+ x 20
Investigation handshakes
Represents one person. Represents one
handshake
1 a
So 4 people require 6 handshakes.
b Number of people Number of handshakes
2 1
3 3
4 6
5 10
6 15
7 21
8 28
9 36
10 45
Worked solutions: Chapter 1 Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute
WORKED SOLUTIONS
2
c y
0 x
2 4 6 8 10
5
15
25
35
45
Number of people
N
u
m
b
e
r

o
f

h
a
n
d
s
h
a
k
e
s
d H =
1
2
n (n 1)
Exercise 1A
1 a Function. All x values are different
b Function. All x values are different
c Relation. The domain contains more
than one 4
d Relation. The domain contains two ones
e Relation. The domain contains two 4s
and two 3s
f Function. All x values are different.
2 a The domain is {0, 1, 2, 3, 4}
The range is {0, 1, 2}
It is a function because the domain has
exactly one of each value.
b The domain is {1, 0, 1, 2, 3}
The range is {1, 0, 1, 2, 3}
It is a function because the domain has
exactly one of each value.
3 It is a function because the domain has exactly
one of each value.
Exercise 1B
1 a
y
x 0
Function. Crosses only once
b
y
x
0
Function. Crosses only once
c
y
1
2
0 x
1 2 1 2 3 4
2
3
4
1
Relation. Crosses twice
d
y
x
0
Function. Crosses only once
e y
2
0
x
2 1
2
1
1
Relation. Crosses twice
f
y
0 x
Function. Crosses only once
g y
2
1
1
0 x
2 1 3 5 4
2
Relation. Crosses twice
h
y
1
2
0
x
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3
2
3
1
Function. Crosses only once
Worked solutions: Chapter 1 Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute
WORKED SOLUTIONS
3
i
y
2
1
0 x
2 1 2 1
2
1
Function. Crosses only once
2 a y = x
0
2 2
y
x
2
1
3
2
1
1 3 1
b y = x + 2
2 4 2
y
x
2
2
1
1
3
1 3 3 1
0
c y = 2x 3
2 4 2
y
x
2
2
1
1
3
1 3 1
0
d y = 4
2 2
y
x
2
5
4
3
1
1
2
1 1 3
0
e Yes. A vertical line will only cross them once.
f No, vertical lines such as x = 3 are not functions.
3
y
x
2
3
1
2
1
3
4 2 1 3 2 1
0
Not a function as a vertical line crosses the region
in many places
4 Manipulate the equation to make y the subject:
y x y x
2 2 2
4 4 = = ,
There are two possible values of y for any given x.
For example, When x = 1, y = 3, 3. The same
value in the domain has two possible values in the
range. Therefore x
2
+ y
2
= 4 is not a function.
Exercise 1C
1 y = 0

x
f(x) = 3
x
y
4
2
18
6
8
10
12
14
16
1 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2.5 2
2 y = 0, x = 0.

0 x
y
4
2
2
4
6
8
8
6
4 2 2 4 6 8 6 8
3 y = 0, x = 1.

0 x
y
4
2
2
4
6
8
8
6
4 2 2 4 6 8 6 8
4 y = 2, x = 2.

0 x
y
4
2
2
4
6
8
8
6
2 1 1 2 3 5 4 3 5 4
Worked solutions: Chapter 1 Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute
WORKED SOLUTIONS
4
5 y = 2, x = 1.

0 x
y
4
2
2
4
6
8
8
6
4 2 2 4 6 8 6 8
6 y = 0, x = 3, x = 3.

0 x
y
4
2
2
4
6
8
8
6
4 2 2 4 6 8 6 8
Exercise 1D
1 It is a function. Domain of {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
10} has no value repeated.
Range {1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45}.
2 Note that domain and range can be expressed in
many ways.
a Domain x x y y Range { : }, { : } 4 4 0 4 <
b s s s s { : 1 5}, Range { : 0 4} Domain x x y y
c Domain x x y y { : }, { : } 1 1 0 1 < < < Range
d Domain x x y y { : }, { : } 2 2 3 4 > Range
e Domain x x y y { : }, { : } 5 5 3 4 Range
f < < < < { : }, Range { : 1 1} Domain x x y y
g
Domain x x y y { : }, { : } 2 2 2 2 Range
h
< < < < { : }, Range { : } Domain x x y y
i Domain x , x 1, Range y , y 0.
3 a
2 8 4
y
y = 2x 3
x
12
10
8
6
4
4
2
2
8
6
2 6 1
0
Domain x , Range y
b
y
x
2 2 0 4
4
8
10
12
14
16
4
y = x
2
Domain x , Range y 0
c y
a
0
x
2 2
5
10
15
20
4 6
y = x
2
+ 5x + 6
Domain x , Range y 0.25
d y
a
0
x
1 1 2
5
5
10
10
2
15
y = x
3
4
Domain x , Range y
e y
0 x
20 40 60 80 100
2
4
6
8
10
y = x
Domain x 0, Range y 0
f
y
0
x
20 40 60 80 100
2
4
6
8
10
a
y = 4 x
Domain x 4, Range y 0
Worked solutions: Chapter 1 Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute
WORKED SOLUTIONS
5
g
4 8 4 8
y
x
4
8
4
8
0
y =
1
x
Domain x , x 0, Range y , y 0
h
1 1 2
1
y
x
3
2
4
6
8
5
7
2 0
y = e
x
Domain x , Range y > 0
i
y
x
4
8
4
6
10
2
2
6
10
8
4 2 6 4 2 6 8
0
y =
1
x + 2
Domain x , x 2, Range y , y 0
j
10 10 20
y
x
4
2
6
10
8
4
6
10
2
8
0
y =
x + 4
x 2
Domain x , x 2, Range y , y 1
k
1 3 1 3
y
x
4
4
8
7 5
0
y =
x
2
9
x + 3
Domain x , x 3, Range y , y 6
l
1 3 1 3
0.5
y
x
1
1.5
2
2 4 6 5 4 5 2 0
y =
2
x
2
+ 1
Domain x , Range 0 < y 2
Exercise 1E
1 a i f (7) = 7 2 = 5
ii f (3) = 3 2 = 5
iii f (
1
2
) =
1
2
2 = 1
1
2

iv f (0) = 0 2 = 2
v f (a) = a 2
b i f (3) = 3(7) = 21
ii f (3) = 3(3) = 9
iii f (
1
2
) = 3(
1
2
) = 1
1
2
iv f (0) = 3(0) = 0
v f (a) = 3(a) = 3a
c i f (7) =
1
4
7
4
7 =
ii f (3) =
1
4
3
4
3 =
iii f (
1
2
) =
1
4
1
2
1
8
=
iv f (0) =
1
4
0 0 =
v f (a) =
1
4 4
= a
a
d i f (7) = 2(7) + 5 = 19
ii f (3) = 2(3) + 5 = 1
iii f (
1
2
) = 2(
1
2
) + 5 = 6
iv f (0) = 2(0) + 5 = 5
v f (a) = 2(a) + 5 = 2a + 5
e i f (7) = 7
2
+ 2 = 51
ii f (3) = (3)
2
+ 2 = 11
iii f (
1
2
) = (
1
2
)
2
+ 2 = 2
1
4
iv f (0) = (0)
2
+ 2 = 2
v f (a) = (a)
2
+ 2 = a
2
+ 2
2 a f (a) = (a)
2
4 = a
2
4
b f (a + 5) = (a + 5)
2
4 = a
2
+ 10a + 25 4
= a
2
+ 10a + 21
c f (a 1) = (a 1)
2
4 = a
2
2a + 1 4
= a
2
2a 3
d f (a
2
2) = (a
2
2)
2
4 = a
4
4a
2
+ 4 4
= a
4
4a
2
e f (5 a) = (5 a)
2
4 = 25 10a + a
2
4
= a
2
10a + 21
3 a g(x) = 3, so 4 x 5 = 3
4 x = 8
x = 2
Worked solutions: Chapter 1 Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute
WORKED SOLUTIONS
6
b h(x) = 15
7 2x = 15
2x = 8
x = 4
c g(x) = h(x), so 4 x 5 = 7 2x
4x + 2x = 7 + 5
6x = 12
x = 2
4 a h( ) = =

3
1
3 6
1
9
b x = 6, as the denominator is zero and h(x) is
undened.
5 a f (5) = 5
3
= 125
b The volume of a cube of side 5
6 a i g( ) . 6 4 75
3 6 1
6 2
19
4
= = =
( ) +
( )
ii g( ) . = = =
( ) +
( )

2 1 25
3 2 1
2 2
5
4
iii g( ) . 0 0 5
3 0 1
0 2
1
2
= = =
( ) +
( )
iv g

= = =
1
3
3
1
3
1
1
3
2
0
7
3
0
b i g( ) 1 4
3 1 1
1 2
4
1
= = =
( ) +
( )
ii g( . )
.
.
.
.
1 5 11
3 1 5 1
1 5 2
5 5
0 5
= = =
( ) +
( )
iii g( . )
.
.
.
.
1 9 67
3 1 9 1
1 9 2
6 7
0 1
= = =
( ) +
( )
iv g( . )
.
.
.
.
1 99 697
3 1 99 1
1 99 2
6 97
0 01
= = =
( ) +
( )
v g( . )
.
.
.
.
1 999 6997
3 1 999 1
1 999 2
6 997
0 001
= = =
( ) +
( )
vi g( . )
.
.
.
.
1 9999 69997
3 1 9999 1
1 9999 2
6 9997
0 0001
= = =
( ) +
( )
c The value of g(x) is getting increasingly
smaller as x approaches 2.
d 2 because the denominator equals zero when
x = 2. Division by zero is undened.
e
4 8
y
f
x
10
20
10
20
12 16 4 8
0
There is a vertical asymptote at x = 2, as
x = 2 makes the denominator zero and
g(x) is undened.
7 a The initial velocity occurs when t = 0.
V(0) = (0
2
9) ms
1
= 9 ms
1
b V(4) = (4
2
9) ms
1
= 7 ms
-1
c V(10) = (10
2
9) ms
1
= 91 ms
1

d The particle comes to rest when V(t) = 0.
t
2
9 = 0 t
2
= 9 t = 3s.
8 a f h
h h h
h
h h h
h
h
h
( ) 2 1
2 2
2 2
+ = = = =
+ ( ) + ( ) + ( ) + +
b
( ) ( ) ( )) + + +
+ +
+ = = = =
3 3
3 3
(3 ) 1
h h h
h h h h
h h h
f h
Exercise 1F
1 a f g D ( )( ) = + ( ) = 3 3 3 1 12
b f g D ( )( ) = + ( ) = 0 3 0 1 3
c f g D ( ) ( ) = + ( ) = 6 3 6 1 15
d f g x x x D ( )( ) = + ( ) = + 3 1 3 3
e g f D ( )( ) = ( ) ( )
+ = 4 3 4 1 13
f g f D ( )( ) = ( ) ( )
+ = 5 3 5 1 16
g
g f D ( ) ( ) = ( ) ( )
+ = 6 3 6 1 17
h g f x x x D ( )( ) = ( ) ( )
+ = + 3 1 3 1
i f h D ( )( ) = ( ) +
( )
= 2 3 2 2 18
2
j
h f D ( )( ) = ( ) ( )
+ = 2 3 2 2 38
2
k f h x x x D ( )( ) = ( ) +
( )
= + 3 2 3 6
2
2
l h f x x x D ( )( ) = ( ) ( )
+ = + 3 2 9 2
2
2
m g h D ( )( ) = ( ) +
( )
+ = 3 3 2 1 12
2
n h g D ( )( ) = + ( ) + = 3 3 1 2 18
2
o g h x x x D ( )( ) = ( ) +
( )
+ = +
2
2
2 1 3
p h g x x D ( )( ) = + ( ) + = 1 2
2
x
2
+ 2x + 3
2 a g f D ( )( ) = ( )
( )
= 1 3 1 1 3
2
b g f t t t D ( )( ) = ( )
( )
= 3 1 4
2
2
c g f D ( )( ) = ( )
( )
= 4 3 4 1 12
2
d f g D ( )( ) = ( ) ( )
= 3 3 3 1 1
2
e g f D ( )( ) = ( )
( )
= 3 3 3 1 5
2
f f g D ( ) ( ) = ( ) ( )
= 4 3 4 1 48
2
g f g x x D ( ) + ( ) = + ( ) ( )
= 1 3 1 1
2
(2 x)
2
1
= (4 2x + x
2
) 1 = 3 4x + x
2
h ( )( ) ( ) ( )
+ = + D
2
2 3 2 1 f g x x = (1 x)
2
1
= (1 2x + x
2
) 1 = x
2
2x
Worked solutions: Chapter 1 Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute
WORKED SOLUTIONS
7
3 a f g x x D ( )( ) = + ( ) = 2
2
x
2
+ 4x + 4
b f g D ( )( ) = ( ) +
( )
= 3 3 2
2
25
4 a f g x x x D ( )( ) = +
( )
= + 5 1 5 5
2 2
b g f x x D ( )( ) = ( ) + = 5 1
2
25x
2
+ 1
5 a g h x x D ( )( ) = ( ) + = 4 3
2
x
2
8x + 19
b h g x x D ( )( ) = +
( )
=
2
3 4 x
2
1
c x
2
8x + 19 = x
2
1
8x + 19 = 1
8x = 18
x = 2.5
6 r s x x D ( )( ) = ( ) =
2
4 x
2
4
Domain x , Range y 4
Exercise 1G
1 The following have inverse functions. b, c.
a No inverse function. Horizontal line crosses
the graph twice.
y
0 x
2 1 1 2 3 5 4
2
1
3
5
7
4
6
b Has an inverse function. Any horizontal line
crosses the graph once only.
1 2 3 4
1
1
3
2
2
3
4
5
6
7
2 1 3 5 4 6
y
0 x
a
c Has an inverse function. Any horizontal line
crosses the graph once only.

y
0
x
2 1 3 5 4 6
2
3
1
d No inverse function. Horizontal line crosses
the graph more than once.
y
0
x
2 1 3 4 2 1 3 5 4
2
1
2 a
4 8 4 8
y
x
4
8
4
8
0
b
4 8 4 8
y
x
4
8
4
8
0
c
4 8 4 8
y
x
4
8
4
8
0
d
4 8 4 8
y
x
4
8
4
8
0
e
0
2 1 3
y
x
4
8
4
4 2 1 3 4
Worked solutions: Chapter 1 Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute
WORKED SOLUTIONS
8
f
2 1 3
y
x
4
6
2
4
4 5 2 3 1
0
Exercise 1H
1 a i g(1) = 2(1) 4 = 2 and

( )( )
( ) ( ) +
+
= = = D
2 1 4 4
2 4
2 2
1 1 f g
ii f ( ) = =
+
3
3 4
2
1
2
and
( )( )
+ | | | |
| |
\ . \ .
= = = D
3 4 1
2 2
3 2 4 2 4 3 g f
iii f g x x
x
D
( )( )
( ) ( ) +
= =
2 4 4
2
iv g f x x
x
D
( )( )
+

= = 2 4
4
2
b they are inverses of each other
2 a x y
x y
y
f x
x
x
=
+ =
=
=
+
+

3 1
1 3
1
3
1
3
1
( )
b x y
x y
x y
g x x
=
+ =
+ =
= +

3
3
3
1 3
2
2
2
2 ( )
c x y
x y
x y
h x x
= +
=
=
=

1
4
1
4
5
5
4 5
4 5
1
( )
( ) ( )
d x y
x y
x y
f x x
=
+ =
+ ( ) =
= + ( )

3
3
3
1
3
3
3
3
3 ( )
e x
x
y
g x
y
y
x
x
=
+ =
=
=
+
+

1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
1
( )
f x y
x y
y
y
h x
x
x
x
= +
=
=
=
=

2 3
3 2
3
3
3
1
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
3
( )
g x
x y y
x xy y
x y xy
x y x
y
f x
y
y
x
x
x
x
=
+ =
+ =
=
=
=
=
+
( )

3
3
1
3
1
3
3
3
3 1
1
( )
( )
h x
x y y
x xy y
x y xy
x y x
y
f x
y
y
x
x
x
x
=
=
=
= +
= +
=
=

( )
+

2
5
5
2
5
5 2
5 2
5 2
5 2
1
( )
( )
++ 2
3 a x = 1 y
y + x = 1
y = 1 x
f
1
(x) = 1 x
b x = y
f
1
(x) = x
c x =
1
y

xy = 1
y =
1
x
f
1
(x) =
1
x
4 a f (x) = 6 x
x = 6 y
x 6 = y
6 x = y
f
1
(x) = 6 x
f
1
(5) = 6 5 = 1
b f (x) =
10
7 x +
x
y
y
f x
f
y
x
x
x
=
+ =
=
=
= =
+

10
7
10
10
10
10
5
7
7
7
5 7 5
1
1
( )
( )
c
f x
x
y
y
y
f x
x
y
x
x
x
x
( )
( )
=
=
=
= +
= +
= +

2
4 3
2
4 3
2
2
1
4
2
1
4
2
4 3
4 3
3
3
1

= =

= + f
1
5 3
1
4
2
5
1
4
17
5
17
20
( )
5 f x
x
x y y
xy x y
xy y x
y x x
x
x
y
y
( )
( )
( )
=
=
= +
= +
= +
= +
+

1
2
1
2
2 1
2 1
2 1
1 2 1
yy
f x
x
x
x
x
=
=
+

2 1
1
2 1
1
1
( )
6 x 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
f (x) 0.125 0.25 0.5 1 2 4 8 16 32 64
0
2
y
x
4
8
4
4 2
Worked solutions: Chapter 1 Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute
WORKED SOLUTIONS
9
d f (x). Domain x , Range y > 0
f
1
(x). Domain x > 0, Range y .
7 g(x) = x has domain x 0.
First, nd g
1
(x):
x = y , x 0
x
2
= y, x 0
g
1
(x) = x
2
, x 0
The graph of g
1
(x) is shown below.

y
x
g
1
(x)
0
You can see that g
1
(x) has domain x 0
range g
1
(x) 0.
Now, the graph of f (x) = x
2
is shown below:
y
x
f(x)
0
You can see that f (x) has domain x
range f (x) 0.
Hence, f (x) and g
1
(x) are different.
8 Let f (x) = mx + c.
x = my + c
x c = my

x c
m m
= y
f
1
(x) =
1
m
c
m
x
For graphs of f(x) and f
1
(x) to be perpendicular,
m
m

1
should be 1 but m
m

1
= 1.
Exercise 1I
1 a
4 2 6
y
x
4
6
2
8
4
2
8 4 2 8 6
0
b
2
4
y
x
4
6
4
2
0
6
4 8 2 2 6 8 6
c
4 8 2 6
2
0
y
x
4
6
4
2
4 8 2 6
d
4 8 2 6
2
y
x
4
6
4
2
4
0
8 2 6
e
4 8
2
y
x
6
4
4
0
8 10
f
4 8 2 6
2
y
x
4
8
6
10
4
2
6
4
0
8
8 2 6
g
10 15
2
y
x
4
6
4
2
10
0
15
2 g is a vertical translation of 2 units, so
g(x) = f (x) + 2.
h is is a vertical translation of 4 units, so
h(x) = f (x) 4.
q is a horizontal stretch of scale factor 2, so
q(x) = f (
1
2
x).
3 q is a horizontal translation of 4 and a vertical
translation of 2, so q(x) = f (x + 4) 2
r is a reection in the x axis, so r(x) = f (x).
s is a horizontal translation of 4, so
s(x) = f (x + 4).
t is a horizontal translation of 2, so t(x) = f (x 2).
4
2
2
y
f(x)
x
4
2
2 0 4 6
This is the graph of f (x). It has domain 4 x 2
It has range 2 f (x) 3
Worked solutions: Chapter 1 Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute
WORKED SOLUTIONS
10
a 2f (x 5) is a horizontal translation of 5,
followed by a vertical stretch of scale
factor 2.

4
4
y
x
2
6
8
4
2
4
0
8 2 6 8 2 6
f(x)
2f(x 5)
2f (x 5) has domain 1 x 7, and has range
4 2f (x 5) 6.
b f (2x) + 3 is a horizontal stretch of scale
factor
1
2
followed by reection in the
x-axis, followed by a vertical translation of 3.

4
4
y
x
2
6
8
4
2
4
0
8 6 8 2 6
f(x)
f(2x) + 3
f (2x) + 3 has domain 2 x 1, and has
range 0 y 5.
5 a f (x + 1) is a horizontal translation of f (x) by
1 units.
y
2
4
0
x
2 4 2 4
2
4
A
1
g
f
b f (x) + 1 is a vertical translation of
f (x) by +1 unit.
y
2
4
0
x
2 4 2 4
2
4
A
1
A g
f
c f (x) is a reection of f (x) in the y-axis.
y
2
4
0 x
2 4 2 4
2
4
A
1
A
g
f
d 2f (x) is a vertical stretch of f (x) by scale factor 2.
y
2
4
0 x
2 4 2 4
2
4
A
1
A
g
f
e f (x 2) + 3 is a horizontal translation of f (x) by
2 units, followed by a vertical translation of 3
units.
y
2
4
0 x
2 4 8 2 4 6 8 10
2
4
6
A
1
A
g
f
6 a Reection in the x-axis.
b Horizontal translation of 3 units.
c A vertical stretch of scale factor 2 followed by
a reection in the x-axis and then a vertical
translation of 5 units.
7
2
0
4 1 3
2
y
x
a
b
1
3
5
4
2 4 1 3
g(x) is a horizontal translation of f (x) by 3 units,
followed by a vertical translation of 2 units.
Review exercise
1 a g(a 2) = 4(a 2) 5 = 4a 8 5
= 4a 13.
b h x
x
x
x
x
1
1 1
1 1
2
= =
( )
+ ( )

( )
2 a f (x 3) = 2(x 3)
2
3(x 3) + 1
= 2x
2
12x + 18 3x + 9 + 1
= 2x
2
15x + 28
b f g x x x x D ( )( ) =
( )
+ = + = + 2 1 7 2 2 7 2 9
2 2 2

Worked solutions: Chapter 1 Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute
WORKED SOLUTIONS
11
3 a f x
x
x y
x y
y
f x
x
y
x
x
( )
( )
=
=
= +
=
=
=
+
+

3 17
2
3 17
2
2 17
3
2 17
3
2 3 17
2 17 3
1
b
g x x
x y
x y
y
y
g x
x
x
x
( )
( )
= +
= +
=
=
=
=

2 3
2 3
3 2
3
3
3
3
1
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
3
4 f x x
x y
x y
x y
x y
( )
( )
=
=
+ =
+ =
=

1
5
1
5
1
5
1
1
1
5 1
5 5
f x x

=
1
5 5 ( )
0
2
y
x
4
2
4
6
2 4 2 4 6 6
6
(0,1)
f
5 a f x x
x y
x y
y
f x
x
x
( )
( )
= +
= +
=
=
=

3 5
3 5
5 3
5
3
5
3
1
b

= +
= +
= +
=
=
3
3
3
3
1 3
( ) 2
2
2
2
( ) 2
f x x
x y
x y
x y
f x x
6 Reect each graph in the line y = x
a
0
2 4
2
y
x
4
2
4
2
(0,1)
f
b
1 1
1
y
x
1
3
2
2
4
3
2
0
7 a Domain x ,Range y 0
b Domain x , x 3, Range y , y 0
8 a Reect in the y-axis. f (x) = x
Vertical stretch scale factor 2. f (x) = 2x
Horizontal stretch scale factor
1
3
. f (x) = 2(3x)
Translate 3 units left. f (x) = 2(3x + 3)
Translate 2 units up. f (x) = 2(3x + 3) + 2
Expand and simplify. f (x) = 6x 4 = 2(3x +2)
b Reect in the x axis. f (x) = (x
2
)
Stretch vertically by scale factor
1
4
.
f x
x
( ) = ( )
1
4
2
Stretch horizontally scale factor 3. f x x ( ) =

1
4
1
3
2
Translate 5 units right.
| |

|
\ .
=
2
1 1
4 3
( ) 5 f x x
Translate 1 unit down.
| |

|
\ .
=
2
1 1
4 3
( ) 5 1 f x x
9 a The graph of an inverse function is the
reection of the graph of the original function
in the line y = x.
b Graph a line with a y-intercept of 3 and slope
of 2. Draw the line y = x. To graph its inverse,
sketch the mirror image of the original line.
4 8 4
y
y = 2x + 3
y = x
x
8
6
4
4
2
2
8
6
2 6 6 8 2
0
y = x
1
2
3
2
10 a g (0) = 3(0) 2 = 2
b f g D ( )( ) = ( ) + = + = 0 2 2 3 16 3 13
3
c f x x
x y
x y
y
f x
x
x
( ) = +
= +
=
=
=

( )

2 3
2 3
3 2
3
3
3
3
1
3
2
3
2
3
11 a f (x) is a reection of f (x) in the line x = 0.

2
0
1
2
y
x
4
3
1
5
2 4 3 1
b g(x) =
1
2
f (x 1) describes the transformation:
Horizontal translation by 1 unit, followed by
vertical stretch, scale factor
1
2
. so P is (4, 1)
12 a ( f

g) (x) = 3(x + 2) = 3x + 6
b f
1
(x) =
x
3
and g
1
(x) = x 2
f
1
(12) =
12
3
= 4
g
1
(12) = 12 2 = 10
f
1
(12) + g
1
(12) = 4 + 10
f
1
(12) + g
1
(12) = 14
13 a (h

g) (x) =
3 2 1
2 1 2
( ) x
x

( )
=
6 3
2 3
x
x

b
6 3
2 3
1
2
0
6 3 0
6 3
x
x
x
x
x

=
=
=
=
Worked solutions: Chapter 1 Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute
WORKED SOLUTIONS
12
Review exercise
1 Domain: x 2 Range: y > 0
2
2
0
4 1 3
y
x
4
2
6
10
8
12
14
16
4
2
2 4 1 3
Domain: x Range: y 4
3 y
4
6
2
8
0 x
2 3 5 1 4 6 2 1
4
2
6
10
8
12
Domain: x , x 2 Range: y , y 0
4 a
y
2
6
8
4
0
x
1 2 3 1 2
2
4
8
6
b x-intercept 1.5, y-intercept 3.
5 a
y
0 x
2 4 6 2 4 6
2
4
6
b 0
c Domain: x , x 0. Range: y > 0.
6 a x = 2, y = 2.
b
y
4
8
0 x
f
4 8 12 4 8 12
4
8
12
16
c (2.5, 0), (0, 2.5)
7 a
1 2 3 1 2 3
y
2
4
6
0 x
2
4
6
b 2
8 a f (x) = x
3
3
x = y
3
3
x + 3 = y
3

y = x +3
3
f
1
(x) = x +3
3
b y
2
4
0 x
2 4 6 2 4 6
2
4
6
c 1.67
9
10
y
0
x
x = 1
y = 1
2 1 3 5 4 2 1
10
20
Worked solutions: Chapter 1 Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute
WORKED SOLUTIONS
13
10 a f (x) = 3x 2
x = 3y 2
x + 2 = 3y
y =
x + 2
3
f
1
(x) =
x + 2
3
b ( g
1

f ) (x) = (3x 2) + 3 = 3x + 1
c f g
x x

( )
+
= =
1
3 2
3
1
3
D
( )
d f g x g f x

( )
( )
( )
( ) =
1 1
D D , so

x
x

= +
1
3
3 1

x x
x x
x
x
= +
= +
=
=

1 3 3 1
1 9 3
8 4
1
2
( )
e
y
y = 3
x = 3
4
2
0 x
4 2 6 4 2 6 8
4
2
6
10
8
12
f x = 3, y = 3