Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________

ID: A

AP Chemistry Topic 14 Test - Acids & Bases

Free Response 1. HC3H5O2(aq) C3H5O2(aq) + H+(aq) Ka = 1.34 x 105

Propanoic acid, HC3H5O2, ionizes in water according to the equation above. (a) Write the equilibrium-constant expression for the reaction. (1pt)

(b) Calculate the pH of a 0.265 M solution of propanoic acid. (3pts)

(c) A 0.496 g sample of sodium propanoate NaC3H5O2, is added to a 50.0 mL sample of a 0.265 M solution of propanoic acid. Assuming that no change in the volume of the solution occurs, calculate each of the following. (i) The concentration of the propanoate ion, C3H5O2(aq), in the solution. (2pts)

(ii) The concentration of the H+(aq) ion in the solution. (1pt)

The methanoate ion, HCO2(aq), reacts with water to form methanoic acid and hydroxide ion, as show in the following equation. HCO2(aq) + H2O(l) HCO2H(aq) + OH(aq) (d) Given that [OH] is 4.18 x 10-6 M in a 0.309 M solution of sodium methanoate, calculate each of the following. (i) The value of Kb for the methanoate ion, HCO2(aq). (1pt)

(ii) The value of Ka for methanoic acid, HCO2H. (1pt)

(e) Which acid is stronger, propanoic acid or methanoic acid? Justify your answer. (1pt)

Name: ________________________ 2. Write the net ionic equation and answer the question that follows for each question below: (a) (i) Solid aluminum hydroxide is added to a concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide. (4pts)

ID: A

(ii) Which species acts as a Lewis base in this reaction? (1pt)

(b) (i) Solid calcium carbonate is added to a solution of ethanoic (acetic) acid. (4pts)

(ii) What test could be used to identify the gas formed during this reaction? (1pt)

. 3. A sample of the weak acid HOCl is titrated with NaOH. (a) Write an equation of the hydrolysis reaction that takes place after the initial neutralization reaction occurs to form a salt and water. Indicate whether this would cause the equivalence point to lie above, at, or below pH of 7.(2pts)

(b) Sketch a graph of the titration if the pH of the acid is being monitered as the hydroxide is being added via a buret. The axes should be labelled as pH vs. volume NaOH and the equivalence point indicated. (4pts)

(c) Suggest an indicator that would be appropriate for this titration and describe the color change that would be observed. How would selecting the wrong indicator affect the titration? (2 pts)

(d) Using your knowledge of the Henderson-Hasselbach equation, describe how would we be able to approximate the value of Ka using a titration curve. Label your graph to indicate the position of the pKa value. (2pts)