Some American indians grew corn, sunflowers, squash, beans, and pumpkins in garden plots (sebidang).

To prepare a garden plot, they first killed the trees there by cutting off a ring of bark (kulit kayu) to kill the tree. Then they scratched the ground with a stone hoe or with the bone of a deer or buffalo, or they used a stick sharpened in the fire. Some Indians put a dead fish into the hole where they planted the corn in order to provide food for the corn plant. 1. This story is mainly about__. a. hunting. d. vegetables. b. fishing e. fertilizers c. farming.

2. The dead fish in the story was used ...... a. to keep away wild animals. c. to put out a fire. e. as offerings to god

b. to provide food. d. as bait.

3. The tools used by the Indian to grow plants were made of . a. stone, wood, iron b. stone, steel, bone c. stone, bone, iron d. stone, bone, wood e. stone, steel, iron 4. Which of these is not mentioned in the story? a. Tomatoes b. Corn d. Pumpkins e. beans c. Squash

Electricity must be generated. It can be supplied from two major sources: battery or powerstation. In a battery, chemicals produce electricity. The electricity can then be used to light a torch, to start a car or to operate a transistor radio. Power stations convert energy from many different sources, coal, oil, and nuclear fuels are all used to produce electricity. Water is another source of energy. Water can be taken from a reservoir to drive generator. This process is called hydro electricity. The movement of water to and from the sea is also used to generate electricity. This is called tidal power. The world's coal and oil supplies are diminishing other sources of energy are needed. Sunlight, wind, and waves wili help to provide useful energy. 5. The main idea of the third paragraph is . a. Energy that is produced by power stations b. Power stations convert many different sources of energy c. Power stations convert energy to produce electricity d. To produce electricity we need many kinds of energy e. Coal, oil, and nuciear fuels are the only source of energy 6. The world's coal and oil supplies are diminishing. The underlined word means ..... a. becoming lower b. becoming deeper c. becoming larger d. becoming bigger e. becoming less 7. We can ......... electricity to light a torch a. using b. be used d. use e. used c. be using

At any ocean beach you can see the water rise up toward high tide. Something is pulling the water up. We now know that the moon is doing the pulling. How can it be pulled? We call the pull gravitation. All matter everywhere pulls all other matter everywhere. The bigger the object, the greater the pull. The moon is big enough to pull the earth, and it pulls the water on the earth. The moon pulls the water facing the moon. When you see high tide, you know that the moon is pulling the water up.

8. When you drop something, and it falls to the ground, it falls because of. a. the moon. b. gravitation. c. its size. d. the sun. e. high tide 9. High tide is caused by ..... a. gravitation. b. all matter everywhere. d. the water. e. the beach 10. The moon pulls ..... a. all matter. d. the tides. c. the earth.

b. water only. e. the gravitation

c. the earth only.

11. if the earth did not spin, ... a. there would be no tides. c. the earth would not pull the moon. e. the gravitation would be greater

b. the moon would not pull the water. d. there would be no gravitation.

All plants need to grow. They get this water from the soil. In some places nature supplies all the water that is needed. But in other places, people must find ways to supplement nature's supply. The systems of supplying water to ensure proper growth of plants and to increase the yield of crops is called irrigation. The use of irrigation is one of the most important agricultural practice ever developed. Only about 15 percent of the world's farmland is irrigated. But the irrigated land produces a much larger percentage of the world's food supply. Irrigation is practised on every continent except Antarctica. Irrigation is used to supplement rainfall. Even in humid areas, irrigation is needed to grow certain crops. For example, rice fields must be flooded until harvest time. 12. Where do plants get water from? a. the soil d. rainfall 13. The main purpose of irrigation is ..... a. to absorb water c. to grow certain crops e. to obtain water for a reservoir b. flood e. Antarctica b. to store water d. to make plants grow c. humid areas

14. Which of the following statements is true according to the text? a. Irrigation is used in addition to rainfall. b. Nature supplies all the water everywhere. c. In the rainy season we don't need irrigation. d. Irrigation is well developed in Antarctica.); e. Ail the world's farmland use irrigation. 15. The second paragraph is about . a. the use of irrigation c. how to irrigate rice fields e. the ways to supplement nature's supply b. the world's food supply d. the importance of agricultural practice

16. Even in humid areas, irrigation is needed to grow certain crops. The underlined word mean a. hard b. dry c. damp d. wet e. soft 17. "The practise of supplying water to ensure proper growth .. (p.2). The synonym of "proper" is a. true b. good c. effective d. right e. safe.

Cameroon is a West African country of ten million people which has been very successful in growing food for its people, unlike many other West African countries. Since 1971 it has doubled its output of major foodstuffs such as maize and potatoes. Now it is one of the few African countries able to feed itself. This was not the case five years ago when the country was only 7580% self-sufficient in food. Although isolated pockets of hunger still remain, the World Bank nowadays gives Cameroon money to sustain, not to achieve, self-sufficiency in food production. 18. The text tells us about a. West African countries c. major foodstuffs in West Africa e. food self-sufficiency b. Cameroon's ability to feed its people d. Cameroon's food production

19. 'Which of the following statements is TRUE about Cameroon? a. The World Bank financially supports Cameroon to maintain its self-sufficiency. b. Cameroon is the biggest and richest country among West African countries. c. It was the World Bank which financed the production of food in Cameroon. d. Similar to other West African countries, Cameroon has always been self-sufficient. e. Cameroon has succeeded in its food production because of the fertility of its soil Rain is advantageous because it brings water for all living things. But rain can be disastrous, too, because too much rain will cause floods which can wash away people, houses and other valuable properties. The following is how rain is formed. The air is filled with tiny particles known as Vapour'. Vapour is actually the gaseous form of water. Vapour is a part of air. The air around us is constantly moving because the air near the surface of the earth is hotter and lighter. This is why this air rises. The air higher up in the sky is cold and heavy, so it sinks. The rising of hot air and the sinking of cold water cause the air to move. When the hot air rises to a certain level, the vapour presents in it, cools and changes to water. This is known as 'condensation'. When the water particles are too heavy for the air to carry, the air is said to be 'oversaturated'. The water particles then fall as rain. 20. The air cannot carry the water particles as they are so ... that they fall as rain. a. hot b. tiny c. light d. heavy e. constant 21. What happens after the air is saturated? a. It falls as rain. c. The air rises in the sky. e. The hot air rises at a certain level. 22. What is bad about rain? a. It makes the sky cold. c. It makes the weather hot. e. It damages valuable properties. 23. What is the purpose of the text? a. To explain how rain is formed. c. To amuse readers with the information. e. to persuade readers to prevent much rain. b. Vapour fills the air. d. The air is constantly moving.

b. It washes away waste. d. It damages useless properties.

b. To share experience in a rainy season. d. To warn people about the danger of rain,

In almost all developing countries, the lack of adequate supplies of cheap, convenient and reliable fuel is a major problem. Rural communities depend largely on kerosene, wood and dung (kotoran hewan) for their cooking and lighting needs. But kerosene is now priced out of reach of many people and wood, except in heavily forested areas, is in short supply. The search for firewood occupies a large part of the working day and has resulted in widespread deforestation. Dung is in constant supply wherever there are farm animals and, when dried, it is convenient to store and use. But burning dung destroys its value as fertilizer, thus depriving (menghilangkan) the soil of a much needed source Of humus and nitrogen.

Rural areas of developing countries are also plagued (tercemar) by a lack of adequate sanitation. Improper waste disposal spreads disease, contaminates water sources and provides breeding grounds for disease-carrying insects. The problems of improving environmental hygiene, conserving resources, and finding alternative sources of fuel may be unrelated. Their solutions, however, are not, as many countries experimenting with biogas technology are discovering. Biogas, a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide, is produced by the fermentation of organic matter. The process of anaerobic fermentation is a natural one, occurring whenever living matter decomposes. By keeping the matter - and the process - in a digester or biogas plant, the combustible (mudah terbakar) gas can be trapped and used as fuel for household lighting and cooking. The digested slurry (tersedot) that remain?, can be used on the land as a soil conditioner and fertilizer. 24. What is the text mainly about? a. Socio-economic problems in developing countries b. The process of producing biogas c. The effect of burning dung on the soil d. Biogas as a solution to many problems e. The disadvantages of using dung as fuel 25. What are the two main problems mentioned the text? a. Pollution and the high price of fuel b. Widespread deforestation and the use of dung c. The lack of adequate fuel and hygienic conditions d. The lack of humus and nitrogen in the soil e. Contaminated water sources and rural areas. 26. The disadvantage of traditional fuels used in developing countries is that they . a. reduce people's energy b. are difficult to extract c. make the soil poor d. do not meet people needs e. cause damage to the environment 27. The main factor causing the lack of adequate sanitation is .... a. the domestic use of biogas b. the great number of farm animals c. the pollution of water sources d. the badly-managed waste disposal e. the increase of disease-carrying insects 28. Why is the digested slurry of the fermented .organic matter considered valuable? a. It improves the quality of the soil for agriculture.. b. It increases the export from developing countries, c. It is considered a relatively cheap fertilizer. d. It is the best fertilizer in the world. e. It can be used as fuel-for cooking. Indonesia is the largest archipelago and the fifth most populous country in the world, consisting of five main lands and thirty smaller island groups. It has a total of 13,677 islands of which about 6,000 are inhabited. It stretches 5,120 kilometers between the Australia and Asian continental mainlands and divides the Pacific and Indian Ocean at the equator. There are numerous places of interest in Indonesia. We will mention a few of them here. Lake Toba, which is situated in the center of the Bukit Barisan mountain range, is an interesting mountain resort with Samosir island in the center of the lake, it boasts many modern hotels and facilities for watersports such as boating, waterskiing and swimming. In West Sumatra, the center of culture and tourism is Bukit Tinggi, situated in the highlands north of the provinciai capital of Padang. West Sumatra island of scenic beauty with green lakes and blue mountains. Java has a great number of attractions, including the world-re newed Botanic Gardens in Bogor, the wild life reserve of Ujung Kulon on the southwest part of the island. Borobudur, a gigantic Buddhist shrine (tempat suci) is situated 42 kilometers northhwest of Yogyakarta and

the Ijen crater lies in East Java and displays hot springs, waterfalls and free-roaming deer as well as the sulphur crater itself. A three-hour drive from Surabaya and then a pony ride from village of Ngadisari over a sea of sand will take you to Mount Bromo. It is an active volcano with sulphur fumes and smoke still eminating from its depths. The inhabitants of the surrounding areas believe in the God of Bromo and bring offerings to his deity (dewata). Bali is different from the rest of Indonesia because of its unique form of Hinduism called "Hindu Dharma". Religion is the main source of traditional customs in family and community life. The soul of Balinese is religion, and it finds its expression in art. Many articles and books have been written on Bali. Ambon lies in the heart of many interesting islands. There are about a thousand islands in the area, most of them with excellent beaches, reefs and sea-scapes. The underwater gardens of Maluku are magnificent, with their corals, sea-horses, sea-urchins and a great variety of colorful fish. Glass-bottom boats will take tourists on a beautiful tour of the sea gardens but people can go ski diving to admire (mengagumi) them. 29. Names like 'islands of a thousand temples' and 'islands of gods' shows visitors that is an important part of life in Bali. a. beaches b. dances c. temples d. ceremonies d. religion 30. Religious ceremonies in Bali is one of customs that ........ foreigners. a. motivates b. stimulates c. bores d. attracts e. influences 31. Total number of islands in Indonesia is a. 33,677 b. 13,667 d. 13,676 d. 16,677 32. What is known as the Balinese' soul? a. religion b. traditional custom d. statues e. arts 33. Archipelago" means a group of ....... a. beaches and reefs c. places of interest e. oceans b. islands d. seas c. 13,677

c. temples

34. Indonesia is the world's largest archipelago ........... between two continents, Asia and Australia a. spotting b. intending c. depicting (melukiskan) d. extending e. blocking 35. Lake Toba situated in the center of the mountains range Bukit Barisan is an interesting mountain ......... a. culture b. bustling (kesibukan) c. experience d. resort e. lake One has vegetables, but wants fruit. Another man has a great deal of fruits, but wants some vegetables. So the first man gives some of his vegetables to the second man, and the second man gives some of his fruit. He has exchanged the vegetables for the fruit. They are happy now. Trade has made them happy. People have always traded. Why have they traded ? They have traded because they have wanted a better life. At first people exchanged their things for other things. How people buy and sell things they trade for money. Many foreigners have come to Indonesia for trade. The first traders come for spices. That was a very long time ago. Now the traders come here for many other things. What has trade with other countries brought to us ? It has brought the things that we do not make. The cars that we drive, the trains that we ride in, and the watches that we wear are examples of these things. It is not hard to understand that they have made life better.

But we can trade only if we have more things than we need. So we have to make or produce more things to sell. We have to produce more oil, more rubber, more tin, and more of other things. We have to produce better things too, because we can get money from them. All of these mean hard work at school, hard work at the office, hard work in the city, hard work in the country, hard work every where. 36. Why have people always traded ? a. Trade has brought the things that we do not make b. They liked to exchange things c. Trade made people busy d. They have wanted more money e. They have wanted a better life 37. Why do we have to produce more things than we need? In order that we can a. get more money b. become rich c. live better d. work hard e. trade 38. Formerly people ......... their things for other things. a. exchanged b. changed d. bought e. sold c. traded

39. Trade has brought the things that we do not make. In which paragraph we can find this main idea? a. the first paragraph b. the second paragraph c. the third paragraph d. the fourth paragraph e. the fifth paragraph 40. People exchanged their things for other things. The word "exchanged" means a. to change something b. to produce something c. to sell and buy something d. to make something better e. to give something and get another thing People from hot sunny countries often find it difficult to imagine how people who live in a very cold climate can live and work through the winter months. These people manage because they know what to ..............(41) in the cold. First, it is very important to keep your head, hands and feet .............. (42). So everyone has a hat, .......... (43) to keep their hands warm and strong boots for their feet. Of course, you have to have a heavy overcoat and ...........(44) wooly sweater under it. A ........... (45) around the neck also helps to keep out the cold. 41. a. use 42. a. hot 43. a. socks 44. a. wet 45. a. tie b. put b. warm b. shorts b. thin b. scarf c. try c. cold c. gloves c. thick c. cloth d. wear d. cool d. trousers d. floral d. shirt e. make e. frozen e. stockings e. striped e. necklace