J.Adachi,T.Hartman,L.Lomas&R.Plumb Schlumberger,Houston,TX,USA I.Gil&M.Sanchez ItascaHouston,Inc.,Houston,TX,USA R.Taghavi ItascaConsultingGroup,Inc.

,Minneapolis,MN,USA

Problemstatement PETREL FLAC3D&the3DShopoption Importinghorizonsinto3DShop Octtreegridgeneration PETRELgridextraction PETRELPropertyextraction Samplecalculations Workflow

AdvancedThreeDimensionalContinuumModeling forGeotechnicalAnalysisofRock,Soil,and StructuralElements NewinFLAC3D:Speed,VirtuallyUnlimitedModel SizeandGeometricalFlexibility. Newin3DShop:Tetrahedralmeshing,Octtree meshing,Booleanoperationsonmeshes

3DShop
Modelling Auto-meshing Simulation

ModelDesign

KUBRIX

FLAC3D

The3DShopoptionofFLAC3D iscomposedof:

ModelDesignfromC4W KUBRIX,fromSimulationWorks

SolidModeling AutomaticHexMeshing

FLAC3DGrids

CADdata

3DECBlocks

GivenaPETRELdatabase(grid,horizons, faults),needworkflowsoftwaretoolstobuild aFLAC3Dmodel. PopulatetheFLAC3Dmodelwithproperties extractedfromthePETREL Complementmissinginformationbyadding themtotheFLAC3Ddatafile

Petroleumdatafilesmaybeverylarge. Rangeofsizes(30to3,000m)requiresanon traditionalmeshingapproach Propertytransfershouldbeconservative Workflowshouldbesimpleandrobust

InPETREL,exporthorizonsinZmapformat UseKUBRIXtodecimate&translatethem intoSTLfiles ReadtheresultingSTLfilesinto3DShop

Shortest edges are sorted and collapsed until a threshold feature angle is reached

Details are conserved

111,976 to 1727 triangles: a 99% reduction

Thegeometryfeaturessizevariationsfrom 30to3,000meters. Traditionalgridgenerationapproaches: tradeoffbetweengridsizeanddistortion FLAC3Disoneoftheonlypackagesthat acceptsdanglingnodes Octtreemeshingisforgivingwithbad geometry

Unbalanced

Balanced

Regions + Boundary

Regions only

U: N ( n + 1 ) = 4 x N ( n)
1000000

100000

10000

1000

U B

100

10

1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Ifapropertyisavailable,itisread PETRELcellpropertiesareweighedbyvolumeof intersection(rezone)andassignedtoFLAC3Delements KUBRIXwritesoutanASCIIfilethecontainstheproperties KUBRIXwritesoutthelocalnormalofallzonesintersecting surfaces(forubiquitousjoint) FLAC3DreadsthepropertyfilewithFISHandassignsthem toeachelement

FLAC3D element

PETREL cell

PA

PB PI

PC

PD PE

PF

PG

PH

P = PA VA + PB VB + PC VC + PD VD + PE VE + PF VF + PG VG + PH VH

Water sandstone 3 mudstone 2 1 2

joint

sandstone mudstone 3

2 1 2

joint

Translates & coarsens Zmap files into triangular patches in 3DShop

zmap file of horizons

PETREL

grid file (contains properties)

Zmap Translator 3DShop Volume Property Translator Octree grid generator

Uses an Octree method to refine a coarse mesh in areas of interest

Mesh (.flac3d) file

Reads volume properties from the grid file and assigns them to individual FLAC3D zones Written by user & containing FISH to read Property file

Property file

FLAC3D

FLAC3D data file

Result

1.

Collectthefollowingitems
1. 2.

Gridfile(mustcontainproperties:porosity,density,etc) Horizonsinthezmapformat(mustcoverthesame geographicregion,alldimensionsinfeet) Kubrix i waterbottom it zmap translate stl (Thisproducesafilecalledx.stl) Rename x.stl to w.stl Kubrix i pleist1 it zmap translate stl mv x.stl p1.stl

2.

Run:

1.

Run3DShop
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Createanewdocument Insertw.stl, p1.stl, p2.stl, u1.stl, u2.stl Savethecompletemodelas: a1.stl Reflecttheentiremodelwithrespecttothez=0plane Savethecompletemodel,again,as: a1.stl

2.

Youhavecreatedtheinputgeometry DeterminetheboxcontainingtheFLAC3Dmesh
Theboxmustnotextendbeyondtheportionofthereservoir representedinthegridfile

Run3DShop
1. 2. 3. 4.

Readina1.stl SelectApplications|kubrix|HexahedralMeshing.TheHexahedral Meshingdialogboxopens ClickonDefaulttoenterdefaultvaluesinallfields EnterthefollowingstringinthefieldmarkedNewKeywords: -mode octree -olevel 5 -obox 1646200 9733000 5220 5800 4100 4000 -app petrel 1. Mode: specifiesthecustomOctreemeshtype 2. Olevel: specifiesthelevelofOctreemeshgeneration 3. Obox: specifiesthepositionofthebox:thefirst3floats arethecoordinatesofthecenteroftheboxandthenext3 indicatethedimensionsofthebox 4. app: specifiesthecustomapplication

ClickonCompute
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

3DShopreadsa1.stl Createsandoctreemeshthatfitsintheboxspecifiedby obox witholevel numberoflevels Parsesthegridfile,extractsthecells Extractstheproperties ComputesthecontributionofeachPETRELcelltoeach FLAC3Delement OutputsPetrelProperties.dat Outputsa1.flac3d

PetrelProperties.dat

a1.flac3d

1. RunFLAC3D 2. RunReadPetrelProperties.fis 3. Removewater 4. Attach face tol 1 5. Complementmissingproperties 6. ManagemodelthroughFISH

ReadingPETRELinnativeformat Workflowsimplification Speedup