Peace Counts

Northern Ireland
Macedonia
Russia
J a pa n
Afghanistan Israel Egypt

Mali
Tour 2004-2006
Thailand Nigeria
Tour 2010
Colombia
P h i l i pp i n e s Sri Lanka
K e n ya dr Congo R wa n d a
Brazil
South africa
Peace Counts has been discovering, documenting and publicizing successful peace projects since 2003. Through the projects work, the achievements of the worlds p e a c e b u i l d e r s b e c o m e f a s c i n at i n g m u lt i m e d i a f e at u r e s . T h i s p o s t e r d i s p l ay i n c o r p o r at e s s o m e o f t h e m o s t m o v i n g s t o r i e s p r o d u c e d t o d at e i n m o r e t h a n 3 0 c o n f l i c t r e g i o n s . The main aim of Peace Counts is to show promising roads to peace but it also e n c o u r a g e s a u d i e n c e s t o g e t i n v o lv e d .
Peace C ou nts is a net work of pa r t ner s. Foremost a mong t hem is t he Z eitenspiegel Agenc y, whose jou r na l ists a nd photog rapher s, a long w it h col leag ues f rom outside t he agenc y, c reate a nd publ ish feat u re stor ies on best prac t ice e xa mples of peacebu i ld i ng worldw ide. Peace C ou nts was i n it iated by M ic hael Gleic h, d i rec tor of t he Adva nced Jou r na l ism Academy. T he I nst it ute for Peace E ducat ion T bi ngen desig ns a nd i mplements t he projec t s educat iona l med ia a nd i ndept h st udy mater ia ls. Beyond t he jou r na l ist ic aspec t Peace C ou nts Report i ng t here a re severa l add it iona l component pro jec ts. Peace C ou nts Sc hool is a prog ra m for G er ma n seconda r y sc hools, wh i le Peace C ou nts Un iver sit y is
a i med at u n iver sit y st udents. Peace C ou nts on Tou r br i ngs t he feat u res to aud iences i n con f l ic t reg ions a rou nd t he world. E ac h component i ncor porates howto work shops on peacebu i ld i ng for g roups suc h as lo ca l opi n ion leader s. T he feat u re stor ies a nd d isplays ser ve as a basis for a l l t he components. Pe ac e C o u nt s on To u r w a s aw a r d e d t he r e now ne d Peter Bec ker P r i ze for Peace St ud ies of t he Un iver sit y of Ma rbu rg i n May 2 0 0 9. Peace C ou nts is suppor ted by t he I nst it ute for Foreig n Cu lt u ra l Relat ions i n St ut tga r t t h rough its z iv i k pro g ra m w it h f u nd i ng f rom t he G er ma n Federa l Foreig n Of f ice as wel l as ot her cooperat ion pa r t ner s.
w w w.peace - cou nts.org
Peace Counts: Zeitenspiegel Reportagen, Institute for Peace Education Tbingen, Advanced Journalism Academy. www.peace-counts.org
Peace Counts
Pe acebuilders Around the World. A global inventory
Brazil
Viva Rio!
T he conflict: Gang war in poor par ts of Rio de Janeiro T he peacebuilders: T he organization V iva Rio T heir solution: Conflict resolution, spor ts, educ ation, and an internet newspaper
In the poor parts of Rio de Janeiro, the drug mafias rule, and they recruit their followers when they are still young. Over the last few years, however, the drug bosses have gotten competition. The organization Viva Rio gathers youth from the street with its sports programs. It gives dropouts a second chance, and it helps them to find a job. When neighbors fight about a construction site, they do not need to turn to the local mafia any more. Instead, the Center for Conflict Resolution takes over this work. There is even an internet newspaper: Vivafavela, which even reports from Cantagalo, when there is no fighting. Viva Rio was founded by researchers, businessleaders, journalists, and social workers a network that can reach anyone in Rio, from drug dealers to the mayor. Photographer: Paul Hahn, laif
Street ballet: Capoeira is the name of the dance, which developed out of former slaves martial arts techniques and is a very popular course in Viva Rios program Hope for Children. A sad record: A policeman with one of 17,000 confiscated guns. In Brazil, 40,000 people are shot per year, which is more than in any other country in the world. The favela: Using a mirror, a policeman keeps watch of what happens in the alleys.
Stormtroopers: Violence is everywhere in the alleys and shacks of the Favelas it can also be ominously seen on the t-shirts of the children, such as on this boys Star Wars t-shirt.
Peace Counts project / Institute for Peace Education Tbingen, www.peace-counts.org, www.peace-education.net
Japan
Open Minds on the Open Sea

T he conflict: Crisis zones on the coasts around the world T he peacebuilders: T he Peace Boat, based in Japan T heir solution: Peace educ ation at sea
Since 1983, the Peace Boat has crossed the worlds oceans three times a year. The students of this floating university analyze the causes and the solutions in different conflict regions where the Peace Boat anchors. Cruise ships normally avoid stopping at des tinations like Eritrea, Bosnia, Colombia, Israel or Vietnam. The passengers of the Peace Boat, on the other hand, disembark and ask speakers to come on board, even consciously choosing those from opposing sides.
Far out on sea, they speak about land mines, refugees, reconstruction and reconciliation. They leave behind the threats from their homelands and seek out honest conversations. The Peace Boat is also a pleasure boat: at the end of a long day full of discussions and workshops, there is dancing, singing to karaoke or simply partying. Photographer: Uli Reinhardt, Zeitenspiegel
Displaying the flags: Before the Peace Boat reaches Istanbuls harbor, a 35-meter long banner is prepared in order to protest the deployment of troops to Iraq.
No easy trip: Students from conflict regions such as Israel, the Palestinian Territories, and Korea openly discuss difficult issues on board.
A survivor from Hiroshima releases a paper crane over the ocean. She often travels on the Peace Boat, in order to tell younger people about the horrors of nuclear war. Relaxing: Drumming is one way to relax until the Peace Boat leaves for the next conflict region.
Israel
Talking Beats Fighting

T he conflict: T he conflict for the holy land bet ween Israelis and Palestinians T he peacebuilders: T he School for Peace T heir solution: Conversations bet ween the t wo groups
The School for Peace is halfway between Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. In workshops every week, groups of Palestinians and Israelis from all parts of the Middle East lock themselves in a room to argue for three days. As with real politics, these simulated talks between the groups often fail to reach an agreement. But that is not the schools goal. It is also not important to gain the others sympathies. Instead, it is much more important to recognize ones own role in the conflict. The hypothesis that merely acknowledging the humanity of ones enemy will end a confrontation is not true. In response to a poll conducted one year after the courses completion, participants say they changed their opinions only after they had seen the sparks fly. Photographer: Frieder Blickle, laif
On the first day, the young peoples discussion is still about hobbies, or their favorite singers. But soon the groups are trying to outscream each other. Each side attempts to portray its own position as morally superior. A two-way mirror lets mediators-in-training watch discussions in the room. They learn the typical patterns in the discussions.
Even dramatic confrontations are always con cluded with a ritual of peace. On their last evening at the School for Peace, Palestinians perform a traditional dance.
Nava Sonnenschein was a soldier during the Yom Kippur war. She lost many friends. Afterwards, she co-founded the School for Peace. Her idea: We are all members of a group and thus part of the conflict.
Mali
Ambassadors in Indigo
T he conflict: Nomadic Tuareg rebels against the government T he peacebuilders: Barbara und Henner Papendieck Their solution: Development aid is available when par ties are willing to cooperate
Mediators between two Tuareg clans are about to solve a conflict on water rights. If the talks are successful, then it is possible to receive development aid from the Mali-North program. In the peaceful regions of the country, the German couple Barbara and Henner Papendieck implement projects for the GTZ (Gesellschaft fr technische Zusammenarbeit) and the KfW (Kreditanstalt fr Wiederaufbau). These projects involve building schools and hospitals, drilling for wells, dig-
ging irrigation ditches and installing pumps as well as training mechanics who can repair these when they break. The projects and the need to cooperate should prevent a new outbreak of violence in northern Mali. After two periods of especially severe droughts in the 1990s, civil war broke out. Photographer: Uli Reinhardt, Zeitenspiegel
The desert is alive: Although the land in northern Mali is still bare, rice plants will grow here next year thanks to an agricultural project financed by German aid.
Living between Berlin and Bamako: Barbara Papendieck (pictured) and her husband Henner have been working in Mali since 1994, despite the droughts, war and plagues of locusts.
Two men, two worlds, one goal: Yehia, a Tuareg, and the German development worker Henner Papendieck together have come up with survival strategies to save a country which is almost doomed. Everything is in Allahs hand: Tuaregs from different clans fought over water rights in northern Mali, but now they have reached an agreement. They symbolically show their hands to Allah, who decides everyones fate.
Macedonia
Elena mediates
T he conflict: T he rif t bet ween Macedonians and the A lbanian minorit y T he peacebuilders: Elena Gulmadova from the OSCE T heir solution: Mediation bet ween the t wo cultures
A dialogue between cultures needs an experienced translator, who can understand the language but also the fears and hopes of all sides. The OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe) ensures that today, years after the civil war, each ethnic group receives their just portion of aid and a political voice. Elena Gulmadova, a Tadjik who studied gynecology, is able to mediate for the OSCE between the Muslim Albanians and the Christian Macedonians because her father prayed to Allah
and her mother to Jesus. She is able to bring Christians and Muslims in a village to one table, where they can leave behind ethnically motivated tension in a peaceful way. She also works with a police patrol, in which Muslim Albanians and Christian Macedonians work together. They are able to create a unified front, as if they were two peas in one pod, just like Elena herself. Photographer: Uli Reinhardt, Zeitenspiegel
Personal but still neutral: Working for the OSCE, Elena understands the importance of making contacts on both sides.
War of symbols: Grenades from the Macedonian army destroyed the mosque in Matejce.
Peace between the front lines: Christian and Muslim police protect the border to Serbia.
A Muslim Christian: Elena herself unites two cultures her father prayed to Allah; her mother to Jesus.
Shadows from the past: With the images from the war still in her mind, a woman with her children made it to safety at an emergency shelter in Suto Orizari.
The Philippines
Islands of Peace in a War-Torn Land

The conflict: Government troops against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) The peacebuilders: A network of farmers, religious leaders, and politicians Their solution: The creation of peace zones
The people of 40 towns in the Philippines have taken their destiny into their own hands by declaring their town a peace zone in the middle of a conflict area. The Catholic Priest, Father Bert Layson, equips rice farmers with cell phones in order to immediately report any violations of the ceasefire by text message. The former Muslim rebel commander Baba Butz also works in his Convent of the Immaculate Conception in Pikit. Father Bert convinced him that the conflict has nothing to do with religion. Before the war, you cultivated the fields together. We must recognize the basic good in each other once again! Father Bert preaches to his ecumenical ceasefire team. Photographer: Paul Hahn, laif
A cautious approach: Village leaders discuss the program for a ceremony, which should mark the expansion of the peace zone. Representatives from the rebels and army have been invited. Striving to be a rebel: In the swamps of Liguasan, which is a retreat for the Moro Liberation Front, joining the armed group is the only way to make a career.
Burning fears: At a school in the Peace Zone, children draw pictures of their worst memories. Now they burn them in the fire.
Whether Christian or Muslim Father Layson believes that every human being is good at heart. But when bombs explode, his tolerance ends.
Sri Lanka
Reconstructing the North

The conflict: The Tamil Tiger movement LT TE against the Singhalese government T he peacebuilders: Narasingham, a Tamil, and his organization, SEED T heir solution: Economic development in a crisis zone
In Vavuniya, there are not only sounds of rifles, but also of sawing, hammering and shoveling. In badly damaged northern Sri Lanka, Narasingham, a Tamil, organizes the construction of entire villages. He runs a school for the deaf and an organic farm, whose products are marketed by Singhalese and Tamils together (who are supposed enemies). Breeding ostriches is also part of the project, SEED. Narasinghams particular approach is regarded by aid
organizations as exemplary: Before investing donated funds, he spent months living in a refugee camp in order to study the needs of the people. This is another world from his life as an asylum seeker in Berlin-Kreuzberg years earlier. There he had a normal life with a steady income. Nevertheless, Narasingham wanted to help his country, and so he decided to return to Sri Lanka. Photographer: Paul Hahn, laif
A Tamil with a German passport: Rohini Narasingham returned back from exile to the destroyed northern part of the country in order to help with the reconstruction of his homeland.
War widows: Women whose husbands were killed in the civil war belong to the poorest of the poor. The organization SEED supports them above all for reconstructing their houses.
First listen, then act: Before Singham began to build houses for refugee families, he lived in a camp for months. He wanted to get to know the needs of the local people. To feel the language: Ravindran, a deaf girl, detects her first words from the vibrations on the throat of her teacher. Thirteen teachers for the deaf belong to the staff of SEED.
South Africa
Gentle Words for Tough Guys

T he conflict: Discrimination and violence in prisons T he peacebuilders: V ictoria Maloka from the Centre for C onflict Resolution T heir solution: Training in non - violence for prisoners and guards
Conflicts dominate the everyday life of inmates in South African prisons. Every prisoner wants to maintain his rank within his own gang and against rival groups. Through role-playing exercises, Victoria Maloka from the Centre for Conflict Resolution (CCR) in Cape Town shows them that mutual respect can be a good experience and that conflict can be resolved without razor blades or fists. Because of Victoria Malokas work, the death rate has fallen significantly in Vorberg. The success allows her to
hope that the men will resolve their conflicts peacefully even after they leave the prison grounds. Consequently, she makes it clear to them that if they dont follow her suggestions, they could land right back in Vorberg. Photographer: Uli Reinhardt, Zeitenspiegel
A gentle hand for tough guys: With her charm and skills, Victoria Maloka teaches manners to tough guys. Peacemaking runs in the family: her father was a village judge.
Having fun and learning: School children show how they develop a sense of community by dancing. This sense of community is not as present everywhere in Cape Town as it is in this classroom.
The prison rocks: Prisoners relax before a seminar on human dignity is set to begin a foreign word in poor areas where many of them come from.
Welcome to Pullsmore-Prison: The high crime rate from Cape Town fills the prison the lack of space behind the walls leads to even more crime. It is a vicious cycle, which the mediators hope to break.
Co lo m bi a
A well-rounded project: In Medelln alone there are more than 12,000 players involved in the project Peace for Soccer.
Peace through Soccer

Medelln in Colombia is considered one of the most violent cities in South America. Whole parts of the city are controlled by murderers, drug dealers and thieves. It is here that John Jairo organizes street soccer tournaments. Soccer is the only thing that counts here only through soccer games can you reach the people, he said. This rule seems absurd to the macho men in Comuna Wilmar is in his early 20s and has played for El Golombiao for three years. This name has been created by putting the words Ball and Colombia together. Many of my friends are dead, he said. It is a living hell here. Guerillas and gangs from all political backgrounds terrorize the neighborhood. John also grew up in this neighborhood. He was a member of gangs, which extorted protection money. Every evening we went to the bus station and collected money from the drivers, John Jairo recalled. They all paid. Today he lives a different life and is a respected person in his neighborhood who has about the same rank as the mayor. He not only knows how to deal with gang leaders, but he also deals with police chiefs and the city administration. He organizes soccer tournaments, which attract teams from other neighborhoods. Soccer is perhaps the easiest and most effective means of working towards peace in the slums of Medelln. Under the motto Futbol por la Paz (soccer for peace), the project has spread to schools across the country, and the Colombian government adopted it. It was then renamed El Golombiao and was expanded across the whole country. Now El Golombiao even belongs to a global network called Streetfootballworld, located in Berlin. Photographer: Uli Reinhardt, Zeitenspiegel 13. John also dismissed the idea when Griesbeck first invited him to join the project. Later the new balls and jerseys lured him back. The beginning was difficult and sometimes it seemed that the whole project would end in chaos. A breakthrough came only after community leaders were convinced by the new form of the game. After a few months, there were 500 teams. Today 17,000 young people play on 1,600 teams. The rules which they follow were developed by Jrgen Griesbeck, a German who worked in Medelln for many years. The rules caused quite a stir. The rules state that two women must play on each team, and one of them must shoot the first goal. However, a team cannot only win by scoring goals, but rather also by whether they treat their opponent fairly or not.
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Playing instead of fighting: On the soccer fields of Comuna 13, young people can let off steam.
Motivating children: With autographed cards of famous players, John Jairo motivates children in Comuna 13 to play soccer.
A clear message: John Jairo, himself a former gang member, changed sides and today advertises his soccer project in schools. No loitering on the streets: For many children who are trapped in the dull life of Comuna 13, soccer means the world to them.
Optimism through soccer: For Wilmar, soccer offers a gleam of hope in the dark ghetto life.
Off to a tournament: To compete for the trophy, young teams travel to far-off areas of Medilln.
Girls are included: The rules require every team to have at least two girls.
N or Ir th el er an n d
Children need true heroes: Joe Doherty was once a fighter for the IRA. Today he tries to break down the bad legend he used to be.
From Prison to Youth Center

Fighting leads to a dead end said Joe, and he is one who knows dead ends. The attempt to drive out the British army with terrorism was a dead end. Each grave of a soldier was one and his prison cell as well. Joe was 15 when he witnessed how the British sent tear gas squadrons into his street, stormed his house during the night, and beat his parents. Joe was already spying for the Irish Republican Army. At 17 he became what he called a soldier. The British called him a terrorist. When a police patrol caught him with explosives in his car, he was sentenced to 12 years. He served eight and came out in his mid-20s filled with thoughts of revenge, a living time bomb. He began planning his first murder. He does social work and leads a youth club. Joe is greHis mind wanders, and he again thinks about the dead man who changed his life. On May 2, 1980, Richard Westmacott, a British captain stationed in Belfast, was shot. One of the three assailants was Joe Doherty. We were all responsible, says Joe today, and Im sorry for everyone who had to die. He went to prison, but then he broke out. He fled to the USA and then was re-incarcerated. When I was in jail, Photographer: Uli Reinhardt, Zeitenspiegel atly respected because he also found his own way out of a dead end by doing youth work. The life of Peter McGuire, a former protestant militiaman, who used to consider Joe an enemy, also took a similar turn. Both met each other for the first time at the Peace CountsForum in Berlin. Five years ago, both of them said, we would have killed each other. my parents wrote me that a lot of kids were just hanging out on street corners, taking drugs and making trouble. It was then that I knew what I wanted to do when I got out, said Joe. The young people on both sides are in danger of joining paramilitary groups. Joe wants to help prevent this. In fact, he works overtime to prevent this. As a social worker, he wants to liberate kids from the cycle of violence, not by preaching, but with tangible help computer courses, step dancing, trips out of the neighborhood to go swimming, job application training, and soccer with the boys. He finds them on the street and takes them away from the influence of underground groups.
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Walls of war: In Belfast, paramilitary groups paint house walls with rallying cries and mark their territory.
The legacy of violence: Although peace exists on paper from the Good Friday Agreement 1998, it has not officially been accepted in the peoples hearts and minds. Destroying the symbols: Joe Doherty stands in front of a heroic wall painting of himself on New Lodge Road, which he ordered to be repainted.
Remembering the past: Peter McGuire, once a terrorist in the UDA, lost his best friend to a suicide bomber now he sees him every day in a wall painting. Working with youth instead of fighting: The ex-terrorist Peter McGuire does not hide any longer in the underground, but rather tries to engage young people in conversation. In this picture, he is on a horse farm near Derry.
Extracurricular activities instead of preaching: As a youth worker, Joe Doherty tries to draw the next generation away from underground groups. Open wounds: Catholics demonstrate in front of the police station at Falls Road. They accuse the police of torturing Michael ODwyer to death while he was in prison.
Talking it over: The group of men hopes to solve a conflic t that arose when a man threatened his neighbor with a knife. The t wo mens families sit down together, tr ying to find a mutually agreeable resolution.
N e w L i f e f o r a n Ol d T r a d i t i o n
T h e c o n f l i c t: V i o l e n t c o n f l i c t s b e t w e e n n e i g h b o r s , w i t h c o u r t s u n a b l e t o h e l p T h e p e a c e b u i l d e r : Att o r n e y T a r e k R a m a d a n H i s s o l u t i o n : T r a d i t i o n a l - s t y l e m e d i at i o n
In Eg y pt, an arg ument w ith a neighbor can quick ly t ur n into a bloody family feud. T he justice system is not set up to deal w ith routine v iolence. Tr ials take a long time, and many judges a re cor r upt. So t he law yer Tarek Ramadan decided to breat he new life into an old tradition. He trains Muhak imin, mediators who ac t as go -bet weens for families and neighbors. T hey are the traditional peacekeepers in Eg y ptian v illages. Instead of ar resting and punishing w rongdoers,
t hey work out mut ually ag reeable deals bet ween perpetrators and their v ic tims. T he Muhak imin work to preser ve the dig nit y of both sides. Tarek Ramadans seminars have trained around 40 mediators. He has mediated more than 20 0 conf lic ts. He hopes to make mediation a legally binding alter native to cr iminal t r ia ls t hroughout Eg y pt. / Photos: Fr ieder Bl ic k le/la i f
The nex t generation: In Tarek s seminars, young women and men learn the ar t of mediation from experienced Muhakimin. The tradition of the Muhakimin is thus carried for ward in modern Egypt.
Ancient wisdom, young ideas: T he respected Muhakim A bu Z a i d m e d i a te s i n t h e s eve re c a s e s: m u r d e r, ro b b e r y o r r a p e . Tarek Ramad an speaks with him, ab out how to handle an upcoming c ase for mediation.
Ritual of reconciliation: Af ter a successful mediation, the former opponents follow A rab tradition by embracing. The Muhakim will monitor their compliance with the agreement and define a penalt y in case of non - compliance.
Egypt
Classes in the mosque: Thir teen classes crowd into the main prayer room of a mosque in the Afghan capital Kabul. Around 200 children learn reading, writing, and arithmetic in one room at the same time. Boys go to school in the morning, girls in the af ternoon.
T h e c o n f l i c t: T h e Ta l i b a n s t o p g i r l s f r o m g o i n g t o s c h o o l T h e p e a c e b u i l d e r s : P e t e r a n d A n n e M a r i e S c h w i tt e k o f G e r m a n y Their solution: Mosque-based schools for girls and boys
Ma ny Ta l iba n bel ieve t hat educat i ng women is si n f u l. So for g i rls i n A fgha n ista n, goi ng to sc hool is r isk y. T he G er ma n couple A n ne Ma r ie a nd Peter Sc hw it tek dec ided to help g i rls by orga n i z i ng sc hools i n mosques. I nstead of spend i ng money on new sc hool bu i ld i ngs, t he Sc hw it tek s use fa m i l ia r st r uc t u res t hat a re a l ready i n place. T he Isla m ic c lerg y men or mu l la hs i n t he mosques a re t hei r a l l ies. T hey a re able to reac h g i rls a nd boys who a re a f ra id to go to sc hool but
w i l l i ng to go to t he mosque. A n assoc iat ion fou nded by t he Sc hw it tek s, OFA R I N, t ra i ns A fgha n teac her s. T he qua l it y of t he teac h i ng is of ten h igher t ha n at state -r u n sc hools. Nea rly 5,50 0 you ng people now at tend sc hools orga n i zed by OFA R I N. Even t hough t he sec u r it y sit uat ion is d i f f ic u lt, t he you ng women a nd men dema nd t hei r r ight to a n educat ion. / Photos: U l i Rei n ha rdt/Z eitenspiegel
Making up for lost time: During the years of Taliban rule and war, these young women were unable to attend school. Now they can finally learn to read and write. Some go on to become teachers at OFARINs mosque schools.
Using local infrastructure: Peter Schwit tek s par tners are Islamic clerics. They came to him and asked for his suppor t to run schools for girls and boys in their mosques. Their goal is a bet ter future for the Afghan youth.
Learning to use your head: O FA RIN teaches girls to think independently and use their critic al abilities instead of simply repeating what their teachers say. T hey encourage the girls to break new grounds.
A f g h a n i s ta n
The future knows its ABCs
stills from the
Movie
Breaking the Si l e n c e
Insight: Yehuda Saul, 28, was stationed in Hebron as an occupying soldier. In those days, I was par t of the problem. Now I want to help end the injustice of the occupation.
Bre aking the silence

T h e c o n f l i c t: I s r a e l i o c c u pat i o n o f t h e W e s t B a n k The peacebuilders: Yehuda Saul and Breaking the Silence T h e i r s o l u t i o n : D r a w att e n t i o n t o w a r t i m e b r u ta l i ty
T he Israeli Yehuda Saul is a special k ind of tour g uide. He leads a g roup to a place most Israel is prefer not to hea r about Hebron, t he second la rgest Pa lest i n ia n c it y i n t he Israel i- occ upied West Ba n k. A s a sold ier, Yehuda Sau l was i nvolved i n en forc i ng ma r t ia l law t here. Towa rds t he end of h is m i l ita r y ser v ice, he adm it ted to h i msel f t hat he was a per pet rator a nd not si mply a n i n nocent ma n fol low i ng order s. T hat mo ment of sel f-awa reness led h i m to ta ke rad ica l steps. H is f i r st move was to orga n i ze a n e x h ibit ion on t he
br uta l it y of t he occ upat ion. T he e x h ibit ion soon g rew to become a n orga n i z at ion, Brea k i ng t he Si lence, wh ic h has col lec ted 750 test i mon ia ls f rom for mer sold ier s on t hei r ser v ice i n t he occ upied ter r itor ies. Ever y week, Yehuda leads g roups of i nterested Israe l i s a nd ot he r s f r om a l l ove r t he world to H e b r on . Und e r s t a nd i n g , he b e l ie ve s , i s t he f i r s t s te p tow a r d rea l peace. / Fi l m a nd Photos: Peter Wi nger t
The conflict: Ultra - or thodox Jewish settlers in Hebron demonstrate for their right to the entire Holy Land. Confrontations between settlers and Palestinians were nowhere bloodier than here until the militar y divided the cit y in 19 9 4 and imposed mar tial law.
Mistrust: While giving tours of Hebron, Yehuda repeatedly gets into arguments with Israeli soldiers. They often refuse him and his groups access to the compound where Abraham, Isaac and Jacob are said to be buried.
Continuit y: Once a week, Yehuda demonstrates in Jerusalem against the expansion of Jewish settlements in the cit ys Palestinian eastern section. He suppor ts law yers who are working to protect the rights of Palestinians and keep them from being evicted in favor of settlers.
Israel
Before the match: The coach explains Fatumas idea to the players: Make sure that each team has representatives from both tribes. Remember our mot to: Shoot to score, not to kill! Let s go!
Shoot to score, not to kill

T h e c o n f l i c t: T h e B o r a n a a n d G a bb r a p e o p l e s f i g h t o v e r wat e r a n d l a n d T h e p e a c e b u i l d e r : Att o r n e y F at u m a Ab d u l k a d i r A d a n H e r s o l u t i o n : F o o tb a l l t o u r n a m e n t s a n d w o m e n s c o u n c i l s
Fat u m a A b d u l k ad i r Ad a n of Ke ny a or g a n i z e s fo ot b a l l to u r n a me nt s whe r e B or a n a a nd G a b b r a pl ay to ge t he r on m i xe d te a m s . T h at i s s u r p r i s i n g i n nor t he r n Ke ny a , whe r e t he t wo p e ople s s k i r m i s h ove r ac c e s s to w ate r s o u r c e s a nd p a s t u r e l a nd . T he v io le nc e h a s a h i g h c o s t , a nd t he yo u n g l aw ye r w a nt s to b r e a k t he s i le nc e . Wome n d o not of te n h ave a vo ic e i n t h i s l a r ge ly Mu s l i m r e g ion . T he y a r e not
a l lowe d to p a r t ic ip ate i n t he of f ic i a l p e ac e ne got i at ion s . B ut e ve n d e at h t h r e at s c a n not s top Fat u m a f r om work i n g tow a r d r e c onc i l i at ion . She c a l le d for t he e s t a bl i s h me nt of wome ns c o u nc i l s . T he i r d i a lo g u e e n s u r e s t h at t he t wo p e ople s ac k nowle dge e a c h ot he r s g r ie f. / Photo s: F r a n k S c hu lt z e / Z e ite n s p ie ge l
Struggle to sur vive: Cattle and water sources are closely guarded treasures in nor thern Kenya. The Borana and Gabbra peoples compete for scarce resources. Gunfights around the water holes occur on a regular basis.
Attorney for peace: Fatuma decided against a career in Nairobi and in favor of life as a peacebuilder in her native cit y of Marsabit. The young law yer demonstrates how much can be achieved with persistence, creativit y and optimism.
Womens voices: People resor t to violence when their voices are not heard, Fatuma believes. She organizes meetings bet ween women of the t wo tribes so that they will listen to each other and get to know the opponents point of view.
K e n ya
Rapping for peace: Dont think Im defenseless, dont disrespec t me / I say no to war / I never hur t anybody, I use words, not weapons / Im a rapper like my brother / Im a Comuna rooster that just wants to crow in peace.
T h e c o n f l i c t: D r u g wa r i n t h e s l u m s T h e p e a c e b u i l d e r s : M at e o a n d h i s c r e w E s k a l o n e s Their solution: Respect and jobs through hip-hop
Mateo a nd h is music g roup E ska lones cou nter t he d r ug wa r i n C omu na 13 w it h rhy mes, B -boy i ng a nd g ra f f it i. C omu na 13 is a notor ious slu m i n Medell i n, C olombias second-la rgest c it y. A l most 2 0 0 peo ple d ie t here ever y yea r i n sk i r m ishes bet ween ga ngs of d r ug dea ler s. Mateos brot her is a mong t he dead. T he you ng people face t he i nsa n it y w it h t hei r ow n E l ite de H ip -Hop. So fa r t hey have orga n i zed con-
cer ts a nd fou nded a h ip -hop academy. T hey teac h c h i ld ren a nd teenager s f rom C omu na 13 t hat t here a re a lter nat ives to l i fe as a Sica r io or h i red k i l ler. T he you ng music ia ns objec t ive is to ma ke C omu na 13 a bet ter place to l ive by prov id i ng music, respec t, a nd work. / Photos: A nton ia Z en na ro / Z eitenspiegel
War of all against all: Comuna 13 is one of the most violent neighborhoods in Colombia. Its districts are controlled by members of different drug gangs. Many people die in battles over houses or tur f. The army also plays a role in the conflict.
Words, not weapons: Songs are an impor tant tool in the battle against the drug mafia. Mateo and his band rap against violence and in favor of peaceful coexistence in Comuna 13. The Eskalones are being respected for their music.
Municipal funding: The youth center is the scene of a discussion of the hip - hop academys curriculum. The schedule includes rap, breakdance, graffiti, and deejaying. The cit y suppor ts hip - hop instructors with grants.
Colombia
M at e o c h o o s e s l i f e
Get ting the news out: Radio is the mos t popular and of ten the only medium for news in C ongolese villages. In addition to hard news, Radio Ushirika also broadc as t s the s tuf f of life: childrearing tips for young mother s, declarations of love from teenager s.
T h e c o n f l i c t: C o n g o l e s e a r m y v s . H u t u r e b e l s T h e p e a c e b u i l d e r : J e a n B a p t i s t e K i ya n a o f R a d i o U s h i r i k a H i s s o l u t i o n : N e w s r e p o r t s a n d wa r n i n g s
I n t he m idst of t he wa r-tor n prov i nce of Nor t h K iv u, R ad io Ush i r i ka broadcasts a message of peace. A nnou ncer Jea n Bapt iste K iya na a nd h is col leag ues fou nded R ad io Clubs i n t he v i l lages. Club member s ca l l t he stat ion so t hat l istener s ca n be wa r ned of ap proac h i ng rebels. Ref ugees f leei ng t he f ight i ng have repeated ly got ten caught bet ween t he f ront l i nes of C ongolese t roops doi ng bat t le w it h Hut u rebels f rom Rwa nda. I n a cou nt r y where a major it y of t he popu-
lat ion is i l l iterate, rad io is of ten t he on ly med iu m for spread i ng t he word. R ad io Ush i r i ka broadcasts i n fou r la ng uages. T here a re t ips on fa r m i ng a nd hea lt h, how to ma nage c h i ld ren a nd how to i nter vene when con f l ic ts esca late. Jea n Bapt iste K iya na i nv ites loca l hu ma n r ights ac t iv ists as g uests on h is prog ra ms to tel l about t hei r ac t iv it ies. / Photos: Mac l i ne H ien
High-risk park ranger job: The young soldiers guard Virunga National Park, where Rwandan rebels and refugees hide. The rebels cut down trees and extort protection money from refugees to finance their struggle. They regularly attack and kill park rangers who come too close to their camps.
Voice of the people: The radio moderator Jean Baptiste Kiyana listens attentively to peoples troubles and cares. He nearly always carries a micro phone, headphones and recording device so that he can record peoples stories. Sadly, many stories involve death, displacement, or rape.
Choisir la vie: One program on Radio Ushirika is entitled Choose Life. The show provides conflict mediation tips like: Listen to each other and try to understand the other person. It sounds almost too simple but in North Kivu it can save your life.
DR Congo
R a d i o U s h i r i k a m a k e s wav e s
Mat ter of faith: Nigeria is considered one of the most religious countries on ear th, with 95 percent of Nigerians saying they would die for the God they believe in. Half of the population is Muslim, the other half is Christian.
Pe ace is di v ine!
T h e c o n f l i c t: R e v e n g e k i l l i n g s b y C h r i s t i a n a n d M u s l i m m i l i t i a s T h e p e a c e b u i l d e r s : Pa s t o r J a m e s W u y e a n d Im a m M u h a mm a d A s h a f a T h e i r s o l u t i o n : I n t e r f a i t h d i a l o g u e , m e d i at i o n , a n d a n e a r ly w a r n i n g s y s t e m
A pastor a nd a n i ma m, ha nd i n ha nd? A n u nusua l pic t u re i n cent ra l Niger ia, where Ch r ist ia n a nd Musl i m g roups face of f i n bloody bat t les. I nter fa it h Med iat ion C ent re ( I MC) is t he na me of t he orga n iz at ion fou nded by Pastor Ja mes Wuye a nd I ma m Muha m mad A sha fa. Wuye lost h is ha nd i n t he f ight i ng. A sha fa lost t wo brot her s. E ac h of t hem took yea r s to overcome h is hat red a nd f i nd forg iveness. Today t hey orga n i ze i nter fa it h d ia log ue work shops. T hey
per suaded h igh-ra n k i ng c lerg y men to sig n a peace dec la rat ion renou nc i ng hate preac h i ng. T hey t ra i ned pastor-i ma m tea ms to i n for m eac h ot her when conf l ic t is brew i ng. T he t r uce bet ween Ch r ist ia ns a nd Musl i ms i n t hei r reg ion, K adu na, has held for yea r s now, a nd t he pastor a nd t he i ma m hope to ca r r y t hei r message of peace to t he rest of Niger ia. / Photos: U l i Rei n ha rdt/Z eitenspiegel
Evidence in the ruins: The pastor and the imam visit a ruined Muslim neighborhood. It was selected for destruction in retaliation for a massacre of Christians somewhere else. The early warning system is designed to prevent such acts in the future.
From hate preaching to dialogue: The friendship of the two clerics is a bulwark against the deep - rooted hatred bet ween the religious groups. The pastor- imam duo encourages other clerics to commit themselves to interreligious dialogue.
Ashafas conversion experience: His imam spoke about how revenge can be healed by forgiveness and about how to defeat enemies by turning them into friends. He internalized these words through his friendship to James.
Nigeria
Building a future: Af ter the genocide, perpetrators and sur vivors must star t over with the basic idea of coexistence. With suppor t from AMI, they work together to build houses for the families of vic tims.
R e c o n c i l i at i o n a f t e r t h e g e n o c i d e
T h e c o n f l i c t: T h e d e l i c at e b a l a n c e b e t w e e n j u s t i c e a n d p e a c e T h e p e a c e b u i l d e r s : D i e u d o n n M u n ya n k i k o a n d h i s o r g a n i z at i o n A M I T h e i r s o l u t i o n : P e r s o n a l c o n ta c t b e t w e e n p e r p e t r at o r s a n d s u r v i v o r s
L ong af ter the 1994 genocide t hat k illed nea rly one million people, Rwanda n societ y is st ill deeply div ided. T he Association Modeste et Innocent (A M I) helps sur v ivors and the g uilt y f rom those days get star ted dow n the rough road to reconciliation. A M I ar ranges for encounters t hat ta ke place in t hree phases. First, each side w r ites dow n its hopes and fears separately. T hen t hey excha nge texts so that each ca n see the others v iew point. At t he end of t he process,
t hey meet in person and tr y to establish a workable f ra mework for coe x istence. A M I prov ides cou r ses i n nonv iolence for police of f icers and trains volunteers to care for the t raumatized. T he projec ts are intended both to heal old wounds and to prevent new injur ies. A M I tr ies to f ind the delicate balance bet ween justice for past w rongs and reconciliation for the f ut ure. / Photos: Er ic Va z zoler/Zeitenspiegel
L iving with memories: In A pril 19 9 4, several thousand people were massacred af ter they sought sanctuar y in this school in Murambi. To d ay it is a memorial dedic ated to the victims of the genocide.
Looking for ward: Dieudonn Munyankiko of A MI does not believe that all wrongdoers can be brought to justice. For him, mutual acceptance is the only possible path toward a shared future for his home count y Rwanda.
Careful rapprochement: In AMIs group discussions, perpetrators and sur vivors have time to talk and room to reconcile with each other. Talking to the people who killed your loved ones takes superhuman strength. But does Rwanda have an alternative?
R wa n d a
Mirror game: In workshops sponsored by The Dignit y of Woman women learn leadership skills and how to get their way in male - dominated post war societ y. The organizer, Liphan Bassajewa, has abundant experience healing psychological wounds and fostering self-respec t.
For womens sake

T h e c o n f l i c t: T r a d i t i o n a l v a l u e s v s . w o m e n s r i g h t s T h e p e a c e b u i l d e r : L i p h a n B a s s a j e wa a n d T h e T h e D i g n i t y o f W o m a n H e r s o l u t i o n : C r e at e s pa c e s f o r d i s c u s s i o n , c o u n s e l i n g a n d e m p o w e r m e n t
Gr oz ny, t he c ap it a l o f C he c h ny a i n t he C auc a s u s , i s s t i l l not at p e ac e . O n one s id e i s t he R u s s i a n m i l it a r y, s t a nd i n g g u a r d at t he e dge of t he c it y. O n t he ot he r, s u ic id e b om b e r s c ont i nu e t he i r s t r ug g le to e s t a bl i s h a n I s l a m ic s t ate i n t he f ac e of R u s s i a n he ge mo ny. R a nd o m v iole nc e a nd a n e qu a l ly a r b i t r a r y jud ic i a l s y s te m a f f e c t wome n mor e t h a n a ny one . S o L iph a n B a s s aje w a fo u nd e d T he D i g n it y of Wo m a n. T he o r g a n i z at ion g ive s Gr oz ny s f e m a le
i n h a b it a nt s a voic e, s up p or t , a nd a s s i s t a nc e i n e ve r y a r e a of l i f e . P s yc holo g ic a l c o u n s e l i n g av a i l a ble f r om T he D i g n it y of Wom a n he lp s ove r c ome d e e p s p i r it u a l t r au m a f r om v iole nc e a nd op p r e s s ion . L iph a n B a s s aje w a d o e s not a l low he r s e l f to b e i n t i m id ate d b y e it he r t he s t ate or r e l i g io u s le ad e r s . She s t ay s s t r on g for wome ns r i g ht s . / Photo s: Ja n L ie s ke
Post war Grozny: Af ter t wo wars and t wo years as an of ficial anti - terror operations area, the c apital of Chechnya lay in ruins. But the rebuilding of the cit y has not ended the p opulations suf fering.
A strong woman: Liphan Bassajewa, 6 0, fights for the dignit y of women in Chechnya. Despite setbacks and threats, she works ever y d ay to counteract the erosion of civil societ y and ad voc ate equalit y for women.
At work: Employees at The Dignit y of Woman put on a parents night. They want to persuade them to allow daughters to work outside the home. Many parents feel a need to talk about issues of education and daily life.
Russia
Unstoppable peacebuilder: Gothom Ar ya took his show on the road because he felt that in the long run informal talks would not be enough. He hopes to focus public at tention on the conflic t in the south.
T h e c o n f l i c t: O n g o i n g s t r u g g l e f o r d e m o c r a c y a n d s e l f - d e t e r m i n at i o n T h e p e a c e b u i l d e r : G o t h o m A r ya o f t h e R e s e a r c h C e n t e r f o r P e a c e b u i l d i n g H i s s o l u t i o n : I n f o r m a l ta l k s a n d p u b l i c a c t i o n
G ot hom A r y as p e ac e m a r c h f r om B a n g kok to t he s o ut he r n p r ov i nc e of P at t a n i h a s t a ke n h i m ove r 1,0 0 0 k m . M a ny p e o ple joi ne d h i m a lon g t he w ay. T he y w a nte d to d r aw at te nt ion to t he for got te n b ut s t i l l d a n ge r o u s c on f l ic t b e t we e n gove r n me nt t r o o p s a nd Mu s l i m s e p a r at i s t s i n S o ut he r n T h a i l a nd . G ot hom nor m a l ly work s for p e ac e a nd r e c on c i l i at ion f r om a n of f ic e i n B a n g kok . H e r e g u l a rly i nv ite s op p o s i n g p a r t ie s to i n for m a l t a l k s , hop i n g
to stop T ha i s o c iet y f rom bre a k i ng i n ha l f. He me d iate s b e t we e n Ye l low Sh i r t s loy a l to t he k i n g a nd t he i r op p one nt s i n r e d who w a nt g r e ate r d e mo c r a c y. W it h h i s p e ac e m a r c h, he hop e s to m a ke a n u n a m b i g uo u s s t ate me nt i n f avor of mut u a l tole r a nc e, b ot h p ol it ic a l a nd r e l i g io u s , a nd a s h a r e d f ut u r e for e ve r yone i n T h a i l a nd . / Photo s: L u k a s C o c h / Z e ite n s p ie ge l
Stopping at a road block: In Pattani Province, the army is ever y where. T he government hopes to keep separatists from taking control. T he separatists in turn commit terrorist at t acks to protest ag ainst the militar y presence.
Informal dialogue: Gothom invites representatives of the Red Shirts and Yellow Shirts to take part in unofficial conversations. Talking helps people acknowledge needs and values on the other side. Gothom only intervenes when emotions start to boil over.
Flowers, emblems of peace: Peace march par ticipants of fer roses to the sur prised soldiers at the side of the ro ad. T he news of the peace march was bro adc asted by the media and at tracted hundreds of people.
Thailand
Gothoms March for Pe ace

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