END OF SECOND TERM EXAMINATION PART A (OBJECTIVE TEST) Answer all questions in this section.

Choose the most appropriate option from those lettered A to D 1. An atom is electrically neutral if the number of . A. Electrons is equal to the number of neutrons B. Neutrons is equal to the atomic number C. Protons is equal to the number of neutrons D. Protons is equal to the number of electrons 2. Protons ,neutrons and electrons are called fundamental particles because they A. Are indivisible B. Have different charges C. Are the lightest particles D. Are all found in matter 3. An atom B has 17 electrons and 18 neutrons. Which of the following representations of the atom is correct? A. 1718B B. 1817B C. 3517B D. 3518B 4. The atomic theory was put forward by A. Avogadro B. Dalton C. Democritus D. Rutherford 5. The metallic ion Y2+ contains 18 electrons .How many protons are contained in this ion? A. 2 B. 16 C. 18 D. 20 6. The mass spectrometer was discovered by A. Aston B. Chadwick C. Millixan D. Democritus 7. The discovery of isotopes is attributed to A. Aston B. Soddy C. Bohr D. Stoney 8. Which of the following is not an isotope of the hydrogen? A. Deuterium B. Hydronium

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C. Protium D. Tritium Neon has two isotopes 2211Ne and 2011Ne. If the relative atomic mass of neon is 20.18, what is the percentage abundance of the lighter isotope? A. 91 B. 9 C. 0.91 D. 0.09 An element Q has mass number Y and atomic number Z. How many neutrons are there in an atom of Q? A. 2Z Y B. Y + 2Z C. Y Z D. Z Y One of the important deductions from Rutherfords alpha scattering experiment is that A. Electrons are negatively charged B. Electrons have negligible mass C. Nuclei of atoms are positively charged D. Protons are positively charged The amount of substance dissolved in 1dm3 of solution is called A. Morality B. Molality C. Mole fraction D. Molar concentration A solution whose solvent is water is termed A. An aqueous solution B. A dilute solution C. A saturated solution D. A concentrated solution What is the amount of substance in 18g of glucose, C6H12O6. [C = 12, H = 1, O = 16] A. 0.1 mol B. 1.0 mol C. 0.2 mol D. 0.02 mol The isotopes of neon are represented by the symbols 20x Ne, 21y Ne and 22zNe.The relation between x, y , z is A. X > Y > Z B. X < Y < Z C. X = Y = Z D. X < Z < Y The relative molecular mass of the hydrated salt is Na2CO3.XH2O is 250. What is the value of X? [Na =23, C =12, O =16, H = 1] A. 7

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B. 8 C. 9 D. 10 Which of the following processes are relevant in mass spectrometry? i. Vaporization ii. Ionization iii. Acceleration iv. Scattering A. I and II only B. II and III only C. I ,II and III only D. I, II ,III and IV At what angle is the magnetic field incidental to the electric field in the mass spectrometer? A. 45 B. 180 C. 90 D. 100 Which of the following pairs of species would be deflected along the same path in the mass spectrometer? [Cl= 35.5, O = 16, C = 12, H = 1] A. CH4+ and O+ B. O 2+ and CH4+ C. O 2+ and Cl+ D. O 2+ and Cl+ A helium nucleus has two protons. How many electrons must be present in its shell to make it a neutral atom? A. -4 B. -2 C. +2 D. +4 The cathode ray tube is operated under A. High pressure conditions B. Low pressure conditions C. Low voltage conditions D. Non-vacuum conditions What is the total number of orbitals associated with principal quantum number N=3? A. 5 B. 9 C. 4 D. 3 How more orbitals are associated with the P subenergy level? A. 2 B. 3 C. 5

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D. 6 A dimensionless quantity that expresses the ratio of the number of moles of a component to the total number of moles of a component to the total number of moles of all the components in a solution is known as A. Mole ratio B. Mole fraction C. Molality D. Chemical entity The total number of electrons in the s and p orbitals cannot exceed A. 2 B. 6 C. 8 D. 14 Which of the following principles limits the maximum number of electrons in an orbital to two? A. Aufbaus rule B. Hunds rule C. Avogadros principle D. Paulis exclusion principle Calculate the number of nitrogen molecules in 0.9mol of nitrogen gas. [NA= 6.02 1023] A. 5.42 1023 B. 2.01 1023 C. 5.42 1022 D. 5.4 1024 Which of the following sets of quantum numbers describes an s- orbital? A. n= 3, l= 2, m= +1, ms= B. n= 2, l= 1, m= 0, ms= C. n=2, l= 1, m= -1, ms= + D. n=1, l=0, m= 0, ms= +

29. Which of the following statements about orbitals is true? A. They are located in the nucleus B. They have the same size C. They have different shapes D. They have the same energy 30. Ozone has atomicity of A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 31. What is the molar mass of a substance D if 0.30 mole of D has a mass of 13.0g? A. 3.90 gmol-1 B. 4.33 gmol-1 C. 39.00 gmol-1

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D. 43.30 gmol-1 The number of electrons present in the species 3216S2- is A. 16 B. 14 C. 18 D. 32 The atomic mass unit of carbon-12 is 1.660310-24g.If the mass of an atom is 5.31310-23g, determine its relative mass. A. 12 B. 23 C. 32 D. 55 An ion with three positive charges is formed by A. Loss of three protons B. Gain of three protons C. Loss of three electrons D. Gain of three electrons The prefix for the submultiple 10-12 is A. Tera B. Pico C. Femto D. Giga An alpha particle has a charge of A. -1 B. -2 C. +1 D. +2 If 100 atoms of element X contain 70 atoms of 9X and 30 atoms of 11X, calculate the relative atomic mass of X. A. 9.6 B. 10.0 C. 11.6 D. 20.0 In the mass spectrometer, deflection of ions by the magnetic field depends upon the A. Chemical nature of the ion B. Ratio of mass to charge of ion C. Size of the ion D. Mass of the ion The relative atomic mass of chlorine is not a whole number because A. It is the average mass of all the various isotopes of chlorine B. It is the weighted average mass of all the various isotopes of chlorine C. Of the occurrence of some fractions of chlorine atoms D. The number of neutrons is always higher than the number of protons in the chlorine Modern research findings have revealed that the true elementary particles in the atom are

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A. Electrons, quarks and neutrons B. Protons and leptons C. Protons and neutrons D. Quarks and leptons Boron consists of two isotopes with mass numbers 10 and 11. The relative abundance of 11B is 80%. What is the relative atomic mass of boron? A. 10.2 B. 10.5 C. 10.8 D. 10.9 The volume occupied by 0.02 moles of a gas at s.t.p is A. 0.112dm3 B. 0.224dm3 C. 0.24dm3 D. 0.448dm3 The Avogadro number of particles is 6.021023. This means that the number of atoms in a 3g sample of 24Mg is A. 7.53 1022 B. 1.51 1023 C. 2.41 1024 D. 4.82 1024 The more precisely one is able to define the position of an electron the less certainty one is able too define it velocity (momentum) and vice versa. This is the principle of A. Heseinberg B. De Broglie C. Schrdinger D. Niels Bohr An orbital is a region of space around the nucleus of an atom within which there is a high probability of finding A. Protons B. Neutrons C. Electrons D. Nucleons The best way to put out a fire from a fire source is to A. Cover it with a blanket B. Pour water on the fire C. Close the to the gas supply D. Switch off the electric bulbs The three isotopes of oxygen are 16O, 17O and 18O. How many peaks will be produced in the mass spectrograph of oxygen? A. 5 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1

48. The S.I unit for luminous intensity is the A. Candela B. Ampere C. Coulomb D. Decibel 49. Which of the following groups of substances have the same number of moles? [Mg =24, Al= 27, K= 39] A. 8g of Mg; 8g of Al; 8g of K B. 12g of Mg; 24g of Al; 36g of K C. 2.4g of Mg; 2.7g of Al; 3.9g of K D. 1.6g of Mg; 0.9g of Al; 1.3g of K 50. The standard test for hydrogen in the laboratory is that A. It rekindles a glowing splint B. It gives a pop sound with flame C. It turns lime water milky for a short time D. It forms dense white fumes with HCl

SECTION B Answer two questions from this section; Question one and any other question 1. (a) Copy and complete the table below: Particle Symbol Relative masses(amu) Charge/C Relative charge Location in atom proton G= 1 H= L= J= K= F= M= 1.6 10-19 X= In the shells or orbitals F= N= Q= 0 U= V= (6 marks) (b)Define the following terms: i. Atom ii. Molecule iii. Nuclide iv. Isotope v. Ion (5 marks) (c) i) State two of Daltons atomic theory which have later been disproved ii) State three observations in the Rutherfords alpha particle experiment (5 marks) (d) Calculate the relative molecular masses of the following: i. ii. iii. iv. v. (NH4)2SO4 FeSO4 .6H2O Na2CO3 NaOH 2H2O

[Ar: N=14, H=1, S=32, O=16, Fe=56, Na=23, C=12] (5 marks) (e) Give a brief description of the mass spectrometer. (5 marks) (f) Explain briefly why i. ii. Calcium is said to be an s-block element 12 14 6C and 6C are isotopes. (5 marks) 2. (a) Define the following terms :

i. ii. iii. iv.

Mole Relative atomic mass Avogadros constant Molar volume

(b) Draw and name the geometric shape for the s and p- orbitals (2 marks) (c) Give the ground, state electronic configuration: i. ii. iii.
+ 12Mg 24Cr 21Sc

(3 marks) (d) An element Q, has three isotopes 28Q, 29Q and 30Q. if the average mass of Q is 28.109 and the relative abundance of 29Q is 4.7%, calculate the percentage abundance of the remaining two isotopes. (4 marks) (e) state: i. ii. iii. Aufbaus rule Hunds rule of maximum multiplicity Paulis exclusion principle (3 marks) (f) 100cm3 of 0.1M NaOH is mixed with 100cm3 of 0.15M NaOH, calculate the concentration of the resulting solution. (4 marks) 3. (a) The mass spectrum of a monoatomic element abX has three peaks with relative heights h1, h2, h3 at m1, m2, m3 respectively. i. ii. iii. How many isotopes has the element X? Write a formula for the calculation of the relative atomic mass of X? What do a and b represent?

(3 marks) (b) Define the following terms:

i. ii. iii. iv. v.

A model Degenerate orbitals An alpha particle Continuous spectrum Discontinuous spectrum

(c) 9.0g of the hydrated salt CuSO4.XH2O was dissolved in 500cm3 of water and concentration in moldm-3 was experimentally found to be 0.072M .calculate i. ii. The molar mass of CuSO4.XH2O X ,the water of crystallization [Cu= 64, S=32, O=16, H=1] (4 marks) (d) 3g of silver trioxonitrate(v), AgNO3 is dissolved in 120g of water. Calculate the: i. ii. iii. Molality of AgNO3 in the solution Mole fraction f AgNO3 in the solution Concentration in %w/w of AgNO3 in the solution. [Mr of AgNO3= 170] (6 marks) (e) Calculate the concentration of a solution prepared by dissolving 5g of NaCl to make 500cm3 of solution. [Na=23, Cl=35.5] (2 marks)