SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION REPORT FOR PROPOSED SHORT TERM PARKING GARAGE EXPANSION AT CLEVELAND HOPKINS INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT CLEVELAND,

CUYAHOGA COUNTY, OHIO J&L PROJECT NO. JL10773

PREPARED FOR

C&S ENGINEERS, INC

PREPARED BY

J&L LABORATORIES, INC. 215 Rainbow Street Wadsworth Ohio 44281

Tel (330) 335-0606 Fax (330) 335-0908

August 1, 2010

JL

& LABORATORIES, INC.

215 RAINBOW STREET WADSWORTH, OH 44281

ph. (330) 335-0606 fax (330) 335-0908

August 1, 2010 Mr. Matthew J. Wenham, P.E. C&S Engineers, Inc. One International Place 20445 Emerald Parkway, Suite 100 Cleveland, OH 44135
Tel: (216) 619-5449 fax (216) 619-5453 Email: mwenham@cscos.com

Ref.:

Geotechnical Exploration for Parking Garage Expansion Cleveland Hopkins International Airport (CHIA) Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio J&L Proposal No.: JL101309 J&L Project No.: JL10773

Dear Mr. Wenham: Enclosed, please find the Subsurface Investigation Report for the above referenced project. Our services included field exploration, laboratory testing, engineering analysis, and related design and construction recommendations. These services have been provided in accordance with our proposal prepared on April 27, 2010. We appreciate the opportunity of working with you on this project and we invite you to contact us at (330) 335-0606 when we can be of further assistance. Respectfully, J&L Laboratories, Inc.

John Xu, P.E. Project Manager

JX:lc Enclosures
pc File: 10773r1.doc

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Project Description ....................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Authorization................................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Scope of Services......................................................................................................... 1 2.0 RECONNAISSANCE ............................................................................................................. 2 2.1 General Geological Setting........................................................................................... 2 2.2 Known and Probable Karst in the Site Area ................................................................. 2 2.3 Earthquake ................................................................................................................... 3 2.4 Underground Mines ...................................................................................................... 3 3.0 SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION........................................................................................... 3 3.1 Planning........................................................................................................................ 3 3.2 Exploratory Test Boring ................................................................................................ 3 3.3 Sample Analysis ........................................................................................................... 4 4.0 SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS ............................................................................................... 4 4.1 Subsurface Soil and Rock Conditions .......................................................................... 4 4.2 Groundwater Conditions............................................................................................... 5 5.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................... 6 5.1 Conclusions and Foundation Options........................................................................... 6 6.0 Limitations ........................................................................................................................... 7 APPENDIX.................................................................................................................................... 8 Site Location Map Approximate Test Boring Locations Known and Probable Karst in Ohio - Map Earthquake Fault Lines in Ohio - Map Earthquake Epicenter in Erie County, Ohio Map Seismic Wave Testing Report Test Boring Logs Summary of Laboratory Test Result Unified Soil Classification System Laboratory Test Standards Description of Soil and Rock

Proposed Short Term Parking Garage Expansion at CHIA Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio Page 1

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project Description This report has been prepared for a developed site in the northern portion of the City of Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio. The report represents the intent of the project owner, City of Cleveland, and the project design engineer, C&S Engineers, Inc. (the client), to secure subsurface information at selected locations which will aid the project design engineer in preparation of the STG Expansion Facility Study. The City of Cleveland is planning to expand the existing short term parking garage (STG) at Cleveland, Hopkins International Airport (CHIA) in Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio. The site is located between the exiting short term and long term parking garages next to Park Road. The potential site for horizontal expansion is currently used as overflow parking. The site is generally flat with asphalt pavement in most of the areas. According to our past experience working in the general area, bedrock including shale, silty Shale or sandstone may be found at depth more than 100 feet in the area and depth of rock becomes shallower few miles on the northwest of the site. The purpose of the investigation is to sample and test soil and rock and to provide additional subgrade information for the project design. The scope of services is limited to a geotechnical investigation and preliminary design parameters. 1.2 Authorization C&S Engineers requested a proposal, for the above-mentioned project, from J&L Laboratories, Inc. on March 23, 2010. We submitted proposals on April 14 and April 27, 2010 for the geotechnical exploration. The proposals were approved and written authorization to proceed with the project was given in writing by C&S Engineers on May 18, 2010. 1.3 Scope of Services The detailed scope of services for this project was outlined in J&L proposal No. P101309 dated April 27, 2010. J&Ls scope of services for field investigation included advancing six (6) test borings to depths ranging from 40 to 100 feet, installing 100 feet PVC casing, conducting seismic shear wave velocity measurements in the casing. exploration report were included. Laboratory tests and a brief

Preparation of detailed geotechnical recommendations is

beyond our scope of services for this project. J&L Laboratories, Inc.
10773r1.doc /8/1/2010

Proposed Short Term Parking Garage Expansion at CHIA Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio Page 2 The scope of services did not include any environmental assessments for the presence or absence of wetlands or hazardous or toxic materials in the soil, surface water, groundwater or air, on or below or around this site. Any statements in this report regarding odors, colors or unusual or suspicious items or conditions are strictly for the information for the client.

2.0 RECONNAISSANCE J&L personnel performed site and in-house reconnaissance prior to field exploration for the project. The reconnaissance consisted of reviewing of available project information,

geological information, our past project experience in the vicinity of the site area, and our cursory site visits. reconnaissance. 2.1 General Geological Setting The project site lies on the glaciated, relatively smooth but dissected Mississippi Valley Plain, bordered on the west by the Rocky River, at an approximate elevation of 750 feet. The Wisconsin glacier passed over the area but in general left only a thin coating of drift, averaging less than 25 feet. Bedrock in the area consisted of mainly Devonian age shale or siltstone. Depth of bedrock in the general area varies from 13 to 200 feet. Due to the projects location at the airport, fill materials can be found in the vicinity of the general site areas. According to the Cuyahoga County Soil Survey Report dated December 2007, soils in the site area consisted of mainly Urban Land-Mahoning Association. Generally, these soils The following paragraphs outline the information obtained from the

consisted of poorly drained, silty and loamy glacial till, on uplands and lake plain. These soils may be classified as CL, CL-ML, ML, SM, and SC according to Unified Soil Classification System (USCS). 2.2 Known and Probable Karst in the Site Area Information obtained from Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR), Division of Natural Resources, no known Karst topography (i.e. sinkhole areas) in the vicinity of the Cuyahoga County area was found. appendix of the report. A map of Ohio Known Karst Areas is attached in the

J&L Laboratories, Inc.

10773r1.doc /8/1/2010

Proposed Short Term Parking Garage Expansion at CHIA Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio Page 3 2.3 Earthquake The site is in the vicinity of recorded earthquake epicenters according to Ohio Earthquake Epicenters Map. The Ohio earthquake fault line map also indicated that one fault line was noted in vicinity of the site area. According to Ohios Building Code (2007), Table 1615.1.1, this site may be in Site Class D with estimated Shear Wave Velocity Vs of 600 to 1,200 (ft/s). This estimation is done only based on Standard Penetration Test Result and general soil type. Since a seismic wave measurement field test was performed done on July 9th 2010 in boring B-2 on this site, more accurate information is outlined in the attached report. 2.4 Underground Mines Information obtained from Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR), Division of Mines, no known underground mines are located in the vicinity of the project site area.

3.0 SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION 3.1 Planning C&S Engineers selected the test-boring locations and investigative program. A total of six (6) test borings were planned for the soil study. The client provided preliminary site plan and staked all test boring locations in the field. These test boring locations are shown on the attached figure - "Approximate Test Boring Locations" in the appendix of this report. All test boring locations were mapped by the client. Grade elevations of these test borings were not provided to us presently. Therefore, depths are used in our report and each boring log. The project site is occupied by existing parking lots or landscaping grass or trees. Due to the site conditions, an ATV drilling rig was used for the site exploration. J&L personnel contacted Ohio Utility Protection Services (OUPS), Oil & Gas Producers Underground Protection Services (OGPUPS), project owner, and utility companies whose names were made available to us prior to commencing test-boring operations. The field drilling operation was delayed nearly a month due to the underground utility clearance process. 3.2 Exploratory Test Boring The field explorations were performed in accordance with applicable ASTM Specifications. A CME D-750 ATV-mount drilling rig was mobilized to advance the test borings on May 20, 2010, June 22, 2010 through June 30, 2010. Representative disturbed samples of soil were collected at center-to-center interval of 5.0 (or 2.5 at few sampling depths) feet and a Standard J&L Laboratories, Inc.
10773r1.doc /8/1/2010

Proposed Short Term Parking Garage Expansion at CHIA Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio Page 4 Penetration Test (ASTM D-1586) were performed at each sampling interval. Undisturbed thinwalled, Shelby tube sample (in accordance with ASTM D-1587) was attempted in boring B-1. A 2 ID schedule 40 PVC casing was installed in the boring B-2 for Seismic Wave measurement purpose. The Seismic wave measurement was conducted in the field on July 9, 2010 by

Grumman Exploration, Inc. Test borings were monitored for the presence of groundwater during and upon completion of the drilling operations before filling the borehole. Long term groundwater monitoring was not planned for the project. The test drilling logs, included in the Appendix of this report, show the SPT resistance (N) values for each soil sample obtained in the test borings, and present the classification and description of soils or rock encountered at various depths in the test borings. 3.3 Sample Analysis A geotechnical engineer visually examined all soil and rock samples obtained during the field investigation. The engineer selected representative soil samples to be tested in the

laboratory for assistance in soil classification and determination of engineering properties of the soils. The tests consisted of Moisture Content Determination, Particle-Size Analysis, Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit and Plasticity Index Determinations, and One Dimensional Consolidation tests. All tests were performed in accordance with ASTM, AASHTO or other standards listed in a table located in the Appendix. The soils were classified in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS). A description of the classification system and the results of the laboratory tests are included in the Appendix.

4.0 SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS 4.1 Subsurface Soil and Rock Conditions Very similar subgrade conditions were encountered in all six (6) test borings. All test borings were advanced through soil outside pavement or sidewalk concrete areas. A thin layer (2 to 3 inches thick) of topsoil was found in boring B-1 and B-2. Fill material was found in the upper 3.5 feet in boring B-1, in the upper 5.0 feet in boring B-2, in the upper 7.5 feet in boring B5, and in the upper 3.5 feet in boring B-6. Relatively consistent subsurface conditions were encountered in the test borings. The subgrade soils found from all borings predominantly consisted of Silty Clay, Lean Clay with Sand, Sandy Lean Clay with Sand, Sandy Lean Clay with Gravel classified as CL (according to J&L Laboratories, Inc.
10773r1.doc /8/1/2010

Proposed Short Term Parking Garage Expansion at CHIA Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio Page 5 the Unified Soil Classification System-USCS). Silty Clay Sand (SC-SM) was found between depths of 35.0 to 40.0 feet in boring B-1. Silt with Sand (ML) was found between depths of 20.0 to 25.0 feet in boring B-6. Bedrock was not encountered in any test borings. Consistency of the cohesive soils was found to range from stiff to hard, but was predominantly very stiff to hard. Relative density of one non-cohesive sample found in boring B-1 was found to be dense. According to the soil density (or consistency) profile, it appeared that SPT blow count N values were consistently high below approximate depth of 25 (in most borings) to 30 feet (in boring B-2). Whether or not the trend was resulted from man-made filling construction is unknown. We think the soils in the upper 25 to 30 feet might not be as

consistent as in the lower portion of the subgrade. A summary of laboratory test results is included in the appendix of this report. The

laboratory test results indicate that the natural moisture contents of the tested cohesive soils ranged from 7 o 25%, but most of them are less than 15% (or equal to or less than their plastic limits). When CL soils have a moisture content less than 15%, the moisture content is normally within (or slightly less than) the optimum moisture content range. These moisture contents are typical for the CL soils in moist condition. Normally, soils with moisture contents greater than their liquid limits are in a liquid condition and have no shear strength. Soils with their moisture contents less than their liquid limits and greater than or equal to their plastic limits are in a plastic state, and have a potential for volume change. When natural moisture content of

cohesive soil is less than its plastic limits, the soil is in a semi-solid state and has low potential for volume change under certain loading pressure. One (1) consolidation test was performed using a sample obtained between depths of 8.0 and 9.0 feet from test boring B-1. This test indicated that an over consolidation ratio of 2.0 was found from the tested soil sample. The test result is attached in the appendix of the report. 4.2 Groundwater Conditions Water was only encountered in test boring B-2 during and upon completion of drilling operations at depths of 77.5 and 60.3 feet, respectively. It is possible that granular lenses exist between the clayey soils, and seepage water flowed inside the boring hole. It is common that dry hole condition can be found in stiff to hard clayey soils. The water level readings were conducted during a short period of time. The water level readings are listed in each boring log. More accurate water level readings may be obtained by

J&L Laboratories, Inc.

10773r1.doc /8/1/2010

Proposed Short Term Parking Garage Expansion at CHIA Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio Page 6 the installation of groundwater monitoring wells and conducting water level readings over a longer period of time or from other available records if it is required. The water level is subject to seasonal fluctuations and may be encountered where previously not recorded. During

construction, the contractor(s) should pay more attention on surface water flow and plan proper surface drainage (especially in low-lying areas) according to weather and seasonal factors.

5.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 5.1 Conclusions and Foundation Options Based on the above findings, we provide the following preliminary recommendations for the proposed foundation design. The subgrade soils in the upper 25 to 30 feet may be involved different staged glaciations or human construction activity. The relatively similar density profile in all six borings seems reveal this pattern. However, we dont have enough evidence to confirm this assumption. A hard stratum was found below 25 to 30 feet (the top layer). Conventional spread footing may be used to support the proposed column or wall footings if consolidation settlements are within the tolerable range. However, the total of six test borings drilled for mainly the purpose of preliminary study, and these borings are not considered sufficient for the final foundation design (to reveal possible strata changes between borings). Additional test borings in the middle portion of the site should be considered (unless previous investigations reveal more information on the site) in the future. End bearing drilled shafts can be used to support the heavy column load and provide very reliable foundation support if conventional spread footings are questionable, however, the cost can be much higher. As an alternative, we believe the GeopierTM foundation system can be considered as a suitable subgrade improvement system. The system has been used in many similar projects, and improved the seismic site class and greatly increase the soil bearing capacity (reduce the foundation cost). GeopierTM foundation system is invented to improve the subgrade soil density in the upper 25 to 30 feet. This site appeared to have the need for improvement mainly in the upper 25 feet of the subgrade. According to information provided by GeopierTM Foundation system, they have installed GeopierTM foundation to support a heavy column load of 5,000 kips.

J&L Laboratories, Inc.

10773r1.doc /8/1/2010

Proposed Short Term Parking Garage Expansion at CHIA Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio Page 7 We also discussed with the client and other team members the need for additional Seismic wave measuring inside the existing garage STG. Our drilling crew is capable of using a skid rig if the head space is more than 12 feet. We can keep searching lower profile drilling equipment for head space less than this vertical dimension.

6.0 Limitations This report is developed based on the field exploration program, laboratory soil and/or rock testing, and information secured for design studies. It should be noted that the site

exploration identified actual subsurface conditions only at those locations where samples are obtained. The data derived through sampling and the subsequent laboratory testing program was reduced by geotechnical engineers and geologists who then render an opinion regarding the overall subsurface conditions, and their likely reaction on the site. Information regarding project foundation design (such as foundation type, size, recommended CBR values etc.) is preliminary information that is developed and based mainly on geotechnical data to aid the project design engineer. This report is not prepared for potential construction contractor(s) since on-site testing was only performed at limited locations for preliminary site study purpose. Project design engineers should conduct additional analysis to finalize their design. The overall subsurface conditions may differ slightly from those inferred on the basis of drilling and sampling. The subsurface conditions described are based on an examination of the soil or rock samples obtained at the sampling intervals. The soil deposits or rock formations, including fill material, may vary between the sampling intervals and between the test boring locations. Variation in subsurface conditions from those indicated in this report may become apparent during the earthwork and/or installation of the foundations. Such variations may require

changes and/or modifications in our recommendations. Such changes may cause time delays and/or additional costs. Owners must be made aware of these limitations and must incorporate them in the design budget and scheduling of the project. This report has been prepared for the exclusive use of the project owner, Cleveland Port Authority, and the project design engineer, C&S Engineers, Inc. for the specific application to the proposed Short Term Parking Garage Expansion in Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio.

J&L Laboratories, Inc.

10773r1.doc /8/1/2010

APPENDIX

Site Location Map

J&L Project No. JL10773 Project CHIA Parking Garage Expansion Location Cleveland, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio Client C&S Engineers

N
Scale (No Scale)

FOR DOWNHOLE SEISMIC TEST

820'0"W

810'0"W

EARTHQUAKE EPICENTERS IN OHIO

. !
420'0"N

420'0"N

1990 1998

2000

. !

2007 2003

2007

. !

. ! . ! . ! ! . ! . . ! 2000 ! . 1995 . ! .! ! . . ! ! . . ! .! ! . ! ! . ! . . ! 2002 2006 ! . ! . ! .. ! . . 2008 2009 ! ! . . ! 2007 1989 . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! 2006 2009 . ! ! . 2005 . ! . ! 1995 . ! . 2010 ! ! .! 2005 . . ! ! . ! . ! . . . ! ! 2006 ! . . 2010 2005 ! . ! ACEO . ! ! . . ! 2008 . ! . ! 2002 . ! . ! . ! . ! . ! ! . . ! 2010 1858 2009 . . ! ! .! . WILLOUGHBY 2008 ! . LECO ! ! . ! . 2003 1943 ! 2010 . 1991 1951 1986 . ! ! . . ! LCCO KIRTLAND EUCLID

. ! 2006 . 2006 !

. !

. !

_ ^

_! ^ .

. !

_ ^

EXPLANATION Instrumental Epicenters Historical Epicenters

Magnitude, mbLg Magnitude, Mercalli

. AVON LAKE CLEVELAND ! . ! LORAIN

HURON VERMILION AMHERST

1906 1929 1868 LYNDHURST

WILLOUGHBY HILLS

80

ELYRIA . 1883 !

90
AVON

LAKEWOOD 1836
480

. ^ . ! ! .! ! ._ 490 CLEO

. !

2.0 - 3.0 3.0 - 4.0 4.0 - 5.0 5.0 and up

. !

2.0 - 3.0 3.0 - 4.0 4.0 - 5.0 5.0 and up Seismic Stations

PEPPER PIKE

BEDFORD

NORTH RIDGEVILLE

PARMA

! .

1850
SOLON . !

1955 1991 1988

CORTLAND

OBERLIN

! .
410'0"N

1899

STRONGSVILLE NORTH ROYALTON BRECKSVILLE 2010 TWINSBURG BRUNSWICK . HUDSON STREETSBORO 271 !

1955

MEDINA

FAIRLAWN

! . . !

71

NORTON RITTMAN

1940 1940 1940

! .

1886

277 1888
GREEN

BARBERTON

. !
MUCO

. 1940 ! ! .
820'0"W

CANAL FULTON NORTH CANTON

ALLIANCE
810'0"W

_ ^

680

SALEM

16

24

32 Scale in Kilometers

DISCLAIMER This product of the Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey is intended to provide general information only and should not be used for any other purposes. It is not intended for resale or to replace site-specific investigations. These data were complied by the Ohio Division of Geological Survey, which reserves the publication rights to this material. If these data are used in the compilation of other data sets or maps for distribution or publication, this source must be referenced. Recommended bibliographic citation: 2002 (Revised 2008), Earthquake epicenters in Ohio and adjacent areas: Ohio Division of Geological Survey Map EG-2, Internet Mapping Service, http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/website/geosurvey/earthquakes/viewer.htm

14

21

28

35 Scale in Miles

~dp~

410'0"N

1998

AKRON 77 WADSWORTH

! . ! .
77

! .

480

. ! 2007 AURORA

! .

. !

. !

. !

! .

. !
_ ^

. !

! .

WARREN NEWTON FALLS NILES GIRARD

1885 STOW KSUO . KENT RAVENNA 1998 !

_ ^

TALLMADGE

2000

76

YOUNGSTOWN
CANFIELD

ABANDONED MINES OF OHIO

INDEX MAP

AVON LAKE BAY VILLAGE

AVON TWP.
WESTLAKE AVON LORAIN

254 DOVER TWP. 252

ROCKY RIVER

90

254

LAKEWOOD

6 CITY OF CLEVELAND TWP.

ROCKPORT TWP.
FAIRVIEW PARK

237

Map provided by the Ohio Geological Survey http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/geosurvey

20

CLEVELAND

CUYAHOGA

71

BROOKLYN TWP.
BROOKLYN

Legend
< !
Air Shaft Drift Entry Vertical Mine Shaft Inclined Mine Shaft Mine Points - Unassociated Underground Mines - outline Affected Permitted Underground Mines - Extent Partially Unknown Underground Mines

{
17

10 RIDGEVILLE TWP.

480

PARMA

252
BEREA

OLMSTED TWP.

291 MIDDLEBURG TWP.

BROOK PARK

PARMA TWP.

OLMSTED FALLS

237

MIDDLEBURG HEIGHTS

PARMA HEIGHTS

42

0 0.3750.75

1.5

2.25 Kilometers 3

3 Miles

00.375 0.75 1.5 2.25

DISCLAIMER This product of the Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey is intended to provide general information only and should not be used for any other purposes. It is not intended for resale or to replace site-specific investigations. These data were complied by the Ohio Division of Geological Survey, which reserves the publication rights to this material. If these data are used in the compilation of other data sets or maps for distribution or publication, this source must be referenced.

NORTH OLMSTED

5 4 4 5

Page 1 of 1

http://img.geocaching.com/cache/795bdeed-51f6-4c03-9417-041d919784c6.jpg

5/8/2010

Grumman Exploration, Inc.

2309 Dorset Road Columbus, Ohio 43221 (614) 488-7860 tel; (614) 488-8945 fax Non-destructive Subsurface Exploration Near-surface Geophysics

July 15, 2010

John Xu J&L Laboratories, Inc. 215 Rainbow St. Wadsworth, OH 44281 RE: Report of Downhole Seismic Testing for the Proposed Cleveland Hopkins International Airport Short Term Parking Garage Expansion Project Located at Terminal Drive and Park Road in Cleveland, Ohio; GEI Project No. 01-30046

Dear John: Grumman Exploration, Inc. has completed the downhole seismic testing at the above referenced project site located at Cleveland Hopkins International Airport. This letter-report summarizes the field procedures used and results of the tests performed at this site. The attached spreadsheets and plots summarize the estimated seismic velocities and derived parameters for the borehole tested. Project Description J&L Laboratories, Inc. is engaged in geotechnical investigations at the Proposed Cleveland Hopkins International Airport Short Term Garage Expansion project site. Downhole seismic testing of a single borehole was requested to assist in the evaluation and design of structures proposed for this project. Among the requirements and assumptions of the downhole testing procedure are: homogeneous isotropic subsurface materials, consistent annular space material, filling and diameter, and minimal ambient noise. The test borehole, B-2, is located in a grassy parkway area near the southeast corner of the existing short term parking garage complex. Field Procedures Grumman Exploration, Inc. conducted downhole seismic tests on borehole B-2 (renamed B2) on July 9, 2010 as specified by J&L Laboratories, Inc. The borehole was lined with approximately 99.5-ft of 2" diameter PVC casing and was grouted in-place using a cement bentonite grout.

Report of Downhole Seismic Testing Proposed Cleveland Hopkins International Airport Short Term Garage Expansion Terminal Drive and Park Road, Cleveland, Ohio J&L Laboratories, Inc. July 15, 2010 Page 2

The following field equipment and procedures were used to conduct the tests: Geometrics, Inc. SmartSeis S-12, 12 channel, digital signal enhancement seismograph, Two (2) triaxial downhole geophones, 5-ft geophone separations with mechanical sidewall clamping mechanisms, and Sledge hammer source, steel plate and weighted wood plank.

Tests were performed at 5-ft intervals using a 5-ft geophone separation. The seismograph sampling rate was 62.5 microseconds (0.063 milli-seconds) with a total sweep time of 128 milliseconds; This resulted in a total of 2048 samples per channel for each test. The test preparation procedures consisted of lowering the geophones to the desired test depth. Three tests were performed at each test interval using multiple impacts from a sledgehammer striking a steel plate. The plate was struck from three positions on the plank: top (P-wave) and opposite sides (S wave, opposing polarities). The impacts from opposite sides of the plank were used to help identify the onset of the shear wave by observing the reversal in wave polarity. Between 1 and 3 impacts were stacked to help enhance the compressional (P) and shear (S) wave signatures and cancel spurious noise effects. A 4WD vehicle was used to weight the plank. The data were observed and recorded in the field during acquisition and later returned to the offices of Grumman Exploration, Inc. for further review and analysis. The analysis consisted of estimating the earliest onset of the P-wave and S wave for each depth level tested. The compressional and shear-wave arrivals were estimated using the results from the string of three geophones at each test depth. A computer program developed by Grumman Exploration, Inc. was used to extract, compare and display the P and S-wave traces for the geophones used for each test interval. Using the arrival time estimates, P and S wave velocities were calculated for each depth interval. The velocity calculation was based on the difference in arrival times and straightline travel distances to each geophone using the in-hole depth to each geophone and the ground-level offset distance of the seismic impulse. Apparently erroneous or unrealistically high or low velocity estimates were eliminated from the data summary tables. Because three geophones were used for each test, multiple velocity estimates were available for some of the geophone positions. Downhole Seismic Testing Results The attached spreadsheets summarize the downhole seismic testing results for the test borehole B-2 at the proposed Short Term Garage Expansion site located at Cleveland Hopkins International Airport in Cleveland, Ohio. The spreadsheet includes a summary of Grumman Exploration, Inc.
2309 Dorset Road, Columbus, Ohio 43221 (614) 488-7860 tel, (614) 488-8945 fax

Report of Downhole Seismic Testing Proposed Cleveland Hopkins International Airport Short Term Garage Expansion Terminal Drive and Park Road, Cleveland, Ohio J&L Laboratories, Inc. July 15, 2010 Page 3 the shear wave velocity (Vs) and compressional wave velocity (Vp) estimates. Plots of the estimated compressional and shear wave velocity profiles are included on Figure 1. Figure 2 illustrates a composite of some of the seismic waveforms used in the analysis of the test results. The table below presents the estimated compressional and shear wave velocities for B-2. Estimated Velocity (ft/sec) Vp
4656 8712 9637 8137 8196 9878 4953 7100 7107 9964 9969 8311 6237 7130 8319 8319

Test Interval Depth (ft)

5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 65.0 70.0 75.0 80.0 85.0 90.0 92.5 95.0

Vs
340 508 1190 982 1301 1391 1226 1201 1235 1375 1459 1307 1308 1555 2074 2622 1384 1278 1187 1173

The estimated shear-wave velocities (Vs) from the ground surface to a depth of approximately 10-ft are low and may reflect a zone of poorly consolidated shallow fill. From approximately 25-ft to 70-ft, Vs is estimated in a fairly narrow range of 1200 fps up to 1400 fps, with occasional Vs estimates slightly higher or lower. A stratum of higher Vs is observed between approximately 70-ft and 85-ft, while Vs returns to a levels close to 1200 fps from 85-ft to the end of the boring. The Vs waveforms were reasonably well developed throughout the test hole making the shear wave velocity estimates more reliable. The compressional wave velocity (Vp) estimates were consistently in the 7000 fps to 9000 fps range over most of the test hole, with a few locations exhibiting higher or lower Vp values. Note that for saturated materials, Vp cannot be lower than ~ 4,900 fps, which is the approximate acoustic wave velocity of fresh water. The P-waveforms were less well developed throughout most of test borehole compared to the S-waveforms. This in turn Grumman Exploration, Inc.
2309 Dorset Road, Columbus, Ohio 43221 (614) 488-7860 tel, (614) 488-8945 fax

Report of Downhole Seismic Testing Proposed Cleveland Hopkins International Airport Short Term Garage Expansion Terminal Drive and Park Road, Cleveland, Ohio J&L Laboratories, Inc. July 15, 2010 Page 4 makes the Vp estimates less relaiable, although a range of 7000 to 9000 fps is consistent for some of the denser, more consolidated materials noted in the boring log. Bias in the arrival time picks and consequently the velocity estimates could result from one or more possible circumstances including: difficulty in estimating the S and P wave arrival times, irregular or incomplete borehole annular space filling, refraction or multi-pathing effects (non-straight line or multiple travel paths), limitations on the resolution of the digitized signal, and the presence of interfering noise and other wavetrains. These results should be reviewed by the geotechnical or structural engineer or consultant that will be performing the foundation and structural design analysis for this site. General Qualifications The downhole seismic data presented herein represent estimates of subsurface properties in the immediate vicinity of the boreholes tested using the measurement procedures described above. No warranty, certification, or statement of fact, either expressed or implied, regarding actual subsurface properties surrounding the borehole tested is contained herein. If questions or uncertainties exist regarding the actual parameter values, supplemental insitu or laboratory tests or other invasive explorations should be conducted to document actual subsurface material properties. No inference of subsurface properties can be made for depth intervals not tested. Grumman Exploration, Inc. has appreciated this opportunity to be of service to J&L Laboratories, Inc. If you have any questions or comments regarding this report, please feel free to contact us. Sincerely, Grumman Exploration, Inc.

David L. Grumman, Jr. President/Geophysicist Attachments: B-2 Downhole Seismic Summary.xls B-2 Velocity vs. Depth Plot (Figure 1) B-2 Downhole Seismic Test Waveforms Plot (Figure 2)

Grumman Exploration, Inc.

2309 Dorset Road, Columbus, Ohio 43221 (614) 488-7860 tel, (614) 488-8945 fax

FOR DOWNHOLE SEISMIC TEST

Project: Cleveland Hopkins Intl Airport - Short Term Parking Garage Expansion
Location: Park Rd. & Terminal Dr., Cleveland, OH Borehole: B-2 Test ID (5-ft test interval) A B C Avg (fpsDepth Depth
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0 16.5 17.0 17.5 18.0 18.5 19.0 19.5 20.0 20.5 21.0 21.5 22.0 22.5 23.0 23.5 24.0 24.5 25.0 25.5 26.0 26.5 27.0 27.5 28.0 28.5 29.0 29.5 30.0 30.5 31.0 31.5 32.0 32.5 33.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0 16.5 17.0 17.5 18.0 18.5 19.0 19.5 20.0 20.5 21.0 21.5 22.0 22.5 23.0 23.5 24.0 24.5 25.0 25.5 26.0 26.5 27.0 27.5 28.0 28.5 29.0 29.5 30.0 30.5 31.0 31.5 32.0 32.5 33.0

Wave Type : Ground Offset

Shear 7 ft Velocity

23.20

340

340

31.50

32.00

508

508

31.60

40.00

1190

1190

35.40

36.20

982

982

51.00

41.00

1301

1301

54.70

46.00

1391

1391

50.40

49.50

33.5 34.0 34.5 35.0 35.5 36.0 36.5 37.0 37.5 38.0 38.5 39.0 39.5 40.0 40.5 41.0 41.5 42.0 42.5 43.0 43.5 44.0 44.5 45.0 45.5 46.0 46.5 47.0 47.5 48.0 48.5 49.0 49.5 50.0 50.5 51.0 51.5 52.0 52.5 53.0 53.5 54.0 54.5 55.0 55.5 56.0 56.5 57.0 57.5 58.0 58.5 59.0 59.5 60.0 60.5 61.0 61.5 62.0 62.5 63.0 63.5 64.0 64.5 65.0 65.5 66.0 66.5 67.0 67.5 68.0 68.5 69.0 69.5 70.0 70.5

1226

1226

54.40

54.40

1201

1201

58.50

58.50

1235

1235

62.50

63.40

1375

1375

67.00

67.00

1459

1459

70.40

71.10

1307

1307

75.10

74.90

1308

1308

78.90

79.50

1555

1555

33.5 34.0 34.5 35.0 35.5 36.0 36.5 37.0 37.5 38.0 38.5 39.0 39.5 40.0 40.5 41.0 41.5 42.0 42.5 43.0 43.5 44.0 44.5 45.0 45.5 46.0 46.5 47.0 47.5 48.0 48.5 49.0 49.5 50.0 50.5 51.0 51.5 52.0 52.5 53.0 53.5 54.0 54.5 55.0 55.5 56.0 56.5 57.0 57.5 58.0 58.5 59.0 59.5 60.0 60.5 61.0 61.5 62.0 62.5 63.0 63.5 64.0 64.5 65.0 65.5 66.0 66.5 67.0 67.5 68.0 68.5 69.0 69.5 70.0 70.5

71.0 71.5 72.0 72.5 73.0 73.5 74.0 74.5 75.0 75.5 76.0 76.5 77.0 77.5 78.0 78.5 79.0 79.5 80.0 80.5 81.0 81.5 82.0 82.5 83.0 83.5 84.0 84.5 85.0 85.5 86.0 86.5 87.0 87.5 88.0 88.5 89.0 89.5 90.0 90.5 91.0 91.5 92.0 92.5 93.0 93.5 94.0 94.5 95.0 95.5 96.0 96.5 97.0 97.5 98.0 98.5 99.0 99.5

83.30

82.70

2074

2074

85.70

87.30

2622

2622

91.80

89.20

1384

1384

95.40

93.60

1278

98.80

1278

99.50

97.50

1187

1173

103.00

1173

103.75

71.0 71.5 72.0 72.5 73.0 73.5 74.0 74.5 75.0 75.5 76.0 76.5 77.0 77.5 78.0 78.5 79.0 79.5 80.0 80.5 81.0 81.5 82.0 82.5 83.0 83.5 84.0 84.5 85.0 85.5 86.0 86.5 87.0 87.5 88.0 88.5 89.0 89.5 90.0 90.5 91.0 91.5 92.0 92.5 93.0 93.5 94.0 94.5 95.0 95.5 96.0 96.5 97.0 97.5 98.0 98.5 99.0 99.5

Notes: Shaded cells are geophone locations w/ est'd arrival times (msec), Red values are velocity estimates (fps) for depth interval

Cleveland Hopkins STP Garage Downhole Seismic

Compressional-wave (P), vertical gephone Shear-wave (S) Geophone L1, Polarity 1 Shear-wave (S) Geophone L1, Polarity 2 Shear-wave (S) Geophone L2, Polarity 1 Shear-wave (S) Geophone L2, Polarity 2

Estimated compressional (P) wave arrival

2309 Dorset Road, Columbus, Ohio 43221

Grumman Exploration, Inc.

Near-surface Geophysics, Non-destructive Subsurface Exploration

Park Rd. & Terminal Dr. Cleveland, OH

Estimated shear (S) wave arrival

Geometrics S-12 12 Channel seismograph 2 triaxial 28 Hz geophones, 5-ft separation 5-ft test interval Test date: July 9, 2010

dlg C&S Laboratories

By Client

Legend:

0.8

55-ft-0.4
-0.8

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

100

105

110

115

120

125

130

40 0.4

57.5

20

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

7.5

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

-20 -0.4

60-ft

10-ft
-40

20

Geophone/Test Interval Depth: 97.5 to 52.5 (ft below ground surface)

0.4

Geophone/Test Interval Depth: 47.5 to 7.5 (ft below ground surface)

62.5

10

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

12.5

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

65-ft

-0.4

15-ft

-10

-20

0.4

67.5

0.2

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

17.5

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

-0.4

0.4

0.2

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

75-ft

-0.2

25-ft -1

-0.4

0.4

0.4

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

80-ft -0.4

30-ft -0.4

0.4 1

0.2

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

-0.2

85-ft
-0.4

35-ft-1

0.2

0.1

0 0 -0.1 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

90-ft
-0.2

40-ft -1

0.4 1 0.2

0 0 -0.2 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

95-ft-0.4

45-ft
-1

0.4
1

0.2

97.5

47.5

0 0 -0.2 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

-1

-0.4

Time (msec)

Time (msec)

Figure

Title

B-2 Downhole Seismic Testing Data Plots for Lower Geophone: 5-ft to 95-ft; Test Intervals at 5-ft increments

70-ft

-0.2

20-ft -1

72.5

77.5

82.5

87.5

92.5

42.5

37.5

32.5

27.5

22.5

Project

Project No.

0.4

Notes:

52.5

Location

01-30046

Checked

Scale

Date

As shown

7/14/10

Estimated Velocity (fps) B-2

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Depth (ft)

45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95
0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5

Poisson's Ratio

Legend
P-wave Velocity (fps) S-wave Velocity (fps) Poisson's Ratio
Project

Grumman Exploration, Inc.

2309 Dorset Road, Columbus, Ohio 43221
Near-surface Geophysics, Non-destructive Subsurface Exploration

Cleveland Hopkins STP Garage Downhole Seismic

Location Client

Park Rd. & Terminal Dr., Cleveland, OH J&L Laboratories 01-30046

By

dlg

Date Scale

7/13/10 nts

Figure

Title

B-2; Estimated Velocity vs. Depth

Project No.

Checked

Downhole Seismic Testing Summary Table

Test/Well ID: Project: Location: Client/Owner: B-2 Cleveland Hopkins Intl Airport - Short Term Parking Garage Expansion Park Rd. & Terminal Dr., Cleveland, OH Test Date: 7/9/2010 J&L Laboratories, Inc. Calc. Date: 7/25/2010 Field Staff: dlg Well Descr.: 2" PVC, grouted, ~99.5' depth BGS Data Proc by: dlg 5-ft Geophone Test Spacing Velocity Poisson's Interval (ft/sec) Ratio Depth (ft) Vp Vs Depth (ft) Material Descr/Class
5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 65.0 70.0 75.0 80.0 85.0 90.0 95.0 6237 7130 8319 9964 9969 8311 4656 8712 9637 8137 8196 9878 4953 7100 7107 340 508 1190 982 1301 1391 1226 1201 1235 1375 1459 1307 1308 1555 2074 2622 1384 1278 1173 0.474 0.483 0.490 0.491 0.488 0.467 0.497 0.498 0.495 0.487 0.485 0.492 0.469 0.481 0.478 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00

Grumman Exploration, Inc.

2309 Dorset Road Columbus, Ohio 43221-3145 (614) 488-7860 tel Eqp: Geometrics S-12 Seismograph 3 triaxial geophones sledge hammer impulse source

A) Field Operation

Shear wave (S) Shot

PVC cased borehole

Seismograph

Compressional wave (P) Shot

Vibration Sensors (geophones)

B) Sample Waveforms
Geophone #1 (shallow)
4

C) Velocity vs. Depth Plots

Estimated Velocity (fps) B-##
0 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000

0 0 -4 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75

10

15
8

DEPTH

4 0 -4 -8 0 5 10 15 20

20

TIME (msec)

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

Depth (ft)
Legend
P-wave Velocity (fps) S-wave Velocity (fps) Poisson's Ratio

25

30

8 4 0 -4 -8 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75

35

40

45

Geophone #4 (deep)

50 0.3 0.35 0.4 Poisson's Ratio 0.45 0.5

8 4 0 -4 -8 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75

P-wave arrival

S-wave arrival

Grumman Exploration, Inc.

2309 Dorset Road, Columbus, Ohio 43221
Near-surface Geophysics, Non-destructive Subsurface Exploration Project Location Client Project No. By

Notes: Geometrics, Inc. S12, 12-chan seismograph 5-ft triaxial geophone spacing, 4 geophones Sledge-hammer impulse source Grumman Exploration, Inc. 2002
Figure Title

DOWNHOLE SEISMIC TESTING EXAMPLE dlg

Date Scale

5/01/02
nts

Schematic Downhole Testing Procedures and Results

Checked

BOREHOLE NUMBER

FIELD BOREHOLE LOG

PROJECT NUMBER: PROJECT NAME: LOCATION: CLIENT: DRILLING CO: DRILLING METHOD: DRILLERS: GEOLOGIST: JL10773 CHIA Parking Lot Expansion Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, OH C&S Engineers, Inc. MOD 3-1/4" HSA Tuttle, Gregory LC DATE BEGUN: 6/30/2010 STATION: N/A TOTAL DEPTH: 71.5' WATER LEVELS: DURING DRILLING: UPON COMPLETION: AFTER COMPLETION:

B-1
DATE COMPLETED: 6/30/2010 OFFSET: N/A SURFACE ELEVATION: N/A

Dry Dry N/A DEPTH (ft) W% ELEV. (ft)

0

SAMPLE INFORMATION DEPTH (ft) NO. TYPE BLOWS/0.5 (ft) N N60

0.0

DESCRIPTION

TOPSOIL: 3" 1 SS 6-8-8 16 FILL: Brown, medium dense SILTY CLAYEY SAND, trace gravel, asphalt, slag, moist.

0.3

13
3.5

2
5.0

SS

3-4-5

CL: Brown/gray mottled, stiff LEAN CLAY WITH SAND to SANDY LEAN CLAY WITH GRAVEL, moist. NOTE: Shelby tubes were pushed at 8.0 and 18.0 ft. Hydrulic pump peak reading was 1000 and 1500 psi during tube pussing at 8 and 18.0 ft, respectively.

17
-5

3
10.0

ST

REC: 19"

--

-NOTE: Shelby tube was pushed at 18.0 feet. No recovery due to possibly rock fragments in soil. SPT immediately was followed.
-10

4
15.0

SS

4-6-8

14

13
-15

5A 5
20.0

ST SS

REC: 0" 9-10

-10+

--CL: Gray, hard to very stiff LEAN CLAY WITH SAND, trace gravel, moist. 10
-20

6
25.0

SS

8-15-17

32

24.0

9
-25

7
30.0

SS

13-14-20

34

10
-30

8
35.0

SS

9-12-16

28 SC-SM: Gray, dense SILTY CLAY SAND, trace gravel, moist.

35.0

10
-35

9
40.0

SS

16-22-25

47 CL: Gray, very stiff to hard LEAN CLAY WITH SAND, moist. NOTE: It took much longer time to drill through the hard soil layers. The driller was running out of time to compete the bore hole to originally planned depth of 100 ft before
40.0

9
-40

10
45.0

SS

9-13-18

31

11
-45

J&L-ENG5 LOG (rev. 01/14/02)

PAGE 1 OF 2

BOREHOLE NUMBER

FIELD BOREHOLE LOG

PROJECT NUMBER: PROJECT NAME: LOCATION: CLIENT: DRILLING CO: DRILLING METHOD: DRILLERS: GEOLOGIST: JL10773 CHIA Parking Lot Expansion Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, OH C&S Engineers, Inc. MOD 3-1/4" HSA Tuttle, Gregory LC DATE BEGUN: 6/30/2010 STATION: N/A TOTAL DEPTH: 71.5' WATER LEVELS: DURING DRILLING: UPON COMPLETION: AFTER COMPLETION:

B-1
DATE COMPLETED: 6/30/2010 OFFSET: N/A SURFACE ELEVATION: N/A

Dry Dry N/A DEPTH (ft) W% ELEV. (ft)

SAMPLE INFORMATION DEPTH (ft) NO. TYPE BLOWS/0.5 (ft) N N60

DESCRIPTION

45.0

dark. After didcussion with the driller, J&L decided to terminate the bore hole as dep as possible before dark. In order to avoid the possibility of auger freezing in the ground, J&L did not recommend leaving the auger in the bore hole overnight. 11 SS 6-11-14 25 13

-45

50.0

-50

12
55.0

SS

7-9-11

20

13
-55

13
60.0

SS

9-11-16

27

13
-60

14
65.0

SS

17-25-50

50+

9
-65

70.0

-70

15

SS

15-20-28

48 TERMINATION DEPTH: 71.5'

12

J&L-ENG5 LOG (rev. 01/14/02)

PAGE 2 OF 2

BOREHOLE NUMBER

FIELD BOREHOLE LOG

PROJECT NUMBER: PROJECT NAME: LOCATION: CLIENT: DRILLING CO: DRILLING METHOD: DRILLERS: GEOLOGIST: JL10773 CHIA Parking Lot Expansion Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, OH C&S Engineers, Inc. MOD 3-1/4" HSA Tuttle, Gregory N/A DATE BEGUN: 6/29/2010 STATION: N/A TOTAL DEPTH: 100' WATER LEVELS: DURING DRILLING: UPON COMPLETION: AFTER COMPLETION:

B-2
DATE COMPLETED: 6/29/2010 OFFSET: N/A SURFACE ELEVATION: N/A

77.5' 60.3' N/A DEPTH (ft) W% ELEV. (ft)

0

SAMPLE INFORMATION DEPTH (ft) NO. TYPE BLOWS/0.5 (ft) N N60

0.0

DESCRIPTION

TOPSOIL: 2" 1 SS 4-6-6 12 FILL: Brown, medium dense to loose SILTY CLAYEY SAND, trace gravel, asphalt, slag, moist.

0.2

2
5.0

SS

3-2-3

5 CL: Dark brown to brown/gray mottled, stiff SANDY LEAN CLAY WITH GRAVEL, moist to very moist. NOTE: This boring was drilled for Seismic testing purpose. 2" ID Schedule 40 PVC casing was installed in the borehole after completion of drilling. Grouting and casing installation were done according to ASTM D7400 Specification - Downhole Seismic Testing. Water was filled in the casing immediately after casing installation to counterbalance buoyancy. Water was bailed out after the casing was set in the following day.
5.0

24
-5

3
10.0

ST

3-4-6

10

16
-10

4
15.0

SS

4-6-9

15

13
-15

5
20.0

SS

3-5-7

12

17
-20

6
25.0

SS

3-6-7

13

21
-25

7
30.0

SS

9-12-17

29

CL: Gray, very stiff to hard LEAN CLAY WITH SAND to LEAN CLAY, trace gravel, moist. NOTE: Water found in the borehole was most likely from water perched in the upper 28.5 feet soil layers where granula lenses were found.

28.5

9
-30

8
35.0

SS

9-14-16

30

11
-35

9
40.0

SS

10-13-16

29

1
-40

10
45.0

SS

6-9-14

23

16
-45

J&L-ENG5 LOG (rev. 01/14/02)

PAGE 1 OF 3

BOREHOLE NUMBER

FIELD BOREHOLE LOG

PROJECT NUMBER: PROJECT NAME: LOCATION: CLIENT: DRILLING CO: DRILLING METHOD: DRILLERS: GEOLOGIST: JL10773 CHIA Parking Lot Expansion Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, OH C&S Engineers, Inc. MOD 3-1/4" HSA Tuttle, Gregory N/A DATE BEGUN: 6/29/2010 STATION: N/A TOTAL DEPTH: 100' WATER LEVELS: DURING DRILLING: UPON COMPLETION: AFTER COMPLETION:

B-2
DATE COMPLETED: 6/29/2010 OFFSET: N/A SURFACE ELEVATION: N/A

77.5' 60.3' N/A DEPTH (ft) W% ELEV. (ft)

SAMPLE INFORMATION DEPTH (ft) NO. TYPE BLOWS/0.5 (ft) N N60

DESCRIPTION

45.0

-45

11
50.0

SS

7-11-12

23

11
-50

12
55.0

SS

8-15-21

36

11
-55

13
60.0

SS

10-14-21

35

11
-60

14
65.0

SS

7-11-15

26

13
-65

15
70.0

SS

10-12-16

28

10
-70

16
75.0

SS

5-8-13

21

15
-75

17
80.0

SS

5-10-17

27

12
-80

18
85.0

SS

5-8-8

16

CL: Gray, very stiff to stiff LEAN CLAY, moist.

83.5

18
-85

19

SS

5-7-9

16

19

J&L-ENG5 LOG (rev. 01/14/02)

PAGE 2 OF 3

BOREHOLE NUMBER

FIELD BOREHOLE LOG

PROJECT NUMBER: PROJECT NAME: LOCATION: CLIENT: DRILLING CO: DRILLING METHOD: DRILLERS: GEOLOGIST: JL10773 CHIA Parking Lot Expansion Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, OH C&S Engineers, Inc. MOD 3-1/4" HSA Tuttle, Gregory N/A DATE BEGUN: 6/29/2010 STATION: N/A TOTAL DEPTH: 100' WATER LEVELS: DURING DRILLING: UPON COMPLETION: AFTER COMPLETION:

B-2
DATE COMPLETED: 6/29/2010 OFFSET: N/A SURFACE ELEVATION: N/A

77.5' 60.3' N/A DEPTH (ft) W% ELEV. (ft)

SAMPLE INFORMATION DEPTH (ft) NO. TYPE BLOWS/0.5 (ft) N N60

DESCRIPTION

90.0

-90

20
95.0

SS

3-5-9

14

19
-95

21
100.0

SS

4-5-8

13 TERMINATION DEPTH: 100.0'

19
-100

J&L-ENG5 LOG (rev. 01/14/02)

PAGE 3 OF 3

BOREHOLE NUMBER

FIELD BOREHOLE LOG

PROJECT NUMBER: PROJECT NAME: LOCATION: CLIENT: DRILLING CO: DRILLING METHOD: DRILLERS: GEOLOGIST: JL10773 CHIA Parking Lot Expansion Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, OH C&S Engineers, Inc. RDI 3-1/4" HSA Simpson, Scofield N/A DATE BEGUN: 6/22/2010 STATION: N/A TOTAL DEPTH: 40.0 WATER LEVELS: DURING DRILLING: UPON COMPLETION: AFTER COMPLETION:

B-3
DATE COMPLETED: 6/22/2010 OFFSET: N/A SURFACE ELEVATION: N/A

Dry Dry N/A DEPTH (ft) W% ELEV. (ft)

0

SAMPLE INFORMATION DEPTH (ft) NO. TYPE BLOWS/0.5 (ft) N N60

0.0

DESCRIPTION

SS

2-4-4-3

CL: Brown, medium stiff SANDY LEAN CLAY, trace gravel, moist.

13

2
5.0

SS

5-8-12

20

CL: Brown, very stiff to stiff SANDY LEAN CLAY, trace gravel, moist.

3.5

13
-5

3
10.0

ST

5-8-12

20

13
-10

4
15.0

SS

5-6-9

15

CL: Gray, very stiff LEAN CLAY WITH SAND, trace gravel, moist. NOTE: Soil became hard below depth of 29.0 ft.

13.0

13
-15

5
20.0

SS

4-5-10

15

16
-20

6
25.0

SS

7-11-11

22

10
-25

7
30.0

SS

11-14-11

25

10
-30

8
35.0

SS

11-14-15

29

10
-35

9
40.0

SS

6-10-14

24 TERMINATION DEPTH: 40.0'

12
-40

J&L-ENG5 LOG (rev. 01/14/02)

PAGE 1 OF 1

BOREHOLE NUMBER

FIELD BOREHOLE LOG

PROJECT NUMBER: PROJECT NAME: LOCATION: CLIENT: DRILLING CO: DRILLING METHOD: DRILLERS: GEOLOGIST: JL10773 CHIA Parking Lot Expansion Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, OH C&S Engineers, Inc. RDI 3-1/4" HSA Simpson, Scofield LC DATE BEGUN: 6/22/2010 STATION: N/A TOTAL DEPTH: 40.0 WATER LEVELS: DURING DRILLING: UPON COMPLETION: AFTER COMPLETION:

B-4
DATE COMPLETED: 6/22/2010 OFFSET: N/A SURFACE ELEVATION: N/A

Dry Dry N/A DEPTH (ft) W% ELEV. (ft)

0

SAMPLE INFORMATION DEPTH (ft) NO. TYPE BLOWS/0.5 (ft) N N60

0.0

DESCRIPTION

SS

2-2-3-3

CL: Brown, medium stiff SANDY LEAN CLAY, trace gravel, moist.

14

2
5.0

SS

4-6-10

16

CL: Brown, stiff to very stiff LEAN CLAY WITH SAND, trace gravel, moist.

3.5

14
-5

3
10.0

SS

3-4-6

10

CL: Brown, very stiff SANDY LEAN CLAY, trace gravel, moist.

8.0

14
-10

4
15.0

SS

5-6-8

14

CL: Gray, very stiff SANDY LEAN CLAY, trace gravel, moist.

13.5

13
-15

5
20.0

SS

5-8-10

18

12
-20

6
25.0

SS

5-8-10

18

10
-25

7
30.0

SS

8-11-14

25

CL: Gray, very stiff to hard SANDY LEAN CLAY, trace gravel, moist.

28.5

10
-30

8
35.0

SS

9-12-14

26

10
-35

9
40.0

SS

11-17-20

37 TERMINATION DEPTH: 40.0'

11
-40

J&L-ENG5 LOG (rev. 01/14/02)

PAGE 1 OF 1

BOREHOLE NUMBER

FIELD BOREHOLE LOG

PROJECT NUMBER: PROJECT NAME: LOCATION: CLIENT: DRILLING CO: DRILLING METHOD: DRILLERS: GEOLOGIST: JL10773 CHIA Parking Lot Expansion Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, OH C&S Engineers, Inc. RDI 3-1/4" HSA Simpson, Scofield LC DATE BEGUN: 6/22/2010 STATION: N/A TOTAL DEPTH: 45.0' WATER LEVELS: DURING DRILLING: UPON COMPLETION: AFTER COMPLETION:

B-5
DATE COMPLETED: 6/22/2010 OFFSET: N/A SURFACE ELEVATION: N/A

Dry Dry N/A DEPTH (ft) W% ELEV. (ft)

0

SAMPLE INFORMATION DEPTH (ft) NO. TYPE BLOWS/0.5 (ft) N N60

0.0

DESCRIPTION

SS

4-4-4-7

FILL: Brown, medium stiff SANDY LEAN CLAY, trace gravel, moist.

13

2
5.0

SS

1-3-4

16
-5

3
10.0

SS

2-6-7

13

CL: Brown, very stiff to stiff SANDY LEAN CLAY, trace gravel, moist.

7.5

17
-10

4
15.0

SS

5-9-14

23

CL: Brown, very stiff SANDY LEAN CLAY, trace gravel, moist.

13.0

14
-15

5
20.0

SS

3-4-7

11

15
-20

6
25.0

SS

6-12-21

33

CL: Gray, hard to stiff LEAN CLAY, trace gravel, moist. NOTE: The boring drilled deeper to varify the soil density at lower depth.

23.5

11
-25

7
30.0

SS

7-14-14

28

9
-30

8
35.0

SS

7-9-12

21

9
-35

9
40.0

SS

6-6-9

15

12
-40

10
45.0

SS

5-10-11

21

TERMINATION DEPTH: 45.0'

12
-45

J&L-ENG5 LOG (rev. 01/14/02)

PAGE 1 OF 1

BOREHOLE NUMBER

FIELD BOREHOLE LOG

PROJECT NUMBER: PROJECT NAME: LOCATION: CLIENT: DRILLING CO: DRILLING METHOD: DRILLERS: GEOLOGIST: JL10773 CHIA Parking Lot Expansion Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, OH C&S Engineers, Inc. RDI 3-1/4" HSA Simpson, Scofield LC DATE BEGUN: 6/22/2010 STATION: N/A TOTAL DEPTH: 40.0' WATER LEVELS: DURING DRILLING: UPON COMPLETION: AFTER COMPLETION:

B-6
DATE COMPLETED: 6/22/2010 OFFSET: N/A SURFACE ELEVATION: N/A

Dry Dry N/A DEPTH (ft) W% ELEV. (ft)

0

SAMPLE INFORMATION DEPTH (ft) NO. TYPE BLOWS/0.5 (ft) N N60

0.0

DESCRIPTION

SS

6-10-20-30

30

FILL: Brown/gray, medium dense FILL (limestone, asphalt, concrete, soil, slag), moist.

11

2
5.0

SS

2-3-4

CL: Brown, medium stiff to stiff LEAN CLAY WITH SAND, trace gravel, very moist to moist.

3.5

25
-5

SS

4-3-5

20

4
10.0

SS

3-6-7

13

16
-10

5
15.0

SS

6-7-10

17

13
-15

6
20.0

SS

3-3-15

18 ML: Gray, very stiff SILT WITH SAND, trace gravel, moist. NOTE: Most like this layer perches water.
20.0

17
-20

7
25.0

SS

7-10-12

22 CL: Gray, very stiff SANDY LEAN CLAY, trace gravel, moist.
25.0

17
-25

8
30.0

SS

7-10-17

27

13
-30

9
35.0

SS

8-10-12

22

10
-35

10
40.0

SS

6-8-14

22 TERMINATION DEPTH: 40.0'

12
-40

J&L-ENG5 LOG (rev. 01/14/02)

PAGE 1 OF 1

Project: CHIA Parking Garage Expansion

JL10773 LABORATORY TEST SUMMARY 7/16/2010

Particle Size Distribution

Client: C&S Engineers

Boring Number B-1

Sample Number 1 2 3 (ST) 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Depth (ft) 1.0 3.5 8.0 13.5 18.5 23.5 28.5 33.5 38.5 43.5 48.5 53.5 58.5 63.5 68.5

Moisture Content (%) 13 17 3/8" 100 100

Percent Passing (by weight) #4 97 99 #10 93 97 #40 81 90 #100 56 83 #200 47 80 Gravel 3 1 Cor. 4 2

Sand Med. 12 7 Fine 34 10 Silt -37 Clay -43 Fines 47 80

Atterberg Limits LL NP 28 PL NP 18 PI NP 10

USCS Classification SC-SM (FILL) CL VISUAL

13 10 9 10 10 9 11 13 13 13 9 12

87

83

79

71

66

62

17

--

--

62

--

--

--

CL VISUAL

100

98

93

82

75

71

11

11

32

39

71

30

12

18

CL VISUAL VISUAL

100

94

80

59

44

36

14

21

23

--

--

36

NP

NP

NP

SC-SM VISUAL VISUAL VISUAL

100

97

92

84

80

77

39

38

77

32

14

18

CL VISUAL

100

97

92

83

77

73

10

33

40

73

31

14

17

CL

B-2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

1.0 3.5 8.5 13.5 18.5 23.5 28.5 33.5 38.5 43.5 48.5 53.5 58.5 63.5 68.5 73.5 78.5 83.5 88.5 93.5 98.5

7 24 16 13 17 21 9 11 10 16 11 11 11 13 10 15 12 18 19 19 19

88 100

62 95

50 86

39 75

33 69

30 66

38 5

12 9

11 11

9 9

-27

-39

30 66

NP --

NP --

NP --

SC-SM (FILL) CL VISUAL VISUAL

100

99

94

87

83

79

37

42

79

31

18

13

CL VISUAL VISUAL

99

94

89

78

71

67

11

11

34

33

67

28

12

16

CL VISUAL

100

98

96

93

91

88

42

46

88

33

14

19

CL VISUAL VISUAL VISUAL

100

99

94

86

81

78

37

41

78

32

16

16

CL VISUAL

100

97

92

86

81

78

33

45

78

33

16

17

CL VISUAL VISUAL VISUAL VISUAL

100

98

95

91

88

86

38

48

86

32

19

13

CL

"Fines" = Silt and clay combined Sample depths indicate top of sample interval

Page 1 J&L Laboratories

Testing Summary (rev. 7/28/97)

Project: CHIA Parking Garage Expansion

JL10773 LABORATORY TEST SUMMARY 7/16/2010

Particle Size Distribution

Client: C&S Engineers

Boring Number B-3

Sample Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Depth (ft) 0.0 3.5 8.5 13.5 18.5 23.5 28.5 33.5 38.5

Moisture Content (%) 14 14 14 13 12 10 10 10 11 100 93 3/8" 88 100

Percent Passing (by weight) #4 82 95 #10 74 90 #40 63 81 #100 55 75 #200 50 70 Gravel 18 5 Cor. 8 5

Sand Med. 11 9 Fine 13 11 Silt -31 Clay -39 Fines 50 70

Atterberg Limits LL 28 -PL 12 -PI 16 --

USCS Classification CL CL VISUAL VISUAL

92

87

78

72

67

11

31

36

67

25

11

14

CL VISUAL VISUAL

97

92

82

74

69

10

13

29

40

69

27

12

15

CL VISUAL

B-4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

0.0 3.5 8.5 13.5 18.5 23.5 28.5 33.5 38.5

13 13 13 13 16 10 10 10 12

99

95

89

76

65

59

13

17

27

32

59

27

13

14

CL VISUAL

94

92

86

75

67

62

11

13

31

31

62

28

13

15

CL VISUAL

94

92

86

79

74

71

35

36

71

26

14

12

CL VISUAL

99

98

93

76

64

56

17

20

23

33

56

--

--

--

CL VISUAL VISUAL

B-5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

0.0 3.5 8.5 13.5 18.5 23.5 28.5 33.5 38.5 43.5

13 16 17 14 15 11 9 9 12 12

94

89

83

72

64

59

11

11

13

--

--

59

--

--

--

CL (FILL) VISUAL VISUAL

99

96

91

81

74

69

10

12

34

35

69

29

13

16

CL VISUAL

100

98

94

85

76

68

17

32

36

68

31

13

18

CL VISUAL VISUAL

96

92

87

79

74

71

34

37

71

30

14

16

CL VISUAL

"Fines" = Silt and clay combined Sample depths indicate top of sample interval

Page 2 J&L Laboratories

Testing Summary (rev. 7/28/97)

Project: CHIA Parking Garage Expansion

JL10773 LABORATORY TEST SUMMARY 7/16/2010

Particle Size Distribution

Client: C&S Engineers

Boring Number B-6

Sample Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Depth (ft) 0.0 3.5 6.0 8.5 13.5 18.5 23.5 28.5 33.5 38.5

Moisture Content (%) 11 25 20 16 13 17 17 13 10 12 94 99 100 3/8" 80

Percent Passing (by weight) #4 65 #10 53 #40 42 #100 33 #200 27 Gravel 35 Cor. 12

Sand Med. 11 Fine 15 Silt -Clay -Fines 27

Atterberg Limits LL NP PL NP PI NP

USCS Classification SC-SM (FILL) VISUAL VISUAL

99

94

85

78

74

11

39

35

74

29

15

14

CL VISUAL VISUAL

97

92

87

82

77

10

53

24

77

NP

NP

NP

ML VISUAL VISUAL

92

87

79

72

67

12

31

36

67

31

14

17

CL

"Fines" = Silt and clay combined Sample depths indicate top of sample interval

Page 3 J&L Laboratories

Testing Summary (rev. 7/28/97)

Project: 10773 - Consol (B-1,3).xls

One-Dimensional Consolidation Properities of Soil ASTM D 2435

Client: C&S Companies, Inc.

Boring: B-1

Sample: 4

Depth:

9.0

Void Ratio and Strain Information df v Load Final Increment Reading deform He corrected mm kPa 0 25 50 100 200 400 800 1600 mm 10.155 9.957 9.754 9.517 9.230 8.908 8.506 8.016 mm 0 0.035 0.065 0.085 0.100 0.112 0.121 0.140 mm 10.155 9.922 9.689 9.432 9.130 8.796 8.385 7.876

Ring Diam. Sample Ht., H0 Final Sample Ht., Hf

63.500 19.050 16.911

mm mm mm

Area, Ar olunme, V0

31.67 60.25

cm cm

Soil, Gs al Reading

2.700 10.155

mm 0 0.233 0.466 0.723 1.025 1.359 1.769 2.279

/ 0 (%) 0 1.22 2.45 3.79 5.38 7.13 9.29 11.96 H (H0-H) mm 19.050 18.817 18.584 18.327 18.025 17.691 17.281 16.771

e (HHS)/HS -0.375 0.358 0.341 0.322 0.301 0.277 0.247 0.210

Mass of ring + wet sample at start of test Mass of ring Mass of wet soil, MT0 Initial water content, W0 Mass of dry soil computed from init. water content M s
Final Water Content Determination -- End of Test

201.82 63.97 137.85 16.3 118.50

g g g % g

Cofficent of Consolidation, Cv v Load d50 Increment Corrected kPa 25 50 100 200 400 800 1600 mm 9.820 9.591 9.325 8.994 8.641 8.190 7.524

Mass dish + ring + wet soil cake Mass dish + ring + dry soil cake Mass dish + ring Mass oven dry soil cake, Md mass water in soil cake, Mwf Final water content Wf=Mwf/Ms

210.18 193.05 73.49 119.56 17.13 14.3

g g g g g %

mm 0.335 0.564 0.829 1.161 1.514 1.965 2.631

50
% 1.76 2.96 4.35 6.10 7.95 10.32 13.81

H50 mm 18.715 18.486 18.221 17.889 17.536 17.085 16.419

e50 -0.350 0.334 0.315 0.291 0.265 0.233 0.185

t90

cv
2

(mm /sec) sec 92.536 0.802 84.140 0.861 45.530 1.546 85.166 0.797 90.802 0.718 174.227 0.355 179.308 0.319

(rev 1/15/99)

Page 1

Project: 10773 - Consol (B-1,3).xls

One-Dimensional Consolidation Properities of Soil ASTM D 2435

Client: C&S Companies, Inc.

Consolidation Data Based on Casagrande Method

Soil Parameters

Initial Dry Density - d Volume of Soilids - Vs Ht. of soil solids, Hs Initial void ratio eo Final Void Ratio, ef Initial Degree of Saturation, S0 Final Degree of Saturation, Sf

1.97 43.89 13.859 0.375

g/cm cm
3

Compression Index, Cc: Initial Void Ratio, e0:

Lab Curve 0.10 0.37 105.0 0.01 52.9 2.0 kPa kPa

Field Curve 0.13 0.38

mm Pre-Consolidation Pressure, Pc: Recompression Index, Cr:

0.220 Overburden Pressure, Pvo: 117.7 177.2 % Over Consoladation Ratio (OCR): %

(kg) Mass 1 2 4 8 16 32 64

kPa Load

5s

15s 9.9924 9.8095 9.5707 9.2964 8.9840 8.6284 8.2245

30s 9.9847 9.7968 9.5606 9.2837 8.9713 8.6055 8.1966

1m 9.9746 9.7841 9.5529 9.2761 8.9586 8.5852 8.1636

2m 9.9695 9.7790 9.5428 9.2659 8.9459 8.5674 8.1331

5m 9.9644 9.7688 9.5326 9.2532 8.9306 8.5471 8.1051

15m 9.9593 9.7612 9.5250 9.2456 8.9205 8.5293 8.0823

30m 9.9568 9.7561 9.5199 9.2405 8.9154 8.5217 8.0696

1h 0.0000 9.7536 9.5174 9.2329 8.9078 8.5141 8.0620

2h 0.0000 9.7511 0.0000 9.2304 0.0000 8.5065 8.0518

4h 0.0000 9.7485 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 8.0416

8h 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

12h 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

24h 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 8.0162

25 10.0025 50 9.8222 100 9.5885 200 9.3116 400 9.0043 800 8.6512 1600 8.2550

(rev 1/15/99)

Page 2

Project: 10773 - Consol (B-1,3).xls

One-Dimensional Consolidation Properities of Soil ASTM D 2435

Client: C&S Companies, Inc.

e-log p Chart
0.40

0.38

0.36

0.34

0.32 Void Ratio, e

0.30

0.28

0.26

0.24

0.22

0.20 0 1 10 100 1000 10000 Pressure, p, kPa

Cv/log p Chart
1.800 1.600 1.400 1.200 1.000 0.800 0.600 0.400 0.200 0.000 1 10 100 Pressure, p, kPa 1000 10000

Coefficient of Consolidation Cv (cm2/min)

(rev 1/15/99)

Page 3