2009-10

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING COURSE STRUCTURE 2009 BATCH I SEMESTER MATHEMATICS-III MATERIAL S SCIENCE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS-II MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS-I PETROLEUM REFINERY ENGINEERING PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION PETROLEUM ANALYSIS LAB ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS SKILLS LAB III YEAR P C 4 4 1 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 3 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 II SEMESTER MANAGEMENT SCIENCE MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONSII CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING -1 PROCESS DYNAMICS & CONTROL PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING-1 PROCESS ENGINEERING ECONOMICS MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS LAB PROCESS DYNAMICS & CONTROL LAB P C 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 3 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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2009-10

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA

PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B. Tech. I Sem. MATHEMATICS-III UNIT I Bessel functions properties Recurrence relations Orthogonality. Legendre polynomials Properties Rodrigues formula Recurrence relations Orthogonality. UNIT-II Functions of a complex variable Continuity Differentiability Analyticity Properties CauchyRiemann equations in Cartesian and polar coordinates. Harmonic and conjugate harmonic functions Milne Thompson method. UNIT-III Elementary functions: Exponential, trigonometric, hyperbolic functions and their properties General power Z C (c is complex), principal value. UNIT-IV Complex integration: Line integral evaluation along a path and by indefinite integration Cauchys integral theorem Cauchys integral formula Generalized integral formula. UNIT-V Complex power series: Radius of convergence Expansion in Taylors series, Maclaurins series and Laurent series. Singular point Isolated singular point pole of order m essential singularity. UNIT-VI Residue Evaluation of residue by formula and by Laurent series - Residue theorem. Evaluation of integrals of the type c +2 f ( x ) dx f (cos , sin ) d (a) Improper real integrals (b) c
e imx (c)

f ( x ) dx

(d) Integrals by identation.

UNIT-VII Argument principle Rouches theorem determination of number of zeros of complex polynomials - Maximum Modulus principle - Fundamental theorem of Algebra, Liouvilles Theorem. UNIT-VIII Conformal mapping: Transformation by e z , lnz, z2, z n (n positive integer), Sin z, cos z, z+ a/z. Translation, rotation, inversion and bilinear transformation fixed point cross ratio properties invariance of circles and cross ratio determination of bilinear transformation mapping 3 given points . Text book 1. A text Book of Engineering Mathematics, Shahnaz Bathul, Prentice Hall of India. 2. A text Book of Engineering Mathematics, Vol-1 T. K. V. Iyengar, B. Krishna Gandhi and Others, S. Chand & Company. 2

Reference 1. A text Book of Engineering Mathematics, B. V. Raman, Tata Mc Graw Hill. 2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Irvin Kreyszig, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd. 1. . 2009-10 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B.Tech. I Sem. MATERIALS SCIENCE
UNIT-I

Introduction: Materials Science and Engineering, Classification of Engineering materials, Levels of Structure, Structure-Property relationships in materials Crystal Geometry And Structure Determination : Space lattice and limit cell. Bravais lattices, crystal systems with examples. Lattice coordinates, Miller indices, Bravais indices for directions and places: crystalline and non crystalline solids; ionic, covalent and metallic solids; packing efficiency, ligancy and coordination number; structure determination by Brags X-ray diffraction and powder methods.
UNIT-II

Structure of Solids: The crystalline and non crystalline states inorganic solids: Covalent solids, metals and alloys, Ionic solids, The structure of silica and silicates polymers: Classification of polymers, Structure of long chain polymers, Crystallinity of long chain polymers.
UNIT-III

Crystal Imperfection: Point defects, line defects-edge and screw dislocation, Burgers circuit and Burgers vectors, dislocation reaction, dislocation motion, multiplication of dislocations during deformation, role of dislocation on crystal properties; surface defects, dislocations on crystal properties; surface defects; dislocation density and stress required to move dislocations.
UNIT-IV

Phase diagrams: The Phase rule, single component systems, binary phase diagrams, microstructural changes during cooling, The lever rule, some typical phase diagrams, other applications of phase diagrams.
UNIT-V

Elastic, Anelastic and Visco elastic behavior: Elastic Behavior : Atomic model of elastic behavior, the modulous as a parameter in design, rubber like elasticity, Anelastic behavior: Relaxation processes. Viscoelastic behavior: Spring-dashpot models.
UNIT-VI

Plastic deformation and Creep in crystalline materials: Plastic deformation: the tensile stressstrain curve, Plastic deformation by slip, the shear strength of perfect and real crystals, the stress to move a dislocation, the effect of temperature on the stress to move a dislocation, multiplication of dislocations during deformation, work hardening and dynamic recovery, the effect of grain size on dislocation motion, the effect of solute atoms on dislocation motion, the effect of precipitate particles on dislocation motion. Creep: Mechanisms of Creep, creep resistant materials.
UNIT-VII

Fracture: Ductile fracture, Brittle fracture, fracture toughness, the ductile-brittle transition, methods of protection against failure, fatigue fracture. Oxidation and Corrosion: Mechanisms of Oxidation, Oxidation resistant materials. Principle of Corrosion, types of corrosion, protection against corrosion. Shaping, Strengthening and toughening processes: Solution hardening, Strain hardening and Annealing-cold work, Recrystallization, Recrystallization temperatures, Recrystallization rates, Processing Strain-Hardenable materials.
UNIT-VIII

precipitation hardening: Age hardening, Overaging, combined hardening, heat Treatments of steels: Annealing processes, Quenching and Tempering process, Hardenability of Steels: Hardenability curves, use of hardenability curves, Tempered hardeness. Introduction to Nano-materials, Synthesis of nano-materials, Characterization of nano-materials Text Book: 1.Materials Science and Engineering; V. Raghavan; 5th Edition, PHI, New Delhi (2009) Reference: 1.Elements of Material Science and Engineering, Lawrence H. Van Vlack, 6th Edition, Prentice Hall India, New Delhi (1989)

2009-10 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B.Tech. I Sem. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS II Unit -I: Heat effects: Sensible heat effects, Internal energy of ideal gases: Microscopic view, Latent heats of pure substances, heat effects of industrial reactions, heat effects of mixing processes. Unit-II: Standard heat of reaction, Standard heat of formation, Standard heat of combustion, temperature dependence of heat of reaction Unit-III: Solution thermodynamics: Theory: Fundamental property relation, chemical potential as a criterion for phase equilibrium, partial properties, ideal gas mixtures, fugacity and fugacity coefficient for pure species, fugacity and fugacity coefficient for species in solutions, generalized correlations for Fugacity coefficient, The ideal solutions, excess properties. Unit IV: Solution thermodynamics: applications: the liquid phase properties from VLE data, models for the excess Gibbs energy, property changes of mixing Unit -V: VLE at low to moderate pressures: The nature of equilibrium, the phase rule, Duhems theorem, VLE:Qualitative behavior, the gamma /Phi formulation of VLE, Dew point and bubble point calculations, flash calculations, solute (1)/solvent (2) systems Unit -VI: Thermodynamic properties and VLE from equations of state: properties of fluids from the virial equations of state, properties of fluids from cubic equations of state, fluid properties from correlations of the Pitzer type, VLE from cubic equations of state Unit VII: Topics in phase Equilibria: Equilibrium and stability, liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE), vaporliquidliquid equilibrium (VLLE), solid-liquid equilibrium (SLE), solid vapor equilibrium (SVE), equilibrium absorption of gases on solids Unit VIII: Chemical reaction equilibria: The reaction coordinate, application equilibrium criterion to chemical reactions, the standard Gibbs energy change and the equilibrium constant, effect of temperature on equilibrium constants, relation of equilibrium constants to composition, equilibrium conversion for single reactions, Phase rule and Duhems theorem for reacting systems. Text book: 5

1. Introduction to chemical engineering thermodynamics by J.M. Smith, H.C. Van Ness and M.M. Abbott, 7th ed. McGraw Hill, 2005.

Reference: 1. Chemical and Process Thermodynamics, BG Kyle, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education 2009-10 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B.Tech. I Sem. MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS-1 UNIT- I The Mass Transfer Operations: Classification of the Mass-Transfer Operations, Choice of Separation Method, Methods of Conducting the Mass-Transfer Operations, Design Principles, Molecular Diffusion In Fluids:Molecular Diffusion, Equation of Continuity, binary solutions, Steady State Molecular Diffusion in Fluids at Rest and in Laminar Flow, estimation of diffusivity of gases and liquids, UNIT- II Momentum and Heat Transfer in Laminar flow Diffusion: Diffusion in Solids, Ficks Diffusion, Unsteady State Diffusion, Types of Solid Diffusion, diffusion through polymers, diffusion through crystalline solids, Diffusion through porous solids & hydrodynamic flow of gases. UNIT-III Mass Transfer Coefficients: Mass Transfer Coefficients, Mass Transfer Coefficients in Laminar Flow (Explanation of equations only and no derivation), Mass Transfer Coefficients in Turbulent Flow, eddy diffusion, Film Theory, Penetration theory, Surface-renewal Theory, Combination Film-Surfacerenewal theory, Surface-Stretch Theory, Mass, Heat and Momentum Transfer Analogies, Turbulent Flow in Circular Pipes. Mass transfer data for simple situations. UNIT-IV Inter phase Mass Transfer: Concept of Equilibrium, Diffusion between Phases, Material Balances in steady state co-current and counter current stage processes, Stages, Cascades, Kremser Brown equations UNIT-V Equipment For Gas-Liquid Operations: Gas Dispersed, Sparged vessels (Bubble Columns), Mechanical agitated equipments(Brief description),Tray towers, General characteristics, Sieve design for absorption and distillation (Qualitative Treatment), Different types of Tray Efficiencies, Liquid Dispersed venturi Scrubbers, Wetted-Wall Towers, Packed Towers, Counter current flow of Liquid & Gas through packing, Mass transfer coefficients for packed towers, End effects and Axial Mixing Tray tower vs Packed towers. UNIT-VI Absorption And Stripping: Absorption equilibrium, ideal and non ideal solutions selection of a solvent for absorption, one component transferred: material balances. Determination of number of Plates (Graphical), Absorption Factors, estimation of number of plates by Kremser Brown equation, Continuous contact equipment; HETP, Absorption of one component, Determination of number of Transfer Units and Height of the Continuous Absorber, overall coefficients and transfer units, dilute solutions, overall height of transfer units. 6

UNIT-VII Humidification Operations: Vapor-Pressure Curve, Definitions, Psychometric Charts, Enthalpy of gas-vapor Mixtures, Humidification and Dehumidification, Operating lines and Design of Packed Humidifiers, Dehumidifiers and Cooling towers, Spray Chambers. UNIT-VIII Drying: Equilibrium, Definitions, Drying Conditions- Rate of Batch Drying under constant drying conditions, Mechanisms of batch drying, Drying time Through Circulation Drying, Classification of Drying Operations: Batch and Continuous Drying Equipment, Material and Energy Balances of Continuous Driers, Text book: 1. Mass transfer operations by R.E. Treybal, 3rd ed. Mc Graw Hill, 1980. Reference: 1. Transport processes and unit operations by Christie J. Geankoplis

2009-10 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B.Tech. I Sem. PETROLEUM REFINERY ENGINEERING
UNIT-I:

Introduction: Overall refinery operations & Indian Scenario. Refinery feed stocks: Crude oil Classification, composition and properties. Composition of petroleum crude suitable for asphalt manufacture, crude distillation curves.
UNIT-II:

Low boiling products gasoline gasoline specifications distillate fuels jet and turbine fuels automotive diesel fuels; heating oils residual fuel oils; wax and asphalt; product blending.
UNIT-III:

Crude distillation : atmosphere topping unit vacuum distillation auxiliary equipment products of these two units.
UNIT-IV:

Thermal & Catalytic Processes: visbreaking, hydrovisbreaking, thermal cracking catalytic cracking fluidized bed catalytic cracking and hydrocracking - feed stocks Feed treating catalysts process variables yield estimation; latest developments in cracking processes. Coking: types petroleum coke, properties and uses process description of delayed coking, flexicoking and fluid coking yields.
UNIT-V:

Hydroprocessing and Resid processing: Composition of vacuum tower bottoms processing options hydro processing options moving bed hydro processes solvent extraction hydrotreating catalysts aromatics reduction process variables.
UNIT-VI:

Catalytic Reforming and Isomesization: catalytic reforming processes feed preparation & catalysts yields; Isomerization processes and yields.
UNIT-VII:

Alkylation and potymerization: Alkylation feed stocks Products Catalysts Hydrofluoric Acid and sulfuric acid alkylation processes Comparison of processes. Polymerization processes.
UNIT-VIII:

Supporting processes: hydrogen production and purification gas processing unit - acid gas removal sulfur recovery processes waste water treatment and control of atmospheric pollution. Text Book: Petroleum Refining: Technology and Economics, J.H.Gary and G.E.Handwerk, 4th Edition, Marcel Dekkar,Inc., New York, 2001. 8

Reference : Petroleum Refinery Engineering, W.L.Nelson, 4th Edition, McGraw Hill, New York, 1958.

2009-10 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B.Tech. I Sem. PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION Unit I: Elements of instruments, static and dynamic characteristics, basic concepts of response of first order type instruments, mercury in glass thermometer, bimetallic thermometer, pressure spring thermometer, static accuracy and response of thermometers. Unit-II: Thermo electricity: Industrial thermocouples, thermocouple wires, thermo couple wells and response of thermocouples. Unit III: Thermal coefficient of resistance, industrial resistance thermometer bulbs and circuits, radiation receiving elements, radiation, photoelectric and optical pyrometers. Unit-IV: Composition analysis, spectroscopic analysis by absorption, emission, mass and color measurement spectrometers, gas analysis by thermal conductivity, analysis of moisture, gas chromatography, refractometer. Unit-V: Pressure vacuum and head: liquid column manometers, measuring elements for gauge pressure and vacuum, indicating elements for pressure gauges, measurement of absolute pressure, measuring pressure in corrosive liquids, static accuracy and response of pressure gauges. Unit -VI Head, density and specific gravity, direct measurement of liquid level, pressure measurement in open vessels, level measurements in pressure vessels, measurement of interface level, density measurement, and level of dry materials. Unit -VII Head flow meters, area flow meters, open channel meters, viscosity meters, quantity meters, flow of dry materials, viscosity measurements. Unit -VIII Recording instruments, indicating and signaling instruments, transmission of instrument readings, control center, instrumentation diagram, process analysis. Text Book: 1. Industrial instrumentation, Donald P.Eckman, Wiley Eastern, 1950. 9

Reference: Instrumentation for Process Measurement and Control, Norman A.Anderson, 3rd Edition, CRC Press, 1980. 2009-10 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B.Tech. I Sem. PETROLEUM ANALYSIS LAB 1. Determination of Distillation characteristics of Crude Oil & Gasoline 2. Determination of Reid Vapor Pressure of Crude oil & Gasoline 3. Determination of Viscosity of Diesel and transformer oils 4. Determination of Smoke Point of Kerosene 5. 6. Determination of Carbon Residue of petroleum oils Determination of Flash & Fire points of gasoline, kerosene and other products.

7. Estimation of water content in petroleum products. 8. Estimation of calorific value of LPG 9. Determination of Aniline point of Gasoline and Diesel oil 10. Determination of Softening point of bitumen 11. Determination of Cloud & Pour Points of petroleum products 12. Detection of Corrosiveness of petroleum products

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2009-10 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B.Tech. I Sem.
ADVANCED ENGLISH COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB 1. Introduction The introduction of the English Language Lab is considered essential at 3rd year level. At this stage the students need to prepare themselves for their careers which may require them to listen to, read, speak and write in English both for their professional and interpersonal communication in the globalised context. The proposed course should be an integrated theory and lab course to enable students to use good English and perform the following: Gather ideas and information, to organise ideas relevantly and coherently. Engage in debates. Participate in group discussions. Face interviews. Write project/research reports/technical reports. Make oral presentations. Write formal letters. Transfer information from non-verbal to verbal texts and vice versa. To take part in social and professional communication.

2. Objectives: This Lab focuses on using computer-aided multimedia instruction for language development to meet the following targets: To improve the students fluency in English, through a well-developed vocabulary and enable them to listen to English spoken at normal conversational speed by educated English speakers and respond appropriately in different socio-cultural and professional contexts. Further, they would be required to communicate their ideas relevantly and coherently in writing. 3. Syllabus: The following course content is prescribed for the Advanced Communication Skills Lab: Functional English - starting a conversation responding appropriately and relevantly using the right body language role play in different situations. Vocabulary building synonyms and antonyms, word roots, one-word substitutes, prefixes and suffixes, study of word origin, analogy, idioms and phrases. Group Discussion dynamics of group discussion , intervention, summarizing, modulation of voice, body language, relevance, fluency and coherence. Interview Skills concept and process, pre-interview planning, opening strategies, answering strategies, interview through tele and video-conferencing. Resume writing structure and presentation, planning, defining the career objective, projecting ones strengths and skill-sets, summary, formats and styles, letter-writing. Reading comprehension reading for facts, guessing meanings from context, scanning, skimming, inferring meaning, critical reading. Technical Report writing Types of formats and styles, subject matter organization, clarity, coherence and style, planning, data-collection, tools, analysis.

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4. Minimum Requirement: The English Language Lab shall have two parts: i) The Computer aided Language Lab for 60 students with 60 systems, one master console, LAN facility and English language software for self- study by learners. ii) The Communication Skills Lab with movable chairs and audio-visual aids with a P.A System, a T. V., a digital stereo audio & video system and camcorder etc. System Requirement ( Hardware component): Computer network with Lan with minimum 60 multimedia systems with the following specifications: iii) P IV Processor a) Speed 2.8 GHZ b) RAM 512 MB Minimum c) Hard Disk 80 GB iv) Headphones of High quality 5. Suggested Software: The software consisting of the prescribed topics elaborated above should be procured and used. Suggested Software: Clarity Pronunciation Power part II Oxford Advanced Learners Compass, 7th Edition DELTAs key to the Next Generation TOEFL Test: Advanced Skill Practice. Lingua TOEFL CBT Insider, by Dreamtech TOEFL & GRE( KAPLAN, AARCO & BARRONS, USA, Cracking GRE by CLIFFS) The following software from train2success.com Preparing for being Interviewed, Positive Thinking, Interviewing Skills, Telephone Skills, Time Management Team Building, Decision making English in Mind, Herbert Puchta and Jeff Stranks with Meredith Levy, Cambridge Text Books: 1. Effective Technical Communication, M. Ashraf Rizvi, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd. 2. A Course in English communication by Madhavi Apte, Prentice-Hall of India, 2007.

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2009=2010 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B.Tech. II Sem. MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

Unit I
Introduction to Management: Concept nature and importance of Management Functions of Management Evaluation of Management thought- Theories of Motivation Decision making process-Designing organization structure- Principles of organization - Types of organization structure

Unit II
Operations Management: Principles and Types of Management Work study- Statistical Quality Control- Control charts (P-chart, R-chart, and C-chart) Simple problems- Material Management: Need for Inventory control- EOQ, ABC analysis (simple problems) and Types of ABC analysis (HML, SDE, VED, and FSN analysis)

Unit III
Functional Management: Concept of HRM, HRD and PMIR- Functions of HR Manager- Wage payment plans(Simple Problems) Job Evaluation and Merit Rating - Marketing ManagementFunctions of Marketing Marketing strategies based on product Life Cycle, Channels of distributions.

Unit IV
Project Management: (PERT/CPM): Development of Network Difference between PERT and CPM Identifying Critical Path- Probability- Project Crashing (Simple Problems)

Unit V
Strategic Management: Vision, Mission, Goals, Strategy Elements of Corporate Planning Process Environmental Scanning SWOT analysis- Steps in Strategy Formulation and Implementation, Generic Strategy alternatives

Unit VI
Management Ethics: Importance of Ethics in Business and Management Ethics in Marketing HRM-Financial Management Business Ethics and Law (Case example) Unit VII Business Communication: Report writing Cross Cultural Communication, Problems and Challenges- Presentation Skills Interviews- Video conferences Unit VIII Contemporary Management Practice: Basic concepts of MIS, MRP, Just-in-Time(JIT) system, Total Quality Management(TQM), Six sigma and Capability Maturity Model(CMM) Levies, Supply Chain Management , Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Performance Management, Business Process outsourcing (BPO), Business process Re-engineering and Bench Marking, Balanced Score Card. Text Books: 1. Management Science, P. Vijaya Kumar and N. Appa Rao, Cengage, 2011. 13

2.

Management Science ,A. R. Aryasri, TMH, 2011.

2009=2010 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B.Tech. II Sem. MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS-II UNIT-I Distillation: Fields of applications, VLE for miscible liquids, immiscible liquids, steam distillation, Positive and negative deviations from ideality, enthalpy-concentration diagrams, flash vaporization and differential distillation for binary and multi component mixtures. UNIT-II Continuous rectification-binary systems, multistage tray towers method of Mc Cabe and Thiele, enriching section, exhausting section, feed introduction, total reflux, minimum and optimum reflux ratios, use of steam, condensers, partial condensers, cold reflux, multiple feeds , tray efficiencies, continuous-contact equipment (packed towers) UNIT- III Multistage (tray) towers the method of Ponchon and Savarit, the enriching and stripping sections, feed tray location, total reflux, minimum and optimum reflux ratios, reboilers, use of open steam, condenser and reflux accumulators, Azeotropic distillation, extractive distillation, comparison of Azeotropic and extractive distillation. UNIT- IV Liquid-Liquid operations: fields of usefulness, liquid-liquid equilibrium, equilateral triangular coordinates, choice of solvent, stage wise contact, multistage cross-current extraction, Multi stage counter current without reflux. UNIT- V Multi stage counter current with reflux, Differential (continuous contact) extractors, spray towers, packed towers, mechanically agitated counter-current extractors, centrifugal extractors, dilute solutions, super critical fluid extraction, fractional extraction. UNIT-VI Leaching: Fields of applications, preparation of solid for leaching, types of leaching, leaching equilibrium, single stage and multi stage leaching calculations, constant under flow conditions, equipment for leaching operation. UNIT-VII Adsorption: Adsorption, types of adsorption, nature of adsorbents, adsorption equilibrium, single gases and vapors, Adsorption Hysteresis, effect of temperature, Heat of adsorption, vapor and gas mixtures: One component adsorbed, Effect of change of temperature or pressure. Liquids, Adsorption 14

of solute from dilute solution, The Freundlich equation, Adsorption from concentrated solutions, adsorption operations, stage wise operation, application of Freundlich equation to single and Multistage adsorption (cross current & counter current). UNIT -VIII Adsorption of vapor from a gas, fluidized bed, continuous contact, steady state moving bed adsorbers, unsteady statefixed bed adsorbers, adsorption wave, elution, adsorption-desorption operationsthermal desorption of gases, activated carbon solvent recovery, pressure swing and vacuum swing adsorption (qualitative treatment), regeneration with purge and desorbent, ion-exchange: principles of ion exchange, techniques and applications, ion-movement theory, ion exclusion. Text Book: 1. Mass transfer operations by R.E. Tryebal, 3rd ed. Mc Graw Hill, 1980. Reference: 1.Transport processes and unit operations by Christie J. Geankoplis

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2009-2010 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B.Tech. II Sem. CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING I UnitI Overview of chemical reaction engineering- classification of reactions, variables affecting the rate of reaction definition of reaction rate. Kinetics of homogenous reactions- concentration dependent term of rate equation, Temperature dependent term of rate equation, searching for a mechanism, predictability of reaction rate from theory. UnitII Interpretation of batch reactor data- constant volume batch reactor:- Analysis of total pressure data obtained in a constant-volume system, the conversion, Integral method of analysis of data general procedure, irreversible unimolecular type first order reactions, irreversible bimolecular type second order reactions, irreversible trimolecular type third order reactions, empirical reactions of nth order, zero-order reactions, overall order of irreversible reactions from the half-life, fractional life method, irreversible reactions in parallel, homogenous catalyzed reactions, autocatalytic reactions, irreversible reactions in series. UnitIII Constant volume batch reactor first order reversible reactions, second order reversible reactions, reversible reactions in general, reactions of shifting order, Differential method of analysis of data. Varying volume batch reactordifferential method of analysis, integral method of analysis, zero order, first order, second order, nth order reactions, temperature and reaction rate, the search for a rate equation. UnitIV Introduction to reactor design- general discussion, symbols and relation ship between CA and XA. Ideal reactors for a single reaction- Ideal batch reactor, Steady-state mixed flow reactor, Steady-state plug reactors. UnitV Design for single reactions- Size comparison of single reactors, Multiple- reactor systems, Recycle reactor, Autocatalytic reactions. UnitVI Design for parallel reactions- introduction to multiple reactions, qualitative discussion about product distribution, quantitative treatment of product distribution and of reactor size. UnitVII 16

Irreversible first order reactions in series, quantitative discussion about product distribution, quantitative treatment, plug flow or batch reactor, quantitative treatment, mixed flow reactor, first-order followed by zeroorder reaction, zero order followed by first order reaction. UnitVIII Temperature and Pressure effects- single reactions- heats of reaction from thermodynamics, heats of reaction and temperature, equilibrium constants from thermodynamics, equilibrium conversion, general graphical design procedure, optimum temperature progression, heat effects, adiabatic operations, non adiabatic operations, comments and extensions. Exothermic reactions in mixed flow reactors-A special problem, multiple reactions. TEXT BOOK : 1. Chemical Reaction Engineering by Octave Levenspiel, 3rd ed. John Wiely & Sons,1999. REFERENCES: 1. Elements of chemical reaction engineering by H.S. Fogler, 2nd ed. PHI, 1992. 2. Chemical engineering kinetics by J.M.Smith, 3rd ed. Mc Graw Hill, 1981.

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2009=2010 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B.Tech. II Sem. PROCESS DYNAMICS AND CONTROL UNIT I Introduction to process dynamics and control. Response of First Order Systems. Physical examples of first order systems Unit-II: Response of first order systems in series, Higher order systems: Second order and transportation lag Unit-III: Control systems Controllers and final control elements, Block diagram of a chemical rector control system Unit-IV: Closed loop transfer functions, Transient response of simple control systems Unit-V: Stability Criterion, Routh, Root locus Unit-VI: Transient response from root locus, Application of root locus to control systems Introduction to frequency response, Control systems design by frequency response. Unit-VII: Advanced control strategies, Cascade control, Feed forward control, ratio control, Smith predictor, dead time compensation, internal model control. Unit -VIII: Controller tuning and process identification. Control valves. Text book 1.Process systems analysis and control by D.R. Coughanowr, 2nd ed. Mc Graw Hill 1991 Reference 1.Chemical process control by G. Stephanopolous, PHI, 1998

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2009=2010 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B.Tech. II Sem. PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING-1 (Process Engineering and Technology of production of Petrochemicals should be dealt with by the instructor). Unit-I Introduction: Petrochemical industry, Structures of Petrochemical Complexes, Feedstock for Petrochemical, Profile of Petrochemical and their end products, Indian Petrochemical industries- Profile of Indian petroleum and Petrochemical Industry.

Unit-II Olefins Production: Steam cracking for production of olefins, Gas sweetening unit, C2/C3 Extraction unit, Steam Cracking process engineering and technology-Emerging Technologies for Production of olefins- Alpha Olefins.

Unit-III

Processing of Olefinic C4 and C5 Cut From Steam Cracking and Fluid Catalytic Cracking: Fluid Catalytic Cracking: Growth of FCC Technology, Chemistry of Cracking and Process Variables, FCC Feed Pretreatment, Description of the FCC Process. FCC Gases as Petrochemical Feedstock, Processing of C4 stream from steam cracking and FCC-Oxygenates from refinery C4 and C5 stream-Upgrading of C5 cut for Recovery of C5 Chemicals.

Unit-IV Aromatic Production: Petroleum Feedstock for Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic Hydrocarbon Production Catalytic Reforming: Reactions in Catalytic Reforming, Reforming Catalyst, Reforming

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Process, Process Variables in Catalytic Reforming. Pyrolysis Gasoline as Aromatics Feedstock-Aromatic

Separation from Reformate and pyrolysis Gasoline- Emerging Technologies for the Production of BTX- Aromatic Conversion Processes.

Unit-V Methane and Synthesis Gas Derivatives: Synthesis gas and Ammonia: Synthesis gas and Ammonia
Manufacture from steam Reforming, Synthesis gas and Ammonia Manufacture from Partial oxidation ProcessUrea processes.

Unit-VI Synthesis Gas: Process Technology, Carbon Monoxide, Fischer-Tropsch syn Gas Techonology. Methanol , Formaldehyde , Acetic Acid , Hydrogen Cynaide, Hydrazine, Carbon Disulphide, Pentaerythritol, Hexamethylene tetramine, Hexamethylene Diamine, Melamine, Chloromethanes , Dimethyl Formamide , Dimethyl Acetamide , Acetylene.

Unit-VII

Ethylene and Ethylene Derivatives-1: Ethylene, Ethylene Oxide: Process Technology, Process Hazards, Ethylene oxide Storage. Monoetylene Glycol, Vinyl Chloride , Vinyl Acetate , Acetaldehyde , Ethanol , Acetic Anhydride , Ethyl Acetate, Ethyl Chloride,

Unit-VIII
Ethylene and its Derivatives-2: Ethanol amines , Percholoroethylene and Trichloroethylene,

Ethylene glycol Mono Ethyl Ether, Ethylene glycol Mono Butyl Ether, Ethylene Carbonate, Vinyl Fluoride, Vinylidine Fluoride, Ethylene Dibromide,

Text Book: Petrochemical Process Technology, ID Mall, Macmillan India Ltd., New Delhi. 2007. Reference: Chemistry of Petrochemical Processes, Sami Matar and Lewis F.Hatch, 2nd Edition, Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, 2000.

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2009=2010 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B.Tech. II Sem.
PROCESS ENGINEERING ECONOMICS

Unit I Introduction: The Process Industries Capital and Interest Economics and the Process Engineer. Value of Money Equivalence: Value of Money Equations for Economic Studies Equivalence Example Problems The Bond Problem.

Unit II Amortization: Capital Recovery Depreciation Straight-line Method, Sinking-Fund Method, Fixed Percentage Method Interest in Depreciation Calculations Depreciation Accounting Depletion

Unit III Capital Requirements for Process Plants: Cost Indices Equipment Costs The Williams Six-tenths Factor Service Facilities Buildings and Other Non-process Items Capital Requirements for Complete Plants-Approximate Cost Estimates-Detailed Cost Estimates Total and Process Investment The Balance Sheet Sources of Capital.

Unit IV Costs, Earnings, Profits and Returns: Variable Costs Fixed Costs-Explanation of Individual Items of Fixed Costs-Interest as an Item of Cost Using Cost Data-Cost Studies-The Income Statement-Income Statement Ratio Profits and Earnings-A Discussion of Theoretical Economy and Accounting-Analysis of the Income Statement Economic Production Charts Capacity Factors Incremental Costs Differential Analysis of Economic Production Charts
Economics of Selecting Alternates: Annual Cost Method Present Worth Method Equivalent Alternates.

Unit V Rates of Return and Payout Time Replacements: Rate-of-return Method Payout-time Method Effect of Source of Capital Nonproductive Investments and Taxes Consideration of Capacity Factor Replacement of Existing Facilities Irreducible Factors in Economic Analyses.

Unit VI

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Economic Balance:Economic Balance Economic Balance in Evaporation Economic Vessel Design Economic Balance in Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer and Mass Transfer - Economic Balance with Two Variables,Combined Operation-Combined Operations with One Variable- Combined Operations with Two Variables, Combined Operations with Alternates-Economic Balance in Other Operations-General Considerations in Economic Balance-Summary of Procedure for Economic Balance Analysis.

Unit VII Economic Balance in Cyclic Operations:Batch Operations (Fixed Cycle Time) Batch Operations (Variable Cycle Time) Multiple Equipment Units Semicontinuous Operations The Batch Filtration Problem Combination Operations Multiple-pass Operations with Changing Efficiency. Economic Balance in Reactors: Economic Analysis for Variable Feed and Product Grades, Variable Recovery Economic Balance for Waste Stream Concentrations Economic Balance for Yield in Process Operations-Yield in a Batch Reactor (Catalytic or Noncatalytic)-Yield. Continuous Multistage Reactors (Noncatalytic)-Yield in a Flow Reactor (Noncatalytic)-Yield in a Flow Reactor (Catalytic)

Unit VIII Economic Balance and Inventory in Process Operations: Semicontinuous Operations Batch Operations Nonrepetitive Operations Process Inventory Considerations The General Case of Inventory General Summary of Economic Balance. Economic Analysis of A Complete Process: Operating Plants-Appraised Value-Earning Value-Stock and Bond Value Proposed Plants-Capital Requirements-Estimated Annual Returns Evaluation Reliability of Cost Estimates.

Text Book: Process Engineering Economics, H.E. Schweyer, McGraw-Hill, New York,1955. Reference: Cost and Optimization Engineering, F.C.Jelen, McGraw-Hill, internet 2r.e., 1997.

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2009=2010 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B.Tech. II Sem. MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS LAB 1.Estimation of diffusivity coefficients ; Major equipment - Diffusivity apprartus 2. Distillation, a) Steam distillation b) Differential distillation; Major equipment a) Steam Distillation unit, b) Differential Distillation unit 3. Packed towers, HETP evaluation ;Major equipment - Packed column unit 4. Vapor Liquid Equilibria; Major equipment - VLE apparatus 5. Batch Drying; Major equipment - Tray Dryer 7. Evaluation of Mass transfer coefficients; (a) Surface Evaporation (b) Wetted wall column; Major equipment a) Surface Evaporation unit b) Wetted wall column unit 8. (a) Liquid- Liquid Equilibria (Tie line data) (b) Ternary Liquid Equilibria (binodal curve) Major equipment LLE setup

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2009=2010 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING III Year B.Tech. II Sem. PROCESS DYNAMICS AND CONTROL LAB 1. Calibration and determination of time lag of various first and second order instruments Major equipment - First order instrument like Mercury-in-Glass thermometer and Overall second order instrument like Mercury-in-Glass thermometer in a thermal well 2. Experiments with single and two capacity systems with and without interaction. Major equipmentSingle tank system, Two-tank systems (Interacting and Non-Interacting) 3. Level control trainer :Major equipment - Level control trainer set up with computer 4. Temperature control trainer Major equipment - Temperature control trainer with computer 5. Cascade control Major equipment - Cascade control apparatus with computer 6. Experiments on proportional, reset, rate mode of control etc. Major equipment PID control apparatus 7. Control valve characteristics Major equipment Control valve set up 8. Estimation of damping coefficient for U-tube manometer 25

Major equipment - U-tube manometer

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