MOBILE PHONE TRAVEL CHARGER

Created by Ashhar Ali Rizvi Kamlesh M.Rampal

Guided by Prof. Vrushali Purandare

Department of EXTC

WATUMULL INSTITUTE OF ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY 2011-2012

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction 2. Components used in Circuit 2.1. Zener Diode 2.2. Transistor BC548 2.3. Transistor SK100 3. Circuit diagram and Working 3.1. Components used in circuit 3.2. Working 4. Advantages, Disadvantages and Application 4.1. Advantages 4.2. Disadvantages 4.3. Application Conclusion List of References 09 09 08 06 03 04

1. INTRODUCTION
This circuit is a mobile phone charger same as we use in our day today life, the only difference is that it works on dry cells instead of AC port input. As it works on dry cell it can be used anywhere when required and also AC port not required. Its circuit design is quite simple and having few components which are easily available. It is best to use while travelling where AC supply is not available easily. A LED is used in circuit to show that the circuit is working which is easy for user to tell whether circuit is working or not. Both fast and slow charging can be done by changing the value of single resistor. It works on 6V so four dry cells are required and circuit is small and easy to design. As it is small in size so, easy to carry while travelling.

2. COMPONENTS USED IN CIRCUIT

2.1. Zener Diode
A Zener diode is a special kind of diode which allows current to flow in the forward direction in the same manner as an ideal diode, but will also permit it to flow in the reverse direction when the voltage is above a certain value known as the breakdown voltage, "Zener knee voltage" or "Zener voltage." A Zener diode exhibits almost the same properties, except the device is specially designed so as to have a greatly reduced breakdown voltage, the socalled Zener voltage. By contrast with the conventional device, a reverse-biased Zener diode will exhibit a controlled breakdown and allow the current to keep the voltage across the Zener diode close to the Zener breakdown voltage. For example, a diode with a Zener breakdown voltage of 3.2 V will exhibit a voltage drop of very nearly 3.2 V across a wide range of reverse currents. The Zener diode is therefore ideal for applications such as the generation of a reference voltage (e.g. for an amplifier stage), or as a voltage stabilizer for lowcurrent applications.

Zener diodes are widely used as voltage references and as shunt regulators to regulate the voltage across small circuits. When connected in parallel with a variable voltage source so that it is reverse biased, a Zener diode conducts when the voltage reaches the diode's reverse breakdown voltage. From that point on, the relatively low impedance of the diode keeps the voltage across the diode at that value.

2.2. Transistor BC548

The BC548 is a general purpose silicon NPN BJT transistor found commonly in electronic equipment.

Specification of BC548: Vcbo = 30 V Ic = 100 mA Ptotal = 50 mW Tj = -55 to 150 C (Collector-base voltage) (Collector current) (Total power) (Operating temperature)

2.3. Transistor SK100

The SK100 transistor is a pnp polarity general purpose medium power transistor.

Specification of SK100: Vcbo = 60V Ic = 0.5A (Collector-base voltage) (Collector current) (Total Power)

Ptotal = 800mW Tj

= -65 to 200C (Operating temperature)

3. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM & WORKING

Fig: Circuit diagram for Mobile charger

3.1. Components used in circuit

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Zener diode LED Transistor BC548(npn) and SK100(pnp) Capacitor of 100uF Switch Four dry cells of 1.5V Five resistors of values 1k, 470, 4.7k, 270 and 27.

3.2. Working
Most of mobile charger batteries work on 3.6V/500mA, so for input four dry cells are used to get 6V/1.5A. When power is applied to the circuit through switch S1, transistor T1 conducts and LED glows. When transistor T1 conducts T2 also conducts since its base becomes negative. Charging current flows from the collector of T1. Zener diode is used to reduce the charging voltage to 4.7V The output gives 20 mA current which can be used for slow charging. Fast charging can be done by decreasing the value of resistor R4 to around 40. Mobile phone is connected to points A & B using a suitable port.

4. ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES AND APPLICATIONS

4.1. Advantages
Its circuit is quite simple and easy to design. All mobile phones can be charged by using their charger pin for output. Its small in size so easy to carry while travelling anywhere. User friendly as it can used by any person easily.

Its cost is less.

4.2. Disadvantages
Dry cells needs to be changed in short time. Cannot be used on daily basis.

4.3. Application Used for charging all kind of mobile phones by using their respective charging pins.

CONCLUSION
Thus the mobile phone charger prepared as per the circuit diagram shown in the report. Its PCB is also prepared and tested to see the charging of mobile phones. All mobiles were getting charged by the charger.

LIST OF REFRENCES
IEEE magazine Electronics for you magazine www.wikipedia.com