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The Historical & Political Context First Advent

Dictionary of Jesus & the Gospels, 317-326; 398-405
of the

Hasmonean Dynasty
Friday, August 19, 2011 Friday, August 19, 2011

Hasmonean Dynasty & Rise of Herodian Dynasty

Hyrcanus II (67 BC) Aristobulus II Antipater II Brief historical outline: I. defeat of Aristobulus II (65 BC) II. rise of Rome

defeat of Aristobulus II (63 BC) end of Jewish independence (80 yrs)

III. Julius Caesar - conrms Hyrcanus II - Antipater II

The Herodian Dynasty of Palestine

(40 B.C. to A.D. 100)

Friday, August 19, 2011

Friday, August 19, 2011

Herod the Great

Governorship of Galilee (47-37 B.C.)
Antipater II (father) an Idumean governor of Galilee (47-37 B.C.) leadership qualities King of Judea ends Hasmonean rule

Herod the Great

Friday, August 19, 2011 Friday, August 19, 2011

Herod the Great

Kingship of Herod
(37-4 B.C.)

Herod the Great

3 periods: 1. consolidation (27-25 B.C.) 2. prosperity (25-12 B.C.) 3. domestic troubles (14-4 B.C.)

Kingship of Herod (37-4 B.C.)

Period 1: Consolidation (27-25 B.C.) punishes/kills off adversaries skillful politician

Friday, August 19, 2011

Friday, August 19, 2011

Herod the Great

Kingship of Herod (37-4 B.C.)
Period 2: Prosperity (25-12 B.C.) violates Jewish law fortresses & palaces Temple in Jerusalem (20-19 BC-AD 63) Greco-Roman culture & religion expansion of power

Herod the Great

Kingship of Herod (37-4 B.C.)
Period 3: Domestic Issues (25-12 B.C.) domestic problems various wills Bethlehem slaughter:
Then Herod . . . put to death all the male children who were in Bethlehem and in all its districts, from two years old and under (Matt 2:16)
Friday, August 19, 2011

Friday, August 19, 2011

Herod the Great

Following Herods death, Augustus designates: I. Archelaus: ethnarch (ruler of a province) of Idumea, Judea, Samaria II. Antipas: tetrarch (subordinate ruler or one of four joint rulers) of Galilee & Perea III. Philip: tetrarch of Gaulanitis, Trachonitis, Batanea, and Paneas
Friday, August 19, 2011 Friday, August 19, 2011

Archelaus (4 B.C. - A.D. 6)

son of Malthace (Samaritan) ethnarch of Idumea, Judea, & Samaria oppressive power unseated (A.D. 6) territory reduced Joseph & Mary warned in dream

Philip the Tetrarch (4 B.C. - A.D. 34)

son of Cleopatra of Jerusalem tetrarch over northeastern area built two cities: Caesarea Philippi & Bethsaida married Herodiass daughter-Salome territory given to Syria & eventually to Herod Agrippa I (Herodiass brother)
Friday, August 19, 2011

Friday, August 19, 2011

Herod Antipas (4 B.C. - A.D. 39)

Herod Antipas (4 B.C. - A.D. 39)

younger brother of Archelaus tetrarch: Galilee & Perea rebuilt Sepphoris sought to dethrone Archelaus

falls in love with Herodius (Herod Philips wife) John the Baptist banished with wife (who chooses to follow him); Agrippa I obtains Galilee & Perea

Friday, August 19, 2011

Friday, August 19, 2011

Antipas & Jesus

Three Instances: John the Baptist raised from the dead Jesus refers to Antipas as a fox Pilate sends Jesus to Antipas

Friday, August 19, 2011

Friday, August 19, 2011