INTRODUCTION

Tata Consultancy Services Limited (TCS) (BSE: 532540, NSE: TCS) is an

Indian multinational information technology (IT) services, business solutions and outsourcing services company headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra. TCS is a subsidiary of theTata Group and is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India. It is one of India's most valuable companies[3] and is the largest India-based IT services company by 2012 revenues.

HISTORY
1968 to 2000 Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) was founded in 1968. Its early contracts included providing punched card services to sister company TISCO (now Tata Steel), working on an Inter-Branch Reconciliation System for the Central Bank of India,[4] and providing bureau services to Unit Trust of India. In 1975, TCS conducted its first campus interviews, held at IISc, Bangalore. The recruits comprised 12 Indian Institutes of Technology graduates and three IISc graduates, who became the first TCS employees to enter a formal graduate trainee programme. In 1979, TCS delivered an electronic depository and trading system called SECOM for the Swiss company SIS SegaInterSettle. TCS followed this up with System X for the Canadian Depository System and automating the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. TCS associated with a Swiss partner, TKS Teknosoft, which it later acquired. In 1981, TCS established India's first dedicated software research and development center, the Tata Research Development and Design Center (TRDDC) in Pune. In 1985 TCS established India's first client-dedicated offshore development center, set up for client Tandem. In the early 1990s the Indian IT outsourcing industry grew rapidly due to the Y2K bug and the launch of a unified European currency, Euro. TCS created the factory model for Y2K conversion and developed software tools which automated the conversion process and enabled third-party developer and client implementation.

2000 to present By 2004, TCS's e-business activities were generating over US$500 million in annual revenues. On 25 August 2004 TCS became a publicly listed company. In 2005 TCS became the first India-based IT services company to enter the bioinformatics market. In 2006 TCS designed an ERP system for the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation. In 2008 TCS undertook an internal restructuring exercise which aimed to increase the company's agility. TCS entered the small and medium enterprises market for the first time in 2011, with cloudbased offerings. On the last trading day of 2011, TCS overtook RIL to achieve the highest market capitalisation of any India-based company. In the 2011/12 fiscal year TCS achieved annual revenues of over U$10 billion for the first time.

Acquisitions

Name

Acquisiti on date

Activiti es

Count ry of HQ

Valu e

Headcou nt (at acquisiti on)

Notes

Referen ce

CMC Limited

October 2001

IT Services

India

US$33. 89 m 3,100 (51%)

Access to domestic capability; continues to be a separately run company.

Airline Financial January Support 2004 Services India (AFS)

BPO

India

$5.1 m

316

BPO expertise in Airline and Hospitalit y sector

Name

Acquisiti on date

Activiti es

Count ry of HQ

Valu e

Headcou nt (at acquisiti on)

Notes

Referen ce

Aviation Software Developme nt May 2004 Consultanc y India (ASDC)

IT Services

India

n/a

180

ASDC was a Singapore AirlinesTCS JV; Acquired Singapore Airlines as a major client

Phoenix Global Solutions

May 2004

BPO

India

$13 m

350

Acquire expertise in insurance

Swedish Indian IT Resources May 2005 AB (SITAR)

IT Services

Sweden

$4.8 m

n/a

Acquire blue-chip European customers like Ericsson, IKEA, Vattenfall and Hutchison ; SITAR was TCS exclusive partner in Sweden and a nonexclusive partner in Norway.

Name

Acquisiti on date

Activiti es

Count ry of HQ

Valu e

Headcou nt (at acquisiti on)

Notes

Referen ce

Pearl Group

October 2005

Insurance

United $94.7 m 950 Kingdom

Acquired life and pension outsourcin g business from Pearl Group; Domain knowledg e of life and pension underwriti ng business

[22]

FNS

October 2005

Core Banking Product

Australia $26 m

190

Acquired core banking solution product and access to 116 customers in 35 countries; FNS was an existing partner for TCS

Comicrom

November 2005

Banking BPO

Chile

$23.7 m 1,257

Entry into Latin America; Access to payment processing

Name

Acquisiti on date

Activiti es

Count ry of HQ

Valu e

Headcou nt (at acquisiti on)

Notes

Referen ce

platform

Tata Infotech

February 2006

IT Services

India

n/a

n/a

TCS November Managemen 2006 t

IT Services

Australia $13.0 m 35

Access to Australian clients

TKSTeknosoft

November 2006

Banking Product

Switzerla $80.4 m 115 nd

Expand product portfolio by acquiring rights to Quartz and ownership of Alpha and eportfolio, enhanced presence in Switzerlan d and France

Business Citi Global 8 October Process Services India 2008 Outsourci Limited ng

$505 m 12,472

TCS acquired key BFS domain knowledg e.

Name

Acquisiti on date

Activiti es

Count ry of HQ

Valu e

Headcou nt (at acquisiti on)

Notes

Referen ce

Supervalu Services India

Supervalu USA self 8 October Software India 2010 Service company

612

TCS had a deal with Supervalu to have their Software Outsourci ng to TCS and acquired Supervalu India.

Computatio nal August Research 2012 Labs

High Performan ce India Computin g

$34 m

N/A

Acquire expertise in High Performan ce Computin g (HPC) applicatio ns and Cloud services

PRODUCTS AND SERVICES TCS and its subsidiaries provide a wide range of information technology-related products and services including application development; business process outsourcing; capacity planning; consulting; enterprise software; hardware sizing; payment processing; software management; and technology education services.

Service lines TCS' services are currently organised into the following service lines (percentage of total TCS revenues in the 2011/12 fiscal year generated by each respective service line is shown in parentheses):

Application development and maintenance (44.75%); Asset leverage solutions (3.84%); Assurance services (7.45%); Business intelligence (4.55%); Business process outsourcing (11.04%); Consulting (2.58%); Engineering and Industrial services (4.62%); Enterprise solutions (11.11%); and IT infrastructure services (10.06%).

OPERATIONS
As of 31 March 2012, TCS had 183 offices across 43 countries and 117 delivery centres across 21 countries. At the same date TCS had a total of 58 subsidiary companies. Locations

The Tata Consultancy Services campus at Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. India: TCS has development centres and/or regional offices in the following Indian cities: Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Baroda, Bhubaneswar,Chennai, Coimbatore, Delhi, Gandhina gar, Goa, Gurgaon, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Jamshedpur, Kochi, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, Noida, Pune and Trivandrum.

Africa: TCS has regional offices in South Africa and Morocco. Asia (ex. India): TCS has regional offices in Bahrain, Beijing, Hong Kong, Hangzhou, Shanghai, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, UAE (Dubai) Australia: TCS has a regional office in Australia. Europe: TCS has regional offices in Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. North America: TCS has regional offices in Canada, Mexico and the United States. South America: TCS has regional offices in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Uruguay. Tata Research Development and Design Center Main article: Tata Research Development and Design Centre

The Tata Consultancy Services campus at Madhapur, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh

The Tata Consultancy Services campus at Siruseri, Chennai, Tamil Nadu

TCS established the first software research center in India, the Tata Research Development and Design Center, in Pune, India in 1981. TRDDC undertakes research in Software engineering, Process engineering and Systems Research. Researchers at TRDDC also developed MasterCraft (now a suite of digitisation and optimisation tools) a Model Driven Developmentsoftware that can automatically create code based on a model of a software, and rewrite the code based on the user's needs. Research at TRDDC has also resulted in the development of Sujal, a low-cost water purifier that can be manufactured using locally available resources. TCS deployed thousands of these filters in the Indian Ocean Tsunami disaster of 2004 as part of its relief activities. This product has been marketed in India as Tata swach, a low cost water purifier. Innovation Labs In 2007, TCS launched its Co-Innovation Network, a network of TCS Innovation Labs, startup alliances, University Research Departments, and venture capitalists. In addition to TRDDC, TCS has 19 Innovation Labs based in three countries. TCS' Co-Innovation Network partners include Collabnet, Cassatt, academic institutions such as Stanford, MIT, various IITs, and venture capitalists like Sequoia and Kleiner Perkins.

TCS BPO
TCS BPO is the second largest player in the outsourcing industry in India behind Genpact according to Dataquest survey in August 2011. TCS's BPO arm had revenues of $925 million in the year that ended in March, and 34,000 employees. Other than major Indian cities, TCS BPO is also present in Tier-II locations like Pune. TCS is also expanding its BPO centre in Kolkata, where it already employs 2,000 people. Tata Consultancy Services has opened a business process outsourcing facility in the Philippines following the path of India-based BPO companies which have operations in that country.

EMPLOYEES
TCS had a total of 238,583 employees as of 31 March 2012, of whom 220,835 were based in India and 17,748 in the rest of the world. TCS is one of the largest private sector employers in

India, and the second-largest employer among listed Indian companies (after Coal India Limited). In the 2011/12 fiscal year TCS recruited a total of 70,400 new staff, of whom 61,055 were based in India and 9,345 were based in the rest of the world. In the same period a total of 30,431 staff left employment with TCS, leaving a net increase of 39,969, of whom 36,232 were based in India and 3,737 in the rest of the world. TCS has announced plans to recruit 60,000 graduates in the 2012/13 fiscal year. TCS was the fifth-largest United States visa recipient in 2008

(after Infosys, CTS, Wipro and Mahindra Satyam). On 14 February 2006, US law firm Lieff Cabraser Heimann & Bernstein, LLP filed a nationwide class action lawsuit against Tata. In April 2012, a US District Judge in Oakland, California approved action on the lawsuit on behalf of all non-US citizens employed by TCS within the state of California from 14 February 2002 to 30 June 2005. The workers claimed that they were forced to sign over their federal and state tax refunds to their employer, as well as stating their Indian salaries were wrongfully deducted from their US pay.

SPONSORSHIPS
TCS is one of the sponsors of the New York Marathon, the Chicago Marathon, the Boston Marathon and the Mumbai Marathon. TCS is the title sponsor for the Amsterdam Marathon and the Bangalore 10k. TCS has been a sponsor of the Indian Premier League team Rajasthan Royals since 2009. In addition TCS provides Rajasthan Royals with technologies to help in the analysis of player performance, simulation, and is investing the use of RFID tags for tracking the players fitness levels and for security purposes in the stadiums. TCS conducts an annual IT Quiz called TCS IT Wiz for high school students.

TCS Vs INFOSYS
India, though rich in history, culture, and tradition, is now rapidly developing in terms of Technology and Ecommerce. To address the need for Information technology and its services, Infosys and TCS were created. These are the two giants in the IT industry of India which were powered by the countrys skilled manpower and the exponential development of Information technology Services. Both IT and BPO service providers; these two giants still have their differences. TCS is older compared to Infosys, having started in the 1960s, and is a part of the TATA Conglomerate.

Infosys, though it in 1981, is relatively new to the market. They are both highly innovative and remarkable in their growth and accomplishments. To further highlight their variances, here is a breakdown of their characteristics: TCS This Information Technology Services provider started in 1968 and houses its headquarters in Mumbai. As of press time, TCS is the biggest IT and BPO services provider in the country and is part of the TATA Sons Limited who also has taken an interest in other endeavours like healthcare, steel, chemicals, telecommunications, energy, minerals, and automobiles. Today, TCS has offices in more than 40 countries powered by more than 180, 000 personnel with profits running to an impressive $1.22bn. Infosys Infosys has started late compared to TCS, however, it has been making major steps into popularity and growth as a stiff competitor of TCS. Infosys have their headquarters in Indias Silicone valley which is Bangalore, Karnataka. To date, this ITS provider boasts of 33 business centers in 33 countries and it still actively hiring more people as it is still expanding. Infosys also boasts of being considered as one of the best employers in India with profits standing at $1.26bn. Aside from the stated differences, the two giants also sports differences in terms of hiring policies, manpower, and work which are as follows: 1. TCS and Infosys are both actively hiring fresh graduates from esteemed engineering academes, however, Infosys is hiring more aggressively than TCS because of the formers rapid expansion. 2. TCS is more concerned with BPO, Infosys is renowned for its effective consultancy services. 3. Infosys is more aggressive in acquiring international deals with foreign clients, whereas TCS has more local work particularly with the government such as provision of software to healthcare industries and banks. 4. Both IT giants boast of their own unique product or service: TCS has TCS Quartz while Infosys has Infy Finacle. 5. TCS boasts of cheaper services than TCS, on the other hand, TCS declares to offer better services.

6. There is more work pressure in Infosys employees, whereas TCS workers are able to work at their own pace. 7. Infosys has better promotion process, TCS does not.