INTRODUCTION Crime is still very rampant despite the laws governing such cases.

It is true not only in the Philippines but in the whole world as well. Different crimes happen every day which include but not only rape, murder, robbery, massacre, hostage and homicide. Such crimes were not new which in fact, has been done a lot of written literature from Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (22 May 1859 7 July 1930) up to the present time and other authors in crimes. The works of those writers involved solving mystery crimes through careful observation of the crime scene, reenactment of possible happening and analysis of fragments and evidences found on the crime scene. The analysis part has become evidently useful in most cases which is now termed as forensics. Forensic investigations refer to the use of science and technology in the investigation and establishment of facts or evidence to be used in criminal justice or other proceedings (utb.edu). In case of rape, forensic experts analyze the presence of sperm in a vaginal wash specimen through a panel of chemical laboratory tests. Aside from that, crimes involving killings uses various rapid tests for blood detection including Kastle-Meyer test and Guaiac test. It takes just a swab on the surface suspected with presence of blood and the swab will instantly change color if blood is positive (chemistry.about.com). These tests for blood has been modified and improved so that it can also be utilized for various clinical laboratory tests for blood. Laboratory analysis of urine and feces includes detection for the presence of blood. Using reagents for blood detection is a great help to easily know if blood is present in the specimen. Fecal blood contamination often use guaiac test to detect blood and may pathologically indicate bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract (Starsinger & Di Lorenzo, 2008). The basic principle is that the hemoglobin part of the red blood cell has pseudoperoxidase reaction to Guaiac test reagent that produces blue color. Urine tests uses hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and an addition of chromogen to produce a distinct color (Starsinger & Di Lorenzo, 2008). In forensics, Kastle-Meyer test is presumptive of blood which uses phenolphthalein as an indicator (chemistry.about.com). However, Kastle-Meyer test is not readily available because phenolphthalein which is its indicator is hard to find.

However, the substance anthocyanin which is structurally almost similar in phenolphthalein is also seen in many other plants. The Philippines is blessed for the availability of such plants. It can be attributed to it being a tropical country. Its nature is enriched with many different natural resources that can be made as foods, shelters, clothes, medicines and even vehicle fuels. Food is an essential factor that humans need in order to survive the everyday life. Vegetables like cabbage, carrot, squash, potato, cucumber and radish are just the common products sold in the market since these are included in the primary needs of human. Spices like ginger, pepper, chili, garlic and onion are also commonly sold in which primary ingredient to make meals. With the abundant production of these ingredients for the peoples food annually, huge amount of their peels are thrown away as well. There were numerous researches already exist that use plants as its main subject. Analysis of the different components of plant parts were done in order to utilize it and use as an alternative for many medicines, fuels, reagents use in the laboratory or anything that is useful to man. Chemicals that occur naturally in plants like phenolic compounds include but not only lycopene, saponins, tannins, anthocyanin and others are the usually component used in researches. These components are commonly seen in the of leaves, fruits, trunks, peels, roots of plants like guava, tomato, garlic, onions, atis and cabbage. However utilization of peels of fruit is rare. One advantage of utilizing peel is it can reduce waste in our surroundings. Banana peel, papaya peel, mango peels, orange peel are some of the wastes that were utilizes already as subject in few researches, but red onion peel is never heard of. Red Onion is one of the major ingredients in every meal for most Filipinos. On the study conducted by Lanzotti, 2006, onion is characterized by polar compounds of phenolic and steroidal origin, often glycosilated, showing interesting pharmacological properties. The flavonoids in onion tend to be more concentrated in the outer layers of the flesh. The quercetin and anthocyanins content of onions will be lost if it is "overpeeled" (whfoods.com). Anthocyanin which is present in phenolphthalein and is responsible for positive color change is present in many plants. Red onion (Allium cepa) has that substance in its peelings (National Onion Association).

Despite the inexpensiveness of the Kastle-Meyer solution, the researchers have tried to devise an alternative substance derived from plants as an indicator from blood. Red onion peels turns to be a waste product when cooking. However, the peels will be of use in the study to test for the presence of blood in blood stains. The researchers aim to analyze the efficacy of ethanolic extract of red onion peels as an alternative for blood detection. The central core of this study is to determine whether red onion (bulb), Allium cepa can be utilized as an indicator for blood.