1600 Drill Exercises

1600 DRILL EXERCISES
IN CORRECTIVE ENGLISH
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1600 DRILL EXERCISES

IN
CORRECTIVE ENGLISH
By
0. M.
HANNA
Instructor of English
River Falls State Normal School River Falls, Wisconsin
and
Joseph
District
Taylor, PdD. Superintendent of the New York

S.
City
Public Schools
NOBLE AND NOBLE,

76
Publishers
FIFTH AVENUE
NEW YORK
"V-I
Copyright IQ22
By Noble and Noble
APR 19 1922
>CI.A659675
^^>
PREFACE
This book has been written
ten English.
to provide pupils in the
elementary
school with exercises suitable for practice in correct oral and writ-
Schools throughout the United States are recognizing the im-
portance of making
grammar
function in the speech of children.

less
The demand
for
more "functional grammar" and

insistent.
parsing and
diagramming has been

correct speech.
The New York

it
City syllabus in
English has just been revised and
insists
strongly upon habits of
This book
is
intended, not to supersede grammar, but to offer
exercises for the application of the laws of
grammar
in the daily
speech of the pupil.
W. W.
Charters has shown that of the errors
made by Kansas City
school children, twenty-four per cent consist
of a confusion of past tense and past participle; fourteen per cent

are a failure of the verb to agree with
its
subject; twelve per cent
involve the uses of lay and
lie,
aint got, can

;
and
will, shall
and will;
case
eleven per cent are the double negative
redundance
in syntax fur-
nishes another ten per cent; while the rest relate to
wrong
forms of pronouns, confusion of adjective and adverb, confusion

of adjective and pronoun, etc.
text of this
All these errors are covered in the

drill exercises.
book by an abundance of
A
class
number
of pages have been left blank to enable the teacher
to insert exercises for the correction of errors peculiar to her
own
which may not have received attention
in the book.
Ill
CONTENTS
CORRECTIVE EXERCISES IN WRITTEN COMPOSITION.
Exercise
1.
Personal Pronouns, I and
Me.
Exercise Exercise
2.
3.
Personal Pronouns, I and

Personal Pronouns, I and Personal Pronouns,
Me Me
(Continued).
(Continued).
Exercise
Exercise
4.
5.
Personal Pronouns,
We We
and Us.
and Us (Continued).
Exercise Exercise
6.
7. 8.
Review
of Personal Pronouns.
Personal Pronouns, She and Her.

Personal Pronouns, She and
Exercise
Exercise
Her (Continued).
9.
Review
Exercise Exercise
Exercise Exercise
Exercise Exercise Exercise Exercise
10.
Personal Pronouns, Personal Pronouns,
11.
12. 13. 14.
He He
and Him. and
Him
(Continued).
Review
Personal Pronouns, Personal Pronouns,
They and Them. They and Them (Continued).
15.
16.
17.
Review Review
of Personal Pronouns. of All the Personal Pronouns.
Interrogative Pronouns,
Interrogative
Who
and
Whom.
Exercise
18.
and Relative Pronouns,
Who
and
Whom.
Exercise 19. Relative Pronouns, Who and Whom. Exercise 20. Relative Pronouns, Who and Whom (Continued) Exercise 21. Review of the Interrogative and Relative Pronouns.
Exercise 22. Agreement of Pronound with Its Antecedent. Exercise 23. Agreement of Pronoun with its Antecedent (Continued).
Exercise 24.
Interrogative and Relative Pronouns,
Who, Which,
and What.
Exercise 25. Relative Pronouns, Who, Which, That, and What. Exercise 26. The Verbs, Rise and Raise.
Exercise 27. The Verbs, Rise and Raise (Continued). Exercise 28. The Verbs, Lie and Lay. Exercise 29. The Verbs, Lie and Lay (Continued). Exercise 30. The Verbs, Sit and Set. Exercise 31. The Verbs, Sit and Set (Continued). Exercise 32. Review of the Preceding Verbs. Exercise 33. The Exercise 34. The Exercise 35. The Exercise 36. The
Verbs, Shall and Will.
Verbs, Shall and Will (Continued).
Verbs, Shall and Will (Continued).
Verbs, Should and Would. Exercise 37. The Verbs, Should and Would (Continued). Exercise 38. Review of the Preceding Verbs.
Exercise 39. Exercise 40. Exercise 41. Exercise 42. Exercise 43.
The
Verbs,
Can and May.

of Verbs. of
of
Agreement Agreement Agreement
Verbs (Continued).
Verbs (Continued).
Miscellaneous Irregular Verbs.
Exercise 44. Miscellaneous Irregular Verbs (Continued). Exercise 45. Adjective and Adverbial Modifiers.
Exercise Exercise Exercise Exercise
46.
To, Too, or Two. The Verb, Come. 48. The Verb, Do.
47.
49.
The
Verb, See.
Exercise 50. The Verb, Go.
CORRECTIVE EXERCISES IN ORAL DRILL.

Exercises 51-64.
BLANK EXERCISES FOR ADDITIONAL SENTENCES.

Exercises 65-69.
PRINCIPAL PARTS OF IRREGULAR VERBS.

VI
NOTE TO THE TEACHER.

After the pupils have written the sentences
in the following exercises their
work should be
corrected by the teacher and later returned to
them
so that the reasons for each correction
may
be discussed orally in the classroom.
VII
PERSONAL PRONOUNS,
The
AND ME.
;
nominative form / is used as the subject of a verb predicate pronoun; nominative by address; nominative absolute; or in apposition to a noun in the nominative case.
The
objective
form
Me
is
used as a direct object; indirect object;
object of a preposition; subject of an infinitive; predicate pronoun after an infinitive whose subject is objective; or in apposition to a
noun
in the objective case.
Exercise
1.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the personal pronouns / or Me in accordance with the above mentioned rules.
1.
It
is
2.
3.
Who
He
It
is
will do it?
not as
tall as
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11. 12.
13.
14. 15. 16. 17.
must have been Go with John and She said that it was It was that called. will sit together. You and If you were would you do it? May Harry and come too? Will you come with Alfred and ? Blanche gave Margaret and a ticket. You and _. were both to blame. She invited both you and to her party. Every one was there except Alice and I saw him strike first. Just between you and Without John and to help, the work would not be
, ,
done.
there is no help. For you and Everyone missed the train except Julia and He got two letters from Laura and It was that drove the carriage. Neither he nor had read the story. They thought it must have been Will you go with James and ? She gave the roses.
PERSONAL PRONOUNS,
noun
AND ME
(Continued).
The nominative form / is used as the subject of a verb; predicate pronoun; nominative by address; nominative absolute; or in apposition to a
in the
nominative case.
is
The
objective
form
Me
used as a direct object
indirect object;
noun
Exercise
2.
1.
2.
3. 4.
5.
6.
7.
shrubbery was taller than bought the book for Joseph and The children and spent the day in the country. It must have been you and that they met. If you were would you go? Between you and I think he is guilty.
The
He
They
I
are not so old as

is
8.
think he
prizes
taller
than
to
9.
The
It
were awarded
Howard and
10.
1 1
was
that told the story.
12.
13. 14.
15. 16. 17. 18.
Jennie gave Frank and a present. Everyone is going to the picnic except you and He thought it was whom they met. He had seen Flossie and before you arrived.
It
was Harry and
that
drew
the picture.
Father took John and
to the circus.
19.
Wait for May and He knew it was but They pulled the girls and
,
:
they didn't.
on their
-
sleds.
20.
21.
22.
23. 24. 25.
were boys together. John, James, and She is somewhat taller than Oh, had it only been
!
The
girls
and
are invited.
Father gave
my
,
brother and
,
_____
a pony.
My sister and
are invited.
PERSONAL PRONOUNS,
AND ME
(Continued).
The nominative form / is used as the subject of a verb; predicate pronoun; nominative by address; nominative absolute; or in apposition to a noun in the nominative case. The
objective
form
Me
is
noun
Exercise
3.
1.
-
2.
3.
4.
5.
for I was at home. have been Neither you nor heard the report. will do the errands. Martha and Who swept the floor? It was
It could not
,
It
was
either
Henry
or
.
6.
7.
The
picture
was
sent to
Will you write
poem?
8.
He
spoke the piece for
Mary and
9.
10.
11.
12.
will skate with you and divided the oranges between my sister and They thought at first that John was John was thought at first to be
Howard
He
13. 14.
15.
J
They at first thought John They never thought of its Did you think him to be
to be being
?
6.
Who will
17.
18.
19.
ask for it, you or Let this be kept a secret between you and There is no one to go except and my mother. It must have been _, for it wasn't she who was asked.
20.
21.
This
is
for
you and
___
to
do with
as
we
please.
22.
23.
Alice invited Mr. Clark and to her party. It was intended for either you or I am sure. will wait for each other every day. You and
,
24. 25.
Is he better
She disliked both of us, but prepared than
more than Frank.

to take the examination?
The is a verb; predicate pronoun; nominative by address; nominative absolute;

or in apposition to a noun in the nominative case.
PERSONAL PRONOUNS, WE AND US. nominative form We used as the subject of

form Us
is
The
objective
noun
Exercise
Rewrite the sentences
filling the
4.
We
1.
or
It
Us
in accordance
.
blanks with personal pronouns with the above mentioned rules.
was
is
2.
3.
Who
it?
It
is
She gave the roses to
4.
5. 6.
7.
He showed Was it
This
the pictures. the prize? It must have been that you saw. girls are going to climb the mountains.
who won
8.
9.
10.
1 1
12.
13.
14.
boys. is only for boys to swim. taught boys are going fishing. Americans. That is a new thought for we would have known better. If it had been
He
He He
wouldn't
tell
girls.
took a picture of
boys standing on the overhanging
cliff.
15. 16.
17.
18.
there are no secrets. Between you and Will you go with Ben and ? He walked slowly behind the president and are going on a picnic. Our teachers and
19.
20.
He To
It
21.
22.
23.
___
is
girls. referred the matter to who deserve it, he will give the credit. who deserve it will get the credit.
Few
24.
25.
that deserve the credit. students will get the credit, only She knew _____ to be honest. The teacher told William and
_____ who
girls to
deserve
it.
__
speak distinctly.
predicate pronoun
is used as the subject of a verb; nominative by address nominative absolute ; or in apposition to a noun in the nominative case.
;
PERSONAL PRONOUNS, The nominative form We

objective
WE AND
;
US
(Continued).
The
form Us
is
used in a direct object; indirect object;
noun
Exercise
5.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the personal pronouns We or Us in accordance with the above mentioned rules.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
have been that failed ? should he ask if not ? Did you know that he was with Margaret and It was not that he feared. on the bench. He sat between Nora and
it
Could
Whom
6.
7.
They
8. 9.
you spoke. dance with them. who are here must continue the work. They picked only a few to go. were among those
It to
was
whom
asked
girls to
chosen.
10.
It should
have been
who were
silent.
11.
12.
13.
The
question
was
left for
honored. students to settle.
He
told
14
15. 16. 17.
18.
They They They They They They
were believed
boys to keep to be
thought that the
visitors
were
believed the visitors to be never thought of the visitors being
19.
20. 21. 22. 23.

24.
25.
thought to be burglars. ~ thought that it must have been Luxuries are not for such as They came because they believed the men to be boys are going to the circus. boys a free ride. The man gave among the The president spoke to all the boys, It was either you or whom he meant. Will you go? Who, ?
rest.
REVIEW OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS, L ME, WE/ US.

Exercise
filling the
6.
blanks with the correct form
of any of the above mentioned pronouns.

1.
You know,
unto
2.
French stormed Ratisbon. must do unto others as would have others do

it
3.
4.
5.
sure that no one regrets Charles wanted you and Who is knocking? It is
I
am
more than ______

to go driving
with him.
6.
7.
The
sense of Justice forced
into the war.
Everybody went skating excepting three. 8. did for France what they did for 9. He objected to her actions more than 10. Was it Mary or who was ungrateful? 11. It is who have called you so often. 12. do not see ourselves as others see 13. The damage cost my neighbor and many dollars. 14. You and were asked to go to the picnic yesterday. 15. What did he think of you and ? 16. It was to be but they mistook her for _, so she was sent instead. the people of the United States, do ordain and estab17. lish this Constitution for the United States. that they wanted. 18. It was you and had better leave immediately. 19. You and 20. "If you want a job make one for yourselves," he told Harry and of whom you speak, then I will go. 21. If this be
,
,
22. 23.
Where
Just
breathes the foe but falls before
24. 25.
four were left of all those gallant men. Give this day our daily bread. are to play this morning. Don't forget that you and
PERSONAL PRONOUNS, SHE AND HER.

nominative form She is used as the subject of a verb; nominative by address nominative absolute ; or in apposition to a noun in the nominative case.
predicate pronoun
; ;
The
The
objective
form Her
is
used as a direct object; indirect

is
object; object of a preposition; subject of an infinitive; predicate
pronoun after an infinitive whose subject tion to a noun in the objective case.
objective; or in apposi-
Exercise
7.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the personal pronouns She or Her in accordance with the above mentioned rules.
1.
The
If I
teacher called Ralph and
2.
3.
were
it
should object.
Was
It
that I
met?
4.
5. 6.
7.
They
8.
9.
instead of me. and Paul and came together. Father wants and her sister to call. Look at Lucy and It must have been who called.
visited
must have been
May
10.
It
was
or
?
is
11.
12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.
Do you want Mabel

Could
it
,
You
It
have been whom you met, are taller than

either
my
mother.
was
or Sarah.
will get the box for you.
Ida and
18.
19.
Neither
I
and Henry were there. nor Rachel cared

it is
,
to go.
am
sure
20. 21. 22. 23.

24.
.25.
Let
whom
you know, do the typewriting.
You and
I
are both invited.
want you and to go. She says nothing is too good for either you or There is no one to sing except and her Do you think it can be ?
father.
PERSONAL PRONOUNS, SHE AND HER

The
predicate pronoun
;
;
(Continued).
nominative form She is used as the subject of a verb; nominative by address nominative absolute or in apposition to a noun in the nominative case.
;
The
objective
form Her
is
used in a direct object; indirect object;
noun
Exercise
8.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the personal pronouns She or Her in accordance with the above mentioned rules.
1.
Those peaches
It
is
are for
and me.
2.
3. 4.
5.
not right to expect piano was left to The landlord turned

,
Ruth and
to do all the work. and her sister. and her children into the street.
whom
you know,
is
my
cousin.
6.
7.
It
I I
wasn't who called. bought the rabbits for
and Mary.
8.
9.
knew Did you

Shall
who had
the fever.
10.
11.
12.
13. 14.
15. 16. 17.
recognize ? or John? go with Either or I shall go. and I are going. Both nor her sister. I neither liked and Mildred kept things lively. knew the difference. Martha as well as
we
Her mother
If
is
taller
than
you telegraph
once.
to be knew knew the woman want you and
and her mother, they will come

false.
at
18. 19.
I I I
to be
whom
you
seek.
20.
to go to the city.
21
22.
We thought
I
to be honest.
23. 24.
25.
was not sure of its being was at first thought to be

thought at first that it must have been never thought of the singer being _
8
We We
REVIEW OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS,
/,
ME, SHE,
AND
HER.
9.
Exercise
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the correct form of any of the above mentioned personal pronouns.
1.
2. 3. 4.
5.
have invitations for and She has been very friendly to

.
and
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
1 1
Show it to and and John got the apples for He ran away from and Tom went with _____ and She sat between and Mr. Wilson passed by and Anna walked behind and A crowd gathered about and
The
Let
foliage served as a roof above
and
12.
and
it
go.
13.
14.
Was
If I
or
,
who
ate the fruit?
15. 16. 17. 18.
were I should answer the man. They walked a mile with and He wrote to and and are going to the lake.
The
Give
.
teacher mistook
for
19.
It should
it
have been
who was
.
chosen, not
20. 21.
22.
to
is
_____
or
taller
than
23. 24.
25.
knew it to be It was but They followed

I
,
and
I
thought
it
was someone
a mile.
else.
He
stood before
and and
PERSONAL PRONOUNS, HE AND HIM.

nominative form He is used as the subject of a verb; predicate pronoun; nominative by address; nominative absolute; or in apposition to a noun in the nominative case.
The
The objective form Him is used as a direct object; indirect object; object of a preposition; subject of an infinitive; predicate
is
Exercise
10.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the personal pronouns He or Him in accordance with the above mentioned rules.
1.
Was
It
is
it
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. 7.
and I missed the boat. house was painted by and Robert. It was whom you met. I am who stopped the train. You are older than
The
8.
I will sing for I
you and
-
9.
am
is
10.
I like to
11. 12.
13.
It
not as tall as __. write better than who laughed.
Mary and
sat in the front seat.
Was
It
I
it
who
mis-spelled the
word?
14. 15. 16.

17.
must have been
who
and
was grieved
is
that you
answered. should refuse to answer.
18.
19.
20.
21. 22. 23.

24.
25.
should go. nor Lillian went. Neither who picked the fruit. It must have been Mother wrote to Joe and together? Did you see the boys and whom you wanted. I thought it was
It
It can't be
who
whom
you met
at
Was
it
you mean. our summer home?

play.
There
are
I invited
few more honest men than and William to the
10
PERSONAL PRONOUNS, HE AND HIM

The
icate
(Continued).
nominative form He is used as the subject of a verb; predpronoun; nominative by address; nominative absolute; or in apposition to a noun in the nominative case.
The
objective
form
Him
is

is
Exercise
11.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the personal pronouns He or Him in accordance with the above mentioned rules.
1.
When
are you and
to
go?
?
2.
3.
Who
will take the message, you or
4.
5.
6.
7.
and Jane arrived too late for refreshments. May and Rose get the money? Nothing is too good for and his brother. and his sister visited us. This book is for you and J
.
8.
9.
10.
11. 12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
J8.
19.
20.
21. 22.
23.
24. 25.
Neither nor Harriet guessed the answer. All are going, his sister, and mother. I should assist her more willingly than if not stronger. I am as strong as I knew to be honest in all his dealings. I, at first, thought the burglar to be to be able to go. I believe I should object. If I were whom we all know. He was betrayed by his friend, I wanted to be at the head of his class. when I saw him. I thought Robert to be knew it to be I was not sure of its being You were at first thought to be at first thought that you were I should have recognized him. If it had been You were recognized to be as soon as you stepped
, ,
We
We
from the and
train.
I
are going to see
Mary
Pickford today.
11
REVIEW OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS,

HIM.
Exercise
Besides
filling the
/,
ME, HE,
AND
12.
of any of the above mentioned personal pronouns.

1.
and
there are seven others.
2.
3.
4.
5.
There was a secret understanding between and Mary and John will go instead of Did you hear the story about and
and
.
They thought
If
6.
7.
8.
you want and She played for

or
and to be honest. and we will come. were children together. and

,
9.
Either
may
came
>
go.
10.
11.
and
together.
?
Who
is
taller,
or
12.
13.
14.
15.
Between you and that is not so. There was an article written about and She knew it was but John thought it
,
to be
16.
17. 18.
19.
nor car was bought for Its being and

it
Neither
knew
her at the time.

.
and
made no
difference in the matter.
20. 21.
22.
23. 24.
25.
guessed the correct number? should have given it to to be when I passed you? or The swimmer was thought to be either _. together? Have you ever seen and belongs all the credit. To and George thought it was but it was not or They thought the author to be either
or
Was Had
who
been Did you think

it
12
PERSONAL PRONOUNS, THEY AND THEM.

The
nominative form They
is
used as the subject of a verb;
predicate pronoun; nominative by address; nominative absolute;
or in apposition to a noun in the nominative case.
The
objective
form
Them
is

is
Exercise
13.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the personal pronouns They or Them in accordance with the above mentioned
rules.
1.
2.
3. 4.
5.
that you saw. was must have been Did you see Nellie and There is no room for you and
It
It
To
you and
that stay
belongs
all
the honor.
6.
7.
must study.
were
?
that wish to go, I will excuse.
8. 9.
Did you say Mabel and
that these
are expected to arrive this evening.
10.
1 1
12.
13.
14.
These are not for such as The letter was written to you and together? Have you ever seen Clara and Let who are without sin, cast the first stone.
,
He
It
seeks to please
who
study diligently.
15.
16.
17. 18.
who lowered the flag. was Give the money to and their mother. If it had been I should have objected.
,
19.
20.
21.
22.
23. 24.
25.
but you that we wish to please. I should have heard them. Had it been It was that brought the message. are the ones that I wanted. who spoke were dismissed. who speak I will dismiss. that are honorable will be honored. She spoke to Floyd and
It
is
not
13
PERSONAL PRONOUNS, THEY AND THEM

tinued).
(Con-
The nominative form They is used as the subject of a verb; predicate pronoun; nominative by address; nominative absolute;
or in apposition to a noun in the nominative case. The objective form Them is used as a direct object; indirect
is
Exercise
14.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the personal pronouns They or Them in accordance with the above mentioned
rules.
1.
We
It
2.
3.
All have
wished that we were left but

are the ones I spoke to you about.
4.
5.
6.
7.
was not who came for us. We drew pictures for and the boys. It was and you whom I looked for today.
Since
I
it
is
will not object.
8.
9.
made any more. Everyone attended except John and

did not think
10. 11.
12. 13. 14. 15.
We
spoke to everybody except

there
is
Between you and Behind George and
no dispute.
procession.
came the whole

and me.
that honor me, I will honor.
16. 17.
18. 19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24. 25.
asked me and to go driving. Tilly thought the callers were The callers were thought to be thought the callers to be never thought of the callers being never suspected John and James to be John and James were not suspected of being They never suspected that John and James were Did you think of its being ? that pass the examination I will excuse tomorrow. Blessed are that mourn for they shall be comforted.
He He
wrote to
We We We
14
REVIEW OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS, WE, AND THEM.

Exercise
15.
US,
THEY,
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the correct form of any of the above mentioned personal pronouns.
1.
It
Is
is it
and
whom
.
he delights to please.
the race
?
2. 3.
4.
5.
or who They have all ridden but She wanted Charles and They supposed and
won
and to go with
to
know
the way.
6.
7.
Was Was
It
it
it
No,
it
was
8.
9.
or who ate the pie? but they thought it to be the other people. Let none start but who know the way.
was
10.
Between
and
see
.
11.
Did you
Its
12.
13.
14.
being
there is bitter rivalry. or was it ? should make no difference to Robert and
15.
16. 17. 18.
19.
20. 21.
22.
23. 24. 25.
but did not recognize boys. for he thought it was He thought to be but he was mistaken. He never thought of its being and It was not who knocked. It was It could not have been for were away. The messengers chosen should be ^_ rather than who are our enemies. He asked and to go driving. It is not who are to go. It is It was neither nor
,
Henry spoke to He doesn't know
Was
If
it
it
or
,
that you
I
met?
were
it
He knew
was
should have come at once. but she thought it to be

,
15
REVIEW OF ALL THE PERSONAL PRONOUNS.

Exercise
16.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the correct form of any personal pronoun including It.
1.
It
I
was not
who was
to go.
It
was
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
may be true. do not believe the report although You and are to be the principal speakers. Did a letter come for you or ? Its being should not change your plans. They expected and to be present at the meeting.
7.
8.
perform the work well it will be necessary for away from They say that we look like and
For
to
to stay
9.
10.
1 1
Whom
12.
careful to take off his hat when he entered. ? did they ask for? You and .. believe they talked of for they smiled at stayed at Nobody asked them to go, so and
was very
home.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18. 19.
20.
21. 22. 23.

24.
25.
conquered call him, for Great, let if I were I should send for more money. should give nor accepted the invitation. Neither are going to the theatre. and who came last or ? Was it did not like was a very good story, but going to be chosen? danced well together. and
it.
Am
A
Did you
see
and
in sailor
costume?
large fortune
was
left to
and
after
come
to
bury Caesar not to praise
Did
follow
we
left
16
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS,
WHO AND WHOM.

is,
is,
An interrogative pronoun is a pronoun used in asking questions. Who is always in the nominative case (that it does or is something) while Whom is always in the objective case (that it is
;
the object of a verb or a preposition, or

after an infinitive
is
a predicate
pronoun
whose subject
is
in the objective case).
Exercise
17.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the interrogative pronouns Who or Whom in accordance with the above mentioned
rules.
1.
To
were you talking?

did you
2.
3.
mean?
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
1 1
.
12. 13.
14.
15. 16. 17.
have we here ? do you see coming? do you say helps you finish the work? have I offended? do you think she is ? did you think him to be ? do you suppose came for me ? do you think is going for us? do you say will speak tonight ? do you suspect of the theft ? do you say he meant? do you think he is ?
shall I .say
is
calling ?
did you think James to be?
18. 19.
was James thought to be? did you think I wanted?

do you wish me to represent? did you think Floyd was ?
did they take me for? did you say killed the man? was he, do you suppose? were you speaking about ?
20.
21. 22.
23. 24.
25.
To
am
speaking?
17
INTERROGATIVE AND RELATIVE PRONOUNS,
WHO
AND WHOM.
An
interrogative pronoun
relative
pronoun
is
is a pronoun used in asking questions. pronoun that connects the dependent clause
(of which it is a part) to the antecedent of the pronoun. Who is always in the nominative case (that is, it does or is something) while Whom is always in the objective case (that is, it is the object of a verb or a preposition).
;
Exercise
18.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the interrogative pronouns Who and Whom in accordance with the above mentioned
rules.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8. 9.
10.
1 1
.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
i-19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
I never knew you thought did it. told him. Jake did not say I cannot remember you mean. You have not said you would like to have help you. Tell me I ought to see. Do you know is coming ? I cannot recall was with me then. Do you know he was with ? Albert said to me, " do you know there?" shall I choose as my partner?" The boy asked, " did you say went with you ? were you talking to as you came down the street? did you say was coming in the morning? spoke to you? Is this the girl did you say you were? I thought was ambassador to England. He asked me Ask him he wants to see. did he ask for? did he tell you I am? do you think I am ? Elmer thinks we are? Do you know Grace thought it was? Can you imagine we thought you were. You can never guess do you think should pay the bill if not he ? should we visit next?
18
RELATIVE PRONOUNS,
WHO AND WHOM.

(that is, it does or is someobjective case (that is, it is or is the predicate pronoun
relative
clause
(of
pronoun is a pronoun that connects the dependent which it is a part) to the antecedent of the pronoun.
Who is always in the nominative case thing) ; while is always in the the object of a verb or a preposition, after an infinitive whose subject is in
Whom
the objective case).
Exercise
filling the
19.
noun
rules.
1.
Who
He
is
or
Whom
blanks with the relative proin accordance with the above mentioned
the boy
you thought
me
to be.
2.
3. 4.
5.
We recommend only those we know. We gave the prize to Joe we greatly admired. We know the man you nominated.
He He
She
is
the person
6.
7.
is
is
the one
8.
We
He
9.
the one chose the man is the man
thought you to be. thought to be you. we thought had been ill.

I I
there was no went with.
criticism about.
10.
1 1
12.
13. 14.
The woman had a We visited a man We saw the man This is the man That is the woman
15. 16.
17. 18. 19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24. 25.
very manly. very wealthy. we thought to be a thief. we think will be president. we thought was my aunt. was thought to be I. He is the one we think honest are not always trustworthy. Men I resemble? Is she the one I thought was my friend deceived me. The man I think to be very clever. have engaged a man they thought would come. They invited all The man we elected was not worthy of the honor. The position was held by a man was lame. The governor refused to pardon the man he had every reason to believe, was guilty. But then my servant, I had intended to take with me, deceived me. I can trust my affairs to. I don't know anyone
son
they say
is
we thought was
We
19
RELATIVE PRONOUNS,
WHO AND WHOM
(Con-
tinued).
Exercise 20.
filling the
noun
rules.
1.
Who
or
Whom
in
blanks with the relative proaccordance with the above mentioned
piece
was
recited
by Mr. Chase,
I
had already
set
heard sing.
2.
The
secretary,
doubt took the money, must be

I
free.
3. I called I
on the
man
4. 5. 6.
7. 8.
advise you to apply to all those

to the one
knew could fix my engine. _____ you know will

trust.
give.
Go
you can Here is young Ferdinand She lived with an uncle Another man then spoke
of the three.
I
they suppose
she said
is
drowned.
her.
we
all
was very kind to declared was the

away.
first.
best
9.
10.
11.
met the man Give the money

I will call
you told
to
me was
(ever) comes
first,
(ever) will
I will give it to
come
they will appoint.
12. 13. 14.

15. 16.
(ever) you want. (ever) you wish.
(ever) you say, I will appoint. (ever) you wish. will work with
17.
18.
(ever) loves his flag, I have a message. For (ever) the Every avenue of escape is shut against people say is unworthy. the ambassador should They were very anxious about
be.
19.
We
20.
(ever) he appoints. shall gladly assist All of us met to consider the question of
sent.
should be
21. 22. 23.

24. 25.
Was
it
they
for the task
you promised
loveth,
to take
with you?
it.
Employ
(ever) applies for
_____
the
Lord
is
He
chasteneth.
We
The
elect to office
election
one of we know nothing. have no inoften controlled by aliens
terest in
our country:
men
20
canized.
we have
never Ameri-
REVIEW OF THE INTERROGATIVE AND RELATIVE PRONOUNS.

Exercise 21.
the interrogative pronouns
Who
1.
or
Whom.
me
,
blanks with the correct form of or or the relative pronouns Also put in the correct punctuation marks at the
filling the
Who
Whom
end of the sentences.

Tell
it is you see across the room do you think it is enjoys a good book will never be alone we help we shall love and they will love us
2.
3. 4.
5.
He
Those
does he seek
6.
7.
8.
9.
10. 11.
12.
13.
14.
were you speaking do you think I saw today you may rely Jack is a boy upon He is a friend I know you can trust He just asked you were do you think will be elected called me on the telephone For did you buy these pretty flowers they wish The men can invite
It
is
To
15.
know
16. 17.
18. 19.
pleasant to help those love us

will not
we
want
love
and
we
He
I did
work
shall
not ask
you were
ye serve are no
The Gods
Bf
was
Gods
began the quarrel

the Declaration of Independence written
I
20. 21. 22. 23.
do you think
am
is
He
army
has self-control
greater than he
leads an
With
24.
25.
Many
are you going skating do you pity now are weary of war are the jeople
21
AGREEMENT OF THE PRONOUN WITH

CEDENT.
ITS ANTE-
pronoun agrees with
its
antecedent in gender, number, and
person.
Exercise 22.
of the
1
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the correct form pronoun in accordance with the above mentioned rule.
Neither would admit Each man gave what
mistakes.
2.
3.
could.
4.
5. 6.
7.
8. 9.
10.
11. 12.
13.
14.
Everyone declared that was not guilty. Each of the band of thieves went to own home. Everyone declared in favor of the bill. The oriole shows great skill in constructing nest. Everybody must speak for Every person should control temper. Has everyone received reward? Let each of the girls take seat. If anybody comes, tell I shall soon return. Each officer and each soldier will be allowed to go to home. Every city and state furnished required number of
soldiers.
15.
Neither the farmer nor the merchant can declare dependence of the other. Where can I buy a good automobile or carriage
?
in-
if
want
16.
17.
18. 19.
20.
21.
22. 23. 24.

25.
health by hard work alone. boy or girl ever injured Neither the man nor his sister would tell what saw. All the boys and girls may keep seats. work first? Which of the boys finished If anybody knows the answer, must not tell. Every boy hung hat on own hook. Everybody had to sign name. Even a child is known by doings. Is everyone in own seat?
No
Each man must make
own
bed.
22
AGREEMENT OF THE PRONOUN WITH CEDENT (Continued).

A
pronoun agrees with
its
ITS ANTE-
antecedent in gender, number, and
person.
Exercise 23.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the correct form of the pronoun in accordance with the above mentioned rule.
1.
2.
3. 4.
5.
The class acknowledged The band of soldiers drew

.
mistake.
guns as we approached. you have read "Little Men," give to me. report. The committee is ready to make The committee disagreed among themselves about
If
re-
port.
6.
7.
Will everybody do
as
has promised
Not one
be.
of the prisoners had any idea of
what
fate
would
8.
Not one
If
them was suspected by

to come, bring
neighbors or by
the police.
9.
anybody refuses
by
force.
10.
1 1
Has everybody
forgotten
.
pencils?
Every pupil must buy
own
book.
12.
13.
When Bruno
The
catches a rabbit or a squirrel he brings to his master.
14.
jury brought in verdict. After the judge dismissed the jury, homes.
went
to
15.
16.
17. 18. 19.
The senate is divided in _____ opinion. choice of a motto. The class disagreed in president. The class elected manceuver without an error. The army executed decision in favor of a new building. The school gave
After he dismissed the crowd, went to homes. books in All the boys may leave desks. Neither Mildred nor Mary had read book. opinion of the bill. The church gave meeting in the afternoon. Our club is to have dues. Every member must pay
20.
21.
22. 23.
24. 25.
23
INTERROGATIVE AND RELATIVE PRONOUNS, WHO, WHICH, AND WHAT.

Who, Which, and What
terrogative pronouns.
sonified objects)
;
Who
refers only to
are used both as relative and as inhuman beings (or per-
Which is used in referring to a particular unit or individual from a group; What is used in asking questions regardless of either persons or things. What as a relative pronoun means "that which."
Exercise 24.
Rewrite the sentences using the correct form of the relative or Who, Which, or What in accordance with the above mentioned rules.
interrogative pronoun
1.
would you
do you
is
like to
do
this
afternoon?
2.
3.
like the best ?
4.
5.
6.
7.
sweeter than honey? we invite to the dance ? of you men would like to volunteer? is the best play to see? is the trouble over there ?
shall
8.
From
They
did you borrow that umbrella?

shall I choose, the red or the
9.
10. 11.
12.
13. 14. 15.
16. 17.
18. 19.
20.
21.
white? govern the most make the least noise, wake. For hope is but the dream of those of these books do you want? The God gave us life, gave us liberty at the same time. loves his fellow-men. Write me as one of the pens you wanted. I did not know may happen. If you continue, I do not know can tell, save he whose heart hath tried? Oh he was. I did not see I tell you. Please do are desired by men of the Riches and influence are world.
1
There
are
many
children
are afraid of the dark.
22. 23. 24. 25.
From
of the glasses did he drink?

girl will
you choose?
of the dresses will you
buy?
coming?
will be the reason for your not
24
RELATIVE PRONOUNS, WHO, WHICH, THAT, AND
WHAT
The
and what.
(Continued).
simple forms of the relative pronouns are who, which, that, Who refers only to human beings (or personified objects) ; Which refers to animals, plants, and things; That may be used for either persons, animals, or things to point them out or make them more definite; What refers to either persons or things usually used in place of "that which" or "those which."
Exercise 25.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the relative pronouns Who, Which, That, and What according to the above mentioned rules.
1.
A charity
Let them obey The government
is
is
not broad
is
no charity at
all.
2.
3.
4.
5.
feared
may
not how to rule. is hated seldom lasts. sometimes be avoided.
know
(ever)
.
would search
for pearls
must dive deep.
6.
7. 8.
(ever) begins also ends.
He is most safe from danger . is on his guard. Virtues are the spices and salt season a man. 9. The plant is often transferred does not prosper. 10. Recollect every day has been seen, heard, and read. 11. (ever) is once hated is not easily raised again to honor. 12. All men admire (ever) is good and true.
13.
I
want
is
the one
you have.
I
14.
15. 16.
17.
He
I
the
did not I had forgotten

I
man know
know
spoke to you about.

coat belonged to him.
the man's
should like to
is
18. 19.
Nothing
done well
20.
Manner is the enamel They are the silent griefs

Sincerity
is
name was. books we must bring to school. is done hastily. is put on the gold of character.
,
cut the heart-strings.
21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
one of the most important virtues

is
can be
possessed.
may be old in experience. always to be desired and sought. (ever) was revealed by books, he had already learned. Nature can please only those tastes are unprejudiced
young
in years
is
man
morally good
is
and
refined.
25
THE
VERBS, RISE
AND
RAISE.
The main difference between these two verbs is that Rise, meaning to move from a lower position to a higher one, is an intransitive verb which merely expresses action not received by any person or thing; whereas Raise, meaning to cause to rise, is a transitive
verb which expresses action that or thing.
Principal parts:
is
actually received by
some person
RISE, ROSE, RISING,
RISEN
RAISE, RAISED, RAISING, RAISED.

Exercise 26.
rules.
1.
filling the
blanks with the correct form of
the verb Rise or Raise in accordance with the above mentioned
2.
3.
He He
I
from
his seat.
to the occasion.
as early as four o'clock.
have
4.
5.
Has John
the
late
window ?
must
trot all day.
?
6.
7.
He who When does

The
I
the sun
8. 9.
10. 11.
12. 13. 14.
_____ the dough. above the trees. moon I can the window if you wish it. The moon has already. The moon o'er the village.
yeast
saw
the
He
If
If
from you will you would

river
rivers
his
bed and walked.

the picture a little higher, you can see it. in your profession, you must persevere.
15. 16.
17.
The The
three feet during the heavy rain.
18. 19.
have been Set the bread aside to Yeast is put in to
by the heavy
rain.
The
I
airplane
the bread. three thousand feet in the
air.
20. 21. 22. 23.
have
at five every
They asked him to The price of oats has
morning for a week. the money.
24.
25.
The farmer The price of They
the price of oats.

oats has been
the salaries of their teachers.
26
THE VERBS, RISE AND

filling the
RAISE
(Continued).
Exercise 27.
blanks with the correct form of the verb Rise or Raise in accordance with the above mentioned
rules.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. 8.
9.
your hand if you wish to speak. sun _____ before I was up. yet? Has your bread begun to I before the sun so I can view its beauty. He has to his present position by hard work. It was impossible to the required amount. more corn because the price had The farmer herself and looked around. She above the Henry the window just as the sun
The
horizon.
10.
11.
He would
The dog The man The sun
late in
order to miss the

his head.
class.
12.
13.
and growled. the weight above

at four thirty,
but the campers had already
their tent flaps.

14.
Why
The
I
don't you
gas in the balloon
it
,
early every
morning?
itself.
15. 16. 17. 18.
made
it
it
a trifle; then
will
and
my hand
to receive the blow.

it.
He
The water
the ladder and climbed to the top of
19.
20. 21. 22.
thick
of
Each
23.
24. 25.
He He
Bread
smoke them and

, ,
continually for three hours. from the volcano.

as his
name was
called.
his hat
above the heads of the people.

it.
the chickens with special care.
but the yeast

to
He
did not
want
wheat
until the price
had
27
THE
The main
difference
VERBS, LIE
AND
LAY.
between these two verbs is that Lie, meaning to rest extended on the ground (or elsewhere), is an intransitive verb which merely expresses action not received by any person or thing whereas Lay, meaning to cause to lie down or to place in position, is a transitive verb which expresses action that is actually received by some person or thing.
;
Principal parts:
LIE, LAY, LYING, LAIN LAY, LAID, LAYING, LAID.

Exercise 28.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the correct form of the verb Lie or Lay in accordance with the above mentioned rules.
1.
They
in the front
room.
it
.
2. 3.
He
She has
I shall
the book on the shelf and there
down
to rest.
4.
5.
my
his hat
pencil on the table.
the baby on the couch.

I
6.
7.
He am
on the
chair.
tired of
in bed.
8. 9.
Where did The dog
he
the book? the bird

it.
10.
11.
12.
13.
May I He He is
Let
it
down beside down and _ here if I my coat on the table? here so he must have it here.
on the
floor
the music on the piano
where he always where it should

it.
____.
14. 15.
where
16.
17. 18.
The The
19.
20. 21.
22. 23.
on the beach. was in the basket. eggs were the Atlantic cable ? there. the cloth on the ground, and let it on your hat? You should not have _____ Was he it on the bed. under the trees where the shadows The children
shell
Who
thickest.
I
on the
floor
while the children
on
my
bed.
The hen
I
24.
They
the egg in the nest. the book on the table before I plans for his coming. have the cloth on the table before you
down.
25.
down
to rest.
28
THE
VERBS, LIE
AND LAY
(Continued).
Exercise 29.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the correct form of the verb Lie or Lay in accordance with the above mentioned rules.
1.
Rover found the child
near the
sea.
2.
My
it
father
the newspaper on the table a
week
ago,
and
has
there ever since.
3.
the book on the table, and

just as
it
there now.
still.
4.
5. 6.
7.
8.
white and The carpenter will the floor tomorrow. not very far distant though The hamlet out of sight. Whole ranks instantly down their rifles. They found several eggs which had been She
left her,
field.
we had
it
was
entirely
in the corn-
9.
You
can
in
bed as long as you wish.
10.
11. 12.
Tom
The
Rob
a long time on the grass. coat had been away for the summer.
had
13.
The
The
stepped on an egg which among the underbrush. before the fireplace by the wood which had cat
14.
15.
16.
been there. boys their fishing poles on the table. She found a note on the table, but she never found it there. out who Do not it there; take it up stairs when you go to
17. 18.
_____ down. by the window and watch the sun rise. You can see where it has though it does
there now.
not
19.
Where
does the difficulty
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
on my back under that old pine. a time have I the Atlantic cable. Cyrus Field in the Northern part of Spain. The Pyrenees mountains down, Rover, and there until I tell you to
Many
move.
Why
did you
it
there ?
Here
is
where
it
should
25.
the baby on the bed
and
down
beside her.
29
THE
VERBS, SIT
AND
SET,
The main difference between these two verbs is that Sit, usually meaning to rest (as, to sit on a chair), is an intransitive verb which merely expresses action not received by any person or thing; whereas Se t, meaning to cause to sit, or to place, is a transitive verb which expresses action that is actually received by some person or
thing.
ample:
In certain exceptional cases Set is used intransitively, for exThe sun sets in the Golden West; the swift current sets in near to the beach cement sets firmly as it dries.
;
Principal parts:
SIT, SAT,
SITTING, SAT
SET, SET, SETTING, SET.

Exercise
rules.
1.
30.
filling the
of the verb Sit or Set in accordance with the above mentioned
2.
3.
The The
the car in motion. sun was slowly cat on the table.
4.
5.
We
Will you
I shall
the table for breakfast.
down and
rest a
while?
6.
7.
8.
9.
here as long as I wish. the alarm for an early hour. I low on her head. The hat He wanted to on the bench.
10. 11. 12.
Helen, you
may
in the
here.
Did you
garage while
it
rained?
the boxes on the shelf.
13.
14. 15.
The mother
bird
We have
The post was The basket was
I
on her eggs. out two maple trees. firmly in the ground.

on our doorstep.
16.
17. 18.
enjoy
in the twilight.
?
Did you
I
19.
20.
notice the order in which the plates were there, do not know how long we had the kettle on the stove. She
30
THE
VERBS, SIT
AND SET
(Continued).
Exercise 31.
rules.
1.
filling the
of the verb Sit or Set in accordance with the above mentioned
You must
I
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
We
good examples for your children. where she can find it. Silas Marner would at his loom for hours at a time. If you by the window, you should close it. I shall _ the basket of eggs on the table. about the fire and talked while the maid
have
the box
the table.
7.
The
gardner has been

in the
out tulip bulbs.
8.
That boy has
9.
10.
11.
Do
I
same seat all through high school. your ink well where it will not be overturned. not at the table which is with those dishes.
in the boat while he
the
sail.
12.
the dishes on the table.
13.
He
I
'
brought the child in the house and
her by the
fire.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
in the house while you have been have been out the cabbage plants. on her nest where you The hen her. I saw where he but did not see you beside him. Did you the table? No, it was already the basket? I saw it Where did you under
the tree.
19.
That rocking
years.
chair has been
in the parlor for fifty
20. 21. 22. 23.

24.
They
upon the same bench that had been reserved lawn

in
for
We
on. the president to the chairs on the out of doors.
summer
for
we
like to
As we
there talking,
we saw
the boy
the water-
pail in the sand.
She
is
the baby on the floor and let her there. hen for she on her eggs.
25.
We
the hen on her eggs, but she did not
want
to
31
REVIEW OF VERBS,
RISE, RAISE, LIE, LAY, SIT,
AND
SET.
Exercise 32.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the correct forms of the above mentioned verbs.
1.
love to
watch the sun
'
in the west.
2.
3.
The
It
I
is
cook
down
the loaf of bread she had just baked.
difficult to see the squirrel as
he
I
so quietly.
in the
4.
5.
always take a cold shower when
morning.
He
The
himself to his full height and rapped on the table.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10. 11. 12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
.
farmers do not seem to be able to enough wheat. there so quietly I thought he was dead. down. I do not feel very well so I am going to down on this chair. I shall not The fallen trees had there for a long time. Kindly your voices so that I can hear you. during the night. The river had After I had down to breakfast. and dressed, I The man the books on the table. He on his elbow but soon had to down again. Cotton and tobacco are in the South. The little hen had her chicks. a dozen eggs and The sun had high in the heavens.
He
19.
We
He
I
under the tree

the*
to rest.
20. 21. 22. 23.
flower pot off the table.
am
going to
ship
at
down.
You
can
on the chair.
John
there and watched the birds.
The The
anchor swinging with the swift current.

fire.
24.
25.
down on
fish
the chair by the

to the surface
and
there motionless.
32
THE VERBS, SHALL AND
WILL.
In expressing a simple statement of events that will happen at some future time use Shall in the first person and Will in the second and third persons, singular or plural. To convey the idea of determination or promise use Will in the first person and Shall in the second and third person. In asking a question use Shall with a subject of the first person and Shall or Will with subjects of the second and third persons, according as you expect Shall or Will in the answer.
To
direct.
express subjection to condition use Shall in all three persons.
In indirect discourse use the same auxiliary though not always the same tense) that you would use if the indirect were made
Exercise 33.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the correct form of the verb Shall or Will in accordance with the above mentioned
rules.
1.
2.
3.
You
He
I
write my letters tomorrow. not leave this room until you answer. thinks he have to go home early.
that I
regret this.
4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
I believe
not hear another he come with us?
word from
the car.
you.
She
come
for
me with
You
They
find the books
where you
if
left
them.
9.
she get the material for

stop for you
in for I
me?
10.
1 1.
She cannot come
you wish to go. not open the door.
12.
13.
He
14.
15. 16. 17.
18.
We
We
19.
20.
attend school this year. to the bridge? visit in the East for a month. I bring Maggie's heavy coat? be late if we do not start at once. I not be able to finish the story tonight. I do not think she ever recover. I continue to look for the material. I am determined that you go.
we walk
33
THE VERBS, SHALL AND WILL

Exercise
rules.
1
(Continued).
34.
filling the
of the verb Shall or Will in accordance with the above mentioned
The
class
see everything as
it is.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10. 11.
Paul said, "I visit my aunt tomorrow." Paul says that he visit his aunt tomorrow. Some of you _____ probably enjoy the party very much. Our teacher read us a new story tomorrow. read us a new story tomorrow. Our teacher says she I be very glad to meet your friend. The boys think they go fishing tomorrow. The boys go fishing tomorrow. deliver an address. Governor Blaine Roy said, "I be very thankful if you do me a
favor."
12.
13.
14.
15. 16. 17.
18.
19.
20.
21. 22. 23.
24.
25.
know if you promise to go with me. they not come until Tuesday. you go to the post office tonight? He says that you not be able to come. you say if he asks you to go? What go even if it rains or snows. Do not delay me. I I wonder if I be invited. we go canoeing? come tomorrow if it does not rain. She He miss the train unless he hurries. miss the train unless I hurry. I miss the train. He thinks he miss the train. He thinks you You pass the examination tomorrow, I am sure.
I
want
to
Maybe
34
THE VERBS, SHALL AND WILL

Exercise 35.
of the verb Shall or
rules.
1.
(Continued).
Rewrite the sentences rilling the blanks with the correct form Will in accordance with the above mentioned
He
She
2.
3. 4.
we
I told
he doesn't study. succeed if she tries. start out in the rain?

fail if
you that
Mary
says she
not go out in the rain for
anyone.
5.
The
6.
7.
8.
9.
We
I
10.
11.
12. 13. 14.
not shine on that day. you promise to come promptly at seven ? I assist you or you do it alone? They say they arrive on the next boat. do our best if you we go if he comes? She go if she is invited.
sun
promise that he
says she
study his lessons.
He
I
Tom says
They
he
come today. come tomorrow.

be here soon,
I think.
15. 16.
17.
18. 19.
We
He I am
I
master this lesson or go regardless of the

feel better
know
rules.
I
the reason
why.
tomorrow
am
see
sure.
determined that he
me when
him.
come.
20. 21.
22.
23.
know
you go
the truth
if it
when
I see
He
I
give thee thy heart's desire.

rains ?
24.
25.
Mary You
go even if I must go alone. not give me my book. be left alone much of the time.
35
THE
The
first
VERBS,
SHOULD AND WOULD.
rules governing
Shall and Will.
To
Should and Would are the same as for express simple futurity Should is used in the
person and Would in the second and third. convey the idea of determination or promise use Would in the first person and Should in the second and third persons. In asking a question use Should with a subject of the first person and Should or Would with subjects of the second and third persons, according as you expect should or would in the answer. To express subjection to condition use Should in all three per-
To
sons.
In indirect discourse use the same auxiliary (though not always

the same tense)
direct.
that you
would use
if
the indirect
were made
Exercise
the verb Should or
rules.
1.
36.
filling the
Would
in
blanks with the correct form of accordance with the above mentioned
I
I
2.
3. 4.
5.
"Mr.
6.
7. 8.
9.
10. 11.
He be hurt. He feared he be injured. He thought his father come. He wondered whether or not I go. He thought I not come. He suspected that John
I I
be able to recite it for you. be pleased to have you come. think she not do it. go," he said. be glad if you Jones pay you if he received his wages today.
12. 13.
14.
15.
16.
do it. was determined that he go. thought he be invited. I supposed I do it whether he wanted me to or not. I like to see an automobile race. I be possible for him to come. He said it
17.
God
18.
19.
He
I
regret those gifts. forbid that I break. sighed as if his heart it be possible for you to come?
20.
think they
have known better.
36
THE
VERBS,
SHOULD AND WOULD

Exercise 37.
(Continued).

the verb Should or
rules.
1.
filling the
Would
in
blanks with the correct form of accordance with the above mentioned
2.
3.
It
is
We
He
If I
4.
5.
not do that if I were you. only right that you go. like to have you come. have tried more earnestly
I
if
you had helped.

sure.
6.
7.
had known, Mr. Smith

asked
have gone.
do
I
this for you, I
am
8. 9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
be glad to hear from you. ask me. not go even if they laugh at the story, I know. You not go? Did he say that I I was determined that I go. it not be a pleasure to make a new picture book? Though he increased my salary, I not remain in his employ.
I
He He
me
if
go.
15.
16.
17.
We We
I
I I
like to
know
if
you are coming soon.
like to ride
one hour more.

be elected by a small majority.
the price of those books.
like to see the original copy.
18.
They thought
he
19.
like to
know
20. 21. 22.
promised her I help her. like an appointment at once. She thought she be hurt.
23. 24.
25.
I
you give
me
a discount
I
if
if
I
if I
am
bored more than
be
be disappointed
he
order the books? had not had a headache. ccme without letting me
know.
37
REVIEW OF THE VERBS, SHALL, WILL, SHOULD, AND WOULD.

Exercise 38.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the correct forms of the above mentioned verbs.
1.
2.
3.
The
I
come. She says that you sun be turned to darkness.

take the data
when
the time comes.
4.
5.
You
I
obey instructions.
6.
7.
8. 9.
10.
1 1
12. 13. 14. 15.
16.
he observe the progress of the work? go immediately, I promise you. Go and see if he do it. proceed in spite of the weather. he follow instructions, do you think? you do as I say? not go ? How often do I have to say that you They not be allowed to come. do as I command"? Why did you say, "He we have our picnic? Where never forget what you have done for They declare they them. you tell him that I ______ If you write to Moore,
_____
We
answer
17. 18. 19.
I
20. 21.
22. 23.
24.
25.
not see her again. cannot imagine. help me. I fear I be hurt as nobody be punished if I disobey. I regret it. If you mistreat him, you be glad to see you if you come. I be glad. help me, I If you not permit it. not go we He I take it? you keep the book or
his letter soon. take care that you

live, I
How we
38
THE
The
means
verb
to be able
VERBS,
to
CAN OR MAY.
know how.
Can means
be aple or to
May
also
but expresses possibility or asks permission. It is, therefore, always used for the sake of politeness to soften a question or answer.
Exercise
filling the
39.
Can
1.
or
May
in accordance
I
blanks with the form of the verb with the above mentioned rules.
Teacher!
Yes.
leave the
room?
solve this
2.
3.
You
problem?
Do
I
you think that you
4.
5.
swim
I
as fast as
borrow
go
brother, John. your book for a little while?

this afternoon, I
my
6.
If I
down town
buy the
I
book.
7.
hope that you

soon.
be able to go so that
have
it
8.
9.
10.
1 1
.
12. 13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
I come over to talk with you this afternoon? No. You not. I am going down town. You come tomorrow if you would like to. I row a boat and paddle a canoe. I ask you a question ? I have your book? How far did they say that you go with me? you open that window? Mother says you I ride your pony if I go? ride him or not. I don't know whether you
I shut the
window?
19.
How many
I
20.
see?
you see? look through the telescope to see

planets
how many
21. 22. 23. 24.

25.
How
You
We
Do
we expect to hear from you? not possibly hear from me before Monday. they get there tomorrow? shall go if we you think you go if I meet you?
soon
39
AGREEMENT OF
A
1.
VERBS.
verb agrees with
its
subject in
When
the subject consists of
and, the verb must be plural. 2. verb when we think of the group as a whole but a plural verb when we think of the individual members of the group. 3. When the subject contains two or more nouns connected by or and nor, the verb usually takes the person and number of the noun nearest it. 4. If two subjects express one idea or name the same person, the verb is singular. 5. Nouns modified by the adjectives each, every, either, neither, no, take singular verbs. 6. The indefinite pronouns each, either, neither, anybody, everybody, one, someone, etc., take singular verbs.
number and person. two or more nouns joined by A collective noun takes a singular
Exercise 40.
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the correct form of the verb Be (am, is, or are) in accordance with the above mentioned rules.
1
Either you or
to go.
2.
3.
You
or Harry mistaken. Either the President or the people
to blame.
4.
5.
Which of these two magazines The condition of these buildings

Neither the boy nor his
sister
better?
6.
7.
very bad. very industrious.
Each
of the pupils
8.
Neither you nor he
very kind to me. prepared.

tires,
9.
The
automobile, including the extra
for sale.
here.
10. 11. 12.
Grandfather, with cousin Charles and Henry,
A number of Frenchmen
The number The The The You
of Italians
present.
larger than the
number
of
13.
14.
Frenchmen. Half the sheep

jury jury jury or he or
I
gone.
dismissed.
15. 16. 17.
unable to agree. arguing with each other.

I
going.
18. 19.
John or
appointed.
20.
Mary or you One or two pages
chosen secretary.
missing.
40
AGREEMENT OF VERBS
A
verb agrees with
its
(Continued).
number and person. 1. When the subject consists of two or more nouns joined by and, the verb must be plural. 2. A collective noun takes a singular verb when we think of the group as a whole but a plural verb when we think of the individual members of the group. 3. When the subject contains two or more nouns connected by or and nor, the verb usually takes the person and number of the noun nearest it. 4. If two subjects express one idea or name the same person, the verb is singular. 5. Nouns modified by the adjectives each, every,
subject in
either, neither, no, take singular verbs.
6.
The
indefinite
pronouns
each, either, neither, anybody, everybody, one, someone, etc., take
singular verbs.
Exercise 41.
the verb
Rewrite the sentences filling the blanks with the correct form of Be (am, is, or are) in accordance with the above men-
tioned rules.
1.
The
flock of sheep over there
minded only by a dog.

to be selected.
2.
3.
John and you

Neither that
invited to the dance this evening.
man
nor any of the others

to to
I
4.
5.
Each student
All the girls
walk up the aisle to receive a present. march over to the other classroom.
going.
6.
7.
John or Henry or
Not one
of the conspirators
suspected.
8.
Everyone present
in favor of the
amendment.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13. 14.
worthy of the position. Neither of those men Either of them satisfactory. Athletics in our school very popular. one of the wealthiest countries in The United States the world.
Oats There There
Is
it he or I Frank, who
sowed early
five
in the spring.
15. 16.
boys in the class. only one pupil absent today.
who
wrong?
a farmer,
is
17.
18.
19.
not so old as
I,
who
coming?
a lawyer. Is it only the king or the king and queen going. It is either they or he who
It
is
who
20.
either they or I
who
41
mistaken.
AGREEMENT OF VERBS
Exercise 42.
(Continued).
Rewrite the sentences underlining the correct form of the following verbs in parentheses in accordance with the above mentioned rules.
1.
vast
army
of
American
(is,
soldiers (were,
was) raised quickly.
2.
3. 4.
5.
Members
of this club
are) asked to contribute.
6.
7.
Either he or the other man (has, have) to leave at once. Neither the girls nor Mrs. Jones (knows, know) who he is. simple country doctor but the truest of friends (was, were) our neighbor, Mr. Smith. Every one of you boys (has, have) lessons to perform. house is one of those that (overlooks, overlook) the val-
My
He
ley.
8.
is
one of the best architects that (has, have) ever gradu-
ated.
9.
10.
11.
Every one of the men (likes, like) to play golf. (Has, have) each of you determined to go? The distinction between "political" and "economic" often
(seems, seem) confusing.
12.
Only
few
dollars of the
whole
collection (goes, go) to pay
the expenses.
13.
The
magician's performance with balls, cards, and live animals

of the reasons for his actions (seems, seem) convincing to
(looks, look) miraculous to the audience.

14.
One
The
me.
15.
16.
17.
18.
pronounciation of foreign languages at first (puzzles, puzzle) students. His proficiency in languages, literature, and th? fine arts (proves, prove) him to be a man of culture. The manner in which he uses his tools (shows, show) him to be a good carpenter. Every morning at seven the officer with his men (comes,
19.
come) riding by. Each of the men (expects, expect)

tion.
to receive special considera-
20.
Neither Algebra nor Latin

school.
(seems, seem)
popular at
this
42
IRREGULAR VERBS.
The
its
principal parts of the irregular verbs are printed elsewhere
in this book.
subject in
fill
to
have just studied the agreement of the verb with so that it should not be difficult out the following exercise.
You
number and person
Exercise 43.
the verbs indicated.
1.
filling the
Who
(do)
the
work?
it.
2.
3.
My
The
mother (begin)
tree has (take)
letter
root in
my
garden.
4.
5.
Your
was (write)
plainly.
6.
7.
The child may (break) Have you (hang)

I
your pen.
the clothes on the line?
to the park with father.
could have (ride)

the forehead.
8.
David (throw)
I I
the stone and (smite)
Goliath on
9.
have (drive)
(begin)
10.
to think
the car one thousand miles. you were going to disappoint us.
11. 12.
13.
The rug was (weave) in Paris. The murderer was sentenced to be (hang)
I'll
(teach, or learn)
to speak English
if
you can (teach

the slaughter-
or learn)
14.
me.
The
cattle
were (drive)
five miles to
house.
15. 16.
She has (wear)
(Can
or
may)
her new dress. help you to put on your coat?
(dive) to the bottom several times. in this world by mere chance. do not (rise) over. 19. The river was almost (freeze) off by the wind. 20. The apples were (shake) no harm. 21. The medicine (do) her pick up the apples. 22. I (see) his father. 23. The boy (know) there an hour before the (be) doctor 24. (come) (throw) his line into the river 25. As soon as he he (catch) a fish.
17.
18.
My brother
Men
We
43
IRREGULAR VERBS
The
its
(Continued).
principal parts of the irregular verbs are printed elsewhere
in this book.
You
subject in
fill
number and person
have just studied the agreement of the verb with so that it should not be difficult
to
out the following exercise.
Exercise 44.
the verbs indicated.
1.
filling the
He
The
(blow)
soldier
his
new
horn.
his sabre
2. 3. 4.
5.
(draw)
from
its
scabbard.
He
(give)
his life for us.
The men had (take) their bathing suits with them. Although he had been gone ten years, we (know)_ him.
6.
We
(see)
hill.
the nest of the robin as
we
(climb)
the sheep to
six.
the
7.
When
The
Robert (come)
they (drive)
8.
the pasture. He (begin)

sheriff
9.
to study music at the age of followed the robbers and (see)
them enter
the cave.
10. 11.
Have you (eat) The man, who was

into custody.
your breakfast? disturbing the game,
was (take)
12. 13. 14.

15. 16.
Have you
I
(drink)
any of the cider yet?

a glassful.
to prepare dinner at eleven o'clock.
have (drink)
(begin)
(give)
We
17.
18.
What have I You (give) He has (sing)
you?
five dollars.
me
the same song.

his flag
Mr. Smith (hang)

Henry's salary was (raise)
from the balcony.
19.
ten dollars.
20.
21.
The ice was (freeze) Have you (write)
three inches thick in the bucket.

to your
mother?
22. 23.
24. 25.
He
I
can (run)
The man was

(see)
a mile. for his crime. (hang) into the saddle and the officer (spring)
gallop away.
How
long have you (know)____
him?
44
ADJECTIVE OR ADVERBIAL MODIFIERS.

If the word modifies a verb, adjective, or an adverb, use the adverbial form (usually distinguished by the termination -/v), but
if it
modifies a noun or a pronoun use the adjective form.
Exercise 45.
Rewrite the sentences underlining the correct form of the word
in parentheses.
1.
She looks so (sweet, sweetly).

I feel
2.
3.
(bad, badly).
He
looks (good, well).
4.
5.
The The
apple tastes (sweet, sweetly).

it.
6.
7.
He
teachers feels (bad, badly) about speaks (proper, properly).
8.
The girls looked (pretty, prettily). The water runs (rapid, rapidly).
She sang (good, well).
9.
10.
11. 12.
They
lived very (happy, happily) together.
13.
14.
15. 16.
17.
18.
19.
20. 21. 22. 23. 24.
(good, well) she can play! (distinct, distinctly) he speaks! Do not walk so (slow, slowly). The moon shines (bright, brightly) this evening. The song of the birds sound (sweet, sweetly) today. She looks (beautiful, beautifully) in her new dress. The flowers smell (sweet, sweetly) after the rain. Isn't she dressed (pretty, prettily) ? I feel (real, really) (good, well) this morning. Go (quick, quickly) and get it for me. Speak (loud and distinct, loudly and distinctly) if you wish
How How
them
to hear.
The The
25.
house was decorated (beautiful, beautifully). bullet sped (swift, swiftly) to its mark. She looks so (neat, neatly) in her new suit. He walks too (rapid, rapidly) for me.
45
TO, TOO,
To
Too
is
;
OR TWO.
toward
a preposition indicating approach and arrival; movement motion or tendency without arrival.
is
an adverb meaning over, more than enough, an adjective meaning two units or objects.
also,
in
addition.
Two
is
Exercise 46.
Rewrite the sentences (To, Too, or Two).
1
filling the
At
o'clock I
want
go
questions.
down town.
study.
2.
3.
There were
days more
is
many
all I
have in which
like
4.
5. 6. 7.
That Here
I I
I
is
short a time in
glasses of
are
which children who would

milk
is
review
go.
it.
much
by
.
give him.
.
8. 9.
want want
to be at the store
minutes
see him.
it
four.
be there
late
arrived
is is
is
10. 11.
I got there
12. 13.
o'clock, but by an adjective. an adverb.
was
late.
a preposition.
14.
15. 16. 17.
18.
He went
wanted We were
I
town.
much
days
for
it.
late.
19.
He He He
went
paid
to the store.
much
for his whistle.
thought thought so
try
miles
was
far
walk, and
is
20.
do
us.
things at once
dollars
much
it
for
most of
21.
He
You
gave
me
him.
far
much
go in
so I gave
back
22. 23. 24.

25.
That was
gave
days.
me
tried
dollars
much.
He went
men
Boston
do the work.
46
THE
ing;
VERB, COME.
following principal parts:
The verb Come has the Came (past) Come

;
Come; Com-
(past participle).
Exercise 47.
of the verb
1.
filling the
Come.
late to school this
2.
3.
Why
I
have you not

to
morning. sooner?
as fast as I could.
4.
5.
Do
I
you have
very far ?
early.
a long distance every morning.
6.
7.
The
I
other children
home
late last night.
8.
9.
This boy
10. 11.
12. 13. 14.
15. 16.
He He He
A
I
from a far-ofl country. here today to tell you a story about his native land. from Russia only a short time ago. has to the United States to live. strange woman to the house yesterday.
right
saw her
up
to the
?
She
door and knocked.
Why
I
did she
17.
18.
19.
20. 21. 22. 23.

24. 25.
back since. do not know. She has not to ask you for money. She probably for that, I am sure. She did not Tell me if she ever _____ again. If she back again, I shall be frightened.
John He had not
to school yesterday.
for a long while because he

to school today?
this
was
sick.
Has he
Yes. He He has
morning.
to school dressed in a
new
suit.
47
THE
The The
Did
verb
;
VERB, DO,
pupil should never say or write "I done it" for "I did it," or "I have did it" for "I have done it."
Do
(past)
Done
has the following principal parts: (past participle).
Do; Doing;
Exercise 48.
<

the verb
1.
filling the
Do.
all
I
I
the problems in an hour.
2.
3.
have
shall
them
correctly, too.
What
I
4.
5.
Has he
this afternoon? not go to the theatre last Saturday. the work as I told him?
it
we
6.
7.
He
She has
8.
They
I
an hour ago. the baking in that old stove. more than their share last night.
they
that easily.
so
9.
don't see
how
much.
10.
11.
12. 13.
14. 15.
He He He
I I
can
will have to
it all
Have you
it where I can watch him. by himself only a few days ago. any fishing this year?
a little fishing last
summer.
16.
You
to
not hear you ask the question. so many other things last
week
that you forgot
what
the
told
you
to
17. 18.
have She
I
everything that you told
me
to
work
last
19.
How
I
I I
20.
21.
22.
23.
you by means of algebra. it that way, should have not encourage his
it
Sunday. this example?

too.
it.
Has he
ever
24.
25.
He He
anything like it before? something of the sort a year ago. the very thing I told him not to
48
THE
The verb, See, Saw (past) Seen
;
VERB, SEE.
saw
it"
The pupil should never say or write "I seen it" for "I or "I have saw it" for "I have seen it."
has the following principal parts: See; Seeing; (past participle).
Exercise 49.
of the verb See.
1
filling the
that you are wearing a
new
?
dress today.
2.
3.
Did you
him throw
the strange
the ball
He He
never
man
yesterday.
4.
5.
She has that picture many times. I do not think that they have it.
that the child
6.
7.
would be struck by
the
8.
9.
The gentleman has not None so blind as those that

I
new
the automobile. automobile.

.
10.
Now we
I
will not such a beautiful thing. shall if he has spoken the truth.
I
11.
12. 13. 14.
hope that
I
may
Have you
Yes.
I
you tomorrow. him anywhere? him in the office.

ago.
15.
16.
He
him when he did it. Mr. Jones a week

have
We
I I
the book already.
17.
18. 19.
a beautiful house before me. something about it in the newspaper last night. it, John? it, too. Have you
I
20.
No.
I
did not
it.
21. 22.
you me.
have
I
last
Wednesday
at the party,
but you did not
you somewhere before.

don't believe you ever
23. 24.
No.
I
me
I
before.
your
brother.
sister
an hour ago, but
have not
your
49
THE
The
have gone."
VERB, GO.
went"
for "1
pupil should never say or write "I have
The verb, Go, has the Went (past) Gone (past

;
following principal parts:

participle).
Go; Going;
Exercise
of the verb
1.
50.
Go
blanks with the correct form in accordance with the above mentioned rules.
filling the
down town
said they
yesterday.
2.
3.
Did you
to the grocery store
Mary
4.
5.
I believe
He
I
must have they must have to the mountains
today? an hour ago.
to the theater. for a
much needed
?
rest.
6.
7.
Will he be
for a long time

to the mountains, too.
am
8. 9.
John has already

I
to the railroad station.
thought that he
on the 9 o'clock
to
train.
10. 11.
No.
He
has
town every day on
the 8 o'clock train.
I shall
12.
13.
Mary
I
on that train tomorrow. home.

to school.
to the theater last night.
14.
15.
They have
16.
17.
18.
19.
you think that she skating? No. She in the direction of the library. I think she has to borrow a new book. Will you not to the picnic with me?
I
Do
20.
21.
Harry
I
did not like the one I is to be there.
to last year.
thought he had
has
away
few
for a week.
days,
22.
23.
He
for only a
and will be back for

the lake.
it.
24.
Tell him they have out. They took their skates and
down towards
50
FOR ORAL DRILL IN THE CORRECT USE OF

ENGLISH.
Exercise 51.
Each
pupil should take one sentence and correct
it
orally.
The
rule determining the choice of the
word should
also be given.
Write
1.
The
boy's
mother has (written, wrote) an excuse for him.
2.
3.
The book was
4.
5.
She (wrote, write) that he has been sick in bed. (written, wrote) by Woodrow Wilson. He (write, writes) about his experiences. The pupils have (wrote, written) all their exercises.
Take
6.
7. 8.
9.
10.
have (taken, took) the examination. said he had not (took, taken) the medicine. What medicine did you (take, took) for your cold? I (took, take) the same medicine that John (took, take). The thief has (took, taken) the jewels and run away.
I
Sam
Sing
11.
12. 13.
should like to know if Mr. Jones has (sung, sang). Yes, Mr. Jones (sung, sang) the "Song of India." They told me in the other room that he had not (sung, sang)
I
yet.
14.
15.
The The
bird (sung, sang) cheerily from the tree top. children (sung, sang) that song very well. I could not
little
have (sung, sang)
it
any better myself.
Break
16.
17. 18. 19.
The
little girl
has (broke, broken) her doll.

in health.
There stood an old man (broke, broken)
20.
The boy had his leg (broken, broke). You have (broke, broken) the bottle. The little box has been (broke, broken)
Drink
into
many
pieces.
21.
22. 23. 24.
He
Every day
always spoke freely when he had (drunk, drank) freely. I (drank, drunk) a glass of milk to keep healthy. Has he (drunk, drank) alLthe water yet? No. But he (drank, drunk) most of it.
51

ENGLISH.
Exercise 52.
Each pupil should take one sentence and correct same time giving the rule determining his choice.
it
orally, at the
Run
1.
(run, ran)
down
the street and picked
up the
ball,
2.
3.
Why
I
do you (run, ran) so fast? have (run, ran) quickly in order

all the
to be the first to tell you.
4.
5.
John (run, ran)
way
to school this
You
have (run, ran) too
fast.
You
morning. should not (run, ran)
so fast.
Give
6.
7.
8. 9.
She (gave, give) it to me to (give, gave) to you. She should not have (given, gave) me this present. I (give, gives) the apple to Harry. He (give, gives)
it
to
me.
The
10.
teacher has (gave, given) me a book. I (gave, give) that pen to him yesterday.
Begin
11.
12.
13. 14.
15.
(began, begun) the work a week ago. I have (began, begun) to read that new novel. They (begun, began) to run faster. mother has (begun, began) to mend my coat. I begin to understand why you (began, begun) first.
I
My
Ring
16.
17.
I
(rang, rung) the bell for order.

bell has (rang, rung).
The
We must
keep quiet.
18. 19.
When
Have
I
the bell (rung, rang)
we went home.
If the bells
do not (ring, rang), will you (ring, rang) them.
20.
the bells (rang, rung) yet?
Bring
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
(brought, bring) my lunch to school today. I (brought, bring) mine, too. Have you (brought, bring) your books today? Santa Claus (brought, bring) him some pretty presents. He has not (brought, bring) any books to school today.
52

ENGLISH.
Exercise 53.
at the
Each pupil should take one sentence and correct it same time giving the rule determining his
orally in class,
choice.
Has Gone, Went

1.
2.
3.
You should have The man (went,
Why
4.
5.
(went, gone) right home. has went) past here an hour ago. have you (went, gone) in swimming? Has he (went, gone) to bed at this early hour? I have (went, gone) down town and have returned.
Them
6.
I
or
Their
(them, their)
failing in their
dislike
to be the cause of
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
examinations. The children had better pick up (them, their) things now. I never imagined (their, them) doing anything else. Can you let me have (them, those) pictures today? Put (them, those) things in the automobile. Than or From after Different This animal is quite different (than, from) that one. It is different (from, than) what I expected. These flowers are different (than, from) those. This book is different (than, from) that one. Don't you think that this girl is a good deal different (than, from) her friend?
Its or It's
I left you. bird seemed to love (it's, its) young. I think (it's, its) a very exciting game.
(It's, its)
16.
been a long time since
17.
18.
The
19.
The
tree spread
20.
(It's, its) is
(it's, its) leafy branches across the road. the possessive form of the pronoun it.
As
21.
or hike
Did you do
(like, as)
I told
you?
22. 23. 24. 25.
He
Of
Why
looks just (like, as) his father did. don't you do (as, like) she does?
I did not
course the
imagine you would do anything (as, like) that. woman must have been insane to act (like, as)
she did.
53

ENGLISH.
Exercise 54.
at the
Each pupil should take one sentence and correct it same time giving the rule determining his
orally in class,
choice.
Wear
1.
2.
3.
The You
4.
5.
(wore, worn) that dress to every dance. (hadn't ought, ought not) to have (wore, worn) it. I have (wore, worn) this ring for many years. Sailors have always (wore, worn) the same style of hat. He (wore, worn) that same suit yesterday.
girl has
Tear
6.
7.
You
have
(tore, torn)
your dress on that
nail.
8. 9.
10.
has carelessly (tore, torn) the book. The rugs have been (all) (tore, torn) (up) by that dog. She (tore, torn) the letter into small pieces. The machine has (tore, torn) a piece out of his coat.
He
Freeze
11.
The water
The water
pipe
is
(all froze up, frozen).
12.
13.
Is the lake (froze up, frozen) ?
(froze, frozen)
in
my
radiator yesterday.
14.
15.
My
The
fingers are nearly (froze off, frozen).
lake has (froze over, frozen) during the night.
Throw
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
has (thrown, throwed) the ball. (threw, throwed) it? The ball was (throwed, thrown) very quickly. He (throwed, threw) me the ball. Somebody has (thrown, throwed) the ball to him.
The man
Who
What
21.
or
That
This
I
is
the boat (what, that) I purchased.
22.
23.
The answer
24.
25.
(what, that) you got, is right. have a book (what, that) has no cover. It is the same picture (what, that) I was describing to you. (What, which) is the matter over there?
54

ENGLISH,
Exercise
55.
Each pupil should take one sentence and correct it at the same time giving the rule determining his
orally in class,
choice.
Adverb or Adjective
1.
2. 3. 4.
5.
(good, well). badly) about it. (Sure, surely) you can do it if you try. She looks very (pretty, prettily) in her new dress. They lived very (happy, happily) together.
did his
He
work
She
feels (bad,
Among
6.
7.
or
Between
There was an agreement (among, between) the four firms. The prize money was divided equally (between, among) them.
I
8.
hope that there

is
is
an honest
man (among, between)
them.
9.
That matter
a secret (among, between) ourselves.
10.
A
I I I I
man
stepped (between,
among) (him, he) and

Scarcely
(her, she).
Not
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
can not (scarcely) understand how he could do it. do not (scarcely) dare to think it was (she, her). have not (scarcely) had a wink of sleep all night long. have not (scarcely) learned how to run an automobile yet. can not (scarcely) believe what I see.
Double Negative.
16.
17. 18.
19.
20.
I can't see it (nowhere, anywhere). He doesn't want (nothing, anything). She (ain't got, has) no book. He (don't, does not) want to do (nothing, anything). She never gave me (no, any) pencil.
From
21. 22.
23.
or Off.
24. 25.
book (off, from) you? No. You may not borrow anything (off, from) me. He got a transfer (off, from) the conductor. I got it (off, from) the teacher. Try (and, to) get the lesson (off, from) him.
I
Can
borrow
55

ENGLISH.
Exercise 56. Each pupil should take one sentence and correct it at the same time giving the rule determining his
orally in class,
choice.
Any
1.
or
Any
Other.
(any, any other
The
birds of Brazil are
more beautiful than
birds) in South America.

2.
3.
Science
is
the most interesting of (all, all other) studies.
4.
5.
The lion is the most ferocious of (all other, all) animals. Our strawberry jam is better than (any, any other) jam. The climate of Miami, Florida, is said to be the most delightful of (any,
any other) town on the Atlantic
coast.
Was
6. 7. I
or Were.
8.
9.
10.
(was, were) at home. were) you, I should go. I wish I (was, were) sure which is correct. If I (were, was) King, I should do many kind things. I wish I (was, were) going.
wish
If I (was,
Comparative or Superlative.
11.
He was
Which
John
is
12. 13.
14. 15.
the (wealthier, wealthiest) man of the two. country has the (greater, greatest) population?
?
the (tallest, taller) of the two. of all these men is the (older, oldest) This dress is the (prettiest, prettier) of the two.
Which one
Nominative or Objective.
16. 17. 18.
All have gone but you and (me, I).
You
Do
19.
20.
are as old as (she, her). not let anything come between you and (he, him). I do not think that you look like (he, him). It is difficult to pick out the correct use of (he, him).
21.
If I (had,
If I
If I If I
22. 23. 24.

25.
If I
Had or Had Have. had have) known it, I should have gone. (had have, had) seen you, I should have told her. (had have, had) done it, I should have said so. (had have, had) told him, he would have done it. (had have, had) written you, would you have come?
56

ENGLISH.
Exercise
at
57.
in class,
Each pupil should take one sentence and correct it orally the same time giving the rule determining his choice.
Most
1.
or Almost,
all of his pictures
This
is
the
room
in
which (most, almost)
are hung.
2.
3.
I believe that
I
we
are (most, almost) there.
go to
my
uncle's house (most, almost) every day.
4.
5.
A
I
selfish man does (most, almost) as he pleases. think that you have given him (most, almost) enough.
6.
7. 8.
Double Nominative. Mother (she) told me to go down town. That boy (he) told me to give this book
to you.
My
sister
(she)
wanted me
to stay at
home
today.
to prepare.
is.
9.
10.
The teacher (she) gave us a very long lesson The man (he) asked me where the City Hall
Ought,
Had
Ought.
11.
12. 13. 14.
15.
(had) ought to leave this house at once. (hadn't ought) (ought not) to have done it. They (had) ought to go now if they want to catch the train. You (had) ought to go see the doctor about it. I (hadn't ought) (ought not) to do it.
I
You
Let or
16. 17.
18.
19.
Let's.
at the
(Let, let's) you and (I, (Let, let's) you and (I,
(Let's, let)
(Let's, let) (Let's, let,
(us,
me) look me) go.
new
house.
we) go
to the theater this evening.
20.
you and (me, I) play this game. (us, we) run over to the store.
Agreement
I intended to (go,
I I I
of Tenses.
have gone) last week. intended to (have told, tell) you long ago. had hoped to (have called, call) for you. should have liked to (do, have done) it. intended to (have given, give) you several problems.
57

ENGLISH.
Exercise
at the
58.
it
Each pupil should take one sentence and correct same time giving the rule determining his
Ain't,
I (ain't,
orally in class,
choice.
1.
2.
3.
We
He
4.
5.
not) going to the city today. (Ain't you, are you not) coming with us to the picnic? (ain't, are not) doing (nothing, anything) this afternoon. (Ain't they, are they) going to play baseball here?
(ain't,
is
am
not) going to
Try And
6.
or
swim this morning. Try To.
(and, to) do this difficult problem for me. wish you would try (and, to) do this work for me. 8. Will you please try (and, to) find the book I lost? 9. Please come here and try (and, to) help me finish drawing. 10. Why do you not try (and, to) get that position?
7.
I
Try
this
Singular or Plural Adjective

11. 12.
13.
With "Kind."
(pictures, picture) ?
do not want (those, that) kind Do you like (this, these) kind of
I
of flowers.
14.
15.
(Those, that) kind of people should be excluded. (This, these) sort of deer are only found in Asia. (That, those) sort of men (are, is) to be avoided.
16.
17.
What
We
18.
19.
20.
Have or Have Got. have you (got) in that bag? have (got) a very good football team. Have they (got) any newspapers in that store? She has (got) her new hat on today. What has he (got) in his coat pocket?
I will (learn, teach)
Learn or Teach. you not to do that any more. 22. Your mother should (teach, learn) you to do better than
21.
that.
23.
24.
25.
The Mr.
professor (taught, learned) him how to do the problem. Jones ought to (learn, teach) you about the functions
(learn, teach) about
of the heart.
Don't you
geography in school?
58

ENGLISH.
Exercise
59.
it
Each
orally.
The
word should
also be given.
Double Negative.
1.
I haven't (any,
2.
3.
4.
5.
none) of (that, those) kind. She hasn't (none, any) either. You haven't (none, any) of those pencils. Have you (none, any) at all? No. I have (any, none).
6.
7.
8.
Double Negative. want (none, any) like that. Don't you want (none, any) ? He doesn't want (none, any) of those
I
don't
apples.
9.
10.
Haven't you (none, any) of those books? She doesn't want (any, none) of that.
Ain't.
11.
12.
(ain't,
am
not) going to
town
today.
doing anything now. 13. (Ain't you, are you not) going to the theater tonight? 14. (You're not, you ain't) going to tell the teacher, are you? 15. Mary (isn't, ain't) going to sing this evening.
(isn't, ain't)
He
Nominative or Objective.
16. 17.
18. 19.
Is
it
(she, her) ?
It
No.
It It
(Isn't, ain't it)
20.
him) (who, whom) I spoke to you about. him) that I met yesterday. was (me, I) that wrote on the blackboard. wasn't (me, I) who threw the ball.
was
(he,
(he,
21.
22. 23.
24. 25.
Were or Was. (Were, was) you going down town? If I (was, were) you, I would do it. I am sorry that I (was, were) out when you called. Where (were, was) you this afternoon? I saw you when you (were, was) driving your automobile.
59

ENGLISH.
Exercise 60.
Each
it
orally
by
using the correct form of the verb indicated. The rule determining the choice of the word should also be given.
Eat.
1.
(eat)
2.
3.
What
I
breakfast at eight o'clock this morning. did you (eat) for breakfast?
my
4.
5.
What
I
have already (eat) have you (eat)

(eat)
my
dinner.
for dinner?
roast beef with plenty of fresh vegetables.

See.
6.
7.
I I
(see)
your uncle yesterday.

(see)
had not
(see)
8.
him for a long time. Douglas Fairbanks yesterday.
9.
Have you
Yes.
I
(see)
Mary?
her this afternoon.
10.
(see)
Do.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
the very best I could. (do) it. The other children have (do) all my lessons last night. I (do) better with the examination? have you not (do) all the work I knew how to do. I (do)
I
!
,
Why
Blow.
16. 17.
The wind
18.
19.
20.
the roof off the barn last night. (blow) with great force. It must have (blow) out the match, After lighting his cigarette he (blow) out the fire? Has the wind (blow) soap bubbles into the air. The child (blow)
Begin.
21. 22. 23.
24.
Have you
(begin)
to
do that work yet?
He
How
25.
yesterday. (begin) to study her lessons. She has (begin) ? long ago did you (begin) to read that book a week ago. She (begin)
60

ENGLISH.
Exercise 61.
Each pupil should take one

it
of the following sentences and correct
orally by using the correct
form of the verb indicated.

Fly.
The
rule
determining the choice of the word should also be given.

1.
Last month York.

I I I
this airplane
(fly)
from Chicago
to
to
New
2. 3. 4.
5.
It has also (fly)
from
it
New York
(fly)
San Francisco.
am
surprised to hear that
so far.
think all the birds have (fly) saw the bird as it (fly)
the ball.
I
south for the winter.

to
its
nest.
6.
7.
Throw me
The man
Catch. will (catch)
it.
8.
That policeman (catch) Has he ever (catch)
two
thieves yesterdty.
9.
10.
any before? ran and (catch) it. I think that they have already (catch)
it.
Draw.
11.
The boy
12.
13.
14. 15.
has (draw) a funny picture on the blackboard. very well. I think that he (draw) He (draw) a better picture yesterday. a picture like that one over there? Has he ever (draw) No. But he (draw) a picture like this one last week.
16.
17. 18. 19.
Give. the little boy ten cents. Last week he (give) the boy anything this week ? Has he (give)_
I (give)
The
the book to teacher has (give)
him
yesterday.
me good
(give)
20.
It has been a long time since I
advice in the matter. that to you.
Hurt.
21. 22.
23.
24. 25.
himself? (hurt) I do not believe that he was (hurt) An automobile knocked him down and (hurt) M his leg. I am sorry to hear that he has (hurt) his leg. seriously. He was not (hurt)
Has he
61

ENGLISH.
Exercise 62.

rect
it
of the following sentences
and cor-
form
of the verb indicated.

also be given.
The
word should
Swim.
1.
How
fast
have you ever (swim)

I
2.
3.
Last summer
4.
5.
(swim) Do you like to (swim) I have never (swim) My brother (swim)
fifty
?
yards in thirty seconds.
very far. a mile last year.
Come.
6.
The man (come)

papers.
into the
room and looked
for the
7. 8.
9.
10.
back again? (come) last night but I did not see him. Why do you think he (come) ? to ask for the money. He has (come)
Has he (come)
He
Steal. 11.
I
saw the boy

(steal)
(steal)
it
the money.
12.
13.
14.
He He
yesterday.
15.
has he (steal )_____ the money? it. has been arrested for (steal) The things were (steal) last night.
.
Why
Drown.
16.
The boy had (swim)

(
out into the deep water and had could reach him. but could not aid him.
drown )
17. 18. 19.
He
I
20.
before help (drown) saw him as he (drown) He fell through the ice and was Do not swim out into the deep
(drown) water or you may (drown).

night in the car.
Ride.
21. 22.
I
(ride)
down town
ever (ride)
last
Have you
in a
Ford?
in one last summer. 23. I (ride) that horse a great deal. 24. She has (ride) over many rough roads last week. 25. She (ride)
:
62

ENGLISH.
Exercise 63.
Each pupil should take one sentence and correct it orally. The rule determining the choice of the word should also be given.
In or Into.
1.
He
put his hand
(in, into) his pocket.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The teacher walked (in, The boy dove (in, into) The man lives (in, into)
into) the
room
at that
moment.
the water.
Chicago.
(in, into) the
of.
She had no money to put in
box.
Behind or In Back
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
back of) me. back of) me. The barn stood just (back of, in back of) the big house. Why do you want to sit (behind, in back of) me?
Mary stood (behind, in back of) me. The tall boy stood just (back of, in
John
sat (behind, in
At
11. 12.
13.
the
Back Of
or In
Back Of.
Please sit (at the back of, in back of) the room. John stood (in front of, at the front of) the room. William did not like to stand (at the back of, in back of) the
room.
14.
Why
I
are you sitting (at the back of, in back of) the
told to
sit
room?
15.
was
(in the
back
of, at
the back of) the room.
A
16.
or
An.
(a,
Give me
(a,
an) apple.
17.
18.
19.
20.
(A, An) adjective is usually used with (a, an) noun or an) pronoun to limit or define it. (A, An) eye for (an, a) eye was the ancient law. He saw (an, a) Indian not far away. (A, An) old man came limping down the street.
Adjective or Adverb.
I arrived (safe, safely) at
21. 22. 23.
my
house.
The
I
beautiful flowers smelled (sweet, sweetly).
24.
25.
I did
don't feel (good, well) today. (good, well) in my studies last month.
this street.
63.
Drive (slow, slowly) on

ENGLISH.
Exercise 64.

it
of the following sentences and correct form of the verb indicated. The rule
determining the choice of the word should also be given.

Burst.
1.
The water
pipe (burst)
last night.
2.
Do
not overexert yourself or you

bottle has (burst)
it has (burst) explosion (burst)
may
(burst)
a blood
vessel.
3.
The
The
4.
5.
Are you sure
everything to pieces last night.
Spring.
6.
7.
The lion crouched and (spring) The mouse has (spring)

I
on
the trap.
its
victim.
8.
saw
the deer as he (spring)
over the top of the fence.
9.
New hope
The
(spring)
eternal in the
human
breast.
10.
goat has (spring)
over the wall.
11.
Have you (buy)

I
12.
13. 14.
15.
all my (buy) (buy) mine yesterday at the bookstore. I have just (buy) a new suit. Mary (buy) a new hat last week.
Buy. any new books? books direct from the publishers.
Drive.
16. 17. 18. 19.
Can you
I
I
(drive)
(a,
an) automobile?
(drive)
one
all last
summer.
have (drive)
several different kinds of automobiles.
We
The
20.
(drive) all the way to Chicago last summer. horse has been (drive) too far.
See.
21. 22. 23. 24.
I (see)
the
(see)
He
I
(see)
man when he (do) the man when he had
it.
finished.
John this morning? him about an hour ago. him? 25. Where have you (see)
(see)
Have you
64

ENGLISH.
Exercise 65.
The
teacher
may
following blank spaces have been provided so that the supply some of her own sentences for extra drill in
some particular usage.

1.
2.
3. 4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13. 14.
15. 16.
17.
18. 19.
20.
21.
22. 23.
24.
25.
65

ENGLISH.
Exercise 66.
The
teacher
may

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10. 11.
12.
13. 14.
15.
16.
17. 18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23. 24.
25.
66
FOR ORAL DRILL IN THE CORRECT USE OF ENGLISH

Exercise
67.
The
teacher
may

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
16.
17. 18. 19.
20. 21. 22. 23.
24.
25.
67
FOR ORAL DRILL IN THE CORRECT USE OF ENGLISH

Exercise 68.
The
teacher
may

1.
2.
3. 4. 5. 6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18. 19.
20.
21. 22.
23. 24.
25.
68

Present
arise
Past
arose
Past Participle
arisen
am
(be)
was
awoke, awaked
beat
been
awake
beat begin
awaked
beaten
began
bent
begun
bent
bend
bind
bite
bound
bit
bound
bitten
bleed
bled
bled
blow
break bring
build burst
blew
broke brought
built
blown
broken brought
built
burst
burst
buy
catch choose
cling
bought caught
chose
bought caught
chosen clung
clung
come
creep
deal
came
crept
dealt
come
crept
dealt
dig
do
dug, digged did
dug, digged
done
draw
drink
drive
eat
fall
drew
drank drove
ate
fell
drawn
drunk
driven eaten
fallen
feed
feel
fed
lelt
fed
felt
fight
fought
fought
find
flee
found
fled
found
fled
fling
fly
flung flew
forgot forsook
flung
flown
forgotten forsaken
forget
forsake
69

Present
freeze
get
Past
froze
Past Participle
frozen got given
got
give
gave
go
grow hang
hang
have hear
hide
went grew Lung

hanged had heard
hid held kept
knelt, kneeled
gone
grown hung
hanged had
heard hidden
held kept
knelt, kneeled
hold keep kneel
know
lay
knew
laid
known
laid
lead
leave
led
ieft
led
left
lend
lie
lent
lent
lain
lit
lay
lighted,
lost
light
lose
lighted,
lost
lit
make mean
meet pay
read
ride
made
meant met
paid read rode
made
meant met
paid read ridden
ring
rise
rang
rose
rung
risen
run
say
see
ran
said
run
said
saw
sought
sold sent
set
seen
seek
sell
sought
sold
send
set
sent
set
shake
shook
shaken
70

Present
shine
Past
shone
shot
Past Participle
shone
shot
shoot
shoe
shod
shod
show
shrink sing sink
sit
showed
shrank sang sank
sat
shown
shrunk sung sunk
sat
slain
slay sleep
slide
slew
slept
slid
slept
slidden, slid
sling
slung
smelt, smelled
slung
smelt, smelled
smell speak
speed
spell
spoke sped
spelt,
spoken sped
spelled
spelt,
spelled
spilt
spend
spill
spent
spilled, spilt
spent
spilled,
spin
spring stand
stay
steal
spun sprang
stood
stayed, staid
stole
spun sprung
stood
stayed, staid
stolen
stick
stuck
sting
strew
stride
strike
stung strewed
strode
stuck stung
strewn
stridden
struck, stricken
struck
string
strive
strung
strove
strung
striven
swear sweep
swore swept
sworn
swept
swim
swing
take
swam
swung
took taught
tore
swum
swung
taken taught torn
teach
tear
71

Present
tell
Past
told
Past Participle
told
think
thought
thought
throw
wake wear weave weep win wind wring

write
threw woke, waked
thrown
woke, waked
wore wove wept
worn woven
wept
won wound
wrung
wrote
won wound wrung

written
72
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1600 DRILL EXERCISES

FOR CLASS STUDY

1600 DRILL EXERCISES

River Falls State Normal School River Falls, Wisconsin

Taylor, PdD. Superintendent of the New York

NOBLE AND NOBLE,

By Noble and Noble

Schools throughout the United States are recognizing the im-

function in the speech of children.

more "functional grammar" and

diagramming has been

The New York

English has just been revised and

strongly upon habits of

intended, not to supersede grammar, but to offer

exercises for the application of the laws of

speech of the pupil.

Charters has shown that of the errors

made by Kansas City

school children, twenty-four per cent consist

of a confusion of past tense and past participle; fourteen per cent

subject; twelve per cent

involve the uses of lay and

aint got, can

eleven per cent are the double negative

nishes another ten per cent; while the rest relate to

forms of pronouns, confusion of adjective and adverb, confusion

All these errors are covered in the

of pages have been left blank to enable the teacher

to insert exercises for the correction of errors peculiar to her

which may not have received attention

Personal Pronouns, I and

Personal Pronouns, I and

Personal Pronouns, She and Her.

Personal Pronouns, Personal Pronouns,

and Him. and

Personal Pronouns, Personal Pronouns,

They and Them. They and Them (Continued).

of Personal Pronouns. of All the Personal Pronouns.

and Relative Pronouns,

Interrogative and Relative Pronouns,

Verbs, Shall and Will (Continued).

Can and May.

Agreement Agreement Agreement

Miscellaneous Irregular Verbs.

Exercise Exercise Exercise Exercise

Exercise 50. The Verb, Go.

CORRECTIVE EXERCISES IN ORAL DRILL.

BLANK EXERCISES FOR ADDITIONAL SENTENCES.

PRINCIPAL PARTS OF IRREGULAR VERBS.

NOTE TO THE TEACHER.

corrected by the teacher and later returned to

so that the reasons for each correction

be discussed orally in the classroom.

used as a direct object; indirect object;

in the objective case.

used as a direct object

in the objective case.

are not so old as

that told the story.

was Harry and

Father took John and

used as a direct object; indirect object;