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A pplications of each form ula can be found on the page that follow s. 1.
x r dx =
x r +1 +c r +1
f ( x ) dx = k f ( x ) dx
d x = l nx + c
f (u) d u = F (u) + c
w here u = g (x) and du = g' (x) dx 9. Integration by P arts
f (x) g'( x)dx = f(x)g(x ) - f ' (x)g(x)dx 10. ccs x dx =sin f (x) + c 11. [ cos f (x) ] f (x)dx = sin f(x) + c 12. sin x dx = - cos x + c 13. [ sin f(x) ] f '( x)dx = cos f (x) + c 14. sec xdx = tan x + c 15. [ sec f (x) ]f (x)d x= tan f(x) + c
' 2 2 1
xr+1 1. x dx = +C r+1
r
x8 Ex. x dx = +C 8
7
Ex.
5 dx = 5x + C
6 5x dx = 5 x dx 6
kf (x) = k F (x) dx
Ex.
5x7 +C 7
Ex.
6e dx = 6 e dx
x x
=6ex + C
f(x)
f '(x)dx = ef(x) + C
Ex. Ex.
e e
2x2 +1
4xdx = e2x +1 + C
2
6.
x +C x dx = ln
1 dx = e3x 3dx 3 1 3x = e 3dx 3 33x = +C 3 Note: This problem can also be worked using the integration by substitution method (see #8). 5dx dx Ex. = 5 x x
3x
= 5 ln x +C 7.
f (x)
f ' (x)
+ C dx = ln f(x)
Ex.
2x dx = ln x2 + 1 + C 2 +1
1 (3x 2 + 3) 3 Ex. x 3 + 3x + 2 dx 1 3x 2 + 3 dx = x 2 + 3x + 2 3 1 = ln x 3 + 3x + 2 + C 3 N ote: T his problem can also be w orked using the integration by substitution m ethod (see #8) . x2 +1 dx = x 3 + 3x + 2 Ex. 8.Integration by Substitution
(x
+ 3) 4 2 xdx
u=x 2 + 3 du=2xdx
f(u)du = F(u) + C
w here u = g(x) and du=g ' (x)dx
(x
+ 3) 4 2 xdx = u 4 du u5 +C 5 (x 2 + 3) 5 = +C 5 =
x 3 + 1 dx u = x3 +1
du =3x 2 dx
x 3 + 1 dx = =
x 3 + 1 3x 2 dx
1 c 3 + 1 3x 2 dx 3 1 = u du 3 1 1 = u 2 du 3
3
1 u2 = +C 3 3 2 2 3 = u2 +C 9 3 2 = ( x 3 + 1) 2 + C 9 2 = ( x 3 + 1) 3 + C 9
9. Integration by Parts
Ex.
ln x dx g(x) = x G(x) = x3 3
f(x) = ln x f '(x) = 1 x
2 x ln x dx =ln x
x3 3 x3 = 3 =
x3 1 x3 dx 3 x 3 2 1 ln x - x dx 3 x3 ln x +C 9
10.
cos x dx = sin x + C
Ex.
Ex.
1 cos 4x 4dx 4 1 = sin 4x 4 Note: This problem can also be worked using the integration by substitution method (see #8). 12. sin x dx = -cos x + C 13. [sin f(x)]f '(x) dx = -cos f (x) + C Ex.
-2 sin x dx = -2 sin x dx
= -2(-cos x) + C = 2 cos x + C
2[sin(x
+1)]2xdx
1 [sin(x 2 + 1) + 2xdx 2 1 = - cos(x 2 + 1) + C 2 Note: This problem can also be worked by the integration by substitution method (see #8). Ex.
9 sec x dx = 9 sec x dx
2 2
= 9 tan x + C
Ex.
2x
2
sec2 (x 3 + 1)dx =
2 3
3 [sec (x
+ 1)] 3x 2 dx =
2 [sec 2 (x 3 + 1)]3x 2dx = 3 2 tan(x 3 + 1) + C 3 Note: This problem can also be worked by the integration by substitution method (see #8).