Nursing Theorist

1.) Virginia Henderson

Theory
Need theory

Strengths
There is interrelation of and of concepts. Concepts culture, from Her fundamental interaction, discipline.Eg.. and human needs, biophysiology, communication are borrowed other Maslows theory. definition components are logical and the 14 components are a guide for the individual and nurse in reaching the chosen goal. Relatively generalizable. Applicable to the health of individuals of all ages. can be the that bases can for be the hypotheses tested. assist in increasing general body of knowledge within the discipline. Her ideas of nursing practice are well accepted. can be utilized by practitioners to guide and improve their practice. simple yet

Weaknesses
Lack linkage of conceptual between

physiological and other human characteristics. No concept of the holistic nature of human being. If the assumption that the is 14 made

components prioritized, the relationship among the Lacks components inter-relate is of unclear. factors and the influence of nursing care. Assisting the individual in the dying process she contends that the nurse helps, but there is little explanation of what the nurse does. Peaceful death is curious and significant nursing role.

2.) D o r o t h e a O r e m

Self-Care Theory

Provides

comprehensive

In general system theory a system is viewed as a single whole thing while Orem defines a system as a single whole, thing.

base to nursing practice It has utility for professional nursing nursing in the areas of practice nursing

curricula ,nursing education administration ,and nursing research Specifies needed Her self-care approach with is the contemporary when nursing is

Health is often viewed as dynamic and is ever illness changing.

The theory oriented.

concepts of health promotion and health maintenance

3.) Sister Callista Roy

Adaptation Model

Scientific knowledge for practice Clinical assesment and intervention Research variables To guide nursing practice To organize nursing education Curricular framework for various nursing colleges The four modes provide an opportunity for consideration of multiple aspects of the human adaptive system and support gaining an

the need for consistent definitions of the concepts and terms within the RAM, as well as for more research based on such consistent definitions.

in a practice area that is increasingly challenged with time constraints, the amount of time required to fully implement the two areas of RAM assessment may be viewed as

understanding of the whole system. the RAM is evolving rather than static. It is logically organised and draws on the nurses observational and interviewing skills.

insurmountable. This is particularly true/ as one begins to use the RAM, a nurse more experienced in the use of the RAM may find the time constraints less compelling.

4.) R o s e m a r i e R i z z o Parse

Human Becoming Theory

Differentiates nursing from other disciplines Practice - Provides guidelines of care and useful administration

Research considered to be in a closed circle Rarely quantifiable results - Difficult to compare to other research studies, no control group, standardized questions, etc.

Useful in Education Provides research methodologies Provides framework to guide inquiry of other theories (grief, hope, laughter, etc.)

Does not utilized the nursing process/diagnoses

Negates the idea that each person engages in a unique lived experience

Not accessible to the novice nurse Not applicable to acute, emergent care. Its terminology is overly

5.) Martha Rogers

Unitary Human Beings

Conceptual model is abstract

and

therefore

generalized for of the nursing the and the social,

complex. The weakness bridges or absence of or logical

and powerful. It is broad in scope, providing a framework development knowledge generation It of

transitions

between its conceptual components confuses the theorys content.

through grand

middle-range theories. addresses psychological,

environmental, physiological, and physical realms of human existence by attempting to explain dimensionality the of four the

universe and the occurence of paranormal experiences. Holistics account and the takes entire into of

phenomena associated with nursing practice. Has mental group, systems. the potential to health of and to contribute psychiatric nursings family, community

understanding