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(1)
The corrected mass flow is defined as
1
1
100
298
t
cor
t
T kPa
m m
K P
=
(2)
The corrected shaft speed is defined as
1
298
cor
t
K
n n
T
=
(3)
Then, the power contours in Fig. 11 are calculated by the
following formula
2 1
( )
cor p t t
P m C T T = (4)
Figure 10 shows pressure ratio and efficiency contours of
the centrifugal compressor with low specific speed. The
highest pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor is up to
1.42. The maximum efficiency ring is 78%, which is close to
the efficiency of conventional centrifugal compressor. Figure
11 shows pressure ratio and power contours of the centrifugal
compressor. Power consumption of compressor is important
for performance of full cell. Power consumption of
compressor is below 5kW for most conditions.
!.00
!.0
!.!0
!.!
!.?0
!.?
!.30
!.3
!.+0
!.+
0.00 0.0 0.!0 0.! 0.?0 0.?
Corrected mass flow /(Kg/s)
P
r
e
s
s
u
r
e
R
a
t
i
o
!+000m
!b000m
!8000m
?0000m
b0
b
b8
8
!?000m
!0000m
8000m
?
Fig. 10 Experimental performance map of
centrifugal compressor: pressure ratio & efficiency
contours.
!.00
!.0
!.!0
!.!
!.?0
!.?
!.30
!.3
!.+0
!.+
0.00 0.0 0.!0 0.! 0.?0 0.?
Corrected mass flow /(Kg/s)
P
r
e
s
s
u
r
e
R
a
t
i
o
1 kW
3 kW
5 kW
4 kW
2 kW
8000m
!0000m
!?000m
!+000m
!b000m
!8000m
?0000m
Fig. 11 Experimental performance map of
centrifugal compressor: pressure ratio & power
contours.
CONCLUSIONS
A low specific speed centrifugal compressor for
automotive fuel cell systems is designed in this project.
This centrifugal compressor can be driven by an
ordinary electric motor, therefore has advantages of low
cost, easy manufacture, long life length to be fit for low
flow rate condition.
The experimental results show that designed low
specific speed centrifugal compressor reaches efficiency
of 78 % and pressure ratio of 1.42, which basically fulfils
the pressurizing requirements of fuel cell systems.
ACKNOWLEDGE
The authors would like to thank for Weidong Xing,
Junyue Zhang, Jizhong Zhang, and other researchers in
National Key Lab. of Diesel Engine Turbocharging Tech.
This project has been supported by FuYuan
Turbochargers CO., LTD (Weifang, Shandong, China).
REFERENCES
1. Vine, A. J., Thornton, W. E., Pullen, K. R., et al,
2005, Low Specific Speed Turbocompressors,
International Conference on Compressors and their
Systems, London: Springer225-234.
2. Mark, G., 2004, Cost and Performance
Enhancements for a PEM Fuel Cell
Turbocompressor, DOE Hydrogen, Fuel Cells &
Infrastructure Technologies Program Review
Presentation, Honeywell Systems, Systems &
Services, Philadelphia.
3. Chen, Q. S., Qi, Z. N., 2001, Technology Challenge
and Prospect of Fuel Cell Vehicle, Automotive
Engineering, 23(6): 361-364. (in Chinese)
4. Japikse, D., 2006, Centrifugal Compressor Design
and Performance, Vermont: Concepts ETI, Inc.