THIRD ENGLISH MANUAL Let's speak as American Citizens!

SCHOOL ________________________ PROFESSORS NAME ________________________

Speaking in a natural way!

English learners dream of talking like natives. Everybody practices pronunciation and grammar, works hard on writing, broadens their vocabulary. However, have you ever been told that, to sound like a native, you need phrasal verbs? Most language researchers agree: if there are two ways of saying the same thing in English and one of them is a phrasal verb, you can bet that the phrasal verb will be the one the native speaker will use. Polishing your phrasal verbs skills, having them on the tip of your tongue and knowing how to use them, give your speech a feel of nativeness. So, are you ready to give one more step towards fluency?

EMAIL ADDRESS _________________________ STUDENTS NAME __________________________

EMAIL ADDRESS __________________________

TELEPHONE NUMBER _________________________

Phrasal verbs are verbs that have their meanings changed when they are joined with prepositions or adverbs (or both). The same verb can have dozens of completely different meanings, depending on the term that goes with it. Lets go for it and obtain your TOEIC Certificate mastering English!

INDEX Unit 1: Lets remember something about the airport ........................................... Page 1 Unit 2: Asking for an address ............................................................................... Page 3 Unit 3: Lets learn something else about shopping .............................................. Page 4 Unit 4: At a hotel .................................................................................................. Page 5 Unit 5: Apartment for rent .................................................................................... Page 6 Unit 6: In the office .............................................................................................. Page 7 Unit 7: Office documents ..................................................................................... Page 11 Unit 8: Passive voice ............................................................................................ Page 12 Unit 9: On vacations! ............................................................................................ Page 15 Unit 10: Phrasal verbs .......................................................................................... Page 17 Unit 11: What do you want to be when you grow up? ........................................ Page 56 Unit 12: Introduction to TOEIC ........................................................................ Page 62 Unit 13: Listening comprehension ....................................................................... Page 67 Unit 14: Describing pictures ................................................................................. Page 68 Unit 15: Logical answers ...................................................................................... Page 73 Unit 16: Short conversations ................................................................................ Page 74 Unit 17: Short talks ............................................................................................... Page 75 Unit 18: Idioms ..................................................................................................... Page 76 Unit 19: Reading comprehension ......................................................................... Page 77 Unit 20: Incomplete sentences .............................................................................. Page 78 Unit 21: Error recognition .................................................................................... Page 81 Unit 22: Understanding documents ...................................................................... Page 82 TOEIC Appendix .................................................................................................. Page 87

Unit 1: Lets remember something about the airport At the airport When you first reach the counter, you should give them your ticket and your passport. The first question they usually ask is how many are traveling with you. "Is anybody traveling with you today?" "Is anybody else traveling with you?" "Are just you two traveling today?" All airlines have a list of questions they have to ask you. Let's look at some of these questions. "Did someone you do not know ask you to take something on the plane with you?" "Did you have possession of your luggage since you packed?" "Did you leave your luggage unattended at all in the airport?" "Are you carrying any weapons or firearms?" "Are you carrying any flammable material?" "Do you have any perishable food items?" "How many suitcases are you checking in?" "Do you have a carry on?" "Can you place your baggage up here?" "How many carry on bags are you taking with you?" Afterwards, they might ask if you prefer an aisle seat or a window seat. "Do you prefer window or aisle?" If they are out of aisle seats, they will ask you if window is ok. Example: "We do not have any aisle seats remaining. Is a window seat ok with you or would you prefer a middle seat?" 1

Some people like to be by the emergency exit. You can ask for that seat. "Do you have a seat next to the emergency exit?" "Can I have a seat closest to the emergency exit?" If they do, then you will get a seat by the exit, but if they don't, they will try to give you one that is close. "All the seats next to the exit have been taken. I have a seat directly in front of it. Would you like that one?" Finally, they will tell you the gate number and the boarding time. "Here are your tickets. The gate number is at the bottom of the ticket. They will start boarding 20 minutes before the departure time. You should report to gate C2 by then. C2 is around the corner and down the hall. Thank you and enjoy your trip." Dear students, is everything tickety-boo? How did you feel, did you remember all your tenses? Now please practice your pronunciation and fluency pretending to be passengers. Finally, lets try with a poem. In The Park She sits in the park. Her clothes are out of date. Two children whine and bicker, tug her skirt. A third draws aimless patterns in the dirt. Someone she loved once passed by too late. To feign indifference to that casual nod. How nice etcetera. Time holds great surprises. From his neat head unquestionably rises a small balloonbut for the grace of God They stand a while in flickering light, rehearsing the childrens names and birthdays. Its so sweet to hear their chatter, watch them grow and thrive, she says to his departing smile. Then, nursing the youngest child, sits staring at her feet. To the wind she says, They have eaten me alive. By Gwen Harwood. 2

Unit 2: Asking for an address Lets check the translation and practice the next dialogue: Be careful with the first sentence and review with your professor the difference between: Where is it? and Where it is?

Which one is correct, what about the grammatical structures? Before continue, be sure that you dont have any doubt or questions.

Dialogue one: Edward: Excuse me; I'm looking for Holiday Inn Hotel. Do you know where it is?

Mary: Sure. It is down this street on the left.

Edward: Is it far from here?

Mary: No, it is not far.

Edward: How far is it?

Mary: About a mile and a half.

Edward: How long does it take to get there?

Mary: 5 minutes or so.

Edward: Is it close to the subway station?

Mary: Yes, it is very close. The subway station is next to the hotel. You can walk there.

Edward: Thanks a lot. 3

Unit 3: Lets learn something else about shopping Lets go to the mall. Beth: Where are you going John? John: I am going to fashion mall. Would you accompany me? Beth: Id love to go. But today I dont have any money. John: Dont worry, I have. I got my salary yesterday. Beth: What do you want to buy? John: I have to buy jeans. We can also enjoy ice-cream. Beth: I also have to shop for a couple of dresses. Ill return your money tomorrow. John: Lets go. Beth: Shall we go on bike? Where is your car? John: It is easy to park a bike. Wont you sit on bike with me? Beth: I feel uncomfortable on a bike. John: OK, well go in the car then. Directions: Now, please write your own conversation and practice different situations using the images. Get something for a boy, a girl and of course for you. Try to buy something in this clothing store & a toy for children in a toy shop:

Unit 4: At a hotel Booking by phone: A: Good morning, youre calling to Rans Hotel, could we help you? B: Yes, I would like a room from the 1st through the 3rd of September, please. A: What kind of room would you like? B: Id like a twin room, please. A: Hold on, please. Ready, thank you very much. What name do I book? B: Mr. Hamilton, please. Excuse me, how much for the twin room? A: Ninety dollars, before tax. B: Does that include meals? A: Yes, of course Sir. B: OK, Ill take a room. A: Ill need to get your credit card information, please. Checking in: A: Hi, my name is Edward Hamilton and shes my wife. We have a reservation. B: Let me check. OK, welcome Mr. Hamilton and Mrs. Hamilton. May I have your credit card, please? A: Yes, of course. Do we pay now or when we check out? B: In advance, please. A: Here you go. B: You are in room 502. Please, let our bellboy help you with your luggage. A: Youre so kind, thank you very much. B: Please, follow me. The lifts are just around the corner. A: Many thanks. B: Is there anything else we can do to help you enjoy your stay? A: Everything is okay, thank you. Oh, by the way, does this hotel have a shuttle bus to downtown? B: No, Im afraid we dont, but we will be happy to call a taxi for you when you needed. Calling the front desk: A: Good evening, Im in 502 and I will need a taxi tomorrow at 8:00 oclock, please. B: Correct Sir, leave it to us. A: Can you give me a wake-up call at 7:00? B: Certainly, do you need something else? A: Yes, do the rooms come equipped with irons? B: No, but they are available free of charge here at the front desk. A: Can you send it up, please? B: Sure thing. Our bellboy should be up there in 5 more minutes. A: OK, thanks for everything. B: Enjoy your stay, and dont hesitate to call, if there is something else we can do for you. Please develop further your conversation skills working in teams. 5

Unit 5: Apartment for rent Last month, I decided to move out of my parents' place and start living on my own. I searched in the newspaper for apartment listings and found a place not too far from my work. The landlord showed me around the apartment, and because it suited my needs, I signed the rental agreement and paid a deposit, some of which I might get back when I move out. The apartment has two bedrooms, one bathroom, a living room, and kitchen. It also has a small utility room where I keep my washer and dryer. Right before I moved in, the landlord put in new carpet and had the walls painted, so it looks like a new place. The rent is $650 a month, not including utilities. I pay about $100 for gas, electricity, water, sewage, and Internet service. Unfortunately, the apartment complex doesn't allow pets, so my dog has to stay with my parents for now. I might get a roommate at some point to share expenses, but I haven't decided on that yet. The place looks a little empty because it isn't furnished, but for the time being, I only have the basics: a bed, a table, a small sofa in the living room, and a TV. It's not as livable and cozy as my parents' place, but it will have to do for now. Now, please review the vocabulary above and then move on for speaking practice. Renting a Place of Your Own Discussion What is the process of finding an apartment in your hometown? Can you contact the landlord directly, or do you have to go through a real estate agent? On average, how much does it cost to rent a 1-bedroom apartment? Are most apartments already furnished, or do you have to furnish it yourself? Role Play Imagine that you have lived with your roommates for six months, but you've decided to move out because they haven't taken care of the place . . . pizza boxes tossed everywhere, dirty socks on the kitchen table, and a pet snake loose somewhere in the sofa. Directions: Tell your partner about your current situation, and then explain what kind of place you are looking for. Just figured that one is the proprietor and the other one is looking for a flat. 6

Unit 6: In the office Now lets review some vocabulary. Directions: On your right hand write the meaning and at the bottom complete the table adding more examples in English and in Spanish. Adhesive tape Ballpoint pen Binder clip Block of paper Box Board eraser Briefcase Calculator Calendar Chair Computer Desk Desk tidy (GB) Drawer Drawing pin (GB) Eraser (US) Envelope Fax machine File Filing cabinet Folder Fountain pen Glue Highlighter pen In tray (GB), in box (US) Ink Ink cartridge Keyboard Marker Monitor Mouse Out tray (GB), out box (US) Overhead projector, OHP Paper Paperclip Pen Pencil Pencil holder 7

Photocopier Photocopy Pin Printer Punch, hole punch Rubber (GB) Rubber band Rubber stamp Ruler Scissors Scotch tape (US), Sellotape (GB) Sheet of paper Stamp Stapler Staple remover Telephone Thumbtack (US) Toner Typewriter Type Wheel Wastepaper basket Whiteboard Whiteboard marker

Dialogue in the office

Directions: Please, translate and practice your conversation.

Rut: Hello buddy, good morning.

Arthur: Hello Rut, nice to see you! How are you?

Rut: Fine, many thanks. Has our boss come?

Arthur: Yes, he has come earlier today.

Rut: Did he ask anything about me? I missed the bus, hence late.

Arthur: Yes. He asked if you had not come also asked me to tell you to meet him.

Rut: Alright, and what about Kenya? Her seat is vacant.

Arthur: She has gone to the accounts section.

Rut: What for?

Arthur: To see whether she is eligible for house loan.

Rut: Poor woman she is suffering like anything.

Arthur: Why?

Rut: She ought not to have had such a huge family.

Arthur: Has she not undergone family planning? 9

Rut: My meaning is not that. She has her sisters children to support with.

Arthur: Oh, I see.

Rut: And what about you Arthur, how are you?

Arthur: Fine thank you. But I am not peaceful nowadays. Rut: Why havent you found out a way to escape from paying the interest?

Arthur: No. The lenders are not soft hearted.

Rut: It is a pity that our colleagues themselves do not have such tendency.

Arthur: Neither we should lend nor we should borrow.

Rut: But we can help them at times without interest. Arthur: That is right. We must prove Friend in need is a friend indeed.

Rut: Well, I have a lot of work. Arthur: So do I, lets move on!

Rut: Thank you very much for helping me. Arthur: Dont mention it. It was my pleasure.

Rut: See you later.

Arthur: So long. 10

Unit 7: Office documents

Directions: Please translate the next memo:

Directions: Now please compose a formal letter informing employees celebrating the anniversary party of the company. Write it down in your notebook and try to use the correct format and vocabulary for it. 11

Unit 8: Passive voice Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or it is not known, however, who or what is performing the action. Example: My bike was stolen. In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it. Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows: Example: A mistake was made. In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone. Example: You have made a mistake. Form of Passive Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs) Eg: A letter was written. When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following: The object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence The finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle) The subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped) Example Table 1 Tense Simple Present Passive: Simple Past Passive: Present Perfect Passive: Future I Passive: Hilfsverben Passive: Subject Active: A letter Active: A letter Active: A letter Active: A letter Active: A letter Rita is written Rita was written Rita has been written Rita will be written Rita can be written 12 Verb Writes by Rita. Wrote by Rita. has written by Rita. will write by Rita. can write by Rita. Object a letter.

a letter.

a letter.

a letter. a letter.

Please, practice with more sentences before you work with the second table. Example Table 2 Tense Present Progressive Passive: Past Progressive Passive: Past Perfect Passive: Future II Passive: Conditional I Passive: Conditional II Passive: Subject Active: A letter Active: A letter Active: A letter Active: A letter Active: A letter Active: A letter Rita is being written Rita was being written Rita had been written Rita will have been written Rita would be written Rita would have been written Verb is writing by Rita. was writing by Rita. had written by Rita. will have written by Rita. would write by Rita. would have written by Rita. Object a letter.

a letter.

a letter. a letter. a letter.

a letter.

Passive Sentences with Two Objects Rewriting an active sentence with two objects in passive voice means that one of the two objects becomes the subject, the other one remains an object. Which object to transform into a subject depends on what you want to put the focus on. Example Table 3 Subject Active: Passive: Passive: Rita A letter I Verb Wrote was written was written Object 1 a letter to me a letter Object 2 to me. by Rita. by Rita.

As you can see in the examples, adding by Rita does not sound very elegant. Thats why it is usually dropped. Personal and Impersonal Passive Personal Passive simply means that the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. So every verb that needs an object (transitive verb) can form a personal passive.

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Example: They build houses. Houses are built. Verbs without an object (intransitive verb) normally cannot form a personal passive sentence (as there is no object that can become the subject of the passive sentence). If you want to use an intransitive verb in passive voice, you need an impersonal construction therefore this passive is called Impersonal Passive. Example: He says. It is said. Impersonal Passive is not as common in English as in some other languages (e.g. German, Latin). In English, Impersonal Passive is only possible with verbs of perception (e. g. say, think, know). Example: They say that women live longer than men. It is said that women live longer than men. Although Impersonal Passive is possible here, Personal Passive is more common. Example: They say that women live longer than men. Women are said to live longer than men. The subject of the subordinate clause (women) goes to the beginning of the sentence; the verb of perception is put into passive voice. The rest of the sentence is added using an infinitive construction with 'to' (certain auxiliary verbs and that are dropped). Sometimes the term Personal Passive is used in English lessons if the indirect object of an active sentence is to become the subject of the passive sentence. Directions: Please, rewrite the next sentences in passive: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. Antares draws a cartoon. Antares drew a cartoon. Antares is drawing a cartoon. Antares was drawing a cartoon. Antares has drawn a cartoon. Antares had drawn a cartoon. Antares will draw a cartoon. Antares is going to draw a cartoon. Antares can draw a cartoon. Antares will have drawn a cartoon. Antares would draw a cartoon. Antares would have drawn a cartoon. Antares drew a cartoon for me. Antares drew a cartoon of dinosaurs. He draws.

Be careful with the last sentence, remember the information you have seen. 14

Unit 9: On vacations! Planning a trip Mark: Hello, I want to talk to Paul, please. Paul: Hello, do you have any business for me? Mark: Today is Saturday. I will take you on a trip. Paul: Where are we going? Mark: We are going to Dream Word. Paul: Where will I meet you? Mark: At school. I will wait for you there. Paul: Is there anyone else who will go to Dream Word? Mark: No one is free. Paul: Do they sell food there? Mark: I am not sure. I think they do. Paul: Oh! I forgot that on Saturday I don't have any freetime. Can we change the trip to Sunday? Mark: Yes. Paul: Will we go to Dream Word by bus? Mark: By taxi. Paul: How will we pay? Mark: You pay half and I will pay half. Paul: How much money is it? Mark: About 60 bucks altogether. Paul: What time should I meet you? Mark: About 10 o'clock tomorrow. Paul: O.K., I won't forget it. Mark: I won't forget it either. See you tomorrow. Directions: Please, practice the next dialogue: Fay: Hi Jerry. The school year is almost over. Do you have any plans for the summer holiday? Jerry: I'm planning on sleeping all day, every day! Fay: Oh, come on Jerry, you must be kidding. Jerry: Yeah, I'm just pulling your leg. Actually, I'm going to go down to Guizhou Province. Fay: Really? Why would you go to Guizhou? It's not a very popular tourist site. Jerry: Exactly! It's not very popular, so it won't be too crowded. I enjoyed my trip to the Great Wall, but there were so many people there. I think it spoiled the atmosphere a bit. Fay: I'm sure Guizhou won't be so crowded. But won't it be too hot in the summer? 15

Jerry: No, according to one of my students, it's very cool in the summer. He said it is "naturally air conditioned". Fay: Well, that sounds good. I wouldn't mind getting away from the Beijing heat myself. Still, I wonder... is there anything worth seeing in Guizhou? Jerry: Sure! For one thing, there's the beautiful natural scenery. I'm sure you've heard of the Huang Guo Shu Waterfalls. There's also the Maling Gorge which is said to be spectacular. There are mountains everywhere in Guizhou, even in the capital city of Guiyang. Fay: Yes, I have heard of Huang Guo Shu Pubu, but won't you get bored just looking at the scenery? Jerry: Come on Fay, there's lots of things to do. I can go hiking in Qian Ling Park in Guiyang, visit Miao villages in the southeast, and I know you've heard of Zunyi, a very historical city. It's where Mao Ze Dong first became the leader of the Red Army. Fay: Gee, when you describe it like that, it sounds really interesting! Jerry: And that's not all. I'll be able to eat very delicious, spicy food, drink world-famous maotai, and my student told me I can meet some very beautiful women there! Fay: I'm sure you'll have fun Jerry, but let me give you some advice. Be sure to hold onto your wallet AND your heart! Jerry: We'll see what happens! Fay: Do you have a place to stay in Guizhou? Jerry: Yes, I'm very lucky. My student's sister is the manager of the Guizhou Park Hotel, the best hotel in the province. I've seen some pictures on the Internet, it's really nice! But I think outside Guiyang, I'll stay in a Miao village or maybe buy a tent and go camping. Fay: That's great, Jerry. I'm looking forward to seeing your photos when you get back. Now dear students, you are ready to expose your dreaming trip to class. Choose a destiny and prepare carefully your exposition. Certainly, you can do it!

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Unit 10: Phrasal verbs Introduction to Phrasal Verbs: Phrasal verbs are verbs with more than one word. Examples: pick up, put down, turn on, turn off Phrasal verbs are also called "two-part verbs" and "three-part verbs." Phrasal verbs have a different meaning than their one-word counterparts. For example: Pick means to choose, but pick up means to lift something. Get means to obtain something, but get along with means to have a good relationship with someone. Just a simple particle like: up or along with makes an entirely new meaning, and for that reason, its very important to learn about phrasal verbs. Learning these phrasal verbs expands your vocabulary greatly. Phrasal verbs can be used in any tense simple present or past, present perfect, etc. They can also be used with modals, and used in the passive voice. Examples: call up (s) = to telephone someone Present: I call up my friend every day. Past: I called my sister up yesterday. Present perfect: I havent called my brother up for a long time. Modal: I would call him up, but hes never home. Passive: Hes been called up by many people, but hes never available to talk on the phone. There are two types of phrasal verbs: separable and non separable. Non separable phrasal verbs are also called "inseparable". Non separable phrasal verbs must always remain together: Example: take off (n) = to depart CORRECT: The plane took off at noon. (verb + particle together) INCORRECT: The plane took at noon off. (both words MUST be together) Separable phrasal verbs can be written three different ways: Example: take off (s) to remove clothing CORRECT: Sara took off her jacket. (verb + particle together) CORRECT: Sara took her jacket off. (verb + particle separated by noun) CORRECT: Sara took it off. (verb + particle separated with a pronoun) INCORRECT: Sara took off it. (the pronoun MUST be in the middle) Abbreviations used in the next phrasal verbs tables: (N) = non-separable phrasal verb and (S) = separable phrasal verb 17

Phrasal Verb: ACT LIKE N

S N

Meaning: to act in a certain manner to behave like --

Examples: Mary is acting like my friend, but she isnt. My brother was acting like a wild animal last night. The children acted up in class today. My computer has been acting up lately. It needs to be repaired. Our house was too small, so we added another bedroom on. A) How much is the tax? B) I don't know. I'll have to add it up. A) All of those items add up to $550.00. B) That's a lot of money! That handsome boy asked me out. We're going to see a movie together. The people backed away from the tiger. Terry was going to hit the man, but then he backed down when he saw that the man was much bigger than he is! You are crowding me. Please back up a few steps. Harry backed off when Susan came near. She backed the car up to the garage door. When he backed up, he tripped over a shoe. Don't forget to back your computer files up! Frank backed Mary's story up. He told us the same facts that Mary told us.

ACT UP ACT UP

N N

to behave badly to work improperly

ADD ON

to increase something

ADD UP

to find the amount to calculate a total figure to find the total

ADD UP TO

ASK OUT

to invite someone on a date

BACK AWAY
BACK DOWN

N N

to retreat to not follow a threat

BACK OFF

to move in reverse; move backwards

BACK UP

to drive a vehicle in reverse; move backwards

BACK UP BACK UP

S S

to make a protection copy to confirm facts; support

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BEAT UP

to hurt someone by hitting and/or kicking the person repeatedly

BEG OFF

to ask to be excused from something

BEND OVER

to bend at the waist

BLEND IN WITH BLOW UP

to match the surroundings

to explode; destroy with an explosion

BLOW UP

to explode with anger; to suddenly become angry

BLOW UP

to inflate something

BONE UP ON

to study something intensely for a short time; to refresh one's memory with information

BOSS AROUND

to tell someone what to do constantly

BREAK DOWN

to lose control of one's emotions

BREAK DOWN

to stop working

The men in the pub were trying to beat each other up. It was a terrible fight! My brother and I used to beat each other up. My friends were supposed to come over for dinner, but they begged off. Sam hurt his back when he bent over to pick up his shoes. New immigrants often try to blend in with the citizens of a country. The bomb blew the room up, but nobody was hurt. The socket blew up when I plugged the fan in. Maxine blew up when I told her I lost her new CD. I dont appreciate you blowing up at me. The clown blew up the balloons. The clown blew the balloons up. He blew them up. Nick's study group boned up on prepositions before the test. Gina hadnt studied verbs for a long time, so she boned up on them to refresh her memory. I hate when my sister tries to boss me around! I dont like to be bossed around by anyone. Brent broke down in tears when he heard that his wife had been saved from the fire. Sara's car broke down yesterday.

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BREAK DOWN

to dismantle, destroy

BREAK DOWN

to separate something into its component parts

BREAK IN

to work something so as to be usable; to wear something new until it is comfortable to train; get accustomed to a new routine to enter forcefully or abruptly to end a conversation

BREAK IN

BREAK INTO

BREAK OFF

BREAK OFF

to end a relationship

BREAK UP BREAK UP WITH

N N

to end a relationship to end a relationship

BRING BACK

to return something

BRING OFF

to accomplish something difficult; do the impossible or unlikely

BRING UP

to mention

My tape player is going to break down soon. The burglars broke the door down when they came in last night. The production costs were very high. When we broke the costs down, wed spent more on marketing than on the actual product. My shoes hurt my feet because they haven't been broken in yet. I need to break in my new baseball glove. One of the manager's duties is to break the new employees in. Cory broke into a house and stole a TV. Now, he's in jail! When I walked into the room, Sara and Sam broke off their conversation. I wonder what they were talking about? Allen and I broke our engagement off. We're not going to get married. Peter and June broke up yesterday. Peter and June broke up with each other yesterday. My homework is due tomorrow. Will you please bring my book back today? Nobody thought Cari could get an A in that class, but she brought it off! Mel Gibson brought off a wonderful performance. No one brought the

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BRING UP

to raise; rear

BRUSH UP ON

to practice, to improve your skill or knowledge to destroy by fire (Note: For standing things--trees, buildings, etc.--only.) to destroy by fire (For nonstanding things & people only.)

BURN DOWN

BURN UP

BURN UP BUTT INTO

S N

to cause someone to become very angry to enter a conversation uninvited; rudely interrupt

BUTT IN

to enter uninvited; to interrupt to tell someone to mind their own business. to praise someone excessively with the hope of getting some benefit to return a phone call; to call again

BUTT OUT BUTTER UP

N S

CALL BACK

CALL OFF

to cancel something

CALL ON

to ask a student to speak in class

CALL ON

to visit somebody at his/her

subject of employee raises up at the meeting. I was brought up with very strict rules. I had to be a good child, or I was punished. Nick's study group brushed up on pronouns before the test. If you smoke in bed, you may burn the house down. The forest fire burned the forest down. All of their pictures burned up in the fire. After Peter and Judy broke up, she burned his clothes up and threw his things away! That rude woman really burned me up! Arrgh!!! That rude man butted into our conversation. Its impolite to butt into someones business. The impatient women butted in the line at the market. Butt out! This is none of your business! I guess Marilyn really wants to be promoted. She's been buttering her supervisor up all week. Could you call back later please? Hey Sara, dont forget to call Sam back. Shelly called the wedding off because her boyfriend cheated on her. The teacher called on Lee for the answer. I hope the teacher calls on me today. Frank called on Sara.

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home

CALL OUT CALL UP CALM DOWN

N S S

to shout aloud to telephone someone to help someone/oneself become calmer, less upset; stop being emotionally distressed to like, want (Note: This is usually negative, but it may be used in questions.)

CARE FOR

CARE FOR

to take care of; give care to; attend / watch

CARRY ON CARRY OUT

S S

to continue to complete a task

CATCH ON CATCH ON

N N

to become popular to gain understanding or knowledge of something.

CATCH UP

to stop being behind; to get to the same level as others

CHECK IN

to register (usually at a meeting, hotel, airport, or hospital) to investigate; find information

CHECK INTO

They visited for two hours. Elizabeth will call on us later. When the lights went out, I called out for help. Saras secretary called the client up. Steve was so upset that no one could calm him down. Your cat isnt missing, so calm down! A) "Would you care for some dessert? We have ice cream, cookies, or cake." B) "No thank you. I don't care for sweets." Emily's grandfather got out of the hospital last week. Her family is caring for him at home. I'm sorry I interrupted you. Please carry on. The secretary carried her boss's orders out exactly as he asked. Orange hats with purple spots will never catch on! My mom had never used email until her company went online, but she caught on very quickly, and now she sends email to everyone she knows. The new employees are slow workers, but they'll catch up as they learn more. Thomas checked in at the front desk. What time do we need to check in? Leonardo DiCaprio's agent checked into the

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CHECK OFF

to make a mark to indicate that something on a list has been completed

CHECK OUT

CHECK OUT

to follow procedures for leaving (a meeting, hotel, hospital, etc.) to follow procedures for borrowing something (usually for a period of time) to appraise

rumor about Leo marrying his co-star. The rumor was untrue. The teacher checked the students homework off as they handed it in. He checked off the items as he bought groceries. Thomas checked out on Friday. Peter checked a few books out of the library. Here is it. I checked this book out for you. I asked the jeweler to check my ring out. I think the stone is loose. Check that car out; it is beautiful! Hank was sad about failing his test, so I took him out to dinner to cheer him up. My teacher chewed some students out today. I chewed my son out for coming home late. Mark was going to ask Lisa for a date when he saw her, but he chickened out. I wanted to go skydiving, but I chickened out. We chipped in and bought our boss a birthday gift. The robber clammed up when the police questioned him about his partner. My friends clammed up when I walked into the room. Nobody would tell me what they were talking

CHECK OUT

CHECK OUT CHEER UP

S S

to look at (slang) to help someone feel less worried, depressed or sad

CHEW OUT

to berate; scold someone severely

CHICKEN OUT

to lose the courage or confidence to do something-usually at the last minute

CHIP IN

to add money to something done by a group to refuse to talk about something

CLAM UP

CLAM UP

to suddenly become quiet

23

CLEAN UP

to clean something completely

CLEAR UP CLEAR AWAY

S S

to clarify; explain to remove

COME ACROSS

to find; to discover unexpectedly; find by chance

COME DOWN WITH

to become ill with ( a sickness )

COME TO

to regain consciousness; come awake

COME TO

to total an amount

COME UP

to be mentioned

COME UP WITH COPY DOWN

to suddenly think of an idea

to record in writing

COUNT ON

to rely on; depend on; trust that something will happen; trust that someone will do as expected

CROSS OUT

to draw a line through mistakes; show that something written is wrong or unnecessary by making an

about. Kids - clean your room up and then we'll leave. Tiffany cleaned her room up on Saturday. Her explanation cleared the misunderstanding up. When the dinner dishes were cleared away, we played cards at the table. I came across an old picture in my desk drawer. Have you come across my earring? I lost it. Ted came down with the flu yesterday. I hope his children don't come down with it too. A) "Nurse, has the patient come to yet?" B) "Not yet doctor. He's still in a coma." Let's see... You ordered 5 hamburgers and 10 hotdogs. That comes to $12.00. Did the topic of employee raises come up at the meeting yesterday? The marketing department came up with a brilliant idea. Patty gave Max her phone number and Max copied it down. Are you crazy? You can't count on winning the lottery! Stop buying so many lotto tickets! I just cant count on Steve. He never does what he says he will do. Sara crossed her spelling mistake out, then wrote the correct word. We can't afford to buy

24

X across it

CUT BACK ON

to reduce; to lower; to use less of something to cut something completely at the base to reduce; to lower; to use less of something to stop service

CUT DOWN

CUT DOWN ON CUT OFF

N S

CUT OFF

to sever; remove by cutting

CUT OFF

to eliminate from contact

CUT OUT CUT OUT CUT UP DIE DOWN DIG UP

S S S N S

to remove something to stop something to slice to decrease to look for and find hidden information; to uncover information to make tired; to exhaust

DO IN

DO IN DO OVER

S S

to kill; to murder to do something again; repeat a task to fasten; to close to be related or connected to something

DO UP DO WITH

S N

everything on the list, so I crossed all the unnecessary things out. The doctor told me to cut back on sugar and fat in my diet. They cut the tree down. Dont cut my bush down please. My brother needs to cut down on smoking. When we didn't pay the bill, the electricity was cut off. The doctor cut off the infected finger. Vincent Van Gogh, the painter, cut his ear off. He was cut off from the city by the storm. He couldn't get home. I cut the picture out of the magazine. She cut out smoking and now her health is better. We cut the pizza up and gave everyone a slice. I think the wind is finally dying down. Politicians like to dig embarrassing information up about other politicians. Working in the factory really did me in today. I'm exhausted. The killer did his victim in by poisoning him. Please do your composition over. There are too many mistakes. Please do up your jacket before you go outside. A) "What's a carburetor?" B) "It has something to do with cars."

25

DO WITHOUT

to get along without a necessary item or to manage without a necessary item

DRAG ON

to continue for an extremely long time; last much longer than expected or is necessary

DRAW OUT

to prolong something longer than necessary; make something last far longer than normal

DRAW UP

to create a formal document; to compose

DREAM UP

to think of something new; create

DRESS UP

to put on formal clothing

DRINK UP

to finish a drink

DROP BY

DROP IN ON

to visit informally (usually without scheduling a specific time) to visit informally (usually without scheduling a specific time) to deliver something

DROP OFF

We don't have any lettuce, so we'll have to do without salad with dinner tonight. Can you do without your dictionary today? That boring movie dragged on and on. I thought it would never end! The professors lecture is certainly dragging on today. I hope he finishes soon! Our boss drew the meeting out until we were all bored and disinterested! The singer isnt ready. Please draw your act out until he finishes getting dressed. The lawyer drew up the company contract. The architect drew the building plans up. Versace dreamed a lot of new fashions up. Thomas Edison dreamed up many inventions. I couldn't believe that the bride didn't dress up for her own wedding! She wore blue jeans! Drink up everyone! The pub is closing in five minutes! If you're in the area, we'd love to see you. Please drop by any time. If you're in the area, we'd love to see you. Please drop in on us any time. I can take that letter to the post office. I'll drop

26

DROP OFF DROP OUT OF

S N

to give someone a ride to stop attending a class; quit school

EAT OUT

to go out and eat; have a meal in a restaurant

EAT UP

to finish a meal; to eat all of something

EGG ON

to encourage someone greatly to do something (usually something bad)

END UP

to finally arrive at; to arrive at an unexpected place

END UP

to arrive somewhere as a result or consequence of one's actions

EVEN OUT

to make something equal

FACE UP TO

to admit to; take responsibility for to fall to the floor or ground

FALL DOWN

FALL THROUGH

FEEL UP TO

to not happen (Used for events that were planned but did not happen.) to feel strong enough or comfortable enough to do

it off when I leave. I can drop Jerry off on my way home. Did you hear? Brett dropped out of school last week. He decided to join the Navy. Let's eat out at the Hard Rock Cafe. Are you going to eat out tonight? The boys ate up all of the food in the refrigerator. Now we have nothing to eat. At first the guys were just having a small argument, but their friends egged them on until they started fighting. At first we got totally lost, but we finally ended up at the right restaurant. If you don't stop stealing, you'll end up in jail! We forgot our map and we ended up in Chicago! After my sister cut her hair by herself, we had to take her to a hairdresser to even her hair out. You need to face up to the truth. You are not doing a good job. Betty fell down and hurt her arm. Careful! The baby is going to fall down again! Our plans to go to the beach fell through because Sally couldn't go. Is your cold better now? Do you feel up to going to

27

FIGHT OFF

something to keep something or someone away to logically find the answer to a problem; solve a problem by thinking about it carefully

FIGURE OUT

FIGURE OUT

to understand why someone behaves a certain way

FILL IN

to add missing details

FILL IN

to supply information that someone doesn't know to temporarily do someone else's work; temporarily substitute for another person

FILL IN FOR

FILL OUT

to complete information on a form or application to gain weight and look healthy

FILL OUT

FILL UP

to fill completely

FIND OUT

to learn about something; get information; discover information

FIT IN

to get along with others in a group; be part of a group

work today? I'm trying to fight a cold off. Sara fought off her attackers. Did you figure that math problem out yet? I havent figured out what to do about my broken down car yet. Maybe Ill buy a new one. I just can't figure out why President Clinton did that! What a stupid thing to do! Have you figured out why he said that? It's not a good idea to fill your email address in on forms over the internet. What happened at the meeting? Can you fill me in please? The secretary filled in for his boss at the conference. Ill fill in for you. Go eat lunch. Ill see you in an hour. My brother filled a loan application out. He wants to buy a house. Arnold used to be a very small boy, but now he's really filled out. He's got muscles everywhere! You may borrow my car, but please fill up the gas tank before you return it. Can you find out where I need to go please? I found out where babies come from when I was 10 years old. Amy has few friends. She doesn't really fit in

28

FOOL AROUND GET ACROSS

N S

to have fun while wasting time to make something understood; communicate something understandably

GET AHEAD

to achieve success

GET ALONG WITH

to have a friendly relationship with

GET AROUND GET AROUND

N N

to move from place to place to avoid having to do something

GET AROUND TO

to finally do something; to do something eventually to try to prove or make clear

GET AT

GET AWAY

to escape

GET AWAY WITH

to escape punishment ;to avoid criticism to return to survive, financially, in a difficult situation to get revenge; seek revenge; repay in kind to enter to enter a small, closed

GET BACK GET BY

N N

GET EVEN WITH

GET IN GET IN

N N

with her classmates. It's a sad situation. We fooled around at Jack's house. Gary couldn't get his message across in Japanese. Finally he got the message across in English. After several slow business years, our company finally got ahead of the competition. Do you get along with your family? Cain didnt get along with Abel. Walter gets around town on his bicycle. The kids tried to get around doing the dishes, but they weren't successful. I'll get around to doing the laundry soon, but I'm busy right now. I couldn't understand what Gary was getting at. He didn't make any sense. Walter tried to get away from the office, but he had too much work to do. Edgar got away with stealing that money. He should have gone to jail! What time will you get back home tonight? After the fire, the family had to get by without a house. When Terry told a lie about me, I got even with him by telling the teacher. We have get in the elevator now. Sara got in her car and

29

vehicle GET IN GET INTO N N to arrive to become strongly involved with or deeply interested in

GET OFF GET OFF

N N

to dismount to be excused from work, class, or other regularly scheduled activities to finish your workday to receive a lesser punishment than what might be expected to leave a large, closed vehicle to enter a large, closed vehicle to mount something to upset; to make angry to leave a small, closed vehicle to avoid having to do something to recover from an illness or painful experience; overcome; surmount to finish (for individual activities, not repeated actions) to dispose of; give away or throw out

GET OFF GET OFF

N N

GET OFF GET ON GET ON GET ON GET OUT OF GET OUT OF

N N N N N N

GET OVER

GET OVER

GET RID OF

GET RID OF

to fire someone from a job; cause someone to leave; dismiss someone

drove away. The movie star got in the limousine. What time will your flight get in tonight? I'm sorry, I just can't get into the game right now. I'm thinking about work. Cher got off the horse, then took it to the barn. Pam got off work early because she had already finished her project. I get off at 5:30. Let's meet for dinner. Edgar got off easy after he stole that money. He should have gone to jail! Martin will get off the bus in Los Angeles. Quick! Get on the train it's about to leave. Let's go. Get on your bicycle. It's time to leave. That music is really getting on my nerves! Get out of the taxi now, because we're here! The kids tried to get out of doing the dishes, but they weren't successful. I hope Jeffrey gets over his cold soon. It took me a week to get over my sprained ankle. What time does the party get over? Class gets over at 12:30. Ill see you then. I think it's time to get rid of those shoes. They have too many holes in them! The manager got rid of the secretary because he wasn't doing his job

30

GET THROUGH

to move past a difficult time/place to meet; gather; assemble in a group to leave bed after sleeping and begin your daily activities to dispose of; get rid of or throw out to reveal a secret; tell information to return something to distribute to stop, quit, or abandon to stop a habit to seek; try to obtain something

GET TOGETHER GET UP

N N

GIVE AWAY

GIVE AWAY

GIVE BACK GIVE OUT GIVE UP GIVE UP GO AFTER

S S S S N

GO AHEAD

to give permission to proceed

GO AWAY

to leave; to command someone to leave to return

GO BACK

GO BACK ON

to betray, rescind one's word

GO DOWN GO FOR

N N

to decrease to try to secure or attain

properly. After John's wife died, he had to get through his sadness. Let's get together at Marta's apartment. When Steve got up this morning, it was still dark. What time do you usually get up? We gave our old sofa away when we bought a new one. Sam gave the surprise away when he talked to Lee. Please give me my book back. The manager gave the awards out at lunchtime. You can learn English! Don't give up! You'll get cancer if you don't give up smoking. I plan to go after the new position at work. Paul went after some milk at the store. Go ahead and take an early lunch. Students, you may go ahead and begin writing. I'll be going away on vacation for a while. I'll send you a postcard. Although he's forty-two, he's going back to the university to get his degree. He said he'd help me, but then he went back on his promise. I hope the gasoline prices go down soon! Every Olympic athlete wants to go for the gold.

31

GO FOR GO OUT

N N

to want something to have a date with; be in a relationship with someone

GO OUT WITH

to have a date with; be in a relationship with someone to examine to examine; to search

GO OVER GO THROUGH

N N

GO THROUGH

to perform; to carry out

GO THROUGH GO UP GO WITH

N N N

to experience to increase; to rise to coordinate; to look pleasing together

GO WITH

to date; to be in a steady relationship to waste time being lazy; do nothing in particular to change to fit something

GOOF OFF GROW INTO

N N

GROW UP HAND IN

N S

to change from child to adult; behave responsibly to submit work you have done

HAND OUT

to distribute

Each team wants to win. I could go for a big juicy cheeseburger right now! Do you know if Gwyneth Paltrow and Ben Affleck are going out? Or are they just friends? Do you know if Rita is going out with Samuel next Friday night? My supervisor went over my report carefully. The customs officer went through my bag. Parents often go through their kids rooms. The salesclerk went through her duties without thinking, and that's how she lost the money. I am going through a difficult time right now. The price of rent went up in January. Your shirt really goes with your eyes. His tie doesn't go with his shirt. Is Gwyneth Paltrow going with Ben Affleck? Or are they just friends? We goofed off last night. It was fun to relax. The babys shirt doesn't fit right now, but in six months, he'll grow into it. What do you want to be when you grow up? Harold handed his report in. His boss liked it. You must hand your homework in on Friday. The teacher always asks me to hand the homework papers out.

32

HANG AROUND HANG ON

N N

to have fun while wasting time to wait; to wait on the telephone

HANG OUT

to have fun while wasting time

HANG UP HANG UP

S S

to end a phone call to put away your clothes on a hanger to restrain

HOLD BACK

HOLD DOWN

to keep a job

HOLD ON HOLD UP

N S

to wait to raise; lift to a higherthan-normal position

HOLD UP

to delay; to cause a delay

HOLD UP

to rob; to steal

HURRY UP IRON OUT

S S

to go faster, to rush to reach an agreement; to resolve difficulties or problems to lift by using a jack

JACK UP

JACK UP

to raise prices (usually unfairly)

The local kids like to hang around the mall. Please hang on for a minute. I need to find a pen. Petra had to hang on for ten minutes. The local kids like to hang out at the mall. Are you hanging out with Frank today? My ex-husband hung up when I phoned him. Please hang your shirts up before they get wrinkled. That man was so rude! I had to hold myself back from hitting him! Jeremy just can't seem to hold a job down. Jon has held down the same job for ten years. Hold on a minute! I need to tie my shoe. Hold your arm up so I can fix this sleeve. Be proud of yourself. Hold your head up high. The traffic was so bad that it held me up for 2 hours. In New York, many people get held up every day. We need to hurry up and leave or we'll be late! Pablo and Lee will iron their difficulties out after the meeting. We'll need to jack the front of the car up before we can change the tire. During the rainstorm, the store jacked the price of

33

JOT DOWN

to write something down; take notes

JUMP ALL OVER

KEEP AWAY

to scold someone suddenly and severely; to berate someone suddenly to not allow to come near

KEEP ON

KEEP ON -ing KEEP UP WITH KEEP UP

N N

to continue to remind someone to do something until it is done (even if it angers the person); nag to continue to maintain contact with

to continue without interruption expel; force someone to leave because of his/her poor performance or unacceptable behavior to strike to the ground

KICK OUT

umbrellas up. Max jotted down Sarah's phone number. Jot your password down. Dont lose it. When my report was late, my supervisor jumped all over me. In stories and legends, garlic keeps vampires away. My boss always keeps on me. She thinks I'll forget my own name if she doesn't remind me! Keep on going! You can do it! I can't keep up with my brother when we go riding because he goes too fast. The rain kept up all night. I thought we'd have a flood. The health club kicked Frank out because he didn't pay his dues. The tornado knocked the house down. A monkey knocked some bananas down. During the storm, the door flew open and knocked me knocked down. I was slightly hurt. The fight ended when one boxer knocked the other one out. I feel bad for Jeremy. His company laid him off yesterday. I wish my aunt would lay off me. I'm tired of her complaining. Oh no! When I retyped my essay, I left one

KNOCK DOWN

KNOCK DOWN

to strike with a sharp blow

KNOCK OUT

to make unconscious

LAY OFF

LAY OFF

to dismiss from a job due to lack of work or money - often temporarily to leave someone alone

LEAVE OUT

to omit; forget to include

34

LET DOWN

to disappoint; to fall short of one's expectations to throw an object to dismiss someone from a job; to fire someone to release something to admit; to allow (obj.) to enter to reveal a secret to make acknowledgment

LET FLY LET GO

S S

LET GO LET IN LET ON ABOUT LET ON

S S N N

LET OUT

to conclude a session or performance

LET OUT LET OUT

S S

to allow (obj.) to exit to expand; to make larger (for clothes) to cease; to stop

LET UP

LIE DOWN LIE DOWN

N N

to recline to submit meekly or abjectly to defeat, disappointment, or insult to fail to perform or to neglect one's part deliberately to go stand in a line; to assume an orderly linear arrangement to lock the door so that

LIE DOWN

LINE UP

LOCK IN

paragraph out! The boys let their parents down when they ended up in jail. The baseball player let the ball fly. If Jeremy had done better work, his company wouldn't have let him go. Please let go of my books. I want to leave now. Kaye opened the door and let the cats in. Nobody let on about the surprise party. Frank didn't let on that he knew he was in trouble. He pretended that everything was fine. School will let out in June. The movie let out at 7:45 last night. Eric opened the door and let the cats out. The tailor let Mack's pants out because Mack had gained weight. Will this rain ever let up? It's been raining for two weeks! If you are tired, lie down on the sofa. Your friend insulted you? Don't take his insult lying down - tell him he is wrong about you! Jeremy was fired because he was lying down on the job. He never finished anything! The prisoners lined up to receive their dinner. The cars lined up at the traffic light. The prisoners are locked

35

someone can't leave

LOCK OUT

to lock the door so that someone can't enter (often done in anger)

LOOK AFTER

to take care of

LOOK AROUND

to explore an area

LOOK BACK ON

to think about the past; reflect; ponder

LOOK DOWN ON

to have no respect for something or someone; to consider inferior

LOOK FOR

to search

LOOK FORWARD TO

to anticipate something with joy; to think about a pleasant thing before it happens

LOOK IN ON

to visit someone in order to check on his/her condition

LOOK INTO

to research; investigate; find the truth about something

LOOK LIKE

to resemble

in the jail. They cannot get out until they serve their time. My brother came home late to find that my parents had locked him out of the house. He had to sleep outside! My sister looks after our children when we travel. Please look after my dog this weekend. Maxine went to Los Angeles and looked around the downtown area for 2 hours. On birthdays, many people like to look back on their life for the past year. Josephine looked down on the French people. She said, "Let them eat cake," but she didn't understand that they had no food at all. I spent two hours looking for my glasses before I found them. I am looking forward to my vacation. The students arent looking forward to their final exam in grammar class. I need to look in on my grandmother. She just got home from the hospital. I want to make sure she is OK. The police will look into the crime. My supervisor has already looked into the problem. Larry looks like his cousin

36

LOOK OVER

to check; review

LOOK OUT

to warn someone to be careful

LOOK OUT FOR

to take care of oneself

LOOK UP

to find information in a book; to seek out especially for a brief visit

LOOK UP

find where someone lives or works and visit him/her

LOOK UP TO

to respect something or someone

LUCK OUT

to be unexpectedly lucky

MAKE FUN OF

to make unkind jokes about someone; to tease someone; to mock; to ridicule

MAKE OUT

to find or grasp the meaning of; to see and identify with difficulty or effort; to decipher

MAKE OUT

to complete a printed form

Jack. My co-worker looked my report over before I gave it to the boss. Look out! - There's a car coming. He told me to look out for spiders in the garage. A) Why did President Clinton lie? B) He was just looking out for number one. If you don't understand the word, look it up in a dictionary. Look this up in an encyclopedia. My friend gave me her brother's address. When I'm in Utah next week, I'll be sure to look him up. He looks up to his grandfather. Many people looked up to Princess Diana. Jennifer wasn't prepared to make her speech in class, but she lucked out because the class was cancelled. The cruel children made fun of the man walking with a limp. Steve shouldnt make fun of my accent. It hurts my feelings! The doctor's writing was terrible. The nurse couldn't make out what he wrote. Can you read this? I cant make it out. Please make that check out to Kaye. She made the autograph out to me

37

MAKE OUT

to represent as being; to pretend to be true to invent a story

MAKE UP

MAKE UP

MAKE UP WITH

to compensate for missing work by doing extra or equivalent work to re-establish a friendly relationship by admitting guilt to reduce prices; to lower prices

MARK DOWN

MARK UP

to increase prices; to raise prices

MOVE ON MIX UP MIX UP NOD OFF

N S S N

to progress onward to confuse to blend together to fall asleep unintentionally (usually)

OPEN UP

to talk openly

PAN OUT

to succeed; to happen as expected - used for plans

PASS AWAY

to die

Sam made Barbara out to be ugly, but she's really quite pretty. Franz made up the most ridiculous excuse for being late. I'm sorry I missed the test. May I make it up tomorrow? Sally and Sara, you must make up with each other. It's not nice for sisters to fight. I hope the clothing store marks that jacket down soon. I want to buy it, but it is too expensive. The clothing store will probably mark that jacket up. They always mark the things I like up! The meeting moved on at a slow pace. Peter always mixes up there and their. Directions: Mix two eggs up with some milk. The movie was so boring that several people nodded off in the middle of it! A) What time did you go to sleep last night? B) I nodded off on the sofa around 8:30. Susan really opened up to me about her family situation. I think she needed to talk to someone. A) Weren't you planning to publish a book? B) Yes, but the deal didn't pan out. The patient passed away at 5:07 pm.

38

PASS OFF

to pretend that work is yours

PASS OUT PASS OUT

S N

to distribute to lose consciousness; to faint

PAY BACK

to repay a loan or a deed

PAY OFF

to bribe someone; to pay someone in order to avoid trouble

PAY OFF

to completely pay all of the money you owe to shoot or bring down especially one by one

PICK OFF

PICK ON

to intentionally try to make someone upset; to bully someone to choose; to select

PICK OUT

PICK UP

to lift; to take up

PICK UP PICK UP PICK UP

S S S

to give someone a ride to buy; to get to revitalize; to refresh

PITCH IN

to work together; to help; to

When did your grandfather pass away? Dan tried to pass a Shakespeare poem off as his own. What an idiot! The teacher passed the test papers out. Tom drank too much beer. He passed out around 9:00 and didn't wake up until the morning. Stupid! Jan shouldn't have told them my secret. I will pay her back one of these days! In some countries you can pay off the police. You shouldnt try to pay a teacher off for a good grade. If I won the lotto, I'd pay all of my bills off. Then I'd buy a house! Max really knows how to shoot. He picked the targets off with no trouble at all! It's not nice to pick on people, but kids do it all the time. Hey! Stop picking on me! When you go to the store, please pick out a good melon for dessert. Please pick your books up from the dinner table now. I can pick you up for work at 7:30, ok? I need to pick up some eggs at the store. I felt much better after I ate lunch. It really picked me up. The villagers pitched in

39

join together to accomplish something

PLAY DOWN

to make something seem less important

PRINT OUT PULL AWAY FROM

S N

to print something from a computer to move off or ahead

PULL DOWN PULL OFF

S N

to pull something so that it comes down to escape punishment; to avoid criticism to drive a vehicle to the side of the road to work together; to help; to join together to accomplish something to return something to its proper place to replace something where it was previously to insult someone

PULL OVER

PULL TOGETHER

PUT AWAY

PUT BACK

PUT DOWN

PUT DOWN

to kill a sick or injured animal for mercy reasons

PUT OFF

to postpone; to delay

PUT ON

to dress oneself; to don

and built a community house in only two days. If we all pitch in, well finish sooner. Sara played the award down, but she really should be proud of herself. Please print my composition out for me. The speeding car pulled away from the police car. My parents are pulling away from each other. I hope they don't get a divorce. Bobby! Don't pull your pants down outside! Edgar pulled off the bank robbery. He never got caught! The police officer pulled me over and gave me a ticket for speeding. The community pulled together and cleaned up their town last weekend. Please put your books away. It's time for dinner now. If you're finished with my dictionary, can you please put it back? It's not nice to put people down, but kids do it all the time. When the dog was injured by the car, the veterinarian said it was necessary to put him down. Many students put off doing their homework until it's too late. Put your coat on or you'll get cold outside.

40

PUT ON PUT ON

S S

to gain weight to mislead someone for amusement; to try to make someone believe something ridiculous or untrue

PUT OUT PUT OUT

S S

to extinguish to inconvenience someone; to cause difficulties for someone

PUT OUT

to publish; to issue

PUT UP PUT UP

S S

PUT UP

to return something to its proper place to give food and shelter; to provide someone with a place to sleep to preserve for future use; to can; to make preserves

PUT UP WITH

to tolerate; to endure

QUIET DOWN

to be less noisy

RIP OFF

ROUND OFF

to cheat; to steal; to take advantage of; to charge too much to change from a fraction to the nearest whole number

RUN ACROSS

to find something unexpectedly; to discover by chance

Steve looks like he is putting a little weight on. Don't believe a word of what Sara was saying. She was just putting us on! A) Did you hear about the four-legged chicken? B) Theres no such thing! Youre putting me on! The fire fighters put the fire out. I'm sorry to put you out, but can you give me a ride to the train station? Youre not putting me out. Id be happy to help. Did you know that People Magazine is put out by the same company as Time Magazine? Please put your books up. It's time for dinner now. Don't get a hotel room! I'd be happy to put you up! My grandma Ruby used to put tomato juice up every summer. It tasted really good! I don't like to put up with noisy children. Dont put up with his teasing! Hey children, please quiet down. I'm trying to watch TV. Someone ripped Jacks motorcycle off when he was at work. Round all sums off to the closest whole number. For example, round off 78.9% to 79%. I ran across an old love letter when I was cleaning my room. It was such a

41

RUN AFTER

to pursue; to chase

RUN ALONG

to go away; to be on one's way

RUN AWAY

to escape from your guardians; to leave home secretly

RUN DOWN

to cease to operate because of the exhaustion of motive power

RUN DOWN

to decline in physical condition or vigor

RUN IN

to arrest for a usually minor offense to meet by chance; to see someone you know unexpectedly to chase (obj.) away.

RUN INTO

RUN OFF

RUN OFF WITH

to steal; to carry off

RUN OUT OF RUN OVER RUN THROUGH

N S N

to use the last of; to finish the supply of something to hit (obj.) with a vehicle to spend or consume wastefully and rapidly to increase a total amount

RUN UP

surprise. I thought I'd burned them all! The police were running after a bank robber when they accidentally hit my car. Thanks for the tea. I have to run along now. Run along children. Go home. The Boxcar Children is a fun book about 5 kids who ran away from home and traveled around in the boxcar of a train. The radio isn't working because the batteries have run down. We need to buy some more batteries. I'm feeling very run down this week. I hope I'm not getting sick. Maybe I need some vitamins. The police ran Jeff in yesterday. He had twelve unpaid parking tickets! When Sara went shopping, she ran into Julia Roberts. Sara was too surprised to speak. That crazy dog ran the bear off. I couldn't believe my eyes! The kids ran off with some candy from the store. We ran out of milk, so we had to go to the market. Did you hear? Some idiot ran Stephen King over! Some people can run through money like it grows on trees. Some people run their

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RUSH IN RUSH OUT

N N

to enter quickly to exit quickly

SAVE UP

to collect money for future use

SELL OUT

to sell the entire supply of something to return something to cause a delay in scheduling

SEND BACK SET BACK

S S

SET BACK SET OFF SET OFF

S S N

to cost money to set in motion; to cause to begin to leave; to depart

SET UP

to start, organize, or configure to make arrangements for something to start living a quiet family life

SET UP

SETTLE DOWN

SETTLE DOWN

to get someone to quiet down

SHAKE OFF

to free oneself from

SHAKE UP

to stir someone's feelings; to

credit card bills up so high that they can't pay them at the end of the month. We rushed in because we were late. The workers rushed out because it was time to go home. Mimi and Charles are saving up for a new car. You must save money up if you want to travel. The tickets to the Rolling Stones concert have been sold out. We can't go. I sent the box back because I didn't order it. There is a problem with the report that has set us back at least two days. How much did your new coat set you back? The crazy man set a bomb off. We set off to Los Angeles early to avoid the traffic. Jenny talked to Elizabeth about setting her computer up. I'm going to set a meeting up for 9:30. Will you be able to attend? You're already 30 years old. It's time for you to settle down and get married. We need to settle the baby down. The neighbors are trying to sleep. Are you ever going to shake that cold off? You've been sick for three weeks! Patrick was really shaken

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upset someone SHAKE UP SHAKE UP S S to jar or jolt to reorganize something on a large scale

SHAVE OFF

to remove hair by shaving

SHOOT DOWN

to make something hit the ground by shooting it to reject an idea, suggestion or proposal to go to many different merchants to find the best price to try to impress by doing or showing something

SHOOT DOWN

SHOP AROUND

SHOW OFF

SHOW OFF

to display something to impress others to arrive; to appear

SHOW UP

SHOW UP

to do a noticeably better job than someone else

SHUT OFF

to turn something off; to stop a machine

SIMMER DOWN

to become less angry

SIT AROUND

to just sit, not doing much

up when he saw the bank robber. The collision shook up both drivers. The company shook the management structure up and fired a lot of employees. Why did Sinead O'Conner shave all her hair off? The pilot shot down an enemy airplane in the old war movie last night. Danielle shot Pablo down when he asked her to go out on a date with him. I really like this suit, but I am going to shop around to see if I can find a better price. Brett rode his bicycle off the stairs to show off. Too bad he broke his arm! Some parents dress their kids in expensive clothes to show them off. Your supervisor was very upset when you didn't show up for the meeting. Where were you? Everyone thought the red team would win, but the blue team won. They really showed them up. Bill shut the gas off after the earthquake. Please shut the TV off now. Steve let his wife simmer down before he asked her for forgiveness. A) What did you do last weekend? B) Not much. I just sat

44

SLIP UP

to make a mistake

SPEAK UP SPLIT UP STAND FOR STAND FOR

N S N N

to speak more loudly to divide to represent to tolerate; permit

STAND IN FOR

to take someone's place

STAND OUT

to be noticeably better than other similar people or things

STAND UP

to make a date but not keep it

STAND UP

to rise to a standing position

STAY IN

to not go out; to remain at home to remain away from home for the evening; to not return home to resemble

STAY OUT

TAKE AFTER

TAKE APART

to dismantle or disassemble

TAKE BACK

to retrieve something you gave or said

around and watched TV. You slipped up when you told Sara about her surprise party. You shouldn't have done that. You should speak up in class. We cant hear you. The bank robbers split the money up equally. A.S.A.P. stands for as soon as possible. The manager won't stand for his workers to be late. He fires anyone who comes late more than 3 times. In old times, the oldest brother could stand in for his father when he went to war. Pam's work really stands out from the other employees. Her work is excellent. Peter planned to go dancing with Mary, but she stood him up and went with Carlos instead. When the President entered the room, everyone stood up. Barry decided to stay in this weekend because it was raining. Would you get angry if your son stayed out all night? Pat takes after his mother. They are both short and blonde. Martin took his watch apart, but he couldn't put it back together. My friend gave me a gift, but then he rudely took it back!

45

TAKE BACK

to return something to a store to provide care for; to watch one's health

TAKE CARE OF

TAKE CARE OF

to take responsibility for; to make arrangements

TAKE OFF TAKE OFF TAKE OFF

N S S

to depart; to leave to remove clothes to be absent from work

TAKE OUT

to go somewhere with a friend; to invite someone on a date to remove something from an enclosed place

TAKE OUT

TAKE OVER

to gain control of

TAKE UP

to begin a new hobby

TALK INTO

to persuade to do something

TALK OUT OF

to persuade not to do something

TEAR AWAY

to remove oneself reluctantly

TEAR DOWN

to dismantle; to disassemble

Pam took the radio back to the store because it was broken. I have been taking care of my sister since she returned home from the hospital. A) I need to wash the dishes. B) No, no. Let me take care of them. The flight to Bermuda took off at 6 p.m. Take your coat off and stay a while. I'm taking next week off, so hold my messages please. Frank took his supervisor out for dinner. Steve took Mary out three times last week. Please take your books out and turn to page 47. Take your hands out of your pockets now! Do you think Bill Gates is trying to take over the world? Betty took knitting up last month and she made me a sweater. Peter talked Mary into helping him move. He convinced her to help him. Mary talked Peter out of moving. Peter is going to stay in his current apartment. Romeo had to tear himself away from Juliet because their families didnt approve. The old hotel was torn down last year. Are they going to tear

46

TEAR OFF

to remove something by tearing to remove something from a book by tearing to damage, remove, or make an opening in to speak to someone bluntly and negatively, saying exactly what she or he did wrong

TEAR OUT

TEAR UP

TELL OFF

THINK OVER

to contemplate; to give something a lot of thought

THROW AWAY

to discard as trash; to put in the garbage to discard as trash; to put in the garbage to forcibly make someone leave

THROW OUT

THROW OUT

THROW UP TICK OFF TICK OFF

S S S

to vomit to make someone angry; to irritate someone to make a mark to indicate that something on a list has been completed

TIP OFF

to inform

TRY ON

to put clothes on to see if they fit

the Fox Theater down? The soccer player tore his shirt off when his team won the game. Don't tear the pages out of your book. You'll ruin it! The construction workers tore the street up to install a new water pipe. The supervisor told Frank off in front of the entire office. The judge told off the lawyer in the middle of the courthouse. Before making an important decision, you should think it over for a long time. Don't throw these documents away because we'll need them later. Please throw the old newspapers out and clean up the living room. Those guys are drunk and theyre making everyone feel uncomfortable. The manager should throw them out. Ulysses threw his lunch up all over his desk. Yuck! When people smoke near me, it really ticks me off! The teacher ticked the student's homework off as she handed it in. She ticked off the items as she bought groceries. Martin tipped the police off about the bank robbers' location. Terry tried the blue sweater on, but it was too big.

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TRY OUT

to use an item briefly to determine how well it works; to test to see if something is suitable to audition; to try to win a place on a team move so that you are facing the opposite direction to make changes for the better

TRY OUT

TURN AROUND TURN AROUND

TURN DOWN TURN DOWN

S S

to decrease the volume of something to decline; to reject

TURN IN TURN IN TURN IN

N S S

to go to bed to submit or give work done for someone to report wrongdoers to the authorities to stop a machine or electrical device to disgust; to repel to start a machine or electrical device to appear unexpectedly

TURN OFF TURN OFF TURN ON TURN UP

S S S N

TURN UP USE UP

S S

to increase the volume of something to use the last of; to finish the supply of something to wait until someone or something arrives; to wait until someone or something is

WAIT ON

I'd like to try a Mac computer out. I've never used one before. Have you ever tried out a mountain bike? Billy tried out for the basketball team, but he was too short. I would like my desk to face the window. Will you help me turn it around? The drug addict really turned his life around. He's a best-selling author now. Turn the radio down before you wake the dead! When Tina turned Patrick down for a date, poor Patrick's heart was broken. I'm pretty tired. I'm going to turn in now. I turned the report in to my manager. The witness turned the robber in. Now he's going to get a reward. Please turn off the lights when you leave the room. People who smoke really turn me off. Turn on the TV please. I want to watch the news. We were all surprised when Julia Roberts turned up at the party! Please turn up the TV. I can't hear it. We used all the milk up, so we had to go to the market. I've been waiting on the bus for almost an hour! Francine waited on her

48

finished.

WAIT ON

to serve

WAKE UP

to stop sleeping

WALK OUT

to leave as a sign of protest

WATCH OUT

to be careful of; beware of

WATER DOWN

to make weaker by adding water

WEAR DOWN

to become weary from persistent resistance or pressure; to cause to be worn or weak

WEAR OFF

to no longer affect someone

WEAR OUT

WEAR OUT

to wear something / use something until it can no longer be worn / be used to cause to become exhausted; cause to become very tired

WHIP UP

to create quickly

WORK ON

to practice in order to improve

friends for 20 minutes before she gave up and went home. A) Who is your waitress? B) I think Betty is waiting on us today. Wake the kids up please, or they'll be late for school. The workers walked out to protest the new contract. There's a lot of roadwork in the area. Watch out for holes in the street. Some bartenders water down the drinks they make in order to save money and cheat the customers. Your constant complaining is wearing us down. The heel of my shoe has worn down. I need to get it repaired. My medicine is wearing off. I need to take some more. I need to get some new shoes. This pair is almost completely worn out. The children wore me out today. It's your turn to watch them! Swimming for a long time can wear you out. A) Where did you get this delicious cake? B) I whipped it up myself! A) Why do you keep repeating those words? B) I'm working on my pronunciation.

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WORK OUT

to exercise

WORK OUT

to resolve a difficult situation; to solve a problem to put something around (obj.) to get warm; to wear enough clothes to keep warm

WRAP UP

WRAP UP WRITE DOWN WRITE UP

S S S

to finish something; bring something to a conclusion to record something in writing to make a report in writing

A) Where is Amy? B) She's working out at the gym. My husband and I need to work things out in our relationship. A) Why are you wrapped up in that blanket? B) I'm freezing! I think I have a fever. Wrap your hands up in this scarf. Let's wrap our discussion up and go get dinner. Did you write the phone number down? I've already written the report up. I'm leaving now.

PRACTICE ONE: Choose the correct phrasal verb to replace the underlined words. Then rewrite each sentence on the line below. Example: The children behaved badly when the teacher left the room. (sat around | acted up) The children acted up when the teacher left the room Exercises: 1. Don behaves as if he doesn't like me, but I know he is pretending! (acts like | talks about ) ______________________________________________________________________ 2. A) I'm cooking hamburgers for dinner. Are five hamburgers enough? B) No, you'd better make an increase of three more. I invited my brother to dinner. (put off | add on) ______________________________________________________________________ 3. My car is working improperly today. I need to take it to the mechanic. (taking care of | acting up) ______________________________________________________________________ 4. Jenny completely cleaned the dirty dishes and the leftover food after dinner. (cleaned up | chipped in) _________________________________________________________________________ 5. Hilda followed the borrowing procedures for a book on origami at the library yesterday. (took up | checked out) _________________________________________________________________________ 50

6. All of the employees added money to buy our boss a gift. (acted like | chipped in ) ______________________________________________________________________ 7. The patient has finally regained consciousness. He was in a coma for a week. (came up with | came to) ______________________________________________________________________ 8. Last night we had a meal in a restaurant. The food there was delicious. (ate out | ate up) ______________________________________________________________________ 9. Peter doesnt feel well. He is trying to keep away a bad cold. (back off | fight off) _________________________________________________________________________ 10. Helga is having fun while wasting time at the coffee shop with her friends. (hanging out | hanging up) _________________________________________________________________________

PRACTICE TWO: MATCHING

Match the meanings on the left with the phrasal verbs on the right.

1. D 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

remove clothes start living a quiet family life fall asleep unintentionally insult someone make something seem less important serve go stand in a line to wait talk openly put on formal clothing add missing details be less noisy encourage someone to do something cancel something invent a story

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O

WAIT ON OPEN UP HOLD ON TAKE OFF CALL OFF MAKE UP QUIET DOWN FILL IN EGG ON PLAY DOWN LINE UP SETTLE DOWN DRESS UP PUT DOWN NOD OFF

51

PRACTICE THREE: OPPOSITES Select the opposites on the left with the phrasal verbs on the right. 1. E 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. PUT ON BREAK UP WITH TURN ON GROW UP STAY IN JACK UP STAND UP MIX UP NOD OFF COME TO PICK UP RUSH IN SIMMER DOWN CHECK OUT SIT AROUND A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O PASS OUT GO OUT FIGURE OUT WAKE UP TAKE OFF ACT UP RUSH OUT WORK OUT SIT DOWN CHECK IN GO OUT WITH BLOW UP SHUT OFF PUT DOWN MARK DOWN

PRACTICE FOUR: Rewrite the sentences by: A) separating the phrasal verb, and B) using a pronoun. Example: I found out the answer. a) I found the answer out . b) I found it out Exercises: 1. I called up my sister yesterday. a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________ 2. Please look over your test papers. a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________ 3. Did you take out the garbage? a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________ 4. Lets try out the new video games. a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________ 5. Please clean up your bedroom. a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________ 6. Amy called off the birthday party. a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________ 7. Bonnie will give away her old jacket. a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________ 8. Round off all sums to the closest whole number. a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________ 9. Somebody ran over the flowers. a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________ 52

10. I've already written up the sales reports. a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________ 11. We added on a bedroom to our house. a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________ 12. Chris has been buttering up his boss all week. a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________ 13. I cut out Prince Williams picture. a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________ 14. Frank will pay off his debts. a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________ 15. Please hang up the phone. a)__________________________________ b) __________________________________

PRACTICE FIVE: SENTENCE COMPLETION

Complete the phrasal verbs in the sentences below. Use each word once:

__up __away __up __over __back __down __on __up X down __into __lie __fill __turn __chickened __pick

1. E.g. Kaye wrote my phone number down. 2. Would you look that word _______ in the dictionary please? 3. Have you put your clothes _______ yet? 4. You should also hang your jacket _______ in the closet. 5. Poor Daisy hasnt gotten _______ the flu yet. Shes been sick for a week. 6. Its dark in here. Please turn _______ the lights. 7. I ran _______ my friend at the grocery store. What a nice surprise! 8. That child was very rude! I had to hold myself _______ from scolding him! 9. The snow kept _______ all week. We got snowed in. 10. In the Chicago fire, many buildings and houses burned _______. 11. Please _______ up your shoes and socks and put them away. 12. I cant hear the TV. Im going to _______ it up. 13. Earl got scared. He_______ out when it was his turn to give a speech. 14. We need to get some gas in the car. Lets _______ up the tank completely. 15. If you are tired, you should _______ down and take a nap.

53

PRACTICE SIX: MULTIPLE CHOICE Choose the correct answer for each sentence: Example: The people backed away as the robber came into the bank. a) down b) over c) on d) away 1. The media seems to enjoy digging ___ false information about celebrities. a) up b) over c) into d) down 2. My mother was angry because I didnt clean ___ my dirty bedroom! a) on b) away c) down d) up 3. What time does your plane take ___ ? a) over b) off c) in d) away 4. The doctor filled ____ for the nurse during the examination. a) on b) in c) up d) into 5. Do you think the brothers will be able to iron ___ their differences? a) up b) into c) out d) down 6. Parents must take care ___ their children. a) over b) away c) in d) of 7. When my sister came home late, our parents jumped all ___ her. a) over b) in c) down d) up 8. The school kicked Corey ___ because he was failing all his classes. a) away b) over c) up d) out 9. Jack will mix ___ the paint for you. a) over b) down c) up d) into 10. We used all the gasoline ___, so we had to go to the gas station. a) over b) up c) down d) away

PRACTICE SEVEN: ERROR CORRECTION Directions: Correct the errors in the sentences below: (put) Example: Martin took his watch up, but he couldn't apart it back together. 1. My homework is due tomorrow. Will you please bring my book away today? 2. All of their clothes and pictures burned down in the fire. 3. When the electricity failed, I called on for help. 4. Tyron dropped by school last week. He decided to join the Navy. 5. Your picture is crooked. Even over the edges to make it neater. 6. My brother filled a loan application up. He wants to buy a new car. 7. Julia gave the secret out when she talked to Gina. 8. The price of fuel has gone under every year since 1997. 9. Please hurry away, or we'll be late! 10. When Ulysses caught the flu, he threw his breakfast over. Yuck! 54

11. The racing car pulled up from the other cars. 12. Put your coat away before you go outside, or you'll get cold. 13. I dont feel very well. I'm feeling very run over this week. 14. Watch over! Theres a truck coming! 15. On Saturday, Kristin went to the art museum and looked up for 3 hours.

PRACTICE EIGHT: TENSE PRACTICE Change these sentences to simple past tense. Make any necessary changes: Example: Every Saturday Don and Sara work out. Then they eat out together. Last Saturday Don and Sara worked out. Then they went out together. 1. Kevin, take your coat off and stay a while. Last night ______________________________________________________ 2. When Max jots down a phone number, he uses a pencil, not a pen. Yesterday ______________________________________________________ 3. Harold hands his work in on time. Last week ______________________________________________________ 4. The passengers get on the bus at First Street. They get off the bus at Main. Yesterday ______________________________________________________ 5. Every year, our clothing designer dreams a lot of new fashions up. Last year ______________________________________________________

PRACTICE NINE: MODAL PRACTICE Add a modal to these sentences. Make any necessary changes: Example: My friend / dress up / for work tomorrow / might My friend might dress up for work tomorrow. 1. Elizabeth / figure out / that math problem / cant . _____________________________________________________________ 2. I think / that / Darren / end up / in jail / eventually / will . _____________________________________________________________ 3. Kelly and Patrick / make up / and stop fighting / should ! _____________________________________________________________ 4. I / to check in / please / would like . _____________________________________________________________ 5. you / fill out / this application / please / Could ? PRACTICE TEN: MORE PHRASAL VERBS Directions: Now use your notebook to write down any other phrasal verbs that you discover on your own. 55

Unit 11: What do you want to be when you grow up? Lets check if we are already able to understand the next article: Introduction The Evolving Answer Know Thyself? Knowledge is Power? Veterinarian Technician/Photographer/Counseling Psychologist The Entrepreneur Early Career Goals "So, what do you want to be when you grow up?" Like nearly every young person, I was asked this question repeatedly while growing up, and for a brief period of time I thought I knew the answer. The only job I could see myself doing for the rest of my life involved finding lost treasure and chasing down bad guys. I thought the work uniform for this occupation consisted of a leather jacket, a fedora hat, and a bullwhip on the hip. Job benefits included lots of world travel and always getting the girl. That's right, I wanted to be an archeologist --- Indiana Jones style. Dim the houselights and cue the John Williams movie score. The Evolving Answer As I grew older, career exploration helped me realize that archeologists really spend more of their time sorting, measuring, and categorizing their findings (which usually are not made out of gold) and less time getting into fisticuffs with the bad guys. In high school, I realized through career education that there were a lot of opportunities for accountants, an occupation requiring skills that I had a knack for and that paid pretty well. By graduation, I was ready to hang up the wide-brimmed fedora and put on the green eyeshades. Well, I never did become an archeologist or an accountant, but isn't it normal for people to imagine growing up and working their dream job, only to grow up and be perfectly content working in a completely different occupation? Experts who help teenagers plan their careers agree this is often the case, but there is no way to really measure how often people change their career plans. The best way to find out what career goals people are starting with is by asking them early on in their careers. Know Thyself? So, what do high school students want to be when they grow up? According to Meg Kilmer, the Career Center Director at Parkrose High School, it can be pretty stressful to be asked this question. "It's hard for young people because they only know the world around them, which usually includes television and what their parents do." Through her role at the high school's career center, Meg helps young people begin their career development. The Oregon State Board of Education recently changed the state's high school graduation requirements beginning with the graduating class of 2010. As part of the change, students are now required to receive career-related education and experience in order to graduate. These requirements are designed to increase a student's career maturity and their ability to be successful in their chosen career. 56

When students are just beginning their career exploration, their first response to the question is often a career that has a certain appeal. Kilmer lists video game designer, veterinarian, fashion designer, and fire fighter as the most popular career goals of today's high school students - at least early on in their career exploration. At Parkrose, students can meet part of their required career exploration requirement through workplace field trips, internships, or a four-hour job shadow of someone at their workplace. According to Kilmer, the goal of the career exploration is to get students to look at occupations from a different point of view. Career goals can be heavily influenced by culture and surroundings. For example, some of Kilmer's students are interested in careers in forensic science because of the popularity of television police dramas like CSI. Getting some outside experience and knowledge about an occupation helps students get a better understanding of a job's requirements, which sometimes causes them to change their plans. "Most students interested in CSI don't really want to major in chemistry," she says, which is usually required for a career in forensic science. Once they realize this, many students end up looking into something else. According to Kilmer, students have an inkling of what their skills are and end up using their skills throughout their career. Her tips for high school students are: Know thyself, and learn about the world of work. Knowing yourself and being honest about your likes and dislikes will help you find a career that you find rewarding. Learning about the world of work helps you gain the skills that will help you be successful at your chosen career. The world of work is ever changing and there is no way to tell what sort of working world today's teens will create. A lot of grownups work in industries that did not even exist when they were in high school. Kilmer recommends that students develop their soft skills, things like how to think, write, speak, play nice, and how to take personal responsibility. These skills will always be in demand. Although learning about career development is important for young people, perhaps having a surefire answer to the big question is not essential. "If people ask you what you want to be when you grow up," advises Kilmer "say happy." Knowledge is Power? So, what do kids at other high schools want to be when they grow up? Lonnie Martinez is an Oregon Employment Department employee who works out of the Tualatin WorkSource Oregon office. As a business services and youth representative, Lonnie's job is to help young people prepare to enter the workforce. He travels to area high schools and speaks to career exploration classes. "I prepare them to go out and look for work," says Martinez. He gets students to start thinking about careers and gives them the information they need to make informed decisions. "Otherwise they are just throwing a dart and not knowing where it will land." Martinez shows students how to find information about different occupations, how to write a rsum, and the importance of giving good interviews. "Most of them have heard it all 57

before, either from their parents or teachers," he says. Sometimes it just helps to have someone who works closely with businesses reemphasize the importance of these skills. Among the students that Martinez talks with, high tech jobs are still popular. Other popular occupations are engineers, video game designers, pediatricians, police officers, and firefighters. "I rarely hear about interest in retail or food service jobs," says Martinez about some of the less popular career goals. "A lot of these kids don't realize though that they can make a living being a welder." As he gives students the knowledge to make informed career decisions, Martinez imparts these four bits of advice: Knowledge is power Time is money You never get a second chance to make a first impression, and Skills pay the bills The knowledge refers to career information. Time implies that teens need to be planning now for their careers. The first impression refers to having an attractive rsum and being prepared for interviews. The skills that pay the bills refer to the technical skills that are needed in most occupations, as well as the all important soft skills such as customer service and how to be a "people person." Martinez encourages parents to give their teens all the career information they can and to encourage their teens to go out and get that first job. "This will get them exposed to those soft skills they need to be competitive in the workforce," he adds. Veterinarian Technician/Photographer/Counseling Psychologist So, having a job as a teen will help high school students prepare, but what do they want to do when they grow up? To help learn how high school students are answering the question, Martinez passed around some blank pieces of paper to students at a couple of the schools that he regularly visits. The students were asked to write down what they wanted to be when they grow up. He then collected the papers at the end of his presentation. This very unscientific survey allowed the students to provide an anonymous and candid answer to the question, and revealed some interesting insight into the aspirations of today's high school students. Of the nearly 200 responses from students, one-fifth are considering careers in the health care industry, such as becoming doctors, nurses, or physical therapists. Another fifth of the students are thinking about occupations relating to the arts, such as photographers, actors, or athletes. One-tenth of the students are interested in becoming teachers. The other 50 percent of the students have career goals that span the occupational alphabet from accountant to zoologist. Categorizing the career goals of teenagers is no easy task. Many students who are obviously wrestling with the big questions (or planning multiple careers) listed more than one occupation. One student displayed a broad range of career interests by putting down 'veterinarian technician/photographer/counseling psychologist' as a career goal. Another wrote down "I want to take over the world (or be a writer)." A comedy writer perhaps? 58

The students' responses reveal what careers a small sample of Oregon students are thinking about, but the variety does not represent the type of jobs currently in Oregon's economy. Graph 1 shows the students' mix of occupational goals by broad category. Graph 2 shows Oregon's current occupational mix. The students show a strong interest in professional and health care related occupations. Currently, those jobs make up less than a quarter of the statewide total. Some common occupations do not seem to be popular with the students, such as those in office support or production. Table 1 shows some of the popular career goals from the survey, along with projected annual openings, average wages, and minimum educational requirements. The occupations that are popular with today's teenagers tend to pay well and require a lot of education. Some of the occupations, such as postsecondary teachers and accountants, will have a lot of openings in the near future. Others, such as forensic scientist and fashion designer, will have far fewer openings when today's teens are ready to apply. Table 1 Career Goals of Oregon High School Students Tend to be High Paying and Require Education and Training Occupation Accountant* Computers Programmers* Applications Software Systems Software Fashion Designer* Fire Fighter Forensic Scientist Photographer* Physician or Surgeon* Police Officer Teacher Preschool Elementary High School Postsecondary Veterinarian* Projected Annual Openings 511 158 287 64 24 132 11 5 371 179 281 467 435 317 42 Annual Average Wage $63,018 $70,644 $88,643 $104,005 $66,544 $52,248 $57,887 $39,534 $180,390 $59,088 $25,017 $52,549 $52,919 $77,289 $80,788 Educational Requirement Bachelor's degree Bachelor's degree Bachelor's degree Bachelor's degree Bachelor's degree Postsecondary training Bachelor's degree On-the-job training Professional degree On-the-job training Associate degree Bachelor's degree Bachelor's degree Master's degree Professional degree

* Self-employment is estimated to be 10% or greater for this occupation Source: Oregon Employment Department and Bureau of Labor Statistics 59

Graph 1

Graph 2

The Entrepreneur So teenagers in general want to be a wide variety of things when they grow up, but what happens when you ask just one? I asked Robbie Federico, a student at Cascade High School, what he wants to be when he grows up. "I definitely want to go to college and then open my own business," he answered without hesitation. Although he has yet to settle on all the details, Federico plans to study business management in college and then start a business relating to cars or sports. 60

"I know being an entrepreneur will be hard when I'm young," Federico acknowledges, "but then it should get easier as I get older." In school, he participates in an advisory period as part of the career-related learning requirement. Students in the class plan their futures by writing down goals each year and seeing if they've met the previous year's goals. "It helps to keep you on track," explains Federico. While the young entrepreneur learns about business from his dad and discusses career options with friends, he is also getting hands-on career experience by working a variety of jobs. Although he's only about to start his junior year, Federico has already worked jobs mowing lawns, fixing tractors, being a waiter and detailing cars. His future plans may not yet be set in stone, but the fact that he is already working on will help to ensure his success. Early Career Goals So, now that we have a pretty good idea about what today's high school students want to be when they grow up, it seems like a good idea to ask the career planning experts what they wanted to be when they grew up. When Meg Kilmer was in high school, she wanted to be a journalist. In a way she is a very specialized journalist, reporting the latest career news to an audience of students and parents who need the information. She still writes for her school newsletter, proving you can use the skills you developed as a youth in any career. When Lonnie Martinez was in high school, he really had no idea what he wanted to be. While working as a dishwasher in a restaurant he noticed that the cook was respected for his culinary expertise. Martinez decided to become a cook, which he did for a few years. He is now respected for his expertise about local businesses and the local labor force. Now the final question remains: "What do you want to be when you grow up?" Oregon Employment Department This is a very interesting article about one of the most important topics for our lives. Please, dear students, with your teachers help, do the next exercises trying to discuss and expose security and fluently your points of view. Share life experiences that can provide better ideas for the future of everyone in your group. 1) What do you do nowadays? 2) How many jobs have you had? 3) What was your first job? 4) Why did you choose it? 5) Did you get better at this job? 6) Did you change of activity? 7) Why? 8) Do you like what you do right now? 9) What would you like to do? 10) What would you need to have a better way of life? 61

Unit 12: Introduction to TOEIC

Informacin sobre el examen TOEIC

Qu es el examen TOEIC? El examen TOEIC es una prueba de dominio del idioma ingls para personas cuya lengua materna es distinta al ingls. Las puntuaciones en el examen TOEIC indican qu tambin se puede comunicar el individuo en ingls con otras personas en el entorno laboral. El examen no requiere conocimientos ni vocabulario especializados; nicamente evala el tipo de ingls utilizado en las actividades diarias. El examen TOEIC es la prueba ms utilizada a nivel mundial para el dominio del ingls en el ambiente laboral. Ms de 9,000 empresas e instituciones alrededor del mundo lo aplican, y cada ao ms de 5 millones de personas lo toman. Cmo es el examen TOEIC? El examen TOEIC es unja prueba de opcin mltiple que se resuelve con lpiz y papel en un transcurso de dos horas, y que consiste en dos secciones a las que se les toma por separado el tiempo.
Seccin 1: Comprensin Auditiva

Esta seccin consiste de 100 preguntas y se divide en cuatro partes. La persona escucha una diversidad de oraciones, preguntas, conversaciones cortas y plticas cortas, resolviendo despus las preguntas sobre el material escuchado. La seccin completa de Comprensin Auditiva requiere aproximadamente 45 minutos. Parte 1: Fotografas Parte 2: Preguntas y Respuestas Parte 3: Conversaciones Cortas Parte 3: Plticas Cortas
Seccin 2: Comprensin de Lectura

20 Reactivos (4 opciones) 30 Reactivos (3 opciones) 30 Reactivos (4 opciones) 20 Reactivos (4 opciones)

La Seccin de Lectura de comprensin consiste de 100 preguntas, presentadas por escrito en un instructivo de examen. La persona lee una diversidad de materiales y responde a su propio paso a las preguntas basadas en los materiales. La seccin completa de Lectura requiere de 75 minutos. Parte 5: Enunciados Incompletos Parte 6: Reconocimiento de errores Parte 7: Lectura de Comprensin 40 reactivos (4 opciones) 20 Reactivos (4 opciones) 40 Reactivos (4 opciones)

La persona responde a las preguntas del examen marcando con lpiz algunas de las letras (A), (B), (C) o (D) en la hoja de respuestas que se proporciona por separado. Aunque el tiempo real del examen es de aproximadamente dos horas, se requiere tiempo adicional para permitir al candidato llenar sus datos personales en la hoja de respuesta y contestar un breve cuestionario sobre sus antecedentes acadmicos y laborales. 62

Qu contiene el examen TOEIC? El diseo del examen TOEIC responde a las necesidades del mundo laboral. Las preguntas del examen se desarrollan a partir de muestras del idioma oral y escrito recabadas en diversos pases del mundo donde se utiliza el ingls en el lugar de trabajo. Las preguntas del examen incluyen gran variedad de escenarios y situaciones, tomadas del acontecer cotidiano en las relaciones laborales e interpersonales. Algunas categoras son:
Negocios en general: contratos, negociacin, mercadotecnia, ventas, planeacin y conferencias; Manufactura: administracin de plantas, lneas de ensamblaje, control de calidad; Finanzas y presupuestos: banca, inversiones, impuestos, contabilidad, facturacin; Desarrollo corporativo: investigacin, desarrollo de productos; Oficinas: juntas directivas, comits, cartas, memorandos, mensajes telefnicos, por fax o por e-mail, equipos y mobiliario de oficina, procedimientos de oficina; Recursos humanos: reclutamiento, contratacin, jubilaciones, salarios, promociones, solicitudes de empleo, anuncios de vacantes; Compras: comparacin de precios, llenado de pedidos, embarques, facturas; reas tcnicas: electrnica, tecnologa, computadoras, laboratorios, equipos,

especificaciones tcnicas; Inmuebles residenciales o corporativos: construccin, especificaciones, compra o alquiler, luz, gas, agua, telfono; Viajes: trenes, aviones, taxis, autobuses, barcos, transbordadores, boletos, horarios, anuncios en estaciones y aeropuertos, renta de vehculos, hoteles, reservaciones, demoras, cancelaciones; Comer fuera: almuerzos o cenas de negocios e informales, banquetes, recepciones, reservaciones en restaurantes; Entretenimiento: cine, teatro, msica, arte, medios electrnicos; Salud: seguros mdicos, visitas al doctor o al dentista, clnicas y hospitales.

Aunque el lenguaje proveniente de esos ambientes proporciona el contexto para las preguntas del examen, no es necesario que las personas conozcan los vocabularios empresariales o tcnicos especializados. El examen TOEIC es apropiado en cualquier entorno en el que el ingls es utilizado por personas con otras lenguas maternas.

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Quines toman el examen TOEIC? Entre quienes toman el examen TOEIC estn:
Personas que utilizan el ingls en su trabajo diario, como en empresas, hoteles, hospitales, restaurantes, aviacin y turismo, convenciones y eventos deportivos internacionales. Empleados gerenciales, de ventas y tcnicos que participan en negocios, comercio e industrias internacionales, para los cuales requiere dominar el ingls. Personas cuya capacitacin profesional es en el ingls. Personas que desean con una evaluacin internacionalmente reconocida de su dominio del ingls, para su hoja de vida o currculum vitae.

Quin usa el examen TOEIC y cmo se utiliza? Organizaciones. El examen TOEIC se ha convertido en una norma reconocida para muchas organizaciones del mundo que necesita evaluar el dominio del ingls de sus empleados actuales o potenciales. Algunos usos adecuados del examen TOEIC en las organizaciones son:

Reclutamiento, promocin y colocacin de empleados. Las organizaciones pueden usar el

examen TOEIC para establecer estndares de dominio (benchmarks) basado en los niveles de ingls requeridos para desempear determinadas responsabilidades. Esos estndares se usan entonces para tomar decisiones de recursos humanos. Capacitacin tcnica. Las puntuaciones del examen TOEIC se pueden usar para decidir si un individuo tiene el suficiente dominio del ingls como para participar y aprovechar capacitaciones impartidas en ingls. Asignaciones en el extranjero. Las puntuaciones en el examen TOEIC pueden indicar si un empleado ser capaz de trabajar e interactuar exitosamente si se le enva a un pas de habla ingls. Capacitacin en idiomas. Las puntuaciones en el examen TOEIC pueden servir para identificar a empleados que requieran mayor capacitacin en el idioma ingls, para fijarles objetivos de aprendizaje y para verificar sus avances.

Programas intensivos de ingls. P ara los administradores de programas de idiomas, el examen TOEIC es una excelente herramienta de prevaloracin y una til medida de las habilidades logradas despus de la capacitacin. Escuelas. Muchas universidades e instituciones de educacin superior exigen a sus estudiantes tomar el examen TOEIC antes de su graduacin. Quin desarrollo el examen TOEIC? Educational Testing Service (ETS), organizacin dedicada a la evaluacin educativa y a las investigaciones psicomtricas y de polticas educativas, dise y produjo el examen TOEIC en 1979, a solicitud de un grupo de lderes empresariales japoneses. Al paso de los aos, el

64

examen TOEIC fue adoptado en muchos otros pases y pronto se convirti en la norma mundial para evaluar el ingls en contextos de trabajo. Qu diferencia hay entre el examen TOEIC y el examen TOEFL? Los exmenes TOEIC y TOEFL se desarrollaron con distintos fines. Por lo tanto, el diseo, contenidos, contexto y rangos de dominio que mide cada uno son distintos. El examen TOEFL fue creado por Educational Testing Services para los estudiantes extranjeros que buscan ser admitidos a escuelas y universidades de Norteamrica. Los estudiantes que planeen estudiar licenciaturas o grados superiores en Norteamrica querrn tomar el examen TOEFL. Las organizaciones que documentan el dominio del ingls de los empleados y las personas que desean demostrar su capacidad de usar el ingls en el ambiente de trabajo preferirn usar el examen TOEIC. Cmo se califica el examen TOEIC? Cada persona usa un lpiz para marcar sus respuestas en la hoja de respuestas. Las puntuaciones se determinan con base en las preguntas contestadas correctamente. La cantidad de respuestas correctas en las secciones de Comprensin Auditiva y de Lectura se convierten a una cifra que va del 5 al 495. Agregando las puntuaciones de las dos secciones se obtiene una puntuacin total que va de 10 a 990. No se penalizan las respuestas incorrectas.

Escala TOEIC
Comprensin Auditiva 5 495 5 Comprensin de Lectura 495

TOTAL 5 990

Qu significan las puntuaciones del examen TOEIC? Cuando se inscriba para tomar el examen TOEIC, recibir el TOEIC Examine Handbook (Manual del Examinado TOEIC). Este manual ofrece informacin sobre las puntuaciones del examen TOEIC y cmo se utilizan en los diversos entornos internacionales. Cmo puedo inscribirme para tomar el examen? Aqu mismo en CEDUMEC te inscribes al final de tu curso y lo presentas en la comodidad de tu escuela, ya que somos un Centro Evaluador Certificado por STS. 65

Mini Test Answer Sheet

Lets check together some important directions. On the answer sheet, use only pencil No. 2 and dont forget your sharpener & eraser. Remember dear students, darken the circles completely is essential.

Here is a sample of how to answer the listening and reading sections using your pencil.

TOEIC Mini Test Well dear students, lets move on and make a full TOEIC mini test. If you have presented the TOEIC-BRIDGE you already know that it has two different sections with four parts for the first one and three more for the second one. Lets begin checking how you are going to use the answer sheet and review the TOEIC Examinee Handbook. 66

Unit 13: Listening comprehension In this section of test, you will have the chance to show how well you understand spoken English, so to continue practicing your listening comprehension skills is now vital. There are four parts to this section, with special directions for each part.

PART I: Describing pictures Directions: For each question, you will see a picture in your test book and you will hear four short statements. The statements will be spoken just one time. They will not be printed in your test book, so you must listen carefully to understand what the speaker says. When you hear the four statements, look at the picture in your test book and choose the statement that best describes what you see in the picture. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and mark your answer. Look at the sample below.

PART II: Logical answers Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a question or statement spoken in English, followed by three responses, also spoken in English. The question or statement and the responses will be spoken just one time. They will not be printed in your test book, so must listen carefully to understand what the speakers say. You are to choose the best response to each question or statement.

PART III: Short conversations Directions: In this part the test, you will several short conversations between two people. The conversations will not be printed in your test book. You will hear the conversations only once, so you must listen carefully to understand what the speakers say. In you test book, you will read a questions about each conversation. The questions will be followed by four answers. You are to choose the best answer to each question and mark it on your answer sheet.

PART IV: Short talks Directions: In this part the test, you will hear several short talks. Each will be spoken just one time.
They will not be printed in your test book, so you must listen carefully to understand and remember what is said each short talk. In your manual, you will read two or more questions about each short talk. The questions will be followed by four answers. You are to chose the best answer to each question and mark it on your answer sheet provided sometimes by your teacher and others by written your responses in your notebook.

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Unit 14: Describing pictures PART I Lets begin with the first of the four parts that we are going to have in the listening comprehension section. It is very important for that, you have followed all of the exercises in the last unit. Directions: For each question, you will see a picture in your test book and you will hear four short statements. The statements will be spoken just one time. They will not be printed in your test book, so you must listen carefully to understand what the speaker says. When you hear the four statements, look at the picture in your test book and choose the statement that best describes what you see in the picture. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and mark your answer. Look at the sample below.

Sample Answer
A B C D

Now listen to the four statements.. Statement (B), Theyre having a meeting, best describes what you see in the picture. Therefore, you should choose answer (B). 68

Picture 1

Picture 2

69

Picture 3

Picture 4

70

Picture 5

Picture 6

71

Picture 7

Here you have some advises to develop further your listening comprehension skills: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Using your Cd. Listening to music. Watching news reports. Watching movies without subtitles. Participating frequently in conversations.

Also dear students, of course you have a lot of important information on Internet and a website that we can suggest you is: www.english_test.net/toeic/listening/brooklyn_bridge.html Over there you will have a picture (Brooklyn bridge image) and youll need to press PLAY button to listen the four statements and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D). But this is only one of the 610 photographs included and also you have more exercises with logical answers, short conversations and short talks. 72

Unit 15: Logical answers PART II Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a question or statement spoken in English, followed by three responses, also spoken in English. The question or statement and the responses will be spoken just one time. They will not be printed in your test book, so must listen carefully to understand what the speakers say. You are to choose the best response to each question or statement. Now listen to a sample question. You will also hear: A) Im fine, thank you. B) Im Antares. C) Im in the classroom. The best response to the question is choice A) Im fine, thank you. You will hear: How are you? Therefore, you should choose answer A) Lets make an exercise with 10 different items: Directions: Please, mark you answers in the next answer sheet.

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Complete your responses explaining why you choose those letters.

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Unit 16: Short conversations PART III Directions: In this part the test, you will several short conversations between two people. The conversations will not be printed in your test book. You will hear the conversations only once, so you must listen carefully to understand what the speakers say. In you test book, you will read a questions about each conversation. The questions will be followed by four answers. You are to choose the best answer to each question and mark it on your answer sheet.
Please, listen carefully and choose the correct letter for each question. 51. How long will Mr. Olmos be away? 56.-When will the customers order arrive? (A) Four days. (B) One week. (C) Two weeks. (D) Over one month. (A) In two days. (B) In four days. (C) In eight days. (D) In ten days.

52. What does the woman want to do? 57. Why is the woman relieved? (A) Get directions to the office. (B) Get a special line. (C) Make an international call. (D) Change the office phones. (A) She did not miss her flight. (B) The ticket information is correct. (C) The plane is an hour early. (D) She has time to eat.

53. How will the man probably travel? 58. Where does the conversation probably take place? (A) By train. (B) By car. (C) By plane. (D) By bus. 54. What are they discussing? (A) A vacation. (B) An upcoming conference (C) A sports event . (D) A party. 55. Who faxed the notes? (A) Ms. Tanaka. (B) The sales representative. (C) The accounting supervisor. (D) Mr. Mizuno. (A) In a lecture hall. (B) At a theater. (C) At a stadium. (D) In a waiting room. 59. What is the man looking for? (A) A copy machine. (B) A pharmacist. (C) A package. (D) A job. 60. Where is the woman going? (A) To a medical office. (B) To a taxi stand. (C) Downtown. (D) To the station.

For this section try to catch the whole idea of the dialogues and study separately the correct pronunciation of similar words in American English as: when and where. 74

Unit 17: Short talks

PART IV Directions: In this part the test, you will hear several short talks. Each will be spoken just one time. They
will not be printed in your test book, so you must listen carefully to understand and remember what is said. In your test book, you will read two or more questions about each short talk. The questions will be followed by four answers. You are to chose the best answer to each question and mark it on your answer sheet.

81. Who is speaking? (A) A police officer. (B) A weather forecaster. (C) A radio announcer. (D) A bus driver.

86. Who will speak next? (A) The company president. (B) Joan Berry. (C) Jill Smith. (D) Someone from the president office.

82. According to the report, whats is causing the traffic delays? (A) Traffic accidents. (B) Fog. (C) Road construction. (D) Floods.

87. Why is the construction being rescheduled?

(A) The government has requested a delay? (B) The building codes are being changed. (C) The designers workload is being decreased.
(D) The client has requested a new building site.

83. How are the apartments described?

88. When are the design plans due?

(A) They are up-to-date in design. (B) They have two bedrooms. (C) They are in the middle of the city. (D) They are very small. 84. What is included in the rent?

(A) Today. (B) In two weeks. (C) By March of next year. (D) By November of this year. 85. What is the speaker doing?

(A) Country-club fees. (B) Gardening services. (C) Health-club membership. (D) A video.

(A) Showing photos of the southwest region.

(B) Talking about her company on television. (C) Presenting an award to an employee. (D) Introducing a new sales campaign.

This is the end of the Listening Comprehension portion of the test. 75

Unit 18: Idioms Lets give you a plus to the listening comprehension section by studying idiomatical expressions. An idiom is a phrase where the words together have a meaning that is different from the dictionary definitions of the individual words, which can make idioms hard for ESL students and learners to understand. Here, we provide a table with different idiomatic expressions. Please, complete them with examples and add new ones in your notebooks. whisk around rope into time flies fish for a compliment to kick the bouquet get it out of system edge by in public out in the open the strong, silent type give a whirl go bananas what says goes make yourself at home hang down stubborn as a mule deprive of adapt to poster child better off put best foot forward a revolving door take by surprise wouldn't harm a fly find favor with fair game acceptable damage stay on raise objection kiss goodbye slope away from fresh start set out rush on none the wiser from there to here 76

Unit 19: Reading comprehension For this section of the test, youll have three different parts: PART V: Incomplete sentences, PART VI: Error recognition & PART VII: Understanding documents. Suggestions for this section Its essential to have an adequate command of English grammar and overall correctly differentiate among: nouns, adjectives, adverbs, etc. Example: According to the manufacturer, the new generator is capable of ________ the amount of power consumed by our facility by nearly ten percent. A) B) C) D) reduced reducing reduce reduces

In addition, identify and observe carefully the subject in the sentences, making sure that is the correct verbal conjugation. Caring for the proper use of auxiliary verbs in compounds and finally, pay close attention to the prepositions, because in many verbal constructions are sometimes forced, sometimes not used and in others, its meaning is not the same as in Spanish. Example: If you send in an order ________ mail, we recommend that you phone our sales division directly to confirm the order. A) B) C) D) near by for on

Its also very important to consider that your full test is only around two hours long and it contains 200 items, so you have to take care about time. Following the next two advises is going to be very helpful for you to obtain an excellent score in your TOEIC Certificate. For the listening comprehension section, its very important that you read the possible answers for each question, before the soundtrack begins. And for the reading comprehension section, if you have any doubt about which is the correct answer, dont lose time. Mark a possible one and continue your exam. At the end, surely youll have time to go back and recheck them again. 77

Unit 20: Incomplete sentences PART V Directions: Questions 101 114 are incomplete sentences. Four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), (D), are given beneath each sentence. You are to choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and mark your answer. You will read: Sample Answer.

Because the equipment is very dedicate, it must be handled with __________.

(A) (B) (C) (D) caring. careful. care. carefully.

The sentence should read, Because the equipment is very delicate, it must be handled with care. Therefore, you should choose answer (C). Now, begin your work on the questions, please.

101. The publishers suggested that the envelopes be sent to_____by courier so that the film can be developed as soon as possible. (A) they (B) their (C) theirs (D) them 102. Board members_____carefully define their goals and objectives for the agency before the monthly meeting next week. (A) had (B) should (C) used (D) have 103. For business relations to continue between our two firms, a satisfactory agreement must be______reched and signed. (A) yet (B) both (C) either (D) as well as 78

104. The corporation, which underwent a major restructuring seven years ago, has been growing steadly_____five years. (A) for (B) on (C) from (D) since 105. Making advance arrangements for audiovisual equipment is______ recommended for all seminars. (A) sternly (B) strikingly (C) stringently (D) strongly 106. Two assistants will be required to____ reporters names when they arrive at the press conference. (A) remark (B) check (C) notify (D) ensure 107. The present government has an excellent ______ to increase exports. (A) popularity (B) regularity (C) celebrity (D) opportunity 108. While you are in the building, please wear your identification badge at all times so that you are _____ as a company employee. (A) recognize (B) recognizing (C) recognizable (D) recognizably 109. Our studies show that increases in worker productivity have not been adequately rewarded by significant increases in ____. (A) compensation (B) commodity (C) compilation (D) complacency 79

110. Conservatives predict that government finances will remain ______ during the period of the investigation. (A) authoritative (B) summarized (C) examined (D) stable 111. Mr. Kobayashi spoke quite_______while he was making his sales presentation. (A) exciting (B) excitable (C) excitedly (D) excitement 112. It is essential that we operate_____the parameters of time and a limited budget. (A) among (B) about (C) within (D) onto 113. The success______the new manufacturing process has doubled the number of requests for the product. (A) to (B) of (C) for (D) by 114. Interviewees should be given the company brochure to read_____ they are waiting for their interviews. (A) during (B) after (C) with (D) while 115. How much is a round trip ticket to San Martn de los Andes and I am wondering if I can pay it ______ check? (A) with (B) by (C) to (D) as well as 80

Unit 21: Error recognition PART VI

Directions: In Questions 141-147, each sentence has four words or phrases underlined. The four underlined parts of the sentence are marked (A), (B), (C), (D). You are to identify the one underlined word or phrase that should be corrected or rewritten. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and mark your answer.

Example: Sample Answer All employed are required to wear their A B Identification badges while at work. C D
B C D

The underlined word employee is not correct in this sentence. This sentence should read, All e mployees are required to wear their identification badges while at work. Therefore you should choose answer (A). Now begin work on the questions.

141. According to the press release, the company is planning on introduce several new machines in A B C D The coming year. 142. A total of ten thousand of dollars was spent on radio advertising, despite recent requests for A B C D budget-cutting measures. 143. Employees will be reimbursed for business travel expenses incurred while on assignment A B away from the normal work located. C D 144. The staff was told by their supervisor that the new safety inspection schedule would A B C take effect on the end of the year. D 145. Your new credit card will bring you benefits that provides greater financial flexibility. A B C D 146. Last week the president has announced more taxes on many crops grown for overseas markets.

147. The computer software industry is one of most competitive markets in todays technologically A B C advanced society.

D 81

Unit 22: Understanding documents PART VII Directions: Questions 161-174 are based on a selection of Reading materials, such as notices, letters, forms, newspaper, magazine articles, and advertisements. You are to choose the one best answer (A), (B), (C), or (D), to each question. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the questions and mark your answer. Answer all questions following each reading selection on the basis of what is stated or implied in that selection. The museum of Technology is a "hands-on" museum, designed for people to experience science at work. Visitors are encouraged to use, test, and handle the objects on display. Special demonstrations are scheduled for the first and second Wednesdays of each month at 13:30. Open Tuesday-Friday 12:00 - 16:30, Saturday 10:00 - 17:30, and Sunday 11;00 - 16:30. When during the month can visitors see special demonstrations? (A) Every weekend (B) The first two Wednesdays (C) One afternoon a week (D) Every other Wednesday Sample Answer

The reading selection says that the demonstrations are scheduled for the first and second Wednesdays of the month. Therefore, you should choose answer (B). Now begin work on the questions, please. Questions 161 - 162 Refer to the following notice. On June 7 the company will hold its first worldwide videoconference. All twenty facilities will be linked by satellite broadcasting system so that employees can see and speak with each other. Officials of the Zurich head office will begin the conference by telling us about their goals for the next ten years. Next, each facility manager will speak about current challenges. The last hour will be devoted to questions from the floor al all locations. Due to time differences, employees an Asia and South America will have to come to their broadcast facilities outside of regular business hours. Additional pay will be provided for them for this inconvenience. If this format proves productive, we hope to schedule worldwide and regional videoconferences periodically.

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161. What will be the first agenda item at the 162. Why will some employees receive conference? extra pay? (A) Plans for a decade (A) They must speak at the conference. (B) Twenty-year goals (B) The conference will take place (C) Present challenges before or after work. (D) Questions from employees (C) They must travel to other offices to attend. (D) Their departments have met certain goals.

Questions 163 - 164 refer to the following newspaper article.

WASHINGTON-A government study released yesterday said that business should implement widespread commercial use of encryption, mathematical formulas to scramble electronic data, to curb the theft of computer data, wireless communications, and other electronic information. A committee of the government research council, which gives science and technology advice, said a broad use of encryption would help industries in many ways, including by making banking and telecommunications networks more secure and by giving people greater privacy. The committee also recommended that export controls on encryption technologies be progressively relaxed but not eliminated.

163. What does the study suggest businesses do? (A) Curb electronic information sharing (B) Use special technology to scramble electronic data (C) Progressively relax government export controls (D) Invest in government research

164. According to the article, how will the committees recommendations benefit businesses? (A) Science and technology advice will be available. (B) Computer data will be processed more quickly. (C) Government resources will be a shared. (D) Telecommunications networks will be more secure. 83

Questions 165 168 refer to the following job advertisement.

CHIEF INFORMATION OFFICER

We are one of the faster growing major health-care facilities in the country, with an immediate need for a Chief Information Officer. Our CIO is responsible for all information-systems activities, including systems analysis, management reporting, and computers functions. This person sets information-systems policies, procedures, and technical standards and acts as a liaison between Information Services and other management departments. The ideal candidate has an advanced degree and 7 years experience in health-care information systems, including at least 4 years of supervisory experience. Programming experience is not necessary, but experience with systems conversions is beneficial.

We offer a competitive salary and excellent benefits, along with the opportunity to work in a dynamic, growing organization. Please send resume with cover letter and salary history to:

University Medical Center P. O. Box 1234 Dubai, UAE ATTN: Human Resources

Phone, fax, and e-mail applications will not be processed

165. Who placed the advertisement?

(A) (B) (C) (D) A secretarial school The Dubai chief information officer A computer company A hospital

167. What must an application submit?

(A) An employment history (B) An application fee (C) Personal references (D) Medical records

166. Which of these is required?

(A) (B) (C) (D) Program experience Ten years of work experience Supervisory experience A medical degree

168. How should one apply?

(A) In person (B) By fax (C) By mail (D) Bye-mail

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Questions 169 171 refer to the following e-mailmessage

Fredriksdalsgatan 100 412 GS Goteborg Sweden

Dear Customer:
The satisfaction and safety of all our customers are of prime concern to us. We are therefore contacting al owners of this years Meteor to alert them to improvements in the design of one of the cars features. You may have noticed that the rear seat belts have a tendency to remain locked inside the retractors when the car is parked at a sharp angle, such as on a steep hill. Once the car is back on level ground, the seat belts unlock and the rear-seat passengers are able to put on their seat belts. Our engineers have developed new parts for the retractors that significantly reduce this problem. It would be our pleasure to have new retractors installed for you at no charge. Simply bring your Meteor to the nearest Match dealer and allow twenty-four hours for installation. Once the improvement has been made, we are confident that you cars seat belts will meet the highest standards for safety. If you have any question, please contact your local dealer

Sincerely yours,

Gunnar Widergren
Gunnar Widergren Vice President

169. To whom is the letter addressed?

(A) (B) (C) (D) Mach Meteor owners Mach service technicians Mach parts department staff Mach dealers

171. What is the company offering for free?

(A) An improved parking brake (B) A car seat cover (C) Front seat belts (D) A better retractor

170. What is the purpose of the letter?

(A) (B) (C) (D) To recommend seat belt use To announce a parts improvement To offer tips on parking To advertise a new car model

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Questions 172 174 refer to the following e-mail message

New Message To: From: Subject: Date:

Robert ONeill <onelli@shannon.com.ei> Georges Bemanajara <beman@les.dts.mg> Europe Trip Tuest, 07 Sept 11:35:05

Just want to leave my phone number in the Netherlands with you: 11123319501. Ill be in Amsterdam until the 15th but want to keep in touch. I plan to be in London the 16th 19th before returning home. Will try to contact Stacie Drese and Amy Little at the engineering firm in London as soon as I arrive; however, I am worried about rumors of an upcoming air-traffic controllers strike. If that were to occur, could the seminar be postponed? Please give me call at your earliest convenience.

172. Who is traveling to Amsterdam?

(A) (B) (C) (D) Stacie Drese Amy Little Georges Bemanajara Robert ONeill

173. What is the last day of the business trip in Amsterdam?

(A) (B) (C) (D) 7th 15th 16th 19th

174. What might cause the seminar to be delayed?

(A) (B) (C) (D) An airport strike Adverse weather conditions A high priority meeting Rumors of a cancelation

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TOEIC APPENDIX
Preparacin para tomar el Examen TOEIC
TIP Familiarcese con las partes del examen. Una vez que se haya familiarizado con el formato del examen, podr concentrarse en el contenido de cada una de las respuestas.
El examen TOEIC es una prueba de opciones mltiples que se resuelve en un transcurso de 2 horas y que consta de una Seccin de Comprensin Auditiva y otra de Lectura. Cada seccin contiene 100 preguntas, por lo que la longitud total del examen es de 200 preguntas. La primera seccin es la de Comprensin Auditiva. El tiempo total para esta seccin es de 45 minutos. La Seccin de Comprensin Auditiva consiste de cuatro distintas partes: (1) Fotografas (2) Preguntas y Respuestas (3) Conversacines Breves (4) Plticas Breves.

Una o ms voces grabadas van presentando cada una de las 100 preguntas de la Seccin de Comprensin Auditiva. Cada presentacin se escucha una sola vez.
La segunda seccin del examen es la de Lectura. El tiempo total para esta seccin es de 75 minutos. La Seccin de Lectura consta de tres distintas partes: (1) Enunciados Incompletos (2) Reconocimiento de errores (3) Lectura de Comprensin

Tome en cuenta que no hay ningn anuncio entre cada una de las partes de la Seccin de Lectura. Por lo tanto debe llevar cuidadosamente la cuenta de su tiempo, para que tenga el suficiente para las tres partes. TIP Sus habilidades y conocimientos en reas especializadas no sern examinados.

El examen TOEIC mide el dominio del idioma ingls y qu tan bien lo comprende. Aunque el examen podra incluir los siguientes entornos y situaciones, no se evaluar su conocimiento de las siguientes reas:
Datos geogrficos, como la ubicacin y nombre de los pases o los nombres de sus capitales. Hechos y eventos histricos. Nombres y fechas de das festivos en pases de habla inglesa u otros pases. Eventos de actualidad ni los nombres de los lderes polticos. Vocabulario especializado, tcnico o de negocios.

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TIP

Tenga en mente las siguientes estrategias para tomar el examen.

Lea primero las preguntas. En lo posible, lea las preguntas antes de escuchar las grabaciones de la seccin de Comprensin Auditiva. Leer primero las preguntas tambin en la Seccin de Lectura le ayudar a detectar la informacin que se requiere. Escuche o lea la pregunta completa antes de contestar. Podra haber ms de una opcin aparentemente correcta. No se precipite al seleccionar su respuesta definitiva. No se preocupe por las palabras desconocidas. No siempre es necesario comprender el significado de cada una de las palabras. La pregunta podra ser slo sobre la idea principal, y no tener nada que ver con las palabras que usted no sabe. Resuma mentalmente la pregunta principal. Entonces seguramente sabr que ya tiene la respuesta! Si no est seguro, adivine. No se le penaliza por adivinar cuando toma un examen TOEIC. Elija la respuesta que parezca ms probable. Es mejor tratar de adivinar que dejar el espacio en blanco en su hoja de respuestas. No se retrase en la Seccin de Comprensin Auditiva. Tenga cuidado de no dedicar demasiado tiempo a cada pregunta. Tras una pausa de 5 a 8 segundos escuchar la pregunta siguiente. Marque su respuesta en cuanto haya tomado una decisin. No trate de volver a preguntas anteriores, pues podra perderse la pregunta siguiente. En la Seccin de Lectura, repase su trabajo si le da tiempo. Asegrese de verificar sus respuestas y llenar los espacios que haya dejado en blanco en su hoja de respuestas. Por lo tanto su estrategia de solucin es distinta que en la Seccin de Comprensin Auditiva.

Com prepararse para el da del examen?

TIP

Trtese bien antes del examen.

Coma. Es importante que se prepare y coma bien antes de ir al centro de exmenes. No coma demasiado para que no le d sueo, pero lo suficiente como para mantener un nivel constante de energa. Duerma. Asegrese de descansar lo suficiente durante la noche anterior a su examen TOEIC. Dormir bien la noche antes del examen puede ser tan bueno o incluso mejor que pasrsela despierto estudiando. Reljese. Si lee con cuidado este libro y resuelve todos los incisos de prctica, seguramente se sentir confiado al sentarse a tomar el examen. Enorgullzcase de lo que s puede hacer en el examen, en lugar de preocuparse por lo que no puede.

TIP

Puntos a tener en mente al resolver el examen TOEIC.

Lo ms importante: Credencial de elector en original y copia y todo contestarlo con lpiz. 88

Adems tome en cuenta por favor estos consejos:

Llene toda la informacin que se le requiera. Asegrese de escribir su nombre y el del centro de exmenes en su hoja de respuestas. En el Captulo 6 se puede ver una muestra de la hoja de respuestas. Asegrese de leer cuidadosamente las instrucciones. Puede practicar leyendo las instrucciones para las pruebas de muestra de este libro. Al tomar su examen TOEIC, le conviene leer las instrucciones antes de cada parte del examen. Marque una sola respuesta para cada pregunta en su hoja de respuestas. Si marca ms de una, ambas sern tomadas por incorrectas.

Traiga. Materiales de identificacin y lpices del nmero 2 extra. No traiga. Ningn tipo de diccionarios, papeles, notas, reglas, calculadoras, celulares, localizadores, aparatos de sonido ni ayudas de estudio. No se permite introducirlos al saln de exmenes.

Para mejorar sus habilidades generales en ingls.

TIP

Rodese de ingles.

El examen TOEIC es una prueba de su dominio del ingls. Evala qu tan bien puede usted comunicarse en ingls. Una buena manera de prepararse para el examen TOEIC es rodearse lo ms posible de materiales hablados y escritos en ingls. Los libros de texto y de gramtica pueden ser muy tiles, pero no siempre contienen las suficientes comunicaciones reales en ingls. El examen TOEIC hace nfasis en el ingls escrito y hablado que se utiliza autnticamente en el entorno global de trabajo. Enseguida, una lista de posibles fuentes de materiales adecuados en ingls. CDs y audiocassettes Escuche grabaciones en ingls de libros, discursos, canciones y poemas. Escchelas varias veces hasta que pueda contestar preguntas como Quin habla? Sobre qu tema? Cules son las ideas principales? Colegas y amigos Forme un grupo de discusin con otras personas interesadas en mejorar su ingls. Maestros y/o hablantes nativos de ingls Aproveche cualquier oportunidad de platicar con maestros de ingls o con personas cuya lengua materna sea el ingls. 89

Radio Escuche transmisiones en ingls siempre que pueda. Es una excelente manera de practicar sus habilidades de escucha. No se desaliente si no puede comprender todas las palabras. Comience tratando de descifrar el tema, quin habla, y de que se est hablando. Libros Consiga libros en ingls que pueda leer sin necesidad de buscar cada palabra en el diccionario. Leer narraciones le puede ampliar su vocabulario y ayudarle a familiarizarse con diversos tipos de ingls formal o casual. Tambin los manuales tcnicos o artculos de negocios le pueden ayudar a desarrollar su vocabulario. Folletos Podra visitar o escribir a agencias o instituciones como las oficinas de informacin turstica de pases de habla inglesa, agencias de viajes, organizaciones no gubernamentales, universidades y grandes empresas. Estos lugares son una buena fuente de folletos, catlogos y otros materiales en ingls. Revistas Muchas aerolneas regalan las revistas que le ofrecen en vuelo. Estas revistas contienen a menudo artculos interesantes relacionados con el lugar de trabajo. Hay tambin multitud de revistas noticiosas semanales que contienen artculos cortos sobre una amplia variedad de temas. Las de modas, gastronoma y deportes tambin son buenas fuentes del genuino ingls escrito. Catlogo de mercancas por correo Algunas empresas que trabajan en ingls venden sus productos por correo. Solicitar catlogos e informacin sobre productos en ingls. Mens Muchos restaurantes tienen mens que pueden llevarse a casa. Solicite versiones en ingls. Peridicos Lea los peridicos locales escritos en ingls. Tambin existen peridicos especiales , publicados para quienes estn aprendiendo el idioma. Internet Visite en Internet pginas Web escritas en ingls. Muchos peridicos y revistas de habla ingls tienen tambin ediciones en lnea. Comunquese en ingls con sus amigos y colegas va correo electrnico. 90

Generalidades de la seccin de Comprensin Auditiva

La seccin de Comprensin Auditiva consiste de las preguntas 1 a 100 del examen TOEIC, y se administra mediante un audiocassette o CD. Se divide en cuatro partes: 1.- Fotografas 2.- Preguntas y respuestas 3.- Conversaciones breves 4.- Plticas breves Un anunciante ir presentando diversos enunciados, conversaciones cortas y plticas cortas, grabadas en ingls. Luego contestar preguntas basadas en lo que entendi de la grabacin. Usted no podr detener la grabacin, pero habr pausa de 5 a 8 segundos entre preguntas para darle tiempo al responder. Cada enunciado grabado se representar una sola vez. La solucin de la Seccin de Comprensin Auditiva requiere unos 45 minutos.

Estrategias generales
TIP Ponga atencin a las palabras que se enfatizan.

En la seccin de Comprensin Auditiva, fjese en las palabras en las cuales se hace nfasis. En el ingls hablado, se hace nfasis en (o se acentan) ciertas palabras de la oracin. Es decir, ciertas partes del enunciado hablado se pronuncian con mayor nfasis que otras partes. Las palabras acentuadas son generalmente las que contienen la informacin ms importante, como son los sustantivos, nombres y adjetivos. Otras palabras de la oracin se pronuncian con poco o ningn nfasis. A menudo, son palabras que contienen menos informacin pero que contribuyen a la estructura gramatical del enunciado, como los artculos a o the, pronombres, preposiciones, conjunciones y verbos auxiliares.

Example 1 The doctor and a nurse are talking with a patient En el ingls hablado, el enunciado anterior se enfatizara (acentuara) en cuatro partes: en sus sustantivos : doctor, nurse y patient y en el verbo talking. Las flechas indican las palabras que se enfatizan cuando el enunciado se dice en voz alta. The doctor and a nurse are talking with a patient

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Las palabras que llevan poco o ningn nfasis son los artculos the y a, la conjuncin and, el verbo auxiliar are, y la preposicin with. Se escuchara nicamente las partes enfatizadas de este enunciado, usted probablemente podra entender de todas maneras de qu trata el enunciado. Las palabras acentuadas le transmiten la idea principal. TIP Preprese para escuchar ingls autntico.

En la Seccin de Comprensin Auditiva, escuchar hablantes nativos del ingls, tanto hombres como mujeres. Hablarn a velocidad normal, empleando lenguaje tanto formal como informal. He aqu algunos ejemplos de ingls informal y formal. Ingls Informal Ill Hes gonna wanna lots of boss get in touch with yeah Who are you talking to? Ingls Formal I will He i s or he has going to want to Many director or supervisor Contact Yes To whom are you speaking?

Contracciones

Elisiones

Vocabulario

Gramtica

Las conversaciones y enunciados que escuchar en esta parte del examen son ejemplos del ingls hablado alrededor del mundo, en situaciones de trabajo, descanso y personales. TIP Escuche cuidadosamente la grabacin antes de optar por una respuesta.

Para elegir cada respuesta correcta en la Seccin de Comprensin Auditiva, generalmente hace falta escuchar toda la grabacin para la pregunta correspondiente. Las pistas de la respuesta pueden estar al principio, en la parte media o final de los materiales grabados.

Estrategias y preguntas de prctica para las partes I a IV

PARTE I FOTOGRAFAS En esta parte del examen, vera fotografas de acciones, objetos, lugares y personas. En la grabacin, escuchar a un hablante decir cuatro enunciados sobre cuatro fotografas. Las cuatro opciones podran parecer descripciones correctas de la fotografa, pero slo una describe con precisin lo que se puede ver en la imagen. La seccin de Fotografas contiene 20 preguntas, y tendr 5 segundos entre preguntas. TIP Eche un vistazo a la fotografa antes de escuchar los enunciados. 92

Hgase las siguientes preguntas sobre cada fotografa: Dnde fue tomada? Cul es el tema principal? Qu est sucediendo? Quines son las personas?

Estrategias y preguntas de prctica para las partes I A IV

TIP Fjese bien en las palabras de sonido similar pero distinto significado.

Al escuchar las cuatro opciones, ponga mucha atencin a las palabras que suenan parecido pero significan cosas diferentes.

Example 2 Theyre walking in a garden. They working in a garden. Shes setting table. Shes sitting at the table.

Los pares walking /working y setting/ sitting suenan parecido, pero sus significados son muy diferentes. Tiene que mirar las imgenes que vendrn en su cuadernillo de examen y escuchar cuidadosamente, para evitar confundirse con palabras de sonidos muy similares. TIP Escuche cuidadosamente cada uno de los enunciados completos sobre la fotografa.

Los enunciados sobre una fotografa podran contener partes que son ciertas. Escuche con cuidado para determinar si el enunciado completo es cierto, o solo una parte.

Prctica autnoma. Observe las imgenes de algn libro o revista. Trate de hallar diversos ambientes y situaciones. Por cada fotografa, escriba palabras relacionadas con ellas y tambin enunciados que describan lo que est usted viendo. Sus enunciados podran ser bastante parecidos a las opciones que encontrar en el examen TOEIC. 93

Exercise
Picture A Picture B Picture C

What is in the picture A

Sentences about the picture

Intercambie fotografas e imgenes con un amigo o colega. Que su amigo describa las imgenes sin haber ledo lo que usted escribi. Comparen despus su trabajo y decidan qu enunciados describen con mayor precisin la imagen.

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Now lets practice a little bit.

Please use all the tips that you have read.

PART I: Photographs Directions: For each question, you will see a picture in your test book and you will hear four short statements. The statements will be spoken just one time. They will not be printed in your test book, so you must listen carefully to understand what the speaker says. When you hear the four statements, look at the picture in your test book and choose the statement that best describes what you see in the picture. Look at the sample bellow.

Sample Answer
A B C

Now listen to the four statements Statement B, Theyre having a meeting, best describes what you see in the picture. Therefore, you should choose answer B.

Please, go on to the next page to practice using real pictures of the TOEIC exam.

95

A 2

D
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

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D
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

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A 6

D
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

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A 8

D
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

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A 10

100