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Veritas VxVM cheat sheet

Veritas Volume Manager

VM daemons
M aintains system configuration in the kernel & disk (private region). If the daemon is stopped it does not disable any configuration state loaded into the kernel, it only affects the ability to make configuration changes until vxconfigd is restarted.
v x c o n f i g d

It can be in three states: Enable = Normal mode Disable = M ost operations cannot be be used Booted = Normal startup while using boot disk group M onitors for failure events and relocates failed subdisks Used to backup configuration chnages, the files created can be used with vxmake to restored lost groups. Display veritas volume manager events used with the vxconfigd daemon

v x r e l o c d v x c o n f i g b a c k u p d v x n o t i f y v x c a c h e d v x a t t a c h d

Kernel Info The kernel can be in three states:

K e r n e lS t a t e s

Enabled - both private and public regions are accessible Disabled - no private or public regions are accessible Detached - only private regions are accessible

VM utilities

vxconfigd -k -m enable -x <debug option> -x log

V x V Md e b u g

log to /var/vxvm/vxconfigd.log log to filename log to syslog date and timestamp every entry log all possible tracing to file

-x -x -x -x

logfile = <name> syslog timestamp tracefile=name

The vxiod utility starts, stops, or reports on VERITAS Volume M anager (VxVM ) I/O daemons. An I/O daemon provides a process context for performing I/O in VxVM .M anage extended disk i/o & handles dirty regions, logging
v x i o d

vxiod set <number> = set number of runnning viod daemon Note: when run on its own it displays # of vxiod daemons that are running.

The vxdctl utility manages aspects of the state of the volume configuration daemon vxconfigd and also manages aspects of configuration for bootstrapping the rootdg disk group. mode = what mode the vxconfigd is running in enable = enable the vxconfigd daemon (reread the db) disable = disable the vxconfigd daemon
v x d c t l[ o p t i o n ]

stop = kill the vxconfigd daemon (Use 'vxconfigd -k -m enable' to start again) license [init] = print out license info or reread licenses support = display version and components list = display entries in /etc/vx/volboot init [dmp] = recreate /etc/vx/volboot Note: when in disabled or stopped mode no VX commands will be able to run

v x i n s t a l l

Install volume manger (use /etc/vx/disk to exclude any disks or controllers)

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Veritas VxVM cheat sheet

Disk Regions
This is were veritas holds the meta data regarding the disk. A copy of the configuration database is copied to each private region within the disk group. Veritas will try and keep 5 copies of the configuration database.
P r i v a t e

Normally configured as slice 3 Once the private region is created it cannot be changed, thus if it fills up then you have to reinitize the disk with a new private region length, see disks -> initialize disk

This is the area that will store the users data.

P u b l i c

Normally configured as slice 4. Disk Layouts private and public region slices are on separate partitions (3 & 4), this type of disk is not suitable for moving between different O/S's but are suitable for boot partitions Can be converted to CDS

S l i c e dD i s k l a y o u t

format=sliced

C D S( C r o s s p l a t f o r mD a t a S h a r i n g )

private and public regions are one slice (slice 7) , this type is suitable for moving between different O/S's but not suitable for boot partitions. format=cdsdisk

Private and public are the same partition but continuous

S i m p l e

(slice 3) Can be converted to CDS

format=simple

N o n e

No partitioning

n/a

VxVM Configuration Database

DB size DB location
v x d gl i s t< g r o u p >|g r e pp e r m l e n-t h es i z eo ft h ec o n f i g u r a t i o nd b v x d i s kl i s t< d i s k >|g r e pic o n f i g s-d bl o c a t i o n

File Locations
vxinstall has not be run Host ID's backup config files (vxconfigbackupd) delete or deported disk group config files All commands logs Licenses
/ e t c / v x / r e c o n f i g . d / s t a t e . d / i n s t a l l d b / e t c / v x / v o l b o o t / e t c / v x / c b r / b k N o t e :y o um u s th a v ea tl e a s tr u nv x c o n f i g b a c k u po n c e ,o t h e r w i s et h ed i r e c t o r yd o e sn o t e x i s to ry o uh a v es p e c i f i e da n o t h e rl o c a t i o n . / e t c / v x / d g c f g / d e p o r t / v a r / a d m / v x / c m d l o g / v a r / a d m / v x / v e a c m d l o g / e t c / v x / l i c e n s e s / l i c / v a r / v x v m / t e m p d b

Imported disk groups info

N o t e :t oc l e a rt h et e m p d bf i l e : v x c o n f i g dkxc l e a r t e m p d i r-c l e a rt h e/ v a r / v x v m / t e m p d b / v a r / a d m / v x / v x c o n f i g d . l o g

vxconfigd log file

Backup & Restore

/ u s r / l i b / v x v m / b i n / v x c o n f i g b a c k u pl/ v a r / v x v m / b a c k u p s

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Backup

Veritas VxVM cheat sheet

l=l o c a t i o nw h e r et os t o r eb a c k u p

v x c o n f i g r e s t o r ep< g r o u p > #e i t h e ro n eo ft h eb e l o wa f t e rt h ep r e c o m m i t v x c o n f i g r e s t o r ed< g r o u p > v x c o n f i g r e s t o r ec< g r o u p > N o t e : p=w h e ny o uw a n tt oc h e c kt h a tt h er e s t o r ei sc o r r e c t( u s ev x p r i n tt oc h e c k ) d=a b o r tt h ep r e c o m m i t c=c o m m i tt h ep r e c o m m i t

Restore (precommit/commit)

Disks
# #i n c r e a s et h ep r i v a t er e g i o ns i z ed e f a u l t1 0 2 4 v x d i s k s e t u pic 2 t 0 d 0p r i v l e n =2 0 4 8

Initialize disk

# #c h a n g et h ed e f a u l to fad i s k v x d i s k s e t u pi< d e v i c e >f o r m a t = s l i c e d

-i n i t i a l i z e dad i s ka sas l i c e dd i s k

N o t e :f o r m a tc a nb ee i t h e rs l i c e d ,s i m p l e ,c d s d i s ko rn o n e( s e ea b o v e-D i s kR e g i o n s )

Uninitialize disk Disk Information Resize a LUN Add a disk slice to volboot Add a disk slice Add a disk Remove a disk totally from VM Remove a disk from a volume Remove a disk slice from VM Clear any host ID flags Renaming a disk M ove disk to different disk group

v x d i s k u n s e t u pCc 2 t 0 d 0 v x d i s kg< g r o u p >l i s t< d i s k > v x d i s ksl i s t v x d i s kg< g r o u p >r e s i z e< d i s k >l e n g t h = 8 G v x d c t la d dd i s k< d e v i c e >t y p e = s i m p l e v x d i s k f< d e v i c e >t y p e = s i m p l e v x d i s k a d dc 1 t 0 d 0o rc 1( a l ld i s ko nc o n t r o l l e r ) v x d i s k s e t u pi< d e v i c e > v x d i s kr m< d e v i c e > v x d gg< g r o u p >r m d i s k< d i s k n a m e > v x d c t lr md i s k< d e v i c e > v x d i s kc l e a r i m p o r t< d i s kn a m e > v x e d i tg< d i s k >r e n a m e< o l dd i s kn a m e >< n e wd i s kn a m e > v x d gm o v e< s o u r c ed g >< t a r g e td g >< d i s k >

Offline a disk

v x d i s ko f f l i n e< d e vn a m e > N o t e :d i s km u s tn o tb ei nad i s kg r o u p

Online a disk

v x d i s ko n l i n e< d e vn a m e > N o t e :d i s km u s th a v eap r i v a t er e g i o no t h e r w i s ey o un e e dt oi n i t i a l i s et h ed i s k

Hot spare NoHotUse Turn off failing flag Encapsulate a disk

v x e d i t g< g r o u p >s e ts p a r e = o n< d i s k > v x e d i t g< g r o u p >s e tn o h o t u s e = o n< d i s k > v x e d i tg< g r o u p >s e tf a i l i n g = o f f< d i s k > v x d i s kd e f i n ec 0 t 0 d 0 s 0t y p e = n o p r i v v x r e a t t a c h[ b r|c< d e v i c e > ]

Reattach disk (SAN)

b=B a c k g r o u n dp r o c e s s r=R e c o v e rv o l u m e s c=C h e c k st os e ei fr e a t t a c hi sp o s s i b l e v x d i s ks c a n d i s k s[ n e w|f a b r i c] v x e d i tg< g r o u p >s e tc o m m e n t = " . . . . . . . "< d i s k > # #H e r eia mf i x i n ga" o n l i n ea l t u s e d "i s s u eb u ts e a r c ht h ew e bf o rd i f f e r e n ti s s u e sa s t h e r ea r ean u m b e ro fw a y st ot h es a m et h i n g ,j u s tr e m e m b e rt h ev x p r i v u t i lc o m m a n d # #o b t a i nt h ed i s k sp r i v a t er e g i o nt a g1 5 p r t v t o c/ d e v / r d s k / c 2 t 0 d 0 s 2 # #d dt h ec o n t e n ts t oaf i l e

Discover new disks Disk Comment

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Private region problem

Veritas VxVM cheat sheet

d di f = / d e v / r d s k / c 2 t 0 d 0 s 3o f = / t m p / c 2 t 0 d 0 s 3 _ p r i v r e g # #r u nt h eb e l o ws c r i p t f i x _ s c r i p t # #i fn o we r r o r sr e p o r t e da b o v ea n di nt h ef i l e ,t h e nd db a c kt od i s k d di f = / t m p / c 2 t 0 d 0 s 3 _ p r i v r e g . g o o do f = / d e v / r d s k / c 2 t 0 d 0 s 3 # #r e p e a tf o ra n yo t h e rb a dd i s k s

Disk Group
Create a disk group Remove a group Add a disk to a group Remove a disk from a group
v x d gi n i tg r o u p< d i s k > = < d e v i c e > v x d gi n i t< g r o u p >< d i s k > = < d e v i c e >c d s = o f f v x d gd e s t r o y< g r o u p > v x d g g< g r o u p >a d d d i s k< d i s k > = < d e v i c e > v x d g g< g r o u p >r m d i s k< d i s k > v x d gkg< g r o u p >a d d d i s k< d i s k > = < d e v i c e > k=f o r c e sv x v mt ot a k em e d i an a m eo ft h ef a i l e dd i s k&a s s i g ni tt ot h en e wd i s k

-i n i t i a l i z ean o n c d sd i s kg r o u p

Replace failed disk

Import a group

v x d gi m p o r t< g r o u p > v x d gn< n e w g r o u p n a m e >i m p o r t< o l d g r o u p n a m e > v x d gCi m p o r t< g r o u p >

Import group (clear any flags)

v x d gi m p o r tC< g r o u p > C-c l e a r sa n ye x i s th o s tf l a g s

Deport a group List no hot use on disk List spare space on disk Display free space Backup disk group (vxvm 4.0) Restore disk group (vxvm 4.0) Diskgroup Version Upgrade disk version

v x d gd e p o r t< g r o u p > v x d gn< n e w g r o u p n a m e >d e p o r t< o l d _ g r o u p _ n a m e > v x d g g< g r o u p >n o h o t u s e< d i s k > v x d g g< g r o u p >s p a r e< d i s k > v x d g g< g r o u p >f r e e v x c o n f i g b a c k u p v x c o n f i g r e s t o r e[ p | d | c ] v x d gl i s t< g r o u p >|g r e piv e r s i o n v x d gu p g r a d e< g r o u p > v x d gT5 0u p g r a d e< g r o u p > v x d gT5 0i n i t< g r o u p >< d i s k > = < d e v i c e > v x d gb o o t d g v x d gd e f a u l t d g v x d c t ld e f a u l t d g< g r o u p >-s e td e f a u l t d g -u p g r a d et oc u r r e n tv e r s i o n -u p g r a d et ov e r s i o n5 0 -c r e a t e rn e wg r o u p@v e r s i o n5 0

Boot/Default DG

Volume
Adding mirror to root
/ e t c / v x / b i n / v x r o o t m i r< a l t e r n a t e >c r e a t er o o t v o l ,s w a pv o l , v x a s s i s tm a k e< v o l u m e >< s i z e >< d i s k > v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >m a k e< v o l >< s i z e >! c t r l : c 2

-d o n ' tu s ec o n t r o l l e r2

Create a simple volume

v x a s s i s tm a k e< v o l u m e >< s i z e >< d i s k >l a y o u t = [ s t r i p e m i r r o r | c o n c a t m i r r o r | m i r r o r c o n c a t | m i r r o r s t r i p e ] s t r i p e m i r r o r=l a y e r e dv o l u m e c o n c a t m i r r o r=l a y e r e dv o l u m e m i r r o r c o n c a t=n o n l a y e r e dv o l u m e m i r r o r s t r i p e=n o n l a y e r e dv o l u m e

M irror a simple volume

v x a s s i s tm i r r o r< v o l u m e >> d i s k > v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >r e m o v em i r r o r< v o l >! d i s k 0 1 v x a s s i s tm a k e< v o l u m e >< s i z e >l a y o u t = s t r i p e

-r e m o v et h ed i s k 0 1m i r r o r

Create a stripped volume

v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >oo r d e r e dm a k e< v o l >< s i z e >l a y o u t = s t r i p en c o l = 3< d i s k 1 >< d i s k 2 >< d i s k 3 >

Create mirrored volume with log Create a raid volume

v x a s s i s tm a k e< v o l u m e >< s i z e >l a y o u t = m i r r o r ,l o gn m i r r o r = #n l o g = # v x a s s i s tm a k e< v o l u m e >< s i z e >l a y o u t = r a i d 5

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Veritas VxVM cheat sheet

v x a s s i s tU< u s a g e _ t y p e >m a k e< v o l u m e >< s i z e >a l l o c = ' < d i s k > ' t y p e s : f s g e n-f i l e s y s t e m s g e n-r a wv o l u m e s r a i d-s u p p o r t sr a i d 5 r o o t-s u u p o r t sr o o tf i l e s y s t e m sf o rb o o t i n g s w a p-p e r f o r m sn or e c o v e r yo ns t a r t u p r e l a y o u t-u s e dt e m p o r a r yf o rd i s kr e l a y o u to p e r a t i o n s

Create a raw volume

Remove a volume

v x e d i t r fr m< v o l u m e > v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >r e m o v ev o l u m e< v o l > N o t e :y o um u s td i s a b l et h ev o l u m ef i r s t

Initializing a volume

v x v o li n i ts t a t e< v o l u m e >[ p l e x ] s t a t e = c l e a n , e n a b l e , a c t i v e v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >r e l a y o u t< v o l >l a y o u t = s t r i p en c o l = 2 v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >r e l a y o u t< v o l >l a y o u t = s t r i p en c o l = + 1 v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >r e l a y o u t< v o l >l a y o u t = s t r i p en c o l = 1 v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >r e l a y o u t< v o l >l a y o u t = s t r i p es t r i p e = 3 2 kn c o l = 5 v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >r e l a y o u t< v o l >l a y o u t = r a i d 5s t r i p e u n i t = 3 2 kn c o l 3 v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >c o n v e r t< v o l >l a y o u t = s t r i p e m i r r o r #D i s p l a yt h er e l a y o u to p e r a t i o n v x r e l a y o u tg< g r o u p >[ s t a t u s | r e v e r s e | s t a r t ]< v o l > v x t a s kl i s t

Online Relayout

Remove a volume off a particular disk Rename a volume Starting a volume

# #e i t h e rm a k es u r et h e r ei saa n o t h e rd i s ki nt h eg r o u p ,y o uc a ne v e ns p e c i f yi t v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >m o v e< v o l >\ ! < d i s k >[ < d i s k > ] v x e d i tg< g r o u p >< o l d _ v o l _ n a m e >< n e w _ v o l _ n a m e > v x v o ls t a r t< v o l u m e > v x r e c o v e r s b< v o l u m e >

Start a disabled volume

s=s t a r tv o l u m ea f t e rr e c o v e r y b=b a c k g r o u n dt h er e c o v e r yt a s k v x v o lg< g r o u p >s t o p< v o l u m e > v x e v a cg< g r o u p >< f r o m d i s k >< t o d i s k > v x v o lm a i n t< v o l u m e > v x m e n dm i r r o rc l e a n< p l e x > v x p l e xa t t< v o l _ n a m e >< p l e x > v x r e s i z e< v o l u m e >< n e wl e n g t h > v x r e s i z eg< g r o u p >< v o l u m e >+ 1 0 0 m v x r e s i z e< v o l u m e >< n e wl e n g t h > v x r e s i z eg< g r o u p >< v o l u m e >1 0 0 m v x a s s i s ta d d l o g< v o l u m e > -i n c r e a s et h ev o l u m eb y1 0 0 M b -d e c r e a s et h ev o l u m eb y1 0 0 M b

Disable a volume Evacuate a volume M aintenance mode Not clean No kernel state Extending a volume size Shrinking a volume size add a DRL log to a volume

remove a DRL log from a volume v x a s s i s tr e m o v el o g< v o l u m e > Extending log size Detering volume size Recover a volume
v x v o ls e tl o g l e n=2 m< v o l u m e / l o g > v x a s s i tg< g r o u p >m a x s i z el a y o u t = m i r r o r-t h em a x i m u ms i z ey o uc a nc r e a t eam i r r o r v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >m a x g r o w< v o l u m e > -t h em a x i m u ms i z et h ev o l u m ec a ng r o wt o o V x m e n df i xc l e a n< p l e x > v x e d i tg< g r o u p >s e to w n e r = < u s e r >g r o u p = < g r o u p >m o d e = < p e r m s >< v o l >

Change volumes permissions

#t od i s p l a yt h ep e r m i s s i o n s l sl/ d e v / v x / r d s k / < g r o u p >

Plexs
Creating a plex Remove a plex M oving a plex Copying a plex Attaching a plex Detaching a plex
v x m a k ep l e x< p l e x >s d= < s u bd i s kn a m e > v x p l e x or md i s< p l e x > v x p l e xg< g r o u p >d i s< p l e x > v x e d i tg< g r o u p >r fr m< p l e x > v x p l e xm v< o r i g i n a lp l e x >< n e wp l e x > v x p l e xc p< v o l u m e >< n e wp l e x > v x p l e xa t t< v o l u m e >< p l e x > v x p l e xd e t< p l e x >

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Offlining a plex
v x m e n do f fv o l 0 1 0 2

Veritas VxVM cheat sheet

Sub-disks
Creating sub-disk Removing sub-disk M oving sub-disk Associating with a plex Dissociating Splitting Joining relocating a sub disk relocating a whole disk sub disks
v x m a k es d< s u b d i s k >< d i s k > ,o f f s e t ,l e n v x e d i tr m< s u b d i s k > v x s dm v< o l ds u b d i s k >< n e ws u b d i s k > v x m a k ep l e x< p l e x >s d = < s u b d i s k > , i . ev x m a k ep l e xh o m e 1s d =d i s k 0 2 0 1 ,d i s k 0 2 0 0 ,d i s k 0 2 0 2 v x s dd i s< s u b d i s k > v x s d s < s i z e >s p l i ts d < n e ws u b > < n e w s u b 2 > v x s dj o i n< s u b d i s k 1 > < s u b d i s k 2 > < n e ws u b d i s k > # #e i t h e rm a k es u r et h e r ei saa n o t h e rd i s ki nt h eg r o u p ,y o uc a ne v e ns p e c i f yi t v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >m o v e< v o l >\ ! < d i s k >[ < d i s k > ] v x p r i n tgr o o t d gs e' s d _ o r i g _ d m n a m e = " d i s k 0 2 " ' v x u n r e l o cgr o o t d gd i s k 0 2

Volume Manager Information

Disks Display all the physical disks Display detailed disk info Check for disk failures
v x d i s kl i s t v x d i s koa l l d g sl i s t v x d i s kl i s t< d i s k > v x s t a t g< g r o u p > f f d

Disk Group Display group properties Display detailed group info

v x d gl i s t v x d gl i s t< g r o u p > v x i n f opg< g r o u p >

Volume Display volume info Display volume properties Display unstartable volume Check for volume failures
v x p r i n t A h t< v o l > v x p r i n t v l v x i n f og< g r o u p >< v o l > v x s t a t g< g r o u p > f fv

Plex Display plex properties Check for plex failures

v x p r i n t v p v x s t a t g< g r o u p > f fp

Sub-Disks Display sub-disk properties

v x p r i n t s t

Veritas Tasks
v x t a s kl i s t v x t a s km o n i t o r

-c o n t i n u o u s l ym o n i t o r

Display tasks

S t a t e s : r=r u n n i n g p=p a u s e a=a b o r t i n g

Statistics and Tracing Iostats

v x s t a tg< g r o u p >r d< d i s k s > v x s t a tg< g r o u p >d v x s t a tg< g r o u p >i1d< v o l > v x s t a tg< g r o u p >i1 0c5d -r e s e ta l ls t a t so nd i s k -d i s p l a ys t a t s -d i s p l a ys t a t se v e r y1s e ci n t e r v a l sf o rv o l u m e -d i s p l a y5s e t s@1 0s e c si n t e r v a l s

Tracing

v x t r a c ed< f i l e n a m e >od e v , d i s k< v o l > v x t r a c ef< f i l e n a m e >od e v , d i s k< v o l >|m o r e

Licensing
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Add View
v x l i c i n s t v x l i c e n s ec v x l i c r e p v x l i c e n s ep / e t c / v x / l i c e n s e s / l i c / e t c / v x / e l m v x d c t ll i c e n s ei n i t

Veritas VxVM cheat sheet

-v e r s i o n sg r e a t e rt h a n3 . 5 -v e r s i o n sb e l o w3 . 5 -v e r s i o n sg r e a t e rt h a n3 . 5 -v e r s i o n sb e l o w3 . 5 -v e r s i o n sg r e a t e rt h a n3 . 5 -v e r s i o n sb e l o w3 . 5

Paths Reload new license

VEA
Start/Stop
/ e t c / i n i t . d / i s i s d[ s t a r t | s t o p | r e s t a r t ] v x s v c c t r ls t a t u s v x s v c[ m | k | v ]

Status

m=s t a t u s k=k i l l v=v e r s i o n / o p t / V R T S o b / b i n / v x s v c / o p t / V R T S o b / b i n / v x s v c c t r l / o p t / V R T S o b / b i n / v e a Y o um u s th a v eX w i n d o w sr u n n i n g

Daemons

Start VEA GUI

Logging Logging help in recovery and can speed it up dramatically, the main form of logging in veritas is the DRL (dirty region log) which performs the following log keeps track of changed regions if system fails only the changed regions of the volume are recovered
Add Remove
v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >a d d l o g< v o l >l o g t y p e = d r l v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >a d d l o g< v o l > v x a s s i s tg< g r o u p >r e m o v el o g< v o l >[ n l o g = n ]< v o l > -u s e df o rr a i dl o g s( n ot y p e )

Volume Read Policy Policies can be used if you have slower disks within a volume and you wish to use the faster disks.
Round Robin Preffered Plex Selected Plex
v x v o lg< g r o u p >r d p o lr o u n d< v o l > v x v o lg< g r o u p >r d p o lp r e f e r< v o l >< p l e x > v x v o lg< g r o u p >r d p o ls e l e c t< v o l >

Storage Expert (vxse) Veritas have created some scripots that can check the integrity of the vxvm setup i.e mirrored volumes, spares, etc. The scripts are based on rules and there are a number of differents rules veritas has set, look in the rules directory to see all of them.
Display Description Check rules List spare rules
v x s e _ r a i d 5 l o g 1i n f o v x s e _ r a i d 5 l o g 1g< g r o u p >c h e c k v x s e _ s p a r e sl i s t v x s e _ s p a r e sr u n

Run spare run

N o t e :y o un e e dt or u n" / e t c / i n i t . d / i s i s ds t a r t "t os t a r tt h e n e c e s s a r yd a e m o n sf i r s t

VXSE Paths Rules Default Parameters

/ o p t / V R T S / v x s e / v x v m / e t c / d e f a u l t / v x s e

VxDMP
www.datadisk.co.uk/html_docs/veritas/veritas_lvm_cs.htm 7/8

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Veritas VxVM cheat sheet

see VxDMP for more information Veritas links

R e c o v e r yf e a t u r e s

http://prefetch.net/articles/veritasrecoveryfeatures.html

www.datadisk.co.uk/html_docs/veritas/veritas_lvm_cs.htm

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