Sema SEPIN

POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

THOMAS HOBBES-Leviathan

Thomas Hobes’ societal thoughts arose from because of the civil

war and inner situation of England in that time. There was weak and
unstable political power which rules dreamy the state, everyone was
quarreling with the right supposed on the power, at the appearance
everybody was rightful. It seems that there were no any peace
possibilities. People in the country were living without protection while
facing dangers by outsiders. This situation and this atmosphere was
made Hobbes having the though that this is the war which was every one
fighting each other. According to Hobbes it comes to end by the peace
and a rationalistic despotism to be established.

It is very natural the human being attitude to fight to everyone on

the other hand it is also natural willing the peace not to frighten to be
assaulted by everyone to reach his aim. In that case how can be reached
the peace? This can be done by justly distributing the requirements to
everybody by showing respect. By eliminating the needs giving up the
idea of attack will be the final resolution. Those were confirmed by the
act that is made by everyone to everyone.

The absolute administration belief constitutes the base of

philosophy of Hobbes. Ruler has been given endless rights, in this way
all rebellions and revolutions will be assumed against laws. Government

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is irresponsible for its actions to everyone or every institution. But
others are obligated to adjust to the ruler. For this reason, the ruler must
have the control of the whole force and authority. According to Hobbes,
the sovereignty can be in different types as given to one person, council,
from father to son or to be a longlasting ruler. While Hobbes is giving
unlimited authority to the absolute ruler, on the other hand the community
has to be arranged also with in the frame of societal act. Hobbes put
forward that human being nature is not suitable to socialize.

Man being under the effect of protection instinct, if it has not

communal agreement, commune will act on impulse or suit its interest in
order to be able to carry on its existence. According to Hobbes Man eats
the Man. Under this reality while every one wants to protect himself in
fact he will remain alone without defense. Civil wars are example to this
situation. On this route Man must give up to set forth the rights on every
thing, therefore it is the one way of societal peace or societal agreement.
At this stage Hobbes would invite the mind of human being. Some
creatures like ants or bees can become socialized instinctively but the
only thing is human being mind which will become socialized the Man.

In this way, human being, could have been passed through to a

position of natural jurisprudence whereby the mind. The requirements of
the mentioned law by all means will occur within the government and it
will be get sense in it. It is not enough to be known any action is bad but
its definition must be clarified in laws. And all of these it is compulsive the
existence of absolute ruler for the social order. For, government will be
able to have keen power like a giant. This polity would grasp both politic
and religious wardship finally polity will have Olympian power.