CARA BELAJAR 16 TENSES (VERBAL & NOMINAL SENTENCES) DAN CARA MEMBUAT KALIMAT PASSIVE NO KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA

TENSES (+) S+V1+O+A. RUMUS CONTOH KALIMAT VERBAL (+) I write a letter to her every month. (-) I dont write a letter to her every month. (-) S + dont +V1+O+ A. 1 Simple Present Tense doesnt (?) Do you write a letter to her every month? CONTOH KALIMAT NOMINAL I am a student of SMAN 1 Pabuaran KETERANGAN

Kalimat Verbal memiliki susunan kata kerja Kalimat Nominal tidak memiliki susunan kata kerja Dalam kalimat Positive, khusus untuk : She, He, It kata kerjanya ditambah: s/es.

(?) Do

+S+V1+O+A? (+) I am writing a letter to her now. I am a student of SMAN 1 Pabuaran Semua kata kerjanya ditambah: ing. Artinya sedang. Gunakan tobe present: I am, You are, They are, We are, He is, She is, It is.

Present

Does (+) S+ am + Ving +O+A. are is (-) S+am +not+ Ving+O+A. are Present Continuous Tense is

(-) I am not writing a letter to her now. 2

(?) Are you writing a letter to her now? (?)Am +S + Ving+O+A? Are Is (+) S+have+V3+O+A. has (-)S+have+not+V3+O+A. has 3 Present Perfect Tense (+) I have written a letter to her since eight I have been a student of Gunakan kata kerja Past Participle/V3 oclock this morning. SMAN 1 Pabuaran since 2009 Artinya sudah (-)I havent written a letter to her since eight Gunakan: been sebagai tobe perfect oclock this morning. (?)Have you written a letter to her since eight oclock this morning?

(?)Have+S+V3+O+A? Has Present (+) S+have+been+Ving+O+A. has (-)S+have+not+been+Ving+O+A. has (+) I have been writing a letter to her since I have been a student of Gunakan kata kerja Ving eight oclock this morning. SMAN 1 Pabuaran since 2009 Artinya sudah sedang/masih berlangsung (-)I havent been writing a letter to her since Gunakan: been sebagai tobe perfect eight oclock this morning. (?)Have you been writing a letter to her since eight oclock this morning?

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

(?)Have+S+been+Ving+O+A? Has

CARA BELAJAR 16 TENSES DENGAN CEPAT Untuk menempatkan V3/Past Participle pada Tenses Perfect, anda harus menghapal Irregular Verbs dan Regular Verbs. Untuk mempermudah anda mengetahui Irregular Verbs dibagian akhir terdapat daftar Irregular Verbs yang sering kita gunakan sehari-hari. Untuk memperlancar penggunaan Tenses diatas, buatlah kalimat yang menggambarkan Tenses diatas, baik Positive, Negative, atau Interrogative. Konsultasikan dengan guru anda hasil kalimat yang sudah anda buat! KELOMPOK TENSES CONTOH KALIMAT VERBAL (+) I wrote a letter to her last week. CONTOH KALIMAT NOMINAL I was a student of SMPN 1 Pabuaran last year.

NO

NAMA TENSES (+) S + V2 + O + A.

RUMUS

KETERANGAN

(-) I didnt write a letter to her last week. 5 Simple Past Tense (-) S + didnt + V1 + O + A. (?) Did you write a letter to her last week? Past

Gunakan V2/kata kerja past pada kal positive Dalam kalimat negative dan interrogative, gunakan V1 Sebagai modal gunakan: Did untuk se subyek. Dalam kalimat nominal gunakan tobe Past Tense: I was, She was, He was, It was, Yo were, They were, We were

(?) Did + S + V1 + O + A? (+) S + was + Ving + O + A. were (-) S + was +not+ Ving + O + A. were (?) Was +S + Ving +O+A? Were (+) I was writing a letter to her when the bell I was a student of SMPN 1 rang yesterday. Pabuaran last year. (-) I am not writing a letter to her when the bell rang yesterday. (?) Were you writing a letter to her when the bell rang?

Semua kata kerjanya ditambah: ing. Artinya sedang. Gunakan tobe Past Tense

Past Continuous Tense

Past

Past Perfect Tense

(+) S + had + V3 + O + A.

Gunakan kata kerja Past Participle/V (+) I had written a letter to her before You I had been a student of SMPN 1 Pabuaran when you cameArtinya sudah came here. into SMAN 1 Pabuaran. Gunakan: been sebagai tobe perfect (-)I hadnt written a letter to her before you came here. (?)Had you written a letter to her before he came here?

(-)S + hadnt + V3 + O + A.

(?)Had+S+V3+O+A?

(+) S+ had + been + Ving + O+A.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

(-)S+ hadnt + been +Ving+O+A.

(+) I had been writing a letter to her when I had been a student of SMAN Gunakan kata kerja Ving you called me. 1 Pabuaran when you were Gunakan: been sebagai tobe perfect (-)I hadnt been writing a letter to her when in Jakarta. you called me. (?)Had you been writing a letter to her when he called you?

(?)Had + S + been + Ving + O+A? The Simple Past digunakan untuk membicarakan kegiatan atau situasi yang mulai dan berakhir diwaktu lampau. Gunakan keterangan waktu: yesterday, last night, two days ago, in 2005, last week, long ago, last year, etc. Dalam Past Continuous Tense/Past Progressive Tense sering digunakan kata : While dan When. While diikuti oleh Continuous/progressive sedangkan when diikuti oleh Past Tense. Contoh: - While I was doing my home work, he came. - I was doing my home work when he came. The Past Perfect Tense digunakan untuk menerangkan aktivitas yang terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di waktu lampau. Dalam The Past perfect sering menggunakan kata Already contoh: I was not hungry at 08:00 p.m. I had already eaten. NO KELOMPOK TENSES Future NAMA TENSES RUMUS (+) S + will + V1 + O + A. CONTOH KALIMAT VERBAL (+) I will write a letter to her tomorrow. CONTOH KALIMAT NOMINAL KETERANGAN

I will be a student of SMAN Will/Shall 1 artinya akan Pabuaran next year. Future Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang akan terjadi. Gunakan V1

(-) I wont write a letter to her tomorrow. 9 Future Tense (-) S + wont + V1 + O + A. (?) Will you write a letter to her tomorrow? (?) Will + S + V1 + O + A? 10 Future Continuous Tense (+) S + will + be + Ving + O + A.

1 kata kerjanya ditambah: ing. (+) I will be writing a letter to her tomorrow.I will be a student of SMAN Semua Pabuaran next month Artinya akan sedang. Gunakan tobe Future: be (-) I wont be writing a letter to her tomorrow.

(-) S + wont + be + Ving +O+A.

(?) Will you be writing a letter to her tomorrow? (?) Will + S + be + Ving+ O + A? (+) S + will + have + V3 +O+ A.

(+) I will have written a letter to her by six I will have been a student ofGunakan kata kerja Past Participle/V SMAN 1 Pabuaran by next Artinya akan sudah o clock tomorrow. month. Gunakan: been sebagai tobe perfect

11

Future Perfect Tense

(-) S + wont +have +V3 +O+A.

(-)I wont have written a letter to her by six o clock tomorrow. (?) Will you have written a letter to her by six o clock tomorrow?

Future

(?) Will + S +have+ V3 + O + A? (+) S+will+have+been+Ving+O+A

(+) I will have been writing a letter to her at I will have been a student ofGunakan kata kerja Ving this time tomorrow. SMAN 1 Pabuaran by next Gunakan: been sebagai tobe perfect (-)I wont have been writing a letter to her at month. this time tomorrow. (?)Will you have been writing a letter to her at this time tomorrow?

12

Future Perfect Continuous Tense

(-)S+wont+have+been+Ving+O+A

(?) Will+S+have+been+Ving+O+A? Gunakan Future Tense untuk menerangkan kegiatan yang akan terjadi/akan dilaksanakan. Biasanya digunakan untuk merencanakan kegiatan atau aktivitas yang akan dilaksanakan pada waktu yang akan datang. Keterangan waktunya: tomorrow, tomorrow morning, next month, next year, etc. NO 13 KELOMPOK TENSES Past Future NAMA TENSES Past Future Tense RUMUS (+) S + would + V1 + O + A. CONTOH KALIMAT VERBAL CONTOH KALIMAT NOMINAL KETERANGAN

Would artinya akan (+) I would write a letter to her tomorrow I would be a student of SMAN 1 Pabuaran next year if I Past Future Tense digunakan untuk if she forgave me. passed the exam. menyatakan kegiatan yang akan terjadi terjadi di waktu lampau (-) I wouldnt write a letter to her if she Gunakan V1

forgave me. (-) S + wouldnt + V1 + O + A. (?) Would you write a letter to her if she forgave me? (?) Would + S + V1 + O + A? (+) S + would + be + Ving +O+ A. (+) I would be writing a letter to her tomorrow if she forgave me. (-) I wouldnt be writing a letter to her if she forgave me. (?) Would you be writing a letter to her if she forgave me?

Biasanya digunakan dalam penganda If clause/ kalimat tak langsung/indirect statement

I would be a student of SMAN Semua kata kerjanya ditambah: ing. 1 Pabuaran if I passed the Artinya akan sedang. exam. Gunakan tobe Future: be

14

Past Future Continuous (-) S +wouldnt +be +Ving +O+A. Tense

(?) Would + S+be + Ving+ O + A? (+) S + would + have +V3 +O+ A. (+) I would have written a letter to her. (-) I wouldnt have written a letter to her . (-) S +wouldnt+have +V3 +O+A. 15 Past Future Perfect Tense (?) Would you have written a letter to her ?

I would have been a studentGunakan kata kerja Past Participle/V of SMAN 1 Pabuaran by next Gunakan: been sebagai tobe perfect month.

(?) Would +S+have+ V3 + O+ A? Past Future (+) S+would+have+been+Ving+O+A

16

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

(-)S+wouldnt+have+been+Ving+O+A

I would have been a studentGunakan kata kerja Ving (+) I would have been writing a letter to her of SMAN 1 Pabuaran. Gunakan: been sebagai tobe perfect . (-)I wouldnt have been writing a letter to her . (?)Would you have been writing a letter to her ?

(?) Would+S+have+been+Ving+O+A? Berlatihlah membuat kalimat dalam berbagai Tenses. Biasakan bercakap sesuai kaidah Tenses yang sudah anda pelajari.

 Konsultasikan dengan guru anda dalam berlatih membuat contoh kalimat dalam berbagai Tenses. Setelah anda berlatih membuat kalimat pendek, kemudian anda berlatih membuat Teks yang sedang dan telah anda pelajari dari guru anda. Contoh: Narrative Texts; anda menggunakan Past Tense untuk membuat Narrative Texts. Selamat belajar, good luck! MERUBAH KALIMAT AKTIF MENJADI KALIMAT PASIF DALAM 16 TENSES NO 1 Present 2 Present Continuous Tense KELOMPOK TENSES NAMA TENSES Simple Present Tense CONTOH KALIMAT AKTIF I watch TV every day She writes a story every month I am watching TV now Father is painting the house I have watched TV since 2 hours ago 3 Present 4 Present Perfect Continuous Tense Present Perfect Tense Mother has cooked fried chicken since this morning I have been watching TV since you came here The doctors have been reading those books since TV has been being watched by me since you came here Those books have been being read by them since at 8 oclock a.m Been being Semua perfect continuous harus menggunakan been being CONTOH KALIMAT PASIF TV is watched by me every day A story is written by her every month TV is being watched by me now The house is being painted by father TV has been watched by me since 2 hours ago Fried chicken has been cooked by mother since this morning Been TOBE Am, is, are KETERANGAN Penggunaan to be disesuaikan

Being

Dalam continuous ditambahkan dengan tobe + being Semua perfect menggunakan tob been Penggunaan has dan have disesua dengan subjects

at 8 oclock a.m Ingat perubahan kata kerja irregular verbs menggunakan verbs ke tiga/past participle semua. Ingat regular verbs hanya tinggal menambahkan kata: ed/d semuanya. Bila anda menghadapi continuous maka anda harus menggunakan kata: being setelah to be KELOMPOK TENSES

NO

NAMA TENSES

CONTOH KALIMAT AKTIF I watched TV yesterday

CONTOH KALIMAT PASIF TV was watched by me yesterday A story was written by her last month

TOBE

KETERANGAN Gunakan to be was atau were

5 Past 6

Simple Past Tense She wrote a story last month I was watching TV yesterday Past Continuous Tense She was writing a story when I called

Was, were

TV was being watched by me yesterday A story was being written by her when I called Was, were + being

Gunakan being setelah tobe was were

Past

Past Perfect Tense

I had written a letter to her before You came here

A letter had been written by me to her before You came here An apple had been bought by her when you

Been

Gunakan been

bought this pen Nila had bought an apple when you bought this pen Past Perfect Continuous Tense I had been writing a letter to her before You A letter had been being written by me to her came here before You came here Nila had been buying an apple when you bought An apple had been being bought by her when you this pen bought this pen CONTOH KALIMAT AKTIF They will play foot ball tomorrow He will invite me at his birthday party next week They will be playing foot ball tomorrow He will be inviting me at his birthday party next week CONTOH KALIMAT PASIF Foot ball will be played by them tomorrow I will be invited by him at his birthday party next week Foot ball will be being played by them tomorrow I will be being invited by him at his birthday party next week This coffee will have been drunk by us by seven oclock tomorrow A letter will have been written by me to her by six o clock tomorrow. Gunakan been being Been being

NO 9

KELOMPOK TENSES

NAMA TENSES Future Tense

TOBE

KETERANGAN Gunakan will be untuk future

Be Gunakan be being Be being Gunakan will have been Been

Future 10 Future Continuous Tense

11 Future 12

We will have drunk this coffee by seven oclock tomorrow Future Perfect Tense I will have written a letter to her by six o clock tomorrow. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

We will have been drinking this coffee by seven This coffee will have been being drunk by us by oclock tomorrow seven oclock tomorrow I will have been writing a letter to her by six o A letter will have been being written by me to clock tomorrow. her by six o clock tomorrow.

Gunakan will have been being Been being

NO 13

KELOMPOK TENSES

NAMA TENSES Past Future Tense

CONTOH KALIMAT AKTIF Agnes would sing this song if I came here I would write a letter to her tomorrow if she forgave me. Agnes would be singing this song if I came here

CONTOH KALIMAT PASIF This song would be sung by Agnes if I came here A letter would be written by me to her tomorrow if she forgave me. This song would be being sung by Agnes if I came here A letter would be being written by me to her tomorrow if she forgave me. This song would have been sung by Agnes if I came here

TOBE Gunakan be Be

KETERANGAN

Past Future 14 15 Past Future

Gunakan would be being Be being Been Gunakan would have been

Past Future Continuous I would be writing a letter to her tomorrow if she Tense forgave me. Past Future Perfect Tense Agnes would have sung this song if I came here I would have written a letter to her tomorrow if she

16

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

A letter would have been written by me to her tomorrow if she forgave me. Agnes would have been singing this song if I came hereThis song would have been being sung by Agnes I would have been writing a letter to her tomorrow if if I came here she forgave me. A letter would have been being written by me to her tomorrow if she forgave me.

forgave me.

Gunakan would have been being Been being

Berlatihlah membuat kalimat dalam berbagai Tenses. Biasakan bercakap sesuai kaidah Tenses yang sudah anda pelajari. Konsultasikan dengan guru anda dalam berlatih membuat contoh kalimat dalam berbagai Tenses. Setelah anda berlatih membuat kalimat pendek, kemudian anda berlatih membuat Teks yang sedang dan telah anda pelajari dari guru anda. Contoh: Narrative Texts; anda menggunakan Past Tense untuk membuat Narrative Texts. Selamat belajar, good luck!