1

1colloquium 1 TEST 1. Give the definition of vacation hyperemia =3 2. Name basic hemorrhage types into tissue. p=4 3. Patient died from heart failure. During post-mortem examination, you see Enlarged firm spleen with smooth capsule; the cut surface has a meaty appearance without a scrape, dark cherry color with cyanotic hue. Name spleen changes of the patient. p=2 4. Specify basic ways of collateral blood flow connected with hepatic cirrhosis. p=3 5. Specify possible consequences of thrombus. p=6 6. Cadaver after twenty four hours in a warm room, has a gray and green belly skin, its soft tissues have crepitas with palpation, contain gas bubbles. What is the name of these cadaver changes and what is their etiology? =3 7. What is gangrene? p=4 8. Give the definition of autolysis term. p=4 9. What is the definition of hydropic change. p=3 10. Specify types of stromal-vascular disproteinosis? p=4 11. What is leukoderma? p=3 p=40

1colloquium 1 ETALON 1. Vacation (discopressive) hyperemia is termed hyperemia caused by decreasing barometric pressure. p=3 2. Hematoma, Hemorrhagic infiltration, Petecchii, and Ecchymosae P=4 3. Cyanotic induration of the spleen. p=2 4. Porto-esophageal, porto-umbilical, porto-rectal. p=3 5. Organization, canalization, calcification (phleboliths), septic dissolution, aseptic dissolution, thromboembolism. p=6 6. Cadaver emphysema, cadaver stains, autolysis. =3 7. Gangrene is a necrosis of tissue contacting with the environment factors. p=4 8. Autolysis is named enzymatic digestion of the dead cells by their own hydrolytic enzymes. =4 9. It is a type of parenchymal disproteinosis with the cellular swelling and fluid babbles formation within cytoplasm. p=4 10. Mucoid swelling, fibrinoid swelling, hyalinosis, and amyloidosis. p=4 11. Leukoderma is local depigmentation of the skin. p=3 p=40

1colloquium 2 TEST 1. Specify anatomic cavities and give Latin terms of hemorrhagic types when blood accumulates in the body cavities. p=6 2. What is hematoma? p=3 3. Specify processes which take place with brown induration of lungs. =4 4. Specify arteries where can see the most frequent arterial thrombosis. p=6 5. Name possible consequences of necrosis. p=6 6. Give the definition of dystrophy. P=3 7. Give the definition of necrosis. p=4 8. Name characteristics of hemosiderin properties: a) physical state; b) color; c) its location; d) iron content; e) formation time p=5 9. What is Icing spleen? p=1 10. Specify peculiarities of cardiomyocytes damage in moderate and profound hypoxia. p=2 p=40

1colloquium 2 ETALON 1. Hemopericardium is termed blood accumulated in the pericardial cavity Hemothorax is termed blood accumulated in the pleural cavity, and Hemoperitoneum is termed blood accumulated in the abdominal cavity. p=6 2. Hematoma is termed hemorrhage with cavity formation filled with blood and tissue destruction. p=3 3. Chronic venous hyperemia, diapedetic hemorrhage, local hemosiderosis, sclerosis. p= 4 4. 1Aorta; 2 cerebral; 3 coronary; 4 renal; 5 femoral artery; 6 mesenteric superior artery. p=6 5. Organization, cyst formation, pretrification, mutilation, encapsulation, purulence. P=6 p=6 6. Dystrophy is named pathologic process metabolism abnormality with structure damage. p=3 7. Necrosis is death of cells, tissue and organ part in the living organism. p=4 8. a) amorphous; b) brown; c) intracellular; d) iron content; e) 24-48 hours 9. Icing spleen is hyalinosis of spleen capsule. p=40

1colloquium 3 TEST 1. Explain the hemoptoe of patient with lung carcinoma. p=2 2. What do morphological changes originate in tissues and organs from right-sided heart decompensation? )the liver..., b)kidneys..., c)the spleen..., d) serous cavities =4

3. Give names of frequent causes of the hemopericardium.p=2 4. What are cells of heart valvular diseases? Where are they detected during medical examination? What happens in the lungs? p=3 5. Give the definition of hemorrhagic infiltration. p=4 6. Specify possible consequences of fatty embolism. p=3 7. Name organs with hemorrhagic infarction. p=3 8. Explain mechanisms of cardiomyocytes damage in diphtheria. p=3 9. What is demarcating inflammation? p=2 10. What is tissue detritus? p=2 11. What is the cause of tiger heart with fatty degeneration? p=1 12. Name jaundice types according to mechanisms of development. p=3 13. Specify parenchymal disproteinosis. p=3 14. Name types of amyloidosis according to its organ locations. p= 6

P=40

1colloquium 3 ETALON 1. Erosion of the vessel by carcinoma (PER DIABROSIN). Blood in sputum. p=2 2. a) nutmeg liver; b) cyanotic induration c) cyanotic induration; d) transudate (edema). p=4 3. Rupture of the myocardial infarction or rupture of the aortic aneurism. p=2 4. Siderophages in the phlegm. Left-sided heart failure. Chronic venous hyperemia or congestion (brown induration of the lung). p=3 5. Hemorrhagic infiltration is the type of hemorrhage with tissue saturation without tissue damage. p=3 6. 1 Emulation of the fat; 2 death when about 2/3 capillaries of the lung are obturated by fatty drops; 3 death occurs when small vessels of the brain are obturated by fatty drops. p=3 7. The lung, intestine, brain. p=3 8. Exotoxin of Corynebacterium diphtheriae blockades carnitin metabolism within mitochondria. p=3 9. Demarcating inflammation is termed the inflammation between normal and necrotic tissues. p=2 10. Tissue detritus is termed a product of autolysis. p=2 11. Moderate hypoxia. p=1 12. Hemolytic (supra hepatic), parenchymal (hepatic) and mechanical (obstructive, sub hepatic). p=3 13. Vacuolar dystrophy, hyaline droplet dystrophy, hyperkeratosis. p=3 14. The kidney, liver, intestine, adrenal gland, heart, brain. p=6

p=40

1colloquium 4 TEST 1. In patient with mitral valvular disease, cough and rusty phlegm affair. Explain rusty of the phlegm. Define the state of left heart and lungs. p=3. 2. What is plasmorrhagia? p=3 3. What is collateral hyperemia? =3 4. What is stasis p= 3 5. Name basic macroscopic [gross] signs of chronic venous hyperemia due to rhigt-side heart insufficiency. p=4 6. Give definition of thrombosis p=3 7. Specify types of the infarction. p=3 8. Give classification of embolism according to blood flow. p=3 9. What is mutilation? p=3 10. Specify time interval irreversible of ischemic injury of cardiomyocytes and Their diagnose possibilities by routine light microscopy. p=2 11. What is decomposition? Which is it the other term for it? p=3 12. Give definition of hyalinosis. p=3 13. Specify hemoglobinogenic pigments , which includes iron. p=4 p=40

1colloquium 4 ETALON 1. Siderophages are in the sputum. Left-sided heart insufficiency. Chronic venous hyperemia or brown induration of the lungs. p=3 2. Plasmorrhagia is termed plasma outcome from vascular lumen with saturation of surrounding tissues due to vascular high permeability. p=3 3. There is type of local hyperemia as general vessel obstracted. p=3 4. Stasis is termed the cessation of the natural blood stream in a living organism. p=3 5. Nutmeg liver, cyanotic induration of the kidneys and spleen and edema. p=4 6. Thrombosis is termed blood clotting within the vascular system or the cardiac chambers of a living organism. p=3 7. White, red, white with red border. p=3 8. Direct, indirect, paradoxal p=3 9. Tearing away necrotic part of the organ. p=3 10. 30-40 min; 10-12 hours. p=2 11. Decomposition is termed the type of injury connected with the destruction mechanism of mitochondrii, membranes and other organelles. Phanerosis. p=3 12. Hyalinosis is type of stromal vascular disproteinosis with appearance cartilage-like protein. p=3 13. Ferritin, hemosiderin, hematin, porphyrin. p=4 p=40

1colloquium 5 TEST 1. Specify English and give Latin terms of external hemorrhage types p=14 2. Identify emboli according to their composition. p=7 3. Specify conditions lead to hemorrhagic infarction of the lung. Describe its typical clinical symptoms. p=4 4. The patient deceased with heart failure, has got dark red airless, triangular sites under the pleura. The lumen of vessels is closed by dark red, solid clots, not extracted of the lung at a shot distance from vessels. Give the name of these changes and explain the cause of blood disturbances in vessels of the deceased. p=3 5. Name cellular changes due to virus action. p=4 6. What is a fatty cellular change (dystrophy)? p=2 7. What are diseases which the most often complicated by secondary amyloidosis? p=3 8. Specify gallstones according to their chemical structure. p=3

p=40

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1colloquium 5 ETALON 1. Nasal hemorrhage is termed Epistaxis, blood vomiting Hematemesis, irregular bleeding between the periods Metrorrhagia, regular bleeding in the periodsmenorrhagia, the presence of blood in the urine Hematuria, tarry stool as a sign of bleeding in the gastrointestinal lumen Melena, the presence of blood in the phlegm Hemoptoe. p=14 2. Thromboembolism, fatty; bubble of air; nitrogen; tissue embolism; foreign bodies; microbial (bacterial) embolism. p=7 3. Chronic venous hyperemia, double blood supply, hemoptoe, pain in the chest. p=3 4. Hemorrhagic infarct. Thrombosis of the pulmonary arteries. p=3 5. Damage of cellular skeleton; polynuclear cells; virus inclusions; cytolysis. p=4 6. Fatty cellular change is termed cellular lipid metabolism abnormality with cellular injure. p=2 7. Chonic purulent osteomielitis, Bronchiectetic disease, Chronic abscess of the lung, Rheumatoid arthritis. P=4 10. Cholesterol, pigment, mixed. p=3 p=40

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1colloquium 6 TEST 1. Explain mechanism names of the hemorrhage from gastric ulcer. p=2 2. During postmortem examination, there were found network of enlargement hypodermic and esophagus veins. Name the process. What is the basic vessel with blood stream disorders? What is the significance of designated veins? p=3 3. Give classification of hemorrhage according to source? p=5 4. What is retrograde embolism? p=2 5. In Deceased patient with purulent wound of thigh and regional thrombophlebitis, multitudinous abscesses are found in internal organs. What is the name of the process within internal organs? What are mechanisms in its basis? p=2 6. What are mechanisms of the death with pulmonary thromboembolism? p=3 7. Name diseases lead to left-sided heart failure prove. =3 8. Specify tissues and organs in which usually fibrinoid swelling develops. p=4 9. Name morphologic types of thrombus. p=4 10. The patient deceased with heart failure, has got dark red airless, triangular under the pleura. The lumen of vessels is closed by dark red, solid clots, not extracted of the lung. Give the name of these changes and explain the cause of blood disturbances in vessels of the deceased. p=3 11. Name local and general depigmentation. p=3 12. Specify cellular changes due to pathological agent action. p=4 13. Specify tumors with melanin development. p=2 p=40 sites

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1colloquium 6 ETALON 1. Erosion of the vessel. Per diabrosin. p=2 2. Collateral hyperemia. Portal vein. Adaptive and compensatory process. p=3 3. Arterial, venous, capillary, parenchymal, and hemorrhage from the cardiac chambers. p=5 4. Retrograde embolism is termed movement of emboli against blood flow under influence of the gravitation. p=2 5. The name of the process is metastasis. Mechanisms are microbial embolism. p=2 6. There is thromboembolism in the pulmonary artery with pulmobronchyal and pulmocoronary reflexes and mechanic obturation of arterial lumen. p=3 7. Arterial hypertension, aortic valve diseases, ischemic heart failure. p=3 8. Vascular wall, endocardium, cardiac valves, stroma of organs. p=4 9. Red, white, mixed, hyaline. p=4 10. Hemorrhagic infarct. Thrombosis of the pulmonary arteries. p=3 11. Adaptation, reversible injure, irreversible injure, necrosis. p=4 12. Albinism, leukoderma, vitiligo. p=3 13. Nevus, melanocarcinoma (melanoma). p=2 p=40

1colloquium

13

7TEST 1. Give figurative name of the liver in chronic venous hyperemia. p=1 2. Name microscopically parts of mixed thrombus. p=4 3. Specify and give Latin terms of hemorrhagic types when blood accumulates in the body cavities. p=6 4. In deceased patient was found chronic venous hyperemia in internal organs, edema, and dropsy of anatomic cavities. Name cause of death. p=2 5. What is gangrene? p=3 6. Specify basic sources of thromboembolism of pulmonary arteries. p=5 7. During postmortem examination wet elastic plagues of blood with smooth surface are found. They are extracted from vessels very easily. What is their name? What are they differentiated with? p=2 8. Give characteristics of hematoidin: a) chemical structure; b) color; c) does it contain iron? d) how much time does it appear in? p=4 9. Specify cytoplasm changes of necrosis. p=3 10. What is infarction? p=3 11. The deceased is on section table. He is a very exhausted male. He has hyper pigmentation of the skin and his both adrenals are destroyed by tubercular process. What is the disease described above? Give its figurative name. p=2 12. Give the definition of mucoid swelling. p=5 P=40

1colloquium

14

7 ETALON 1. Nut meg liver. p=1 2. Fibrin, thrombocytes, erythrocytes, leukocytes. P=4 3. Hemopericardium is termed blood accumulated in the pericardial cavity. Hemothorax is termed blood accumulated in the pleural cavity, and Hemoperitoneum is termed blood accumulated in the abdominal cavity. p=6 4. Right-sided heart failure. p=2 5. Gangrene is type of necrosis where necrotic tissue is connected with environment. p=3 6. Deep veins of the leg; right atrial auricle, right ventricle, veins of the small pelvis; inferior vena cava. p=5 7. Blood clot should be differentiated with thrombus. p=2 8. a) crystals; b) yellow; c) no; d) 7 days. p=4 9. Plasmolysis, plasmorrhexis, precipitation of proteins. p=3 10. Infarction is type of necrosis due to acute blood supply diminished. p=3 11. Addison disease. Bronze-like disease p=2 12. Mucoid swelling is the type of stromal vascular disproteinosis, characterized by superficial and reversible disorganization of the connective tissue with proteinoglycans appearance and increase of vascular and tissue permeability. p=5 p=40

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1colloquium 8 TESTS 1. What does left-sided heart failure lead to? Name processes. =1 2. Specify and give Latin terms of hemorrhagic mechanisms. p=6 3. Specify local arterial hyperemia. p=5 4. Specify nuclear changes due to necrosis. p=3 5. Name clinical-morphological forms of necrosis. p=5 6. Specify possible consequences of fatty embolism. p=3 7. Name causes of infarction. p=4 8. What is demarcating inflammation? p=1 9. The female, 69 years old, was died. During post mortem examination Brain infarction was found. There were big ulcer tissues disintegrations of gray purple color on the skin of buttocks and sacrum and the bareness of the sacrum bone with rotting smell. Give names of the process in the skin; its types and explain its origin. p=5 10. What is decomposition? Which is it the other term for it? p=3 11. Specify hemoglobinogenic pigments which are in normal organism. p=3 12. Name Greek term for blood volume losses. p=1 p=40

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1colloquium 8 ETALON 1. Broun induration of the lung (chronic venous hyperemia). p=1. 2. Per rhexin- rupture of vascular wall; per diabrosin- erosion of vascular Wall; per diapedesin- hyper permeability of vascular wall. p=6 3. Inflammative hyperemia; hyperemia after ischemia; angioneurotic hyperemia; arterio-venous shunt; collateral hyperemia. p=5 4. Karyorrhexis; karyopiknosis; karyolysis. p=3 5. Coagulative, liquefactive, infarction, gangrene, sequester. p=5 6. a) Emulation of the fat; b) death when about 2/3 capillaries of the lung are obturated by fatty drops; c) death when small vessels of the brain are obturated by fatty drops. p=3 7. a) Thrombosis of the artery; b) embolism; c) spasm for a long time; e) stenotic atherosclerosis. p=4 8. Demarcating inflammation is termed the inflammation between normal and necrotic tissues. p=1 9. Bedsore. Trophoneurotic necrosis. Wet gangrenous necrosis after pressure. p=5 10. Decomposition is termed the type of injury connected with the destruction of mitochondrii, membranes and other organelles. Phanerosis. p=3 11. Bilirubin, hemosiderin, ferritin. p=3 12.Ischemia. p=1 p=40

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1colloquium 9 TEST 1. What is Medusas heard (caput medusae) . What is the type of hemodynamic disorders? When does it happen? What is the cause? =4 2. What is the name of thrombus occluded vessel lumen? p=1 3. Give the definition of embolism. p=3 4. Mitral valve leaflets are grown together with stenosis. There is free spherical large thrombus with smooth surface into left atrium. Explain its formation. p=3 5. What are cases with fatty embolism lead to death? =2 6. Name types of necrosis according to etiology. p=5 7. Hemorrhage and forming cyst are found within the brain during the section. The cyst is filled with yellow and brown substances. Name pigments and time of hemorrhage duration. p=3 8. During operation with hernia dissection, a surgeon saw small intestine loop which was dark purple, edematous, flabby. The loop needed cutting. Name process within the small intestine loop. Explain necessity of loop removal. P=3 9. Patient suddenly died. In postmortem examination were found lumen of the middle cerebral artery was closed with thrombus. Temporal and parietal lobes of left hemisphere had disturbance correlation of gray and white substances: there was an extensive source of gelatinous and friable gray tissue. Give the name of the process. p=2 10. Why does swelling of cells and organelles arise after cellular membranes destruction? p=3 11. What is a substance accumulated within renal cells in diabetes mellitus? p=1 12. Present examples dystrophic lime stones with necrosis and inflammation. p=6 13. What are bile ducts closed with stone lead to the progress of mechanic jaundice? p=2 14. What is the term for hereditary failure of melanin production? p=1 p=40

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1colloquium 9 ETALON 1. Widening of umbilical veins. Collateral hyperemia. Portal cirrhosis. Portal hypertension. p=3 2. Obturative. p=1 3. Embolism is termed process of abnormal substances transfer by blood stream and blood vessel occlusion with the substances. p=3 4. Small Thrombus parts come out from leaflet thrombotic masses on mitral valve and polished by blood in atrium chamber. p=3 5. Clotting of 2/3 or vascular volume of the lung or embolism in cerebral or cardiac arteries. p=4 6. Traumatic, toxic, trophoneurotic, allergic, ischemic. p=5 7. Hemosiderin, hematoidin; more 7 days, because of hematoidin is presence. p=4 8. Wet gangrene. Peritonitis. Intoxication. p=3 9. Ischemic infarction of the brain. p=2 10. Pinotic reabsorbtion of protein leads to increasing of osmotic cellular pressure, K-Na pomp destruction, sodium and water come to cell. p=3 11. Glycogen. p=1 12. Atherosclerotic plaque, cardiac valve, around dead parasites, shell heart, necrotic skeletal muscles, tuberculosis. p=6 13. obstructive gallstone of common hepatic or common bile duct. p=2 14. Albinism. p=1 p=40

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1colloquium 10 TESTS 1. What do morphological changes originate in tissues and organs from right sided heart decompensation? a) the liver; b) the kidney; c) the spleen d) serous cavities. P=4 2. What is the name thrombus to occlude vascular lumen? p=1 3. Specify the most frequent venous thrombosi. p= 6 4. Give the definition of tissue embolism. p=3. 5. Specify contributory conditions for development of fatty embolism. p=3 6. What do morphologic signs of cellular reaction in pathogenic factor action depend on? p=4 7. Give the definition of fibrinoid swelling. p=4 8. Specify diseases and conditions with typical syndrome of mechanic jaundice. p=4 9. Specify types of wet gangrene? p=2 10. Disclose two basic mechanisms of appearance of fatty droplet in cardiomyocytes in hypoxia. p=6 11. Name types of calcification. p=3 p=40

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1colloquium 10 ETALON 1. Nutmeg liver; cyanotic induration of the kidneys and spleen, and dropsy. p=4 2. Obturative. p=1 3. Veins of the leg, veins of small pelvis, vena cava inferior, right ventricle of the heart, subclavian vein. p=6 4. Tissue embolism is termed process of tissue part transfer by blood stream and blood vessel occlusion with them. p=3 5. Fracture of the tubular bone; crushing of subcutaneous fat; mistaken oil injection to blood. p=3 6. From type and action time of pathogenic factor; from type and state of the tissue (cells) p=4 7. Fibrinoid swelling is the type of stromal-vascular disproteinosis, characterized by deep and irreversible disorganization of the connective tissue with increase of vascular and tissue permeability. p=4 8. Cholelithiasis (stone of the common bile duct or common hepatic duct); carcinoma of the pancreatic head; carcinoma of bile papilla; metastasis in lymph no/6des of hepatic port. p=4 9. Bedsore, noma. p=2 10. Prolonged moderate hypoxia leads to anaerobic metabolism and loss of ATP synthesis, detachment of ribosomes, reduction of protein synthesis and lipid deposition; destruction of mitochondrii and reduction of lipid oxygenation. p=6 11. Dystrophic, metabolic and metastatic calcification, p=3 p=40