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To avoid Cavitation, we have to increase the Pump size to One or Two Inch; To increase the pressure of the Suction Head, or Decrease the Pump Speed.
2. Which pump is more efficient Centrifugal pump or Reciprocating pump? Centrifugal pump. Because flow rate is higher compared to reciprocating pump. Flow is smooth and it requires less space to install. Lower initial cost and lower maintenance cost.
3. Why Centrifugal Pump is not called as a Positive Displacement Type of Pump? The centrifugal has varying flow depending on pressure or head, whereas the Positive Displacement pump has more or less constant flow regardless of pressure. Likewise viscosity is constant for positive displacement pump where centrifugal pump have up and down value because the higher viscosity liquids fill the clearances of the pump causing a higher volumetric efficiency. When there is a viscosity change in supply there is also greater loss in the system. This means change in pump flow affected by the pressure change. One more example is, positive displacement pump has more or less constant efficiency, where centrifugal pump has varying efficiency rate.
4. Why the centrifugal pump is called high discharge pump? Centrifugal pump is a kinetic device. The centrifugal pump uses the centrifugal force to push out the fluid. So the liquid entering the pump receives kinetic energy from the rotating impeller. The centrifugal action of the impeller accelerates the liquid to a high velocity, transferring mechanical (rotational) energy to the liquid. So it discharges the liquid in high rate. It is given in the following formulae: Centrifugal force F= (M*V2)/R. Where,
M-Mass V-Velocity R-Radius 5. Why cavitation will occur in Centrifugal Pumps and not in Displacement pumps? The formation of cavities (or bubbles) is induced by flow separation, or non-uniform flow velocities, inside a pump casing. In centrifugal pumps the eye of the pump impeller is smaller than the flow area of pipe. This decrease in flow area of pump results in increase in flow rate. So pressure drop happened between pump suction and the vanes of the impeller. Here air bubbles or cavities are formed because of liquid vapour due to increase in temperature in impeller. This air bubbles are transmitted to pump which forms cavitation. 1. What is the difference between Fan and Blower?
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Fan is an air pushing device. Either Axial or Centrifugal type systems are used to
When the fan is a housing of blades and motor, then it called as Blower. It directs the air in a single path with high pressure.
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Heat rate is a measure of the turbine efficiency. It is determined from the total
energy input supplied to the Turbine divided by the electrical energy output
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Bubble generation and Bubble implosion which occurs in a flowing liquid as a result of a decrease and subsequent increase in pressure.
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Compressor
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Face of Flange, The F.O.F (Raised face and Flat face) is used to know the accurate
dimension of the flange in order to avoid the minute errors in measurement in case of vertical or horizontal pipe lines.
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Pressure washing of Aircraft, Trains, Boats and Road vehicles as well as Spray
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A pump does not create pressure, it only creates flow. Pressure is a measurement
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Normally the temperature range from 80 degree to 110 degree Celsius. So the
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accuracy, completeness, cost, and speed is called as Performance. What is the difference between Technology and Engineering?
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Engineering. A bridge can be made by using beams to bear the load,by an arc or by hanging in a cable; all shows different technology but comes under civil engineering and science applied is laws of force/load distribution.
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Wet bulb temperature is measured in a wet bulb thermometer by covering the bulb
with a wick and wetting it with water. It corresponds to the dew point temperature and relative humidity.
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Advantages
1. Complete combustion
2. Fuel saving
3. Homogenous combustion
Disadvantages
1. As complete combustion is occurring ,more heat liberated,not advised for long journey, engine will be over heated
2. Installation is difficult
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The rated speed tells us about the maximum speed which can be achieved by a
vehicle or some other machine but the economical speed means the speed limit at which the machine works efficiently with least consumption of fuel.eg-in normal bikes(not racing),the max.speed limit shown on speedometer is upto 120 kmph but companies always advice their customers to drive such bikes at around 60 kmph to have maximum mileage.
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Powder technology is one of the ways of making bearing material. In this method
metals like bronze, Al, Fe are mixed and compressed to make an alloy.
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First Law: Energy can be neither created nor destroyed. It can only change forms. In any process in an isolated system, the total energy remains the same.
Second Law: When two isolated systems in separate but nearby regions of space, each in thermodynamic equilibrium in itself, but not in equilibrium with each other at first, are at some time allowed to interact, breaking the isolation that separates the two systems, and they exchange matter or energy, they will eventually reach a mutual thermodynamic equilibrium. The sum of the entropies of the initial, isolated systems is less than or equal to the entropy of the final exchanging systems. In the process of reaching a new thermodynamic equilibrium, entropy has increased, or at least has not decreased.
Third Law: As temperature approaches absolute zero, the entropy of a system approaches a minimum.
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Bilateral tolerance is tolerance in which variation is permitted in both direction from the specified direction.e.g. 1800 +0.060/-0.060
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7018 =
1= welding position
8=current flux
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In Welding concentrated heat (high temperature) is applied at the joint of metal and
fuse together.
In Brazing involves significantly lower temperatures and does not entail the melting of base metals. Instead, a filler metal is melted and forced to flow into the joint through capillary action.
10.
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Diesel engine has the better efficiency out of two. Why the Centrifugal Pump is called High Discharge pump?
Ans.
Centrifugal pump is a kinetic device. The centrifugal pump uses the centrifugal
force to push out the fluid. So the liquid entering the pump receives kinetic energy from the rotating impeller. The centrifugal action of the impeller accelerates the liquid to a high velocity, transferring mechanical (rotational) energy to the liquid. So it discharges the liquid in high rate. It is given in the following formulae:
Where,
M-Mass
V-Velocity
R-Radius
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To avoid Cavitation, we have to increase the Pump size to One or Two Inch;
3.
Why Cavitation will occur in Centrifugal Pump and not in Displacement Pump?
Ans.
uniform flow velocities, inside a pump casing. In centrifugal pumps the eye of the pump impeller is smaller than the flow area of pipe. This decrease in flow area of pump results in increase in flow rate. So pressure drop happened between pump suction and the vanes of the impeller. Here air bubbles or cavities are formed because of liquid vapour due to increase in temperature in impeller. This air bubbles are transmitted to pump which forms cavitation.
4.
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Flow is smooth and it requires less space to install. Lower initial cost and lower maintenance cost.
5.
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The centrifugal has varying flow depending on pressure or head, whereas the
Positive Displacement pump has more or less constant flow regardless of pressure.
Likewise viscosity is constant for positive displacement pump where centrifugal pump have up and down value because the higher viscosity liquids fill the clearances of the pump causing a higher volumetric efficiency. When there is a viscosity change in supply there is also greater loss in the system. This means change in pump flow affected by the pressure change.
One more example is, positive displacement pump has more or less constant efficiency, where centrifugal pump has varying efficiency rate. Why Entropy decreases with increase in temperature?
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2.
Why different types of sound are produced in different bikes, though they run on
SI Engines?
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(CC), Ignition timing. Also the exhaust passage takes more responsible for sound.
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746.2 Watt
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Rear wheel sprocket works under the principle of ratchet and pawl.
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Octane No.- Octane number is defined as the percentage, by volume, of iso octane
in the mixture of iso octane and h-heptane. It is the measure of rating of SI engine.
Cetane No.- Cetane number is defined as the percentage, by volume, of n-cetane in the mixture of n-cetane and alpha methyl naphthalene. It is the measure of rating of CI engine.
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Differential mechanism
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Divide the shaft diameter size by 5, it will give last two digit of the bearing no. and
according to type of load we have to choose the type of bearing and that will give prior number of the bearing.
9.
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Improving the surface finish by Polishing & providing residual stress by Shot
10.
What happens if gasoline is used in a Diesel Engine, Siesel Engine will work?
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No, It will not work, as the Compression ratio of Petrol engine is 6 to 10 & that of
Diesel engine is 15 to 22. Thus on such high compression, gasoline gets highly compressed & it may blast.
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other two directions perpendicular tothe direction of compression. This phenomenon is called thePoisson effect. Poissons ratio is a measure of the Poisson effect.
Thus Poissons ratio is higher in RUBBER. 1. What is the difference between Fan and Blower?
Ans.
Fan is an air pushing device. Either Axial or Centrifugal type systems are used to
When the fan is a housing of blades and motor, then it called as Blower. It directs the air in a single path with high pressure.
2.
Ans.
Heat rate is a measure of the turbine efficiency. It is determined from the total
energy input supplied to the Turbine divided by the electrical energy output
3.
Ans.
Bubble generation and Bubble implosion which occurs in a flowing liquid as a result of a decrease and subsequent increase in pressure.
4.
Ans.
5.
Ans.
Compressor
6.
Ans.
Face of Flange, The F.O.F (Raised face and Flat face) is used to know the accurate
dimension of the flange in order to avoid the minute errors in measurement in case of vertical or horizontal pipe lines.
7.
Ans.
Pressure washing of Aircraft, Trains, Boats and Road vehicles as well as Spray
8.
Ans.
A pump does not create pressure, it only creates flow. Pressure is a measurement
9.
Ans.
Normally the temperature range from 80 degree to 110 degree Celsius. So the
10.
Ans.
Efficiency is defined as the input given and the work obtained from that input like money, time, labour etc. Its the main factor of productivity. 1. Why are Head Gaskets blown? Normally head gasket blows, when the engine overheats and they can also blow from incorrect installation or poor design. Head gaskets expand and contract according to engine temperature, these cycles may happen after a long period of time, causes the gasket to fail. If youre replacing the gasket, check the engine block, and head for warping. Follow proper cleaning and torque specifications during assembly.
2. What is the difference between a Fence and a Wall? A fence is either more temporary or constructed from materials, other than concrete, stone or brick.
3. What is the Difference between a Humidifier and Vaporizer? The basic difference between humidifiers and vaporizers is that humidifiers disperse cool mist into the air, and vaporizers heat the water to disperse hot steam. Humidifiers are normally used in cooler climates, when due to the usage of heater, the air in the house becomes too dry for comfort and also, it becomes very difficult to breathe. Humidifiers release cool moisture droplets into the air. Vaporizers also help in moistening the dry air in the house, but vaporizers release hot vapour into the air. There is a heating element in the vaporizers, which help in releasing steam. Vaporizers heat the water and then release vapours. The basic difference between them is that one emits cold vapours, while the other one emits hot vapours.
4. What is the Difference between a Generator and Inverter? An inverter is only effective if there is already a source of electrical energy. It cannot generate its own. It can simply convert electrical energy that is already there. On the other hand, a traditional generator cannot make AC current into DC current.
5. What is the Difference between Quantitative and Qualitative Research? Quantitative research involves gathering data that is absolute, such as numerical data, so that it can be examined in as unbiased a manner as possible. Qualitative research may yield stories, or pictures, or descriptions of feelings and emotions. The interpretations given by research subjects are given weight in qualitative research, so there is no seeking to limit their bias. At the same time, researchers tend to become more emotionally attached to qualitative research, and so their own bias may also play heavily into the results.
6. Difference between Absorption and Adsorption In absorption, one substance (matter or energy) is taken into another substance. But in adsorption only the surface level interactions are taking place.
7. Difference between Liquid and Aqueous Liquid is a state of matter, while aqueous is a special type of liquid formed by dissolving a compound in water All aqueous solutions are liquids, but not all liquids are aqueous solutions
8. Difference between Gas and Vapour Vapour can turn back and forth into liquid and solid states but a gas cannot Gases cannot be see while vapours are visible Vapours settle down on ground while gases do not
9. Difference between Boiling Point and Melting Point - The melting point is a defined for solids when it transfers from solid state to liquid state. - The boiling point is defined for liquids for a state change from liquid to gas. - Boiling point is highly dependent on the external pressure whereas the melting point is independent of the external pressure.
10. Why is sound faster in warm air? The speed of sound in air cair = 331.3 + (0.66 x T) m/s, where T is the temperature in C. The speed of sound is proportional to gas temperature and inversely proportional to its molar mass. Sound is transferred by collisions of molecules. Therefore sound waves will travel faster on warm air because collisions of molecules of air in warm air is greater.
1. What is the difference between Pipe and Tube? Ex. Iron Pipe, Carbon Tube, Steel Tube etc. Tube is defined by Outer diameter and Wall thickness (OD and WT). While Pipe is defined by Inner diameter (ID). Example: 2 inch pipe have 2.375 inch outer diameter, where 2 inch tube have same 2 inch outer diameter. Tube is easily shaped by bending, where Pipe needs some mechanical work to shape it. Tube is tight then Pipe. Tube is applicable to non cylindrical sections like Square and Rectangular.
2. Is gate valve used for Throttling? Gate valves are not suitable for throttling because the control of flow is difficult for the valves design, and the flow of fluid slapping against a partially open gate can cause extensive damage to the valve.
3. Why is the Suction pipe of Vapour Compression Refrigeration system insulated? 1. It prevents the suction line from sweating and dripping water inside the house. 2. The insulation also prevents the suction line attracting heat from the outdoors on its way to the condenser coil.
4. How does Welding damage Eye sight? An Electric welding arc produces Ultraviolet light and the UV light (Sun burn) will damage the retina. Welding shields or Goggles with the proper shade (Automatic shading) of lens is the best protection
for welders. Light filtering curtains and reduced reflective surfaces help protect both welders and observers in the area.
5. Explain why BCC, FCC and CPH lattice packing and features of grain structure affect the Ductility and Brittleness of parent metallic materials? Ductility is the mechanical property of a material. (It is the materials ability to deform under the tensile stress without fracture). So it is depends on the atoms how they arranged in a lattice and its grain size. The ability to absorb the energy of the impact and fracture resistance depends on the arrangement of the atoms in a lattice and features of grain structure. 6. Why do you have Truss Bridges? Truss bridges carry load in tension and compression rather than bending (Self weight + The weight of vehicles crossing it + Wind loads). A truss has the ability to dissipate a load through the truss work. The beams are usually arranged in a repeated triangular pattern, since a triangle cannot be distorted by stress.
7. Why I-section beam is preferred for heavy loading? Cross sectional shape I, giving many benefits. It is very good for giving stiffness (less deformation on loading) and to withstand higher bending moments (as a result of heavy loading) on comparison with other cross-sectional shapes of same area. Also, it is very easy to manufacture. It will have more moment of inertia.
8. What is difference between Center of Mass and Center of Gravity? Both terms are same when gravity is uniform. When gravity is non-uniform following are the terms: The center of mass is a point that acts as if all the mass was centered there (the mass on one side of the point is equal to the mass on the opposite side). If supported at the center of mass, an object will be balanced under the influence of gravity.
The center of gravity is the point at which where the sum (vector) of the gravitational forces act on an object which will be balanced on that point.
9. What is the difference between Center of Mass and Centroid? If the material composing a body is uniform or homogeneous, the density or specific weight will be constant throughout the body, and then the centroid is the same as the center of gravity or center of mass. Centroid: Centroid is the point, where the whole area of plane is going to be act. It is valid only for 2D problems like plane figures, square plate etc. The center of mass is a point that acts as if all the mass was centered there (the mass on one side of the point is equal to the mass on the OPPOSITE side). If supported at the center of mass, an object will be balanced under the influence of gravity.
10. What are the differences between Weight and Mass? Mass is a measure of how much matter an object has. Mass is specified in Gram or Kilograms. Weight is a measure of how strongly gravity pulls on that matter. Force is measured in Newtons. F=m.g Thus if you were to travel to the moon your weight would change because the pull of gravity is weaker there than on Earth but, your mass would stay the same because you are still made up of the same amount of matter.
11. What is the difference between Projectile motion and a Rocket motion? A projectile has no motor/rocket on it, so all of its momentum is given to it as it is launched. An example of a projectile would be pen that you throw across a room. A rocket or missile does have a motor/rocket on it so it can accelerate itself while moving and so resist other forces such as gravity.
In mechanics point of view projectile dont have any particular shape it is a point mass. Whereas rocket has a particular shape and hence it has center of gravity situated at particular point on its body. Therefore rocket motion comes under kinetics and projectile comes under kinematics.
12. What type of cooling used in High Voltage Transformer? The big transformers you find on power poles usually use oil as a dielectric insulator, in smaller HV transformers, like the ones in TVs are usually filled with resin.
13. What is honing of Cylinder Liners? The honing equipment used has been manufactured by "Chris Marine". The head of the honing device consists of four synchronized stones. For the initial honing diamond stones are used to break up the hardened surface in the scuffed areas. For the main honing very coarse and hard stones are used to produce a very desirable rough surface all over the liner. The advantage, especially for the 2-stroke engines, is possibility to save the liner after a seizure, scuffing or blow-by or even to eliminate the ovality of the liner. Another advantage is that it is possible to machine a rough liner wall to obtain a well oiled surface.
14. What is the difference between Speed and Velocity? Speed is scalar quantity and Velocity is a vector velocity has both speed and direction. Speed is expressed as distance moved (d) per unit of time(t). Speed is measured in the same physical units of measurement as velocity, but does not contain an element of direction. Speed is thus the magnitude component of velocity.
15. Difference between Yield Stress and Yield Strength? Stress is a measure of the load applied to a sample relative to a cross sectional area of the sample.
Strength is a quantification of the samples ability to carry a load. The terms "yield strength" and "yield stress" of a material are usually used interchangeably (correct or not). It is the stress which will just cause the material to plastically deform. If a material yields at 30,000 psi, the yield stress is 30,000 psi. If the part in question has a cross sectional area of 2 square inches, the strength at yield would be 60,000 pounds, but usually we just say the yield strength is 30,000 psi.
16. What is the difference between Yield and Ultimate tensile strength? The yield strength is reached when the material becomes Non linear (that is non elastic) and takes a permanent set when load is released. Material stretches but does not break. Ultimate strength is when it breaks and is higher than yield strength.
17. What is the difference between Flexural strength and Tensile strength? Flexural strength is resistance offered against bending. Tensile strength is resistance offered against tensile force.
18. What is the difference between Shear and Tensile strength? Tensile Strength for a Bolt is determined by applying a Force along it long axis. Shear Strength for a Bolt is determined by applying a Force across its diameter, as it would be loaded in a lug joint. Tensile strength is strength in tension when pulling force is applied. And shear strength is strength against cutting force which is known as shear force.
19. What is the difference between Tensile strength and Tensile modulus? Tensile strength is the ultimate capacity of the material to resist a tensile load regardless of deflection. Tensile modulus also known as Youngs modulus is a measure of the stiffness of an isotropic elastic material. It is defined as the ratio of the uni-axial stress over the uni-axial strain. It is determined from the slope of a stress-strain curve traced during tensile tests conducted on a sample of the material.
What is the difference between a fence and a wall?
I would venture to say that a fence is either more temporary or constructed from materials, other than concrete stone or brick. How many PSI in 2.8 bar g? actually 1 bar is 14.50377 PSI so, 2.8 bars is 40.610 PSI What are the uses of footstep bearing? It is fitted at the bottom for carrying the total load. Name a material beginning with K? Kryptonite Kevlar Mechanical Properties for SAE 1010 steel? Carbon steel SAE 1010 What is stagger angle? The angle between chord line and turbine axial direction ( also known as setting angle) What is the maximum temperature produced in diesel engine during cycle? 47 How would you describe vibration? Vibration is the harmonic reaction of a structure to a force load. What the ANSI mean? American National Standards Institute Definition of mass in engineering mechanics? Mass is the measurement of resistance produce by the body to the velocity. What is the other name for ASTM-A36 Hot Rolled Steel? cheap Welding employed for plastics? Gas welding & Friction welding. Souvik Kumar Dey What is the tensile stress for mild steel rod? The tensile stress for mild steel is around 63,800 psi.
How many bar in 3000 psi? 204.08 What is the difference between pig iron and steel? simply put:pig iron has around 3.5% to 4.5% carbon. whereas, steel has from 0.2% to 2% or 2.1% carbon. Regarding Rigging what does JLG mean? A JLG is a brand name of mobile personal and equipment lifts used extensively in rigging. Where is the load located in a class two lever? In the middle, right between the force and the fulcrum.
What is a steam hose? A steam hose is a hose used for moving and directing steam. What is single girder and double girder EOT cranes? Because of Badgers! Can a mechanical engineer ever become an astronaut? No, never. Its not allowed. How many types of diesel generators? victory industrial products phone:1-800-732-9240 fax:513-575-1187 www.victoryindustrialproducts.com How do you test tensile strength of rope? The same way that you test the tensile strength of anything - break it in a universal testing machine!You have to be careful how... Where to add hydraulic fluid in a pro lift jack? there is a fill point on the cylinder itself, the manual says to keep in an upright position but i just did it on the ground. i... What is steam rate? Steam rate means how much mass of steam entering into system per time. Importance of lathe machines? Lathe machines can perform most widely used operations in Engineering. some of them are: Turning i.e workpiece will rotate... What Rockwell hardness a bolt 8.8 has? HRC 23-34 According to ASTM F568M (1996) Diagram of roller skates? See related link. How electromechanical coupling works? By converting mechanical signals to electrical signals Is biomedical engineering suitable for girls? No
Why as load increase the condenser temperature will also increase? the more the load the more the temperature. WHAT DO the letters MTR's mean in welding terms? MTR in welding? What is a roll off filter of a microphone? The roll off filter removes low frequencies. Usually at about 75 HZ and bellow. Types of stress in details in physics? 1.) Tension2.)Compression3.)Torsion4.)Bending5.) Shear What is the density of IS1239?
The question should be not IS 1239 but the pipe. It is approximately 8.3 gm /cc What type of pump used for water mist system? it uses centrifugal pump type to maintain pressure of 120 kg/cm2 What machines use gears? Almost anything that has mechanical movement. Cars, pencil sharpeners, electric drill.... the list goes on and on. A steam turbine has an efficiency of 40 percent A steam engine has an efficiency of 25.0 percent Suppose both devices are provided with 1000J of thermal energy How much more useful work will the ste? The steam turbine will produce 400 J of output, and the steam engine 250 J. That's what the efficiency figure means. Is gate valve used for throttling? Never. Throttling will erode the valve seat and then the valve will never shut off completely. Do you have to replace copper pipes? Almost never. What is the current price of TiAl4V? the price varies from 30 USD to 65 USD for TiAl4V ELI Grade 5 How can you reduce spatters in welding process? by having the machine properly set and good consumables. How do jet engines accelerate mid air? By increasing the firing in the Turbine. What gauge steel is 187 thick? Between 6 and 7 gauge. 6 is thicker at .194 inch. 7 is thinner at .179 inch. Why is a bell crank lever called so? because it was originally used for ringing bells .... What is intermittent welding? intermittent welding (also known as skip welding) is a pattern of welding that allows the weld joint to cool by welding in a... Does iron conduct more heat then aluminum? Aluminum What is lath martensite? Low carbon content <0.6% results in lath structure as opposed to plate or needle structure for high carbon content >0.6%
What is ST 37 hot rolled or cold rolled steel? (t)rolled What is cavitation effect?
cavitation is a phenomenon which caused ergonomically ruin, and create a pit at the level. AIEEE clossing rank of ITER Bhubaneswar? 400 state rank & 30000 alll-india rank What is a single fixed single movable effort up? it uses 2 pulleys workinf together !! hailey Who invented the steam engine? James Watt was the first inventor. What is an example of mechanical work? gears moving becase there connected to the crankshaft that is spinning What are three methods of shaping steel? milling, turning and shaping on a shaping machine .