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disease
Chemicals Pathogens (bacteria, protozoans, viruses)
The Good News: MN Public water supplies are doing a good job at protecting public health, and compliance with the Safe Drinking Water Act is very high (>99%) Majority of private wells provide a safe adequate supply The Bad News: Some private water supplies at risk knowledge limited Number of potential contaminants increasing, most unregulated
Pressing need to evaluate impacts on public health
2
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73 % from groundwater
Wells in Minnesota
Public Water Supply Wells serve 2.7 million people 11,000+ Public Wells Private Wells serve 1.2 million people ~250,000 Private Wells in operation
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quality, from those sources that require no treatment to those that are much like surface water sources Surface water and groundwater under the influence of surface water always requires a substantial amount of treatment
Groundwater Quality
Contaminants naturally-occurring & anthropogenic Microbiological
Bacteria, Viruses etc.
Chemical
Arsenic, Nitrate, PFCs
Radiological
Radium
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10
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11