Multilateral system

Baker Oil Tools is the industry leader in providing multilateral completions for all levels of functionality. The case histories listed below are not a complete list of every BOT completion, but rather a sample of the different kinds of multilateral installations performed to date.

Level Definitions

Level 2 Multilateral System

About TAML Categorization
TAML (Technology Advancement of Multilaterals) is a group of operators with multilateral experience who developed a categorization system for multilateral wells based on the amount and type of support provided at the junction. This categorization makes it easier for operators to recognize and compare the functionality and risk-to-reward evaluations of one multilateral completion design to another. Recognized TAML levels increase in complexity from Level 1 (simple open hole mainbore) through Level 6 as shown.

Level Definitions
A Baker Oil Tools Level 2 multilateral system delivers a junction which incorporates a cased and cemented mainbore with an open-hole lateral that can be completed barefoot or with a slotted liner or screen. If a permanent orientation and depth control point is desired for future re-entry work, a permanent multilateral packer However, can if be full-bore used access with through a the WindowMaster?Whipstock a casing exit system.

mainbore is the major concern, a retrievable multilateral packer can be used below the WindowMaster Whipstock. A Level 2 multilateral with a permanent orientation point is constructed by setting a permanent multilateral packer (MLZXP?Liner Hanger/Packer or ML TorqueMaster?Packer) in the cased mainbore directly below the desired kickoff depth. Following a multilateral packer orientation run, the surface-oriented WindowMaster milling assembly is run and anchored into the multilateral packer. Window milling and lateral drilling are performed and the WindowMaster whipstock assembly is then retrieved. If production isolation is required during the well life, a Baker Oil Tools sliding sleeve is run in conjunction with a tieback string and a Baker Oil Tools production packer that is set above the casing exit point. When open, the sleeve allows for commingled production of both zones to the surface. However, the sleeve can be closed to shut off flow from the lateral formation. The sliding sleeve completion option DOES NOT allow for re-entry into the upper lateral. If re-entry into the upper lateral is desired, a Baker Oil Tools Lateral Entry Nipple (LEN? can be used in place of the sliding sleeve. This LEN tool provides for thru-tubing re-entry into the lateral bore when required. Production isolation of the upper lateral is still possible through the use of an isolation sleeve that can be placed across the lateral bore opening of the LEN tool. A retrievable packer Level 2 system is installed in the same manner as the permanent packer option; however, the multilateral packer (retrievable TorqueMaster) and WindowMaster are run in tandem, oriented simultaneously using MWD and the retrievable TorqueMaster, then set with annular pressure. After drilling the lateral, the WindowMaster and retrievable TorqueMaster assembly are retrieved, leaving full-gauge access into the mainbore.

LEVEL 3 MULTILATERAL SYSTEM

Level Definitions
A Baker Oil Tools Level 3 multilateral system delivers a mechanically supported junction in which the mainbore is cased and cemented with the lateral open. The lateral is completed with a lateral liner anchored, but not cemented, to the mainbore. There are essentially three basic configurations for providing a Level 3 multilateral junction. All three configurations involve first setting a multilateral packer (MLZXP Liner Hanger/Packer or TorqueMaster Packer) in the cased mainbore at a depth to allow for the desired kickoff point. Following a multilateral packer orientation run, the surface-oriented WindowMaster milling assembly is run in and anchored into the

multilateral packer. Window milling and lateral drilling are then performed, and the WindowMaster?Whipstock assembly is retrieved. In the first Level 3 multilateral option, a flow-through diverter is run then anchored into the multilateral packer. A slotted liner hanging from a liner hanger/production packer is then run into the lateral, and the packer is set in the mainbore. The slotted liner and flow-through diverter allow for commingled production. In the second Level 3 multilateral option, the flow-through diverter is eliminated. Instead, a bent joint assembly is used with surface manipulation of the drillpipe in order to divert the slotted liner into the lateral. As in the previous configuration, the liner hanger/production packer is set, supporting the lateral to the mainbore. Neither option allows access to the mainbore formation, due to the presence of the slotted liner across the junction. A third option, using the Baker Oil Tools HOOK?Hanger system, allows for selective re-entry into the lateral and the mainbore. The HOOK Hanger is a casing joint with a pre-cut main-bore window, internal re-entry orientation profile, and a hook below the pre-milled window that is designed to catch and "hang" the lateral liner in the bottom of the casing exit window. Re-entry is accomplished using either a lateral or main-bore re-entry module as a bottomhole assembly on tubing or coiled tubing.

LEVEL 4 MULTILATERAL SYSTEM

Level Definitions
A Baker Oil Tools Level 4 multilateral system delivers a junction in which the mainbore and lateral are cased and cemented, providing maximum mechanical support of the junction area. Baker Oil Tools offers two basic configurations for providing a Level 4 multilateral junction, the Root SystemSM and the HOOK Hanger System. The Root System junction is created by first deploying a multilateral packer (MLZXP Liner Hanger/Packer or ML TorqueMaster Packer) into the mainbore casing at the desired junction depth. Following a multilateral packer orientation trip, an ML Whipstock?milling assembly is run and anchored into the multilateral packer. The main-bore exit window is then created using the ML Whipstock System mills, and the lateral well is drilled. Next, a liner is placed in the lateral wellbore leaving an overlap section in the mainbore. The lateral liner is then cemented in place. Once the cement has cured, perforating, stimulation, and lateral completion operations are performed. After these procedures are complete, a washover assembly is run to cut and retrieve the liner overlap in the main-bore casing. During this process, the ML Whipstock is also retrieved with the washover assembly passing around the exterior of the whipstock and engaging into a retrieval sub located in the assembly below the whipstock. The final multilateral junction yields a full main-bore ID at the junction area. With the inclusion of additional Baker completion equipment such as sliding sleeves or Baker Oil Tools Lateral Entry Nipple (LEN?, production isolation and re-entry capability into either wellbore is also possible with this Level 4 multilateral system. The HOOK Hanger System allows for selective re-entry into either the lateral or the mainbore. This system utilizes a casing joint with pre-cut window, internal re-entry orientation profile and a hook below the pre-cut window designed to catch and "hang" a lateral liner in the casing exit window. After a multilateral packer (MLZXP Liner Hanger/Packer or ML TorqueMaster) is set below the desired casing exit depths, a multilateral packer orientation trip is made, and the WindowMaster milling system is run and anchored in the orientation packer. Once window milling and lateral drilling are complete, the WindowMaster whipstock assembly is retrieved. The HOOK Hanger and lateral liner assembly are then run in and diverted into the lateral wellbore using a bent joint until the "hook" on the HOOK Hanger engages the casing exit window. Once the HOOK Hanger is "hung" off, the assembly is cemented

in place, resulting in a Level 4 junction offering full mechanical support in addition to positive thru-tubing re-entry into either lateral.

LEVEL 5 MULTILATERAL SYSTEM

Level Definitions
A Baker Oil Tools Level 5 multilateral system delivers both a mechanically supported and hydraulically isolated multilateral completion with full re-entry and production isolation capability into either bore. Options are available that allow for either independent production of each producing zone to surface or commingled production of both zones. Level 5 multilaterals offer the best solution for multilateral wells in weak, incompetent environments susceptible to wellbore collapse. Baker Oil Tools ROOT SYSTEM is the basic system foundation for creating a Level 5 multilateral completion. A Baker Oil Tools MLZXP Liner Hanger Packer or ML TorqueMaster Packer is run in conjunction with Baker Oil Tool ML Whipstock System to create the casing exit window. After drilling the lateral, the lateral casing is run and cemented in place with the top of the liner extending back through the casing exit and into the mainbore portion of the well. The lateral bore can then be perforated, stimulated, and completed as required.

After completing the lateral, a washover assembly tool is used to wash over and retrieve not only the portion of the lateral liner extending into the mainbore, but also the original ML whipstock and anchor assembly. At this point, a Root System Level 4 has been created offering full mechanical integrity across the junction. Additional completion equipment is installed to create the hydraulic integrity required for a Level 5 multilateral system. First, a Scoophead Diverter and Anchor System are run. The anchor system latches into and orients against the ML Packer positioned below the window. Once the Scoophead Diverter is landed, the lateral production string is run through the Scoophead Diverter and sealed off in a previously run production packer set in the lateral bore. The final step in the multilateral process is dependent upon the type of production desired. Baker Oil Tools Level 5 multilaterals can be configured to provide either commingled or isolated production to surface of each zone. If isolated production is desired, a standard Baker Oil Tools GT?Dual Packer can be run directly above, and tied into, the Scoophead Diverter. If commingling of the two zones is desired, a Baker Oil Tools Selective Re-Entry Tool (SRT? along with a standard Baker Oil Tools packer can be run directly above, and tied into, the Scoophead Diverter. The SRT is most simply described as an inverted? block that ties production from both zones. Selective re-entry into either bore is still possible with this system through the use of a diverter that can be run on coiled tubing or wireline and landed in the SRT. This diverter is configured at surface to selectively block off a selected production leg and guide the coiled tubing into the other leg of the multilateral. Once the intended leg has been treated or worked over, the diverter can be removed and the well put back on commingled production.

Level 6 The Formation Junction Multilateral System

Level Definitions
Baker Oil Tools completed the world first Level 6 multilateral with the FORMation Junction?Multilateral System. This system utilizes casing to provide pressure integrity at the junction area. This differs from the Level 5 multilateral systems that rely upon additional downhole completion equipment to create the hydraulic integrity of the junction. The FORMation Junction system uses formed metal technology to create a multilateral junction that, during installation, has an effective outside diameter less than the sum of the junction two lateral casing leg diameters. The system is run in a pre-formed mode as part of a standard casing or liner string which can be either run to surface or hung off with a liner hanger. The open hole area at the junction landing depth is underreamed prior to running the junction to provide the room needed to re-form the junction. Once in this underreamed section, the non-circular leg is re-formed using swaging technology. Conventional drilling and completion techniques are then used to finish construction and completion of the wellbore. After creating the Level 6 multilateral, zonal isolation and re-entry capability into either wellbore are possible through the use of additional downhole completion tools.

The Level 6 FORMation Junction Multilateral System offers several advantages over to other multilateral systems. Among the most significant are the elimination of milling and debris creation, the continued liner ID access into both bores, the increased well control capability due to the casing seal, the ability to install the FORMation Junction in a "Top-Down" configuration, and finally, the ability of the system to use conventional casing running and cementing techniques. The resulting completion offers maximum flexibility with minimal risk and complexity.Currently available in a 9-5/8" (244.47 mm) top connection with two 7"(177.8 mm) legs, the major components of the FORMation Junction Multilateral System are: the pre-formed junction assembly; a pre-installed diverter used in the re-forming process; drilling diverters for future re-entry work, and running tools. All other cementing, drilling, and completion tools are standard, non-multilateral specific equipment.

Level 6 DOWNHOLE SPLITTER SYSTEM

Level Definitions
Baker Oil Tools Downhole Splitter?is a unique system and process that allows two distinct wells to be drilled, cased, and completed from a single surface conductor. When completed, each well can be produced, serviced, and worked over independently of the other. The Downhole Splitter is regarded as a TAML Level 6 multilateral, which Baker Oil Tools has designated as a Level 6S.

Inclusion of the Downhole Splitter system can have a significant impact on the planning and development of an offshore platform or subsea well. The Downhole Splitter can reduce the size of the platform being planned, resulting in a considerable savings in the cost of developing the reserve. The system can also be beneficial in dramatically reducing location footprint in environmentally sensitive land locations.

The Downhole Splitter is run in the hole on surface casing and hung off in the wellhead. A special orienting-type seal assembly is run into the Splitter and directed to the first leg, which contains standard float equipment. The Splitter and casing are cemented in place. The first leg is drilled to TD, logged, and the liner is run and hung off in Splitter leg #1.

The seal assembly is re-oriented to the second leg, and the process is repeated. Depending on size/leg configuration, the wells can be tied back with conventional type tieback liners and completed as two monobore type completions, or commingled if desired. Full mechanical and high pressure hydraulic isolation are achieved at the junction.

Level 6 Deepset Splitter SYSTEM

Level Definitions
Baker Oil Tools Downhole Splitter?is a unique system and process that allows two distinct wells to be drilled, cased, and completed from a single surface conductor. When completed, each well can be produced, serviced, and worked over independently of the other. The Downhole Splitter is regarded as a TAML Level 6 multilateral, which Baker Oil Tools has designated as a Level 6S.

Inclusion of the Downhole Splitter system can have a significant impact on the planning and development of an offshore platform or subsea well. The Downhole Splitter can reduce the size of the platform being planned,

resulting in a considerable savings in the cost of developing the reserve. The system can also be beneficial in dramatically reducing location footprint in environmentally sensitive land locations.

The Downhole Splitter is run in the hole on surface casing and hung off in the wellhead. A special orienting-type seal assembly is run into the Splitter and directed to the first leg, which contains standard float equipment. The Splitter and casing are cemented in place. The first leg is drilled to TD, logged, and the liner is run and hung off in Splitter leg #1.

The seal assembly is re-oriented to the second leg, and the process is repeated. Depending on size/leg configuration, the wells can be tied back with conventional type tieback liners and completed as two monobore type completions, or commingled if desired. Full mechanical and high pressure hydraulic isolation are achieved at the junction.

Test Facility

The Technology Testing Center in Bossier City Louisiana includes the industry's most complete testing facility. This facility allows testing in an environment that realistically simulates downhole well conditions. Projects range in complexity from research and development prototypes to modifications of existing systems. The centerpiece of the Technology Center is a test rig whose components include: 142-ft Dreco rated at 750,000 lbs (340,000 kg) lifting capacity when rigged with 12 lines Continental-Emsco GA350-E Single Drum Drawworks Continental-Emsco T-2750 53-1/4" Rotary Table Gardner Denver PZ10 1350 HP Triplex Pump with output of 496 gal/min at4,200 psi (1860 liters/min at 290 bar) maximum pressure Bowen Model S-1E Power Swivel Bowen 3.5 Power Swivel which may be used as a top drive Hydraulic testing unit Appropriate tubulars, BOPs, kill and choke manifolds, tuggers and handling tools Casing sizes from 4-1/2" to 20" for testing purposes