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By: Steven A. Tedesco Atoka Coal Labs 14450 East Easter Ave., Ste 1000 Centennial, CO 80112
Presented at the PTTC Technology Conference on the Coalbed Methane Resources In The Southeast
Resource Definition
Existing data sets Where is the coal How deep Estimated coal thickness Any Production or SFC Per Ton Data Drilling Problems Completion Problems Water Disposal Problems
Resource Definition
Logs
Old Log New Log
Logs
Powder River San Juan
Resource Assessment
Determine how many test wells Test wells - strat tests Test wells part of pilot Objective of test wells Data to be collected
Drilling Methods
Air Drilling
Less Damage? Real time DST Completion Problems? Mud Drilling May Cause Damage to Coal Cleats Hole Stability Greater?
Types of Coring
Conventional Coring Continuous Coring Sidewall Coring Drill Samples
Lost Gas
Define gas lost while coring Method of coring important Lost calculation related to
Desorbed Gas
Coal placed in sealed container Gas drained off over time Determine desorption curve
related to permeability of coal Length of time varies with every coal one month to one year Quick gas Gas Composition
Desorbed Gas
Desorbed Gas
Coal Analysis
Proximate Ultimate
Adsorption
Purpose to determine how much gas
can actually be adsorbed on coal Gas composition important Helps determine point of gas production during the dewatering phase Results create Langmuir curve Optimistic
Langmuir Curve
Permeability Testing
Injection fall-off procedures Below frac gradient Gives permeability to water for
zone of investigation Potential distance from well bore Helps define completion methods Potentially predict production rates
Permeability Testing
100
Dimensionless pressure
10
Pressure Change
1
0.1
Pressure Derivative
0.01
Permeability = 1.085 mD Skin Factor = -1.05 Radius of Investigation = 93 ft (28.3 m) 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10
0.001 1E-005
Dimensionless time
Permeability Testing
Permeability Testing
Permeability Testing
Additional Science
Clay Mineralogy Maceral Composition Vitrinite Reflectance Additional Log Types Dual
Induction, Sonic, Microlog
Pros
Mod expensively, defines reservoir characteristic Single data points may mislead where the best areas are.
Relatively inexpensive, defines reservoir characteristics Single data points may mislead where the best areas are.
Moderately expensive yet provides a quick answer Single data points may mislead where the best or worst areas are.
Inexpensive
Cons
Single data points may mislead where the best areas are.
Completion Types
Open Hole Cased Hole Natural Under-ream Frac Water Frac Water and Sand Frac with Cross-Linked Gel and Sand
Completion Types
Completion Types
Completion Types
Water Disposal
Water Chemistry Gas Composition Production volumes Disposal on surface
Environmental Compliance Affect other groundwater sources Disposal underground Depth to disposal zone Rate of injection
Resource Definition
The End