Design and Analysis of Burried fiberglass Pipeline based on "Fiberglass Pipe Design Manual M-45 Standard"

This guidline is intended to provide the design and system engineers with the general scheme of designing and analysing the burried GRP composite pipning system. It is only a general guidline as proposed by AWWA M-45 manual.

Design Methodalogy for Buried GRP Composite Pipe lines

1. Determining the soil load acting on the pipe at minimum and maximum burial depth 2. Determining the live (trafic) load exerted on the pipe at minimum and maximum burial depth. 3. Calculate the predicted pipe deflaction. Compare the prdicted value with the maximum allowable deflection of the Faratec GRP pipe to ensure that predicted deflection is less than the maximum allowable deflection. 4. Verify that the working pressure is less or equal to the nominal pressure (PN).

5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Verify that the surge pressure is less than allowable limit. (1.4*PN) Calculate the hoop tensile strain at working pressure Calculate the bending strain at th the maximum allowed deflection Calculate the bending strain. Verify that the combined loading conditions are satisfied for pressure as influenced by bending and bending as influenced by pressure. 10. Calculate critical buckling pressure at minmum and maximum bur burial depth 11. Verify that buckling safety factor is satisfied for both normal and for trafic conditions

Equtions Used For Design and Analysis for Buried GRP Composite Pipe lines
Soil load Calculations Wc= (dens) * H Where: Wc = soil load - N / m^2 dens = soil density - N / m^3 H = burial depth m Traffic Load Calculation

Typical Pipe Stiffness

Wl = (P) * (If) / (L1 * L2) Load width parallel to travel L1 = 0.253 + 1.75 * H If = 1 for H => 0.91 If = 1.1 for H < 0.91 Where: Wl = traffic load - N / m^2

Load width perpendicular to travel for H < 0.756 m L2 = 0.509 + 1.75 *H for H => 0.756 m

L1 = width parallel - m L2 = width perpend. - m P = load - N If = impact factor Deflaction Calculation dD/D = kx * ( Wl + Dl * Wc) ----------------------------- * 100 8*SN + 0.061 * E'b * Sc

Where: dD = deflection - % SN = stiffness - N /m^2 E'b = backfill modulus - N / m^2 Dl = deflection lag factor ( For genereal analysis purposes a value of 1.5 is reasonable assumption. Sc = soil support combining factor (function of diameter and trench width) kx = bedding coefficient NOTE: dD/D must be greater or equal to the dDmax ( maximum allowed deflection %) Working Pressure Pw < = PN Where: Pw = working pressure - bars PN = rated pressure bars Surge Pressure Pw + Ps < = 1.4 * PN Where: Pw = working pressure - bars PN = rated pressure bars Ps = surge pressure bars Pressure Strain Calculation Pw * ( OD - t) Ep = ------------------------- * 100 2 * Eht * tr Where: Pw = working pressure - bars * 100000 (Mpa) OD = pipe outside diameter - mm t = pipe wall thickness - mm

Eht = hoop tensile modulus - Gpa tr = reinforced wall thickness - mm ep = pressure strain - % Bending Strain at max deflection Calculation Df * t * dDmax ebmax = ----------------------------------(OD - t) Where: Df = shape factor - dimensionless dDmax = max allowed long term deflection -% t = wall thickness mm OD = pipe outside diameter - mm ebmax = bending strain at max deflection - % Rerounded bending strain Calculation eb = Rc * ebmax Where: Rc = 1 - PN / 30 (rerounding coefficient dimensionless) Combined Loading Calculation Pressure influenced by bending ep / HDB < = 1 - eb / Sb -------------------------1.8

Bending influenced by pressure 1 - eb / Sb -------------------------1.8

ep / HDB < =

Where: HDB = hydrostatic design basis - % strain eb = rerounded bending strain - % strain ep = pressure strain - % strain Sb = long term ring bending strain - % strain Note: 1.8 and 1.5 values are the maximum safety factor for pressure and for bending

Critical Buckling Pressure Calculation qc = ( 32 * Rw * B' * SN * E' * Sc ) ^0.5 Where: qc = critical buckling pressure - N / m^2 E'b = backfill modulus - N / m^2 Sc = soil support combining factor - dimensionless Rw = 1 - 0.33 *( H - hw) / H (water buouancy factor dimensionless) H = burial depth - meters hw = height of ground water over pipe meters

B =

1 -------------------------1 + 4 0.213 H

coefficient of elastic support - dimensionless

Buckling Safety Factors Calculation q c / q = > 2.5 a. typical conditions q = Wc + Ww + Wv b. traffic conditions q = Wc + Ww + Wl Where: q = actual pressure - N / m^2 qc = 2.5 is minimum safety factor (critical buckling pressure - N / m^2) Wc = Soils load - N /m^2 Ww = 9800 * hw - N / m^2 (Water load - N / m^2) Wv = vacuum load - N / m^2 Wl = traffice load - N /m^2

TABLES NOTE: Some values preseneted in these tables are typical valuse intended for general use for exact values contact Farassan Man. & Ind. Compnaay

Table 1: Modulus of Soil Reaction (E'n) for Native Soils (Mpa)

Native Soil Group

Blow Counts (1)

E' values (psi) (MPa)

Non-Cohesive Soils Friction Description Angle (degrees) very, very loose very loose very loose loose slight compact compact

Cohesive Soils Description Unconfined Compr. Strength (tsf) very,very soft very soft soft medium stiff very stiff 0 - 0.125 0.125 - 0.25 0.25 - 0.50 0.50 -1.0 1.0 - 2.0 2.0 - 4.0 (kPa) 0 - 12 12 - 24 24 - 48 48 - 96 96 - 192 192 - 384

6 5 4 3 2 1

0-1 1-2 2-4 4-8 8 - 15 >15

50 200 700 1,500 3,000 5,000

0.34 1.4 4.8 10.3 20.7 34.5

28 28 28 29 30 33

Table 2: Modulus of Soil Reaction (E'b) For Pipe Zone Backfills (Mpa)

Backfil l Soil Type

Description of backfill soils

Table of non-saturated E' values (MPa) Relative Compaction (% max. Std. Proctor Density) 90 80% 85% % 95% 16 7 6 3 3 3 18 11 9 6 6 6 20 16 14 9 9 9 22 19 17 10
1

Table of saturated E' values (MPa) Relative Compaction (% max. Std. Proctor Density) 80 % 85% 90% 95% 12 5 2 1.7 1
2

A B C D E F

Crushed stone , 12% fines Sand, <12% fines Silty sand, 12 - 35% fines Silty, clayey sand, 35 - 50% fines Sandy, clayey silt, 50 - 70% fines, LL<40% Low plasticity fine grained soil, LL<40%

13 7 3 2.4 1.7 1.4

14 10 4 2.8 2.1 1.7

15 12 4 3.1 2.4 2.1

10 10

0.7

Table 3: Bedding Coefficent (kx):

Installation Condition Inconsistent haunching support (typical direct bury condition) Uniform shaped bottom support

kx

0.1 0.083

For typical installations, use kx = 0.1

Table 4: Soil Support Combining Factor (Sc)

E'n/E'b 1.5 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.50 2.00 3.00 5.00 7.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 0.015 0.030 0.045 0.060 0.075 0.090 0.105 0.120 0.135 0.15 0.30 0.50 0.70 0.85 1.00 1.30 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.75 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.17 0.19 0.21 0.36 0.54 0.74 0.87 1.00 1.24 1.42 1.63 1.84 1.95 2.00 2.00 2.00 2 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.22 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.45 0.60 0.80 0.90 1.00 1.15 1.30 1.45 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.92 2.00

B/D Value 2.5 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 0.95 1.00 1.10 1.15 1.30 1.40 1.47 1.53 1.58 1.62 3 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 0.98 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.20 1.25 1.28 1.30 1.32 1.34 4 0.50 0.56 0.62 0.66 0.70 0.74 0.78 0.82 0.86 0.90 0.92 0.95 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.05 1.08 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 5 0.80 0.84 0.87 0.90 0.93 0.96 0.98 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

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