Answer Scheme Systems Analysis & Design Final Exam Sem January 2005

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SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN CEB2123/CEB2124/CEB2134/CEB2143/CED2124

K-FORCE FINAL EXAMINATION SCHEMA JANUARY SEMESTER 2005

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Answer Scheme Systems Analysis & Design Final Exam Sem January 2005

SECTION A Answer ALL the questions (70 marks) 1. Outsourcing is the practice of turning over responsibility of some to all of an organizations information systems applications and operations to an outside firm THREE reasons for outsourcing: Clients don't have to develop an independent system. Outsourcing may be cost-effective Organizations policy does not involve managing an information systems unit. (8 marks)

2.

FOUR (4) advantages to running a new information system on an existing platform: Lower costs as little (new hardware and system software has to be purchased and installed) Information systems staff is quite familiar with the existing platform and how to operate and maintain it The odds of integrating new application system with existing applications are enhanced No added costs of converting old system to a new platform (8 marks)

3.

Difference between form and report. Form - Business document containing some pre-defined data and additional information that need to be filled in. Report - Business document containing only pre-defined data and use solely for reading and viewing. (6 marks)

4.

Highlighting information is important to enhance an output and does not provide a distraction to user. Highlighting is used to group related information together for flexibility and easiness for user to read. Several situations when highlighting is important: Notifying users of errors in data entry or processing Providing warnings to users regarding possible problems such as unusual data values or an unavailable device. Drawing attention to keywords, commands, high priority messages, and data that have changed or gone outside normal operating ranges. Highlighting methods: Blinking and audible tones Color differences Intensity differences Size differences 2
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Answer Scheme Systems Analysis & Design Final Exam Sem January 2005

Font differences Reverse video Boxing Underlining All capital letters Offsetting the position of non-standard information (9 marks)

5.

FOUR (4) objectives to keep in mind when selecting data type of a databases field. o o o o Minimizing storage space. Representing all possible values. Improving data integrity Supporting all data manipulation. (6 marks)

6.

THREE (3) types of file organization: Sequential File Organizations: In sequential file organizations, the records in the file are stored in sequence according to a primary key value. To locate a particular record, a program must normally scan the file from the beginning until the desired record is located. Sequential files are very fast if you want to process records sequentially but are impractical for random record retrievals

Indexed File Organizations: In an indexed file organizations, the records are either stored sequentially or non-sequentially and an index is created that allows the application software to locate individual records. An index is a table that is used to determine the location of rows in a file that satisfy some condition. Each entry matches a key value with one or more records. The main disadvantages to indexed file organizations are extra space required to store the indexes and extra time required to accessing and maintaining indexes.

Hashed File Organizations: In hashed file organizations, the address of each record is determined using a hashing algorithm. A hashing algorithm is a routine that converts a primary key value into a record address; the records are located non-sequentially as dictated by the hashing algorithm. Retrieval of random records is very fast (9 marks)

Proof read by: Adibah Che Mat Daon ( Head of Operation & Student Affairs )

Answer Scheme Systems Analysis & Design Final Exam Sem January 2005

7.

Difference between desk checking and syntax checking Desk Checking This is an informal process where the programmer or someone else who understands the logic of the program works through the code with a paper and pencil. The programmer executes each instruction using test cases that may or may not be written down. The reviewer acts like a computer, mentally checking each step and its results for the entire set of computer instructions. Syntax Checking It is actually a static and not automatic testing. It is usually carried out by the compiler. Errors in syntax are detected but the code is not executed. (4 marks)

8.

Phased Installation o Different parts of the old and new system are used in cooperation until the whole new system is installed. The new system and the old system must be able to coexist and share data. The phased installation is not feasible if the new and old systems are incompatible, for example if they are built using totally different structures. Bridge program connecting the old and new system to share the data has to be built. It also requires a careful version control, repeated conversions at each phase and a long period of change

Useful when: The advantages of Phased Installation are that it limits the risk involved in changing information system, either in terms of cost or interruptions to business. It also allows for some benefits of the new system before the whole system is ready. o Since each phase of change is smaller, installation is more manageable for all involved. o (6 marks) 9. Difference between system documentation and user documentation. System Documentation -Detailed information about a system's design specifications, its internal workings, and its functionality User Documentation - Written or other visual information about an application system, how it works and how to use it. (6 marks) 10. Factors that influence the maintainability of systems:

Proof read by: Adibah Che Mat Daon ( Head of Operation & Student Affairs )

Answer Scheme Systems Analysis & Design Final Exam Sem January 2005

o o

o o o o

The number of latent defects means the number of unknown errors which exist in the system after installation. The number of different customers that a maintenance group must support. The greater the number of customers, the greater the maintenance cost. The quality of system documentation. The quality of the maintenance personnel also contributes to the cost of maintenance. The high technology tools that can automatically produce system documentation can help reduce maintenance costs. A well-structured program makes it easier to understand and fix programs. (8 marks)

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Answer Scheme Systems Analysis & Design Final Exam Sem January 2005

SECTION B Answer ALL the questions (30 marks)

1. Context Diagram

booking no& details dates & destination

departure details

booking details cost of boarding

Customer Travel Booking System

Travel Agency

customer & booking details

invoice payment

notice of payment & tickets

ticket & boarding details

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Answer Scheme Systems Analysis & Design Final Exam Sem January 2005

Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

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Answer Scheme Systems Analysis & Design Final Exam Sem January 2005

2. Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

Department

consist of

EmployeeTeam

is assigned

Assignment

made for

Customer

spend for

Project

employeeNo employeeName deptName finishDate

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