Group 1

Characterisation of Green Ceramic Tapes

By:- Ugam Alias Vasudev Pradeep Kamat Rohit Aakash Raj Abhishek Anurag Vinay Dubey Anuja Chauhan

INTRODUCTION

Recently Ceramic Tapes have found wide variety of applications, which is why we decided to take this as a project in order to characterize and find the properties of the ceramic tapes.

PREPARATION

Slip Recipe Powder Solvents Dispersion Binder Plasticizer

POWDER

The alumina powder used in this work was CT 3000 with average particle size of 0.5 m and surface area (BET) of 6.92 m2/gm. Decreasing particle size results in increasing viscosity because of increased particle-particle interaction Particle shape is also important. Non-spherical particles, especially rods or plates approach each other much more closely in a suspension than do spherical particles of equal volume.

SOLVENTS

An azeotropic mixture of trichloro ethylene and ethanol in the proportion of 60:40 volume ratio is used This azeotropic mixture prevents skin formation during fast drying by maintaining residual liquid layer at the top. Also, they are a good compromise between dielectric constant and surface tension and low boiling point, and an adequate viscosity for handling and drying

DISPERSANTS

Sorbitan Trioleate (a cheap non-ionic surfactant) and Cardanol (naturally occurring C15 unsaturated aliphatic chain-substituted phenol) are the two dispersants used The role of a dispersants in a tape casting slip are to hold each and every individual particle in the suspension separate so that binder can coat them individually and to increase solids loading by maintaining moderate viscosities after binder addition. The molecules that contain hydrophilic groups, such as OH and COOH, which strongly interact with alumina surface, have been determined to be better dispersants.

BINDER

Poly vinyl butyral, which is soluble in non-polar media, was used as the binder. Binders are added to slips in order to enhance the strength of the green tape for easy handling and storage. The binder remains in the tape, forming organic interparticle bridges, resulting in a strong adhesion after solvent evaporation. Being the only continuous phase in the green tape, the binder has the greatest effect on green tape properties such as strength, flexibility, plasticity, laminatability, durability, toughness, printability, and smoothness.

PLASTICIZERS

Polyethylene glycol 300 (PEG)(Plasticizer I) and Dioctyl phthalate (DOP)(Plasticizer II) owing to their lower molecular weight, lower intermolecular contacts, less rigid side groups and reduced number of polar groups. Plasticizers are added to the slip to confer sufficient flexibility to the green tape for easy handling and storage. The most important effect of the plasticizer is to reduce the binder Tg at room temperature or less.

Schematic of Tape Casting Process

CHARACTERIZATION

TGA SEM EDX Evaporation Measurement of viscosity

Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA)

DTA Analysis

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

Particle Size as measured from the photograph mentioned above is 0.6m in 15k X magnification As can be clearly seen the microstructure of the ceramic tape is highly packed with very few voids indicating good quality sample 15kV electron excitation voltage was used. This provided high resolution with a trade off of signal quality. Back Electron Scattered SEM imaging did not show any contrast as all the elements are within very small range of atomic numbers

Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX)

Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX)

Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX)

Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX)

Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX)

Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX)

Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX)

EDX results of all the three samplings of the sample provided the same elemental proportion.

Viscosity Measurement of Slurry

Pascal-second

1/second

Curve of Weight vs. Drying Time

Curve of Weight vs. Drying time

Applications of Green Ceramic Tapes

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Some potential applications include Solid-oxide fuel cells Multi-layered ceramic packages (MLCP) Multilayered ceramic capacitors (MLCC) Photovoltaic solar applications Laminated composites sensors/actuators Transducers

Applications of Green Ceramic Tapes

Thanks for your

Patience