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A Companion to Digital Literary Studies

C ite as: A C om panion to Digital Lite rary Studie s, e d. Susan Schre ibm an and R ay Sie m e ns. O x ford: Black we ll, 2008. http://www.digitalhum anitie s.org/com panionDLS/ Se arch

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adapte d to the Black we ll DTD by Jonathan Gorm an Title page Buy the book Print Vie w

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William Winder Writing Machines

6. Multimedia and Multitasking: A Survey of Digital Resources for Nineteenth-Century Literary Studies 7. Hypertext and Avant-texte in Twentieth-Century and Contemporary Literature

Part III: Textualities 8. Reading Digital Literature: Surface, Data, Interaction, and Expressive Processing 9. Is There a Text on This Screen Reading in an Era of Hypertextuality 27. 10. Reading on Screen: The New Media Sphere 11. The Virtual Codex from Page Space to E-space Machines 12. Handholding, Remixing, and the Instant Replay: New Narratives in Writing a Postnarrative World 13. Fictional Worlds in the Digital Age 14. Riddle Machines: The History and Nature of Interactive Fiction William Winder 15. Too Dimensional: Literary and Technical Images of Potentiality in the History of Hypertext 16. Private Public Reading: Readers in Digital Literature Installation The y use d to say, m y frie nd, that the words of the oak in the holy place 17. Digital Poetry: A Look at Generative, Visual, and Interconnected Possibilities itstim First Four Decades pe ople ofin that e , not be ing so wise as you young folk s, we re conte nt spok e the truth. 18. Digital Literary Studies: Performance and Interaction 19. Licensed to Play: Digital Games, Player Modifications, and Authorized (Production Phaedrus 275bc) 20. Blogs and Blogging: Text and Practice Part IV: Methodologies 21. Knowing : Modeling in Literary Studies 22. Digital and Analog Texts 23. Cybertextuality and Philology 24. Electronic Scholarly Editions 25. The Text Encoding Initiative and the Study of Literature 26. Algorithmic Criticism 27. Writing Machines 28. Quantitative Analysis and Literary Studies 29. The Virtual Library 30. Practice and Preservation Format Issues 31. Character Encoding Annotated Overview of Selected Electronic Resources

of Ze us at Dodona we re the first prophe ti in the ir sim plicity to he ar an oak or a rock

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Writing in a new key

It has been the fleets of humming word processors, not the university mainframe computers nor the printing presses of the turn of the nineteenth century, that have drawn humanists to writing machi industrialized texts (Winder 2002). We write perhaps less and less, but we process more and more, working quietly in the background. And only in the dead silence of a computer crash where hours of disappeared do we understand clearly how much our writing depends on machines. Formatters, spe grammar checkers, and personal printers support our writing almost silently. Yet we suspect that to editing and display functions will seem quaint in ten years' time, perhaps as quaint and mysterious a typewriter's carriage shift.

Computers are necessarily writing machines. When computers process words, they generate text a Library catalogues over the globe spew out countless replies to queries (author, keyword, call numb heading, year, language, editor, series, ); banking machines unabashedly greet us, enquire discree

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