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Physics III
Heat and Laws of Black body Animation Expression for Calculation Carnot engine Animation Carnot Engine Dulong and Petit Law (Specific Heat of Solids) Gas laws Animation Introduction Heat Animation Heat Capacity Heat engines Animation Heat Transfer Mechanisms The Ideal Gas Equation Internal Energy Kinetic Energy and Temperature Kinetic Interpretation of Temperature Deductions from Kinetic Theory Kinetic Theory of Gases Kinetic Theory of Matter Kirchhoff's Law Maxwell's Speed Distribution Law Relation between Cp and Cv (Mayer's Formula) Degrees of Freedom and Molar Specific Heats Newton's Law of Cooling Refrigerator or Heat Pump Refrigerators Animation Root Mean Square Speed in Terms of Temperature Searles apparatus Animation Solar Constant (S) Specific Heat Stefan-Boltzmann Law
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Introduction
Heat is a form of energy. Heat energy is also called thermal energy. When heat is given to a body, its temperature increases and when heat is removed from a body, its temperature decreases.
Related Concepts
First Laws of Thermodynamics Law of Thermodynamics The first Law of Thermodynamics
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Three Laws of Thermodynamics 0th Law of Thermodynamics 2nd Law of Thermodynamics 3rd Law of Thermodynamics Second Law of Thermodynamics
We know that a hotter body has greater internal energy than a similar colder body. Thus, higher temperature means higher internal energy and lower temperature means lower internal energy.
Internal Energy
Internal energy is one of the most important concepts in thermodynamics. Energy changes in a body sliding with friction. Warming a body increases its internal energy and cooling the body decreases its internal energy.
Heat Capacity
The heat capacity C of an object, is the proportionality constant between the heat Q that the object absorbs or loses and the resulting temperature change DT of the object.
Specific Heat
Two objects made of the same material, say marble, would have heat capacities proportional to their masses. It is therefore convenient to define a heat capacity per unit mass or specific heat that refers not to an object but to a unit mass of the material of the object.
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Carnot Engine
In 1824, a French scientist N.L.Sadi Carnot, suggested an idealized engine which is called the Carnot engine, which has an intimate relation with the second law of thermodynamics.
Kirchhoff's Law
A body that is a good radiator (or emitter) is also a good absorber. To understand this, suppose isotropic (i.e., equal in all directions) thermal radiation is incident on a body.
Stefan-Boltzmann Law
The energy of thermal radiation emitted per unit time by a black body of surface A.
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