In the last class, there was the derivation of how to apply the Law of Biot &

Savart to a ring of radius R

0
which carries a current I
0
with the result that the
general formula in (5.32) takes the form
B(x, y, z) =
_

0
4
_
_
I
0
d

( r r

)
| r r

|
3
where
r = x

i + y

j + z

k
r

= R
0
_
cos

i + sin

j
_
d

= R
0
d

_
sin

i + cos

j
_
From their denitions we see
r r

= (x R
0
cos

)

i + (y R
0
sin

)

j + z

k
So that
| r r

| =
_
(x R
0
cos

)
2
+ (y R
0
sin

)
2
+ z
2
=
_
x
2
2 x R
0
cos

+ R
2
0
cos
2

+ y
2
2 y R
0
sin

+ R
2
0
sin
2

+ z
2
=
_
x
2
+ y
2
+ z
2
2 x R
0
cos

2 y R
0
sin

+ R
2
0
cos
2

+ R
2
0
sin
2

=
_
x
2
+ y
2
+ z
2
2 x R
0
cos

2 y R
0
sin

+ R
2
0
( cos
2

+ sin
2

)
=
_
x
2
+ y
2
+ z
2
2 x R
0
cos

2 y R
0
sin

+ R
2
0
=
_
r
2
+ R
2
0
2 R
0
[ x cos

+ y sin

]
&
| r r

|
3
=
_
_
r
2
+ R
2
0
2 R
0
[ x cos

+ y sin

]
_
3
7
Since the B-eld is a vector, we nd three integrals
B(x, y, z) =

i
_

0
I
0
4
_ _
2
0
z R
0
cos

_
_
r
2
+ R
2
0
2 R
0
[ x cos

+ y sin

]
_
3
+

j
_

0
I
0
4
_ _
2
0
z R
0
sin

_
_
r
2
+ R
2
0
2 R
0
[ x cos

+ y sin

]
_
3
+

k
_

0
I
0
4
_ _
2
0
[ R
2
0
R
0
( x cos

+ y sin

)] d

_
_
r
2
+ R
2
0
2 R
0
[ x cos

+ y sin

]
_
3
For general values of x and y these are HARD to perform without using some
sophisticated functions. So we want to study these using some simplifying assump-
tions.
(A.) On z-Axis Field If we only consider the eld on the z axis, then x = y = 0
and we have
B(0, 0, z) =

i
_

0
I
0
4
_ _
2
0
z R
0
cos

_
_
z
2
+ R
2
0
_
3
+

j
_

0
I
0
4
_ _
2
0
z R
0
sin

_
_
z
2
+ R
2
0
_
3
+

k
_

0
I
0
4
_ _
2
0
R
2
0
d

_
_
z
2
+ R
2
0
_
3
=

i
_

0
I
0
4
_
z R
0
_
_
z
2
+ R
2
0
_
3
_
2
0
cos

+

j
_

0
I
0
4
_
z R
0
_
_
z
2
+ R
2
0
_
3
_
2
0
sin

+

k
_

0
I
0
4
_
R
2
0
_
_
z
2
+ R
2
0
_
3
_
2
0
d

14
But the integrals that contribute to the x-direction and the y-direction vanish!
_
2
0
cos

= sin

2
0
= sin(2) + sin(0) = 0
_
2
0
sin

= cos

2
0
= cos(2) cos(0) = 1 1 = 0
So the only remaining piece is
B(0, 0, z) =

k
_

0
I
0
4
_
R
2
0
_
_
z
2
+ R
2
0
_
3
_
2
0
d

=

k
_

0
I
0
4
_
R
2
0
_
_
z
2
+ R
2
0
_
3
( 2 )
=

k
_

0
I
0
2
_
1
_
_
z
2
+ R
2
0
_
3
_
R
2
0
_
=

k
_

0
I
0
2
_
1
_
_
z
2
+ R
2
0
_
3
( Area of the current loop)
18