Oracle 10g database features

Oracle 10g database data pump

Oracle Data Pump is a new feature in Oracle Database 10g that enables very high-speed movement of data and metadata between databases. This technology is the basis for Oracle's new data movement utilities, Data Pump Export and Data Pump Import. One very prominent feature of Data Pump is the ability to restart jobs. The ability to restart a Data Pump Export or Import job is extremely valuable to the DBA who might be responsible for moving large amounts of data, especially for big jobs that take a long time to complete. The Data Pump job is restarted with no data loss or corruption after an unexpected failure or after a STOP_JOB parameter is issued from the Import or Export interactive mode. A very common reason to restart a Data Pump job is when a failure such as a power failure, an internal error, or an accidental instance bounce, prevents the job from succeeding. Typical reasons for failure might also be due to system resource issues, such as insufficient dump file space (in the Data Pump Export case), or insufficient Tablespace resources (in the Data Pump Import case). Upon Data Pump job failure, the DBA or user has the ability to intervene to correct a problem. A Data Pump restart command (START_JOB) can then be issued to continue the job from the point of failure. This Technical Note describes Data Pump restart capability with two examples, using Data Pump Export and Import command line utilities, respectively. In both examples, it is necessary to define a directory object, DATA_PUMP_DIR, for the dump files. Furthermore, the Data Pump user, which in our examples is SYSTEM, needs to hold the exp_full_database and imp_full_database roles. Restart also works for unprivileged users. (See Oracle Database Utilities 10g Release 1 (10.1) for additional information about Data Pump and its use of directory objects.) Example 1: Restart Data Pump Export Our first example demonstrates how the restart capability can be used during a Data Pump Export. We will perform a Data Pump Export of the HR schema, specifying the maximum size of the dump file. Data Pump users typically specify the maximum dump file size (filesize) as a mechanism to manage on disk resources. In this example, our job will fail because the specified dump file size is too small. Step 1: Start Export In this example, we'll use the "expdp" client interface. An optional job_name has been specified on the command line, which may make it easier for you to find and attach to the job by name at a later time. Here is the export command: > expdp system/manager schemas=hr directory=data_pump_dir \ logfile=example1.log filesize=300000 dumpfile=example1.dmp \ job_name=EXAMPLE1 The output will look something like this: Export: Release 10.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tuesday, 06 July, 2004 6:37 . . . Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT . . . exported "HR"."COUNTRIES" 6.078 KB 25 rows . . exported "HR"."DEPARTMENTS" 6.632 KB 27 rows Muhammad Atif Akram 0300-6649007

Oracle 10g database features

ORA-39095: Dump file space has been exhausted: Unable to allocate 217088 bytes Job "SYSTEM"."EXAMPLE1" stopped due to fatal error at 06:38 > Step 2: Attach to the Job Our Export job (EXAMPLE1) has encountered a fatal error and the client has returned to the operating system prompt (>). We can examine the job state by invoking the following query: SQL> select job_name,state from dba_datapump_jobs; JOB_NAME STATE ------------------------------ ----------------------------EXAMPLE1 NOT RUNNING In this simple example, it's quite obvious what the problem is. The dump file we specified is too small for the HR schema. We can determine the reason for the error by looking at the client output that was displayed on our screen or the Data Pump log file. To fix this problem, we need to add a second dump file. Let's attach to our job using the "EXAMPLE1" name. When we successfully attach to our job, the job status and other interesting information about the job is displayed. >expdp system/manager attach=EXAMPLE1 Export: Release 10.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tuesday, 06 July, 2004 6:38 . . . Job: EXAMPLE1 Owner: SYSTEM Operation: EXPORT . . . Total Objects: 7 Worker Parallelism: 1 Step 3: Add a Dump File At this juncture, a dump file can be added by issuing the ADD_FILE directive at the Export> prompt. The new dump file will automatically be created in the same directory as our original dump file (DATA_PUMP_DIR). Export>add_file=hr1.dmp We can next perform the status command and see that the additional dump file is now being displayed. Export>status Job: EXAMPLE1 Operation: EXPORT Mode: SCHEMA State: IDLING Bytes Processed: 55,944 Percent Done: 99 Current Parallelism: 1 Job Error Count: 0 Dump File: /work1/private/oracle/rdbms/log/example1.dmp size: 303,104 bytes written: 163,840 Dump File: /work1/private/oracle/rdbms/log/hr1.dmp bytes written: 4,096 Muhammad Atif Akram 0300-6649007

Oracle 10g database features Step 4: Restart/Continue the Job Finally, we issue the CONTINUE_CLIENT command. The job EXAMPLE1 will now resume. Export>continue_client Export> Job EXAMPLE1 has been reopened at Tuesday, 06 July, 2004 6:38 Restarting "SYSTEM"."EXAMPLE1": system/******** schemas=hr directory=data_pump_dir logfile=example1.log filesize=300000 dumpfile=example1.dmp job_name=EXAMPLE1 Master table "SYSTEM"."EXAMPLE1" successfully loaded/unloaded *********************************************************** ******************* Dump file set for SYSTEM.EXAMPLE1 is: /work1/private/oracle/rdbms/log/example1.dmp /work1/private/oracle/rdbms/log/hr1.dmp Job "SYSTEM"."EXAMPLE1" completed with 1 error(s) at 06:38 We could have alternatively used the START_JOB command. The CONTINUE_CLIENT command changes the mode from interactive-command mode to logging mode and then does a START_JOB. Example 2: Restart Data Pump ImportResumable Wait Timeout In Example 2, we will demonstrate Data Pump restart capability by doing a remap tablespace Import operation. Our Data Pump job will experience what is called a resumable wait. This wait is due to insufficient target tablespace resources. We show how the DBA can intervene by adding an additional file to the database and subsequently restart the import job. Step 1: Create a New Tablespace Our dump file contains various schemas that we would like imported into a new tablespace. We have our target database up and running. First, it is necessary for the DBA to create the new tablespace for our import schemas. We'll need to bring up SQL*Plus and perform the following command: SQL> create tablespace example2 datafile '/work1/private/rdbms/dbs/example2.f' size 1M extent management local Step 2: Start the Import Now that our target tablespace has been created, we are ready to perform the Data Pump Import job by using this command: >impdp system/manager dumpfile=example2.dmp remap_tablespace=system:example2 logfile=example2imp.log job_name=example2 Import: Release 10.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tuesday, 06 July, 2004 6:54 . . . Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE ORA-39171: Job is experiencing a resumable wait. ORA-01658: unable to create INITIAL extent for segment in tablespace EXAMPLE2 Step 3: Stop the JobAdd a Tablespace File Our Import job has entered the resumable wait state and is hung. This job will stay in a resumable wait until the job is stopped or until the resumable wait period expires, which by default is two hours. At this juncture, the DBA can intervene by adding an additional file to the EXAMPLE2 tablespace. One very good reason to stop the job is if the DBA has to do maintenance to the disk subsystem in Muhammad Atif Akram 0300-6649007

Oracle 10g database features conjunction with adding the second dump file. In the general case it may not be necessary to stop the job. In our example, we will stop the job with a Control-C prior to the resumable wait expiration. ^C Import>stop_job=immediate Step 4: Add a File to the Tablespace We can invoke SQL*Plus and add a file to the EXAMPLE2 tablespace. SQL>alter tablespace example2 add datafile '/work1/private/rdbms/dbs/example2b.f' size 1m autoextend on maxsize 50m; Step 5: Attach to the Job We are now ready to attach to our job and restart our import. Note that we attach to the job by job_name; in this case EXAMPLE2. >impdp system/manager attach=example2 Import: Release 10.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tuesday, 6 July, 2004 07:01 Copyright (c) 2003, Oracle. All rights reserved. . . . Job Error Count: 0 Dump File: /work1/private/oracle/rdbms/log/example2.dmp Worker 1 Status: State: UNDEFINED Object Schema: HR Object Name: COUNTRIES Object Type: SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE Completed Objects: 15 Worker Parallelism: 1 Step 6: Restart the Job Now we can start the job again. This time, we'll use START_JOB. Import> start_job Step 7: Check the Job Status We can optionally check the status of the job. Import> status Job: EXAMPLE2 Operation: IMPORT Mode: SCHEMA State: EXECUTING Bytes Processed: 2,791,768 Percent Done: 99 Current Parallelism: 1 Job Error Count: 0 Dump File: /work1/private/oracle/rdbms/log/example2.dmp Worker 1 Status: State: EXECUTING Object Type: SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS Worker Parallelism: 1 When the job completes, you will be able to check the example2imp.log file for job status and other information. In Example 2, we demonstrated how to restart a Data Pump import job. It's important to note that normally it would not be necessary to stop the job (in Step 3) in order to add the second dump file. We could have simply added the file to the tablespaces, from another session. In other words, we could have skipped Muhammad Atif Akram 0300-6649007

Oracle 10g database features over steps 3, 5,6,7, and 8. The job would have automatically resumed in this case. Summary If you use Data Pump and experience a failure, you may be able to easily correct the problem and then use the Data Pump restart capability without any loss of data, and without having to completely redo the operation.

Muhammad Atif Akram 0300-6649007