MARKING SCHEME PAPER 2, PHYSICS MID TERM EXAM 2011 PART A:

No 1 (a) (i) (ii) Answer State the name of liquid correctly - mercury State the correct physical change - Expansion / increase in volume State the choice of instrument correctly -thermometer X Give one correct reason. - The smallest division is smaller // able to detect the smaller /smallest change Rate of change of displacement Between D and E Total displacement = [ ( x 4 x 10) + (6 x 10) + ( x 2 x 10)] [1/2 x 2 x 10] = [20 + 60 + 10] [10] = 80 cm (c) 1 1 Mark 1 1

(b) (i)

(ii)

(a) (i) (ii) (b)

4 1 1 1

(a) (b)

(c)

(d)

Pascals Principle 1.When the handle is pressed down, the pressure is exerted on the liquid and transmits uniformly to the large piston 2. The force is produced and pushes the load up Some of the force is used to compress air bubbles // The pressure cannot be transmitted uniformly and immediately because the air bubble is compressed F = 200 20 100 F = 40 N

5 1 1 1 1

1 1 6

(a) (b)

(c) (i) (ii)

increases linearly As the temperature increase, the speed of the molecules increase. The rate of collision between molecules and container wall increase. Therefore, pressure increase - 273oC

1 1 1 1 1

(d)

P1 = P2 T1 T2 200 = P2 273 + 27 273 + 80 P 2 = 235.3 kPa 1

(a) (b) (i) (ii) (c) (i) (ii) (d) (i) (ii) (e)

Force is an action that can change the type of motion of the object which is in a straight line. Fe = Fd Net force = 0 N T=W Net force = 0 N When the object moves with constant velocity or the object is stationary, the net force is zero Forces in equilibrium The aeroplane will accelerate. A hindrance to current flow // halangan kpd pengaliran arus. The length of wire in Diagram 6.1 is longer The potential difference in Diagram 6.1 is bigger The magnitude of current is the same in both diagrams. The resistance of wire in Diagram 6.1 is bigger The longer the length the higher the resistance 1. Current increases 2. Because total resistance decreases

1 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8

(a) (b) (i) (ii) (iii) (c) (i) (ii) (d)

(a) (b) (i)

The incidence angle in denser medium which can produce a 90 refracted angle

1. The ray is reflected twice 2. Direction of ray is correct (ii) n = 1/ sin 42 n = 1/0.669 n = 1.49 or 1.50

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12

(iii) Total internal Reflection (c) (i) refractive index of the inner core is greater than the outer cladding total internal reflection can occur (ii) An optical fibre is very small in diameter hence a bundle of optical fibres can transmit more information. (iii) Optical fibre has high flexibility.

(a) (b) (i)

Microwave v = f 3 X 108 = f( 2 X 10-2) f = 1.5 X 1010 Hz (ii) v = s/t 3 X 108 = 4.8 x 107 t t = 0.16 s (c) (i) Concave reflector -converge wave (ii) At focal point Waves converge at focal point (iii) Big can collect more wave (d) Type X is most suitable Total

NO 9

SCHEMATIC CRITERIA Normal force per unit surface area (a) (b)(i) M1 Mass of load is equal M2 Depth of sinking in D9.2 is less than D9.1 // Vice versa M3 Area in contact with the soft ground in D9.2 is bigger than D9.1 (b)(ii) M1 When depth of sinking increases, the pressure increases M2 When area in contact increases, pressure decreases When the piston is pushed in, the air flows out of the M1 (c) nozzle with high speed M2 Creating a region of low pressure above the narrow tube The higher pressure of the atmospheric air acts on the M3 surface of the liquid causing it to rise up the narrow tube The liquid leaves the top of the narrow tube through the M4 nozzle as a fine spray. (d) Structure of the dam M1 Build a dam that has thicker wall at the base // Diagram M2 To withstand higher pressure at the bottom The material used for the dam M3 Made of concrete M4 Not easily break The design to ensure safety M5 Equipped with water overflow system // Diagram M6 Avoid overflow /flooding M7 Build high wall M8 Store more water / avoid overflow Additional component to produce electricity M9 Build turbine at the bottom of the wall High water pressure will turn the turbine to produce M10 electricity TOTAL MARK

MARK 1

10

20M

NO 10

(a) (b)

SCHEMATIC CRITERIA Sources that have same amplitude, frequency and phase M1 Distance between sources in Diagram 10.2 is bigger M2 The wavelength for both are equal M3 The separation between 2 consecutive antinodal/nodal lines are bigger in Diagram 10.1 The smaller the distance between two sources the bigger M4 the separation between 2 consecutive antinodal/nodal lines. M5 Interference M1 M2 M1 Speed of wave is uniform Wavelength is uniform Distance between wavefronts in shallow region are smaller than in deeper region Correct direction i.e no refraction in shallow region but bend downwards in deep region.

MARK 1

(c)(i)

(ii)

4 M2

(d)

Location of resort M1 At the bay Calmer water and lower amplitude waves since energy M2 diverge Features to reduce the erosion of shore Build barriers with small opening from one cape to M3 another Water waves are reflected and diffracted so less energy M4 wave reach the shore. M5 Build high wall barriers M6 To protect beach from high waves Features to enable children to swim safely. M7 Build sandbank to create shallow area M8 Speed and wavelength of wave decreases Features to protect hotel from strong wind M9 Grow tall trees between the beach and hotel The trees helps in breaking or spreading out the wind M10 energy TOTAL MARK
5

10

20

NO 11 (a) (b) (i) (ii)

SCHEMATIC CRITERIA Springs constant ,k is the ratio of force to the extension // k = F/x Spring X Spring X is thicker Spring X is stiffer Spring X extend shorter than spring Y for the same force k = F / x , extension of spring is shorter, the value of k is higher 1 1 1 1 1 1

MARK

(c) Aspect Small diameter High elastic limit higher spring constant small natural frequency S is chosen Explanation enough space for the spring to be installed // more stiffer can support heavy load small compression of the spring reduce bumping small diameter , highest elastic limit ,highest spring constant and small natural frequency

10

(d) (i)

(ii)

k=F x = 0.3x 10 0.06 = 50 Nm-1 0.3 kg 0.5 cm

6 cm 6 x 0.5 0.3 = 10 cm Length of spring = 20 + 10 = 30 cm

TOTAL MARK 20 marks

NO SCHEMATIC CRITERIA 12(a)(i) The distance between focal point and optical centre (ii)

MARK 1 3

(iii) Virtual, upright and magnified (b) Aspects fo > fe Eyepiece is thicker than objective lens Diameter of the objective lens is greater than diameter of eyepiece. Distance between 2 lenses S = fo + fe Chosen arrangement : K Explanation Higher magnification of image Shorter focal length and higher power To ensure more light can enter the telescope to produce brighter image f o + f e is the distance of normal adjustment which will produce a sharp image. Because f o > f e , eyepiece is thicker than objective lens, diameter of the objective lens is greater than diameter of eyepiece and distance of two lenses is f o + f e

2 2 2

(c)(i)

(ii)

(iii)

P = 1/f f = = 0.2 m = 20 cm f=15 cm, u = 30 cm v = ? 1= 1 + 1 f u v 1= 1 - 1 v f u 1= 1 - 1 v 20 30 v = 60 cm m=v u m = 60/30 = 2 Characteristics of the image: Real, magnified and inverted Note at least 2 characteristics TOTAL MARK
7

1 1 20