NSP712 Diff - Protection English Version

Nanjing Sino-German Protection & Substation Control S ystem Ltd.
NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction
Nanjing Sino-German Protection & Substation Control System Ltd. January 2007
* These instructions apply to NSP712 V3.00 and above versions. * These instructions and the product may be updated. Please check consistency between actual product and version of instructions.
Table of Contents
1 SCOPE........................................................................................................................................................... 1 2 FEATURES ................................................................................................................................................... 2 3 TECHNICAL DATA .................................................................................................................................... 3 3.1 RATED DATA............................................................................................................................................. 3 3.2 POWER CONSUMPTION ............................................................................................................................. 3 3.3 MAIN TECHNICAL FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... 3 3.4 INSULATION PERFORMANCE .................................................................................................................... 4 3.5 ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE RESISTANCE ................................................................................... 4 3.6 MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE .................................................................................................................. 5 3.7 AMBIENT CONDITIONS ............................................................................................................................. 5 4 PRINCIPLE OF PROTECTION................................................................................................................ 6 4.1 AC INPUT ................................................................................................................................................. 6 4.2 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................................... 6 4.3 DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION .................................................................................................................... 7 4.4 NSP712 UNDER VOLTAGE OR OVER NEGATIVE SEQUENCE VOLTAGE BLOCK AND OVER CURRENT PROTECTION ................................................................................................................................................ 12 4.5 NSP712 ZERO SEQUENCE VOLTAGE PROTECTION ................................................................................ 12 4.6 NSP712 OVERLOAD ALARM .................................................................................................................. 13 4.7 DEVICE ALARM ...................................................................................................................................... 13 5 NSP712 SYSTEM PARAMETERS AND SETTING LIST .................................................................... 14 6 USE OF MAN-MACHINE INTERFACE ................................................................................................ 19 6.1PANEL LAYOUT ....................................................................................................................................... 19 6.2 BUTTONS ................................................................................................................................................ 19 6.3 SIGNAL LAMP AND LCD ........................................................................................................................ 20 6.4 SERIAL INTERFACE ................................................................................................................................. 20 6.5 MENU STRUCTURE ................................................................................................................................. 21 6.6 FUNCTIONS AND MENU .......................................................................................................................... 22 6.7 OPERATION INSTRUCTIONS .................................................................................................................... 23 7 DEBUGGING GUIDELINE...................................................................................................................... 27 7.1 DEBUGGING PRECAUTIONS .................................................................................................................... 27 7.2 CHECK BEFORE ENERGIZING THE DEVICE ............................................................................................. 27 7.3 INSULATION CHECK ............................................................................................................................... 27 7.4 ENERGIZING CHECK ............................................................................................................................... 27
7.5 SAMPLING ACCURACY CHECK ............................................................................................................... 27 7.6 SWITCH SIGNAL INPUT CHECK .............................................................................................................. 27 7.7 RELAY CONTACT TEST ........................................................................................................................... 28 7.8 SETTING TEST ........................................................................................................................................ 28 7.9 PROTECTION FUNCTION TEST ITEMS ..................................................................................................... 28 8 DEVICE OPERATION.............................................................................................................................. 29 8.1 NORMAL OPERATION STATUS OF DEVICE .............................................................................................. 29 8.2 INSTALLATION PRECAUTIONS ................................................................................................................ 29 8.3 DEVICE INFORMATION MEANING AND TROUBLE-SHOOTING................................................................. 29 8.4 EXAMPLE OF FAULT INFORMATION ........................................................................................................ 30 9 STORAGE................................................................................................................................................... 32 10 ORDERING INSTRUCTIONS............................................................................................................... 33 ANNEX........................................................................................................................................................... 34 ANNEX 1 NSP712V3.0 INFORMATION TABLE AND SUBMITTED MEASUREMENT ........................................ 34 ANNEX 2 NSP712V3.0 TRANSFORMER DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION DEVICE SETTING CALCULATION ..... 35 ANNEX 3 TERMINAL LAYOUT ...................................................................................................................... 39 ANNEX 4 TERMINAL WIRING DIAGRAM ...................................................................................................... 40 ANNEX 5 OPENING DIMENSIONS ................................................................................................................. 42 ANNEX 6 ORDERING NUMBER ..................................................................................................................... 43
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1 Scope
The NSP712 series differential protection applies to 2-winding transformer and 3-winding transformer with voltage level of 220kV and lower, and can satisfy the requirements for four-side differential. Schematic Figure for three-side or four-side transformer differential by NSP712 is shown in Figure1-1.
I1
I1
* *
Y Y Y
I2
*
I2
I3
I3
* *
I1
* *
I2
Y Y
*
I3
I4
*
Figure 1-1. Wiring schematic Figure for transformer differential NSP712 features functions such as High-set Value Differential Protection, Ratio Differential Current Protection, Under Voltage or Over negative Sequence Voltage Block and Over Current Protection, Zero Sequence Voltage Protection, Over Load Protection and TA Fault Judgment. The Ratio Differential Current Protection in NSP712 device uses 2nd harmonic ratio. NSP712A features functions such as High-set Value Differential Protection, Ratio Differential Current Protection, TA Fault Judgment, non-electric quantity protection. The Ratio Differential Current Protection in NSP712A device uses 2nd harmonics restraint ratio. -1-
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2 Features
Hardware platform with high-performance 32-bit DSP+ARM dual-processor as the core, which is reliable and effective; Use software adjustment, automatic TA matching and vector conversion; Use reliable Id>Blk.by TA Fault criteria, making sure the device will not have wrong action in the event of TA Fault or AC loop fault. User friendly LCD, Chinese man-machine interface, and the operation is easy. The protection action process is transparent, the information recording is complete, and use continuous ware recording method, which can record 6 waves maximum, each recorded wave lasts up to 4 seconds, providing complete Sequence of Event information; Four value sets, which can be easily copied and set, for shifting use during change of operation mode; Provide testing and analysis software NCP-Manage, which is based on WINDOWS interface, and significantly increases the testing and maintenance efficiency, and can easily analyze the event and wave; Provide maximum 3 high-speed Ethernet ports as interface for automatic communication, and also can provide dual 485 communication interface; Multiple clock synchronization methods: communication synchronization, Pulse Per Minute synchronization and IRIG-B code synchronization.
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3 Technical Data
3.1 Rated Data
DC power supply: AC voltage: AC current: Frequency: 220V or 110V, permissible deviation +20%~-20% 100V or 57.7V 5A or 1A 50Hz
3.2 Power Consumption

AC voltage: AC current: DC: 0.5VA/phase 1VA/ phase (In=5A) 0.5VAphase (In=1A) Normal15W Action25W
3.3 Main Technical Figures

3.3.1 Differential Protection Ratio Differential Current Pick-up Value: 0.10Ie~2.00Ie (Ie is rated current of transformer, same below) Differential instantaneous trip: 1.00Ie~20.00Ie Ratio Differential Current Starting Slope: 0.00~0.80 Ratio Differential Current Maximum Slope: 0.20~1.20 2nd Harmonic Restraint Ratio Coefficient: 0.10~1.00 Ratio Differential Action Time: 35 ms (2 times of setting value) Differential Instantaneous Trip Action Time: 25ms (1.5 times of setting value) Ratio Differential Current Setting Error: 5% or 0.01Ie Differential Instantaneous Trip Setting Error: 5% 3.3.2 Under Voltage or Over negative Sequence Voltage Block and Over Current Protection Over Negative Sequence Voltage Setting Value: 1.00V~60.00V Under Voltage Setting Value: 10.00V~100.00V Current Setting Value: 0.10A~100.00A Time Delay Setting Value: 0.00~100.00s Voltage Setting Value Error: 5% or 0.05V Current Setting Value Error: 5% or 0.01In(In is TA Rated Second Current, same below) Time Delay Setting Value Error: 1% setting value 40ms 3.3.3 Over Zero Sequence Voltage Protection Zero Sequence Voltage Setting Value: 2.00V~100.00V Time Delay Setting Value: 0.00~100.00s Voltage Setting Value Error: 5% or 0.05V Time Delay Setting Value Error: 1% setting value 40ms 3.3.4 Over Load Protection Current Setting Value: 0.10A~100.00A Time Delay Setting Value: 0.00~100.00s
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Current Setting Value Error: 5% or 0.01In Time Delay Setting Value Error: 1% setting value 40ms
3.4 Insulation Performance

3.4.1 Insulation Resistance Use megohmmeter with 500V open circuit voltage to measure the insulation resistance between the energized section and non-energized section and the casing, as well as between the loops without electrical connections, and under normal testing atmospheric conditions, the insulation resistance between the loops of each level should not be less than 20M. 3.4.2 Dielectric Strength Under normal testing atmospheric conditions, the device can stand 1-minute power frequency withstand voltage test with a frequency of 50Hz and a voltage of 2000V, without flashover breakdown or element damage. During the test, when any tested loop is subject to voltage, the remaining loops will be equipotentially interconnected and earthed. 3.4.3 Impulse Voltage Under normal testing atmospheric conditions, the loop to ground and between loops of the device can stand short-time impulse of 5kV, 1.2/50s standard lightning wave. 3.4.4 Moisture and Heat Resistance The device can stand testing temperature of 402 and relative humidity of 93%3% in the constant temperature and humidity test specified in GB/T 2423.9, and the test duration is 48hr. 2 hours before the test is finished, measure the insulation resistance between the conductive circuits and the exposed non-energized part and between the loops without electrical connection according to Paragraph 3.4.1, which should not be less than 1.5 megohm. The dielectric voltage withstand strength should not be less than 75% of dielectric strength test voltage amplitude value specified in Section 3.4.2.
3.5 Electromagnetic Interference Resistance

3.5.1 Impulsive Interference The device can stand the interference test specified in GB/T 14598.13-1998. The testing power supply frequency is 100kHz and 1MHz. Testing voltage is common mode 2500V, differential-mode 1000V decaying oscillation wave. During the test, subject the tested device to a power supply, and then overlap the interference test voltage according to the critical conditions listed in the table in Section 3.1.1 of GB/T14598.13, and the device will not act or reject the action. 3.5.2 Fast Transient Interference The device can stand Class IV 40kV 10 fast transient interference test specified in GB/T 14598.10-1996. 3.5.3 Electrostatic Discharge The device can stand Class IV (space discharge 15kV, contact discharge 8kV) electrostatic discharge test specified by GB/T 14598.14-1998 standard. 3.5.4 Radioactive Electromagnetic Field Interference The device can stand radioactive electromagnetic field interference test with a Harsh Class III specified by GB/T 14598.9-1995. 3.5.5 Surge Passed the Class III interference test (common mode 2000v, differential mode 1000V) for surge impact specified in GB/T 17626.5 1999.
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3.6 Mechanical Performance

3.6.1 Vibration The device can stand the vibration response test with a Harsh Class I specified in Section 16.2.3 of GB/T 7261-2000, Basic Testing Method for Relay and Equipment. 3.6.2 Shock The device can stand the shock response test with a Harsh Class 1 specified in Section 16.4.1.1 of GB/T 7261-2000. The device can stand the shock durability test with a Harsh Class 1 specified in Section 16.5.1 of GB/T 7261-2000. 3.6.3 Impact The device can stand the impact test with a Harsh Class 1 specified in Section 18.4 of GB/T 7261-2000.
3.7 Ambient Conditions

3.7.1 Ambient Temperature Working temperature: -10~+55 Storage temperature: -25~+75 At limit values, without being subject to energizing quantity, the device will not show irreversible changes, and when the temperature returns to normal, the device can work normally. 3.7.2 Relative Humidity Monthly average maximum relative humidity of the wettest month is 90%, and the monthly average minimum temperature of the month is 25, without surface condensation, and when the highest temperature is +40, the average maximum relative humidity will not exceed 50%. 3.7.3 Atmospheric Pressure 70-106kPabelow relative altitude above sea level of 2km.
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4 Principle of Protection
4.1 AC Input
Input I1, I2, I3 three sides current, and (I1+I2+I3) forms the differential current, which will be the operating quantity of the differential relay. In this device, the phase difference existing between the current on each side of the transformer is automatically corrected by software. Current transformers on both sides use Y connection. The current reference direction on both sides directs to the protected equipment. Ua, Ub, Uc are taken from the low voltage side busbar TV, and are used as the Under Voltage Or Over Negative Sequence Voltage element for over voltage protection.
4.2 Software Description

The protection device normally performs communication, man-machine dialogue and other activities, and produces a sampling interruption at certain interval. The sampled parts go through digital filtering and pre-treating process through AD sampling, and form the quantities required for protection judgment. First, it will judge whether the differential element will be started, if so, it will first carry out the judgment of Differential Instantaneous Trip Protection. The action judgment for the Differential Instantaneous Trip Protection element is relatively simple; it essentially is a differential current over current relay, which does not require any surge current blocking judgment, TA fault judgment or TA saturation judgment. Then it goes to TA fault transient judgment procedure, if it is not TA fault, then it goes to the surge current judgment software, so as to differentiate whether it is a fault or excitation surge current. If it is not blocked by the surge current judgment element, then after the high-value ratio differential element is started, the action can be exported. The ratio differential element will also go through the TA saturation judgment, if TA is not saturated, then after the high-value ratio differential element is started, the action can be exported. Then it will go through other protection judgment such as the over current protection. For overall flow chart of the protection see Figure 4-1.
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Sampling interruption Sampling Computation Differential protection pickup
Y
High-set value differential current protection judgment
N
TA fault judgement
N
Surge current judgement
N
TA saturation judgement Ratio differential judgment
High-value ratio differential judgment
Other protections
Action logic
Return to main program
Figure 4-1
4.3 Differential Protection

4.3.1 Ratio Differential General Pickup Element The ratio differential protection of the device is provided with general pickup element. When the maximum value of the three-phase differential current is larger than the differential current pickup setting value, the pickup element will act, and after action of the pickup element, it will be widened by 500ms, open the exit relay positive power supply. Protection enter the calculation program of ratio differential fault measurement. 4.3.2 Ratio Differential Element Action characteristics of the ratio differential protection are shown in Figure 4-2, and it can reliably evade the unbalance current in the event of external fault. The differential protection can satisfy the three-side and four-side differential requirements. The ratio differential protections uses second harmonic restraint.
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Id>> K2
Id> Kb1Ie
K1 Kb2Ie Ir
Figure 4-2. Action characteristics of ratio differential protection Where: Id is the action current; Ir is the restraint current;
I d > is the differential current pickup value; I d >> is the Differential Instantaneous Trip value;
Kl, K2 are ratio differential restraint coefficient; Ie is Rated Second Current; Kb1Ie, Kb2Ie are starting points of the action characteristic curve, in which the shaded area is the protection action area. The device uses three-polygon ratio differential principle, whose action formula is as follows:
Id > I d > Id I d > > K1 ( I r Kb1 Ie) Id I d > K1 (Kb 2 Kb1 ) Ie > K2( I r Kb 2 Ie)
Where,
I r Kb1Ie Kb1 Ie < I r Kb 2 Ie I r > Kb 2 Ie
I d = I1 + I 2 + I 3 or I d = I1 + I 2 + I 3 + I 4 I r = 0.5( I 1 + I 2 + I 3 ) or I r = 0.5( I 1 + I 2 + I 3 + I 4
For transformer differential protection, the currents on each sides will go through Y adjustment and TA matching through software, and use full Y wire connection. The full Y wire connection method offers significant advantage in reducing the secondary load of the current transformer and in improving the working performance of the current transformer. 4.3.3 2nd harmonic restraint In the NSP712 protection, the ratio differential protection uses the 2nd harmonic in the three-phase differential current as the criteria for excitation surge current blocking. The action formula is as follows:
I d 2 > K set I d 1
Where:
I d 2 is the 2nd harmonic of A, B and C three-phase different current; I d 1 is the corresponding

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three-phase fundamental component differential current; K set is the 2nd harmonic restraint coefficient. The protection uses phase-wise blocking and cross blocking self-adaptive method. 4.3.4 TA Saturation Blocking Principle To avoid potential malfunction of the steady-state ratio differential protection caused by TA transient state and steady-state saturation in the event of external fault, the device uses the harmonic of current on each side as the criteria for TA saturation, which is expressed as follows:
I 2 > K 2 * I1 I 3 > K 3 * I1
Where:
I 2 , I 3 are the 2nd and 3rd harmonic current of a phase on a side; I 1 is the first harmonic of the
corresponding phase current; K 2 , K 3 are ratio coefficient of the 2nd and 3rd harmonic. Whose logic Figure is shown as following:
Ie
I 1 > 20% I e
I 2 > 10% I 1 I 3 > 10% I1
Where: Imax is Any side Max Current;
I1 is the fundamental of a phase in a side;
I 2 is the 2nd harmonic of the corresponding phase; I 3 is the 3rd harmonic of the corresponding phase.
Figure 4.3. TA saturation judgment logic Figure Note: when TA is saturated, if there is current in one side TA, it will not block the differential. There must be at least one phase of current on each of both sides before the ratio differential is blocked. 4.3.5 High-value Ratio Differential Principle To avoid time delayed action of the ratio differential caused by TA saturation and other factors in the event of serious fault in the area, the device is provided with a high ratio and high pickup value ratio differential protection, using its ratio restraint characteristics to resist the TA transient and steady-state saturation in the event of external fault, when in the event of TA saturation in internal fault, it can act reliably and correctly. The action formula of steady-state high-value ratio differential is expressed as follows:
I d > 1.2 I e + K 3 ( I r 1.6 I e )

Where:
I r > 1.6 I e
K 3 is the high-value ratio differential restraint coefficient, normally take 0.6-0.8, this device takes 0.75, in
which, the selection of differential current and restraint current are same as above. In the program, judgment is made for each phase one by one, and when above conditions are met, the ratio -9-
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differential will act. Note: parameters of each phase of high-value ratio differential are set internally by the device (setting by user is not necessary). 4.3.6 Differential Instantaneous Trip Protection Differential instantaneous trip protection is essentially an over current relay reflecting the differential current, to ensure quick action trip in the event of serious fault inside of the transformer. When the differential current of any phase exceeds the Differential instantaneous trip setting value, action will happen immediately on the exit relay, and the typical exit action time is less than 25ms. 4.3.7 TA Fault Alarm Function 1) Time-delay TA Fault Alarm Function Time-delay TA fault alarm happens in the protection of sampling program. When the following two conditions are met at the same time, and the time exceeds 2.5s, it will send TA fault alarm signal, but it will not block the ratio differential protection. This also plays a self-checking function to protect the AC sampling loop of the device. When any of the following conditions is not satisfied, and the time exceeds 5s, the TA fault alarm signal will be returned. a) Negative sequence current on a side satisfies: I 2 0.25 Max{I a , I b, I c } + 0.01I e ; b) At least one phase of the side has a current of zero.
I 2 0.25 Max{I a , I b, I c } + 0.01I e
Figure 4.4 Time-delay TA fault judgment logic Figure 2) Transient TA Fault Alarm Function Transient TA fault alarm happens after pickup of the differential protection. When all following conditions are met, TA on this side is considered transient fault: a) Maximum phase current of this side before pickup is larger than 0.12Ie; b) Maximum phase current of each sides after pickup is lower than 1.2Ie c) After pickup, the current of any side is not increased from before pickup; d) At least one phase current on this side is zero (i.e. less than 0.06Ie) after pickup, and larger than 0.12Ie before pickup. Entering the transient TA fault judgment program only after action of the ratio differential element, this also prevents the wrong blocking of transient TA fault. Through setting control word selection, after transient TA fault judgment action, the ratio differential protection output can be blocked.
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Figure 4.5. Transient TA fault judgment logic Figure 4.3.8 NSP712 Series Differential Protection Logic Figure
Figure 4.6 NSP712 differential protection logic figure -11-
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4.4 NSP712 Under Voltage or Over negative Sequence Voltage Block and Over Current Protection
The device is provided with two-stage under voltage or over negative sequence voltage block and over current protection respectively on the HV and MV sides. The under voltage or over negative sequence voltage element is comprised of interphase LV and negative sequence voltage or gate, using two control words to control the over current stage and stage II blocked by under voltage or over negative sequence voltage. When the under voltage or over negative sequence voltage block and over current protection control word is 1, it means the over current protection of the stage is blocked by the under voltage or over negative sequence voltage. The current and time setting values of each stage can be set separately, control words can be set respectively to control the switching of both stages.
Figure 4.7 NSP712 under voltage or over negative sequence voltage block and over current protection logic Figure
4.5 NSP712 Zero Sequence Voltage Protection

The device is provided with two-stage zero sequence voltage protection. A separate virtul linking piece is provided to control the switch of the protection.
Figure 4.8 NSP712 zero sequence voltage protection logic Figure -12-
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4.6 NSP712 Overload Alarm

The device is provided with two-stage overload protection. A separate virtul linking piece is provided to control the switch of the protection.
Figure 4.9 NSP712 overload protection logic Figure
4.7 Device Alarm

When hardware fault in the device is detected, device abnormal signal will be sent, and the whole protection will be blocked. Hardware fault includes: RAM, EPROM, setting value error, etc. When following faults are detected, alarm signal will be sent. 1) TV fault alarm When any of the following conditions is satisfied for more than 2.5s, the TV fault signal will be sent. When both of the following conditions are not satisfied for more than 5s, the TV fault return. There is current in at least one phase and >0.12In, positive sequence phase voltage<10V. Negative sequence phase voltage >10V. 2) TA fault alarm (see 4.3.7) 3) When 2nd harmonic blocking ratio differential signal has occurred.
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5 NSP712 System Parameters and Setting List

System Parameter Byte Range TATV Parameter Differential Type 2 Two-side/three-side Transformer Capacity 2 0-1000.0 MVA Rated Primary Voltage of Side1 2 1.00-600.00 kV Rated Second Voltage of Side1 2 0-100.00 V Rated Primary Current of Side1 2 0-60000 A Rated Second Current of Side1 2 1A/5A Rated Primary Voltage of Side2 2 1.00-600.00 kV Rated Second Voltage of Side2 2 0-100.00 V Rated Primary Current of Side2 2 0-60000 A Rated Second Current of Side2 2 1A/5A 12 oclock wiring/11 oclock wiring without earthing/11 oclock wiring with earthing / /1 Vector Group side2 to side1 2 oclock wiring without earthing/1 oclock wiring with earthing Rated Primary Voltage of Side3 2 1.00-600.00 kV Rated Second Voltage of Side3 2 0-100.00 V Rated Primary Current of Side3 2 0-60000 A Rated Second Current of Side3 2 1A/5A 12 oclock wiring/11 oclock wiring without earthing/11 oclock wiring with earthing / /1 Vector Group side3 to side1 2 oclock wiring without earthing/1 oclock wiring with earthing Rated Second Voltage of TV Zero Sequence 2 0-100.00 V Binary Input Parameter Binary Input 1filter Time 2 10-32767 Binary Input 2filter Time 2 10-32767 Binary Input3 filter Time 2 10-32767 Binary Input 4filter Time 2 10-32767 Binary Input5 filter Time 2 10-32767 Binary Input6 filter Time 2 10-32767 Binary Input 7filter Time 2 10-32767 Binary Input8 filter Time 2 10-32767 Binary Input 9filter Time 2 10-32767 Binary Input10 filter Time 2 10-32767 Binary Input 11filter Time 2 10-32767 Binary Input12 filter Time 2 10-32767 Binary Input13 filter Time 2 10-32767 Binary Input14 filter Time 2 10-32767 Clock Synchronization Mode Communication synchronization/ Pulse Per Clock Synchronization Mode 2 Minute + communication/IRIGB code Report Management 2 Save/Note save Save Report Password Information User Password1 2 0-8 User Password2 2 0-8 User Password3 2 0-8 User Password4 2 0-8 User Password5 2 0-8 User Password6 2 0-8 RS485 Communication Parameter Parameter Description Step ----0.1 MVA 0.01 kV 0.01 V 1A ----0.01 kV 0.01 V 1A --------0.01 kV 0.01 V 1A --------0.01 V 1ms 1ms 1ms 1ms 1ms 1ms 1ms 1ms 1ms 1ms 1ms 1ms 1ms 1ms --------1 1 1 1 1 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
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40 41 42 43 44 45 46 RS485 Address RS485A Baud RS485A Check Mode RS485B Baud RS485B Check Mode RS485A Channel RS485B Channel
2 0-255 2 1200/2400/4800 9600/19200 2 none/odd/even check 2 1200/2400/4800 9600/19200 2 none/odd/even check 2 0-4 2 0-4 EtherNet Communication Parameter 47 EtherNet Port A IP Address 4 -----------48 EtherNet Port A Port Number 2 0-65535 1 49 EtherNet Port A Subnet Mask 4 -----------50 EtherNet Port A Remote IP Address 4 -----------51 EtherNet Port A Remote Port Number 2 0-65535 1 52 EtherNet Port A Remote IP Port Number 2 1 06 53 Local MAC 6 ------The number of EtherNet Port A IP Address, Port Number and Channel is most 8 Parameters of EtherNet Port B and C are the same as that of Port A Protection Function Configuration 54 Transformer Differential Protection 2 Open/Close ----Under Voltage or Over negative Sequence Voltage 55 2 Open/Close ----Block and Over Current Protection of Side1 Under Voltage or Over negative Voltage Block and 56 2 Open/Close ----Over Current Protection of Side2 57 Over Zero Sequence Voltage Protection 2 Open/Close ----58 Over Load Protection 2 Open/Close ----59 TA Fault Check 2 Open/Close ----60 TV Fault Check 2 Open/Close ----Only the protection function is configured before the corresponding protection setting menu can be entered. If it is not configured, DSP program internal processing can not access the corresponding protection program module, it can only access the initial function of the protection module. Current Valid Value Set 61 Current Valid Value Set 1 0x0017-0x1a(A-D) Protection Setting Differential Protection Switch of High-set Value Differential Current 62 2 On/Off ----Protection 63 Switch of Ratio Differential Current 2 On/Off ----64 Ratio Differential Protection Blocked by CT Fault 2 On/Off ----65 High-set Value of Differential Current 2 1.00 20.00 Ie 0.01Ie 66 Ratio Differential Current Pick-up Value 2 0.10 2.00 Ie 0.01Ie 67 Ratio Differential Current Strating Slope k1 2 0.00- 0.80 0.01 68 Ratio Differential Current Strating Slope k2 2 0.20 1.20 0.01 69 k1 Base point 2 0.00 2.00 0.01 70 k2 Base point 2 0.00 5.00 0.01 71 2nd Harmonic Ratio Coefficient 2 0.1 1.00 0.01 Under Voltage or Over negative Sequence Voltage Block and Over Current Protection of Side1 72 Switch of Over Current Stageof Side1 2 On/Off ----Over Current StageBlocked by Under Voltage or 73 2 On/Off ----Over negative Sequence Voltage of Side1 74 Switch of Over Current Stageof Side1 2 On/Off ----Over Current StageBlocked by Under Voltage or 75 2 On/Off ----Over negative Sequence Voltage of Side1 76 Switch of Over Current Blocked by CT Fault 2 On/Off ----77 Negative Sequence Voltage Setting Value 2 1.00 60.00V 0.01V 78 Under Voltage Setting Value 2 10.00 100.00V 0.01V 79 Over Current StageSetting Value of Side1 2 0.10 100.00A 0.01A 80 Time-delay Over Current Stageof Side1 2 0.00 100.00s 0.01s 81 Over Current StageSetting Value of Side1 2 0.10 100.00A 0.01A
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82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105

Time-delay Over Current Stageof Side1 2 0.00 100.00s Under Voltage or Over negative Sequence Voltage Block and Over Current Protection of Side2 Switch of Over Current Stageof Side2 2 On/Off Over Current StageBlocked by Under Voltage or 2 On/Off Over negative Sequence Voltage of Side2 Switch of Over Current Stageof Side2 2 On/Off Over Current StageBlocked by Under Voltage or 2 On/Off Over Negative Sequence Voltage of Side2 Over Current Protection Blocked by TV Fault 2 On/Off Over Negative Sequence Voltage Setting Value 2 1.00 60.00V Under Voltage Setting Value 2 10.00 100.00V Over Current StageSetting Value of Side2 2 0.10 100.00A Time-delay Over Current Stageof Side2 2 0.00 100.00s Over Current StageSetting Value of Side2 2 0.10 100.00A Time-delay Over Current Stageof Side2 2 0.00 100.00s Zero Sequence Voltage Protection 2 On/Off Switch of Zero Sequence Voltage Stage 2 On/Off Switch of Zero Sequence Voltage Stage 2 2.00 100.00 V Zero Sequence Voltage Stage 2 0.00 100.00s Time-delay of Zero Sequence Voltage Stage 2 2.0 100.00 V Zero Sequence Voltage Stage 2 0.00 100.00s Time-delay of Zero Sequence Voltage Stage Over Load Protection Switch of Over Load Alarm Stage 2 On/Off Switch of Over Load Alarm Stage 2 On/Off Switch of Over Load Alarm Stage 2 0.10 100.00 A Time-delay of Over Load Alarm Stage 2 0.00 100.00s Over Load Alarm StageValue 2 0.10 100.00 A Time-delay of Over Load Alarm Stage 2 0.00 100.00s 0.01s --------------------0.01V 0.01V 0.01A 0.01s 0.01A 0.01s --------0.01V 0.01S 0.01V 0.01S --------0.01A 0.01s 0.01A 0.01s
Note: 1 Wiring method 1) TA is connected in full Y type, Y switching is done by the program. 2) If the protection only uses current on two sides, only need to set the Differential Type to two-side, and the System Parameter automatically displays the system parameters for differential on both sides. Current connection to side 1 and side 2 will realize the two-side differential, no need to short the side 3 terminal. For example: for a Y/-11 two-winding transformer, only need to realize two-side differential, connect the HV side TA to side 1, and the LV side TA to side 2. Set the Differential Type in the System Parameter to two-side, and according to the wiring method table, select 11 oclock wiring without earthing or 11 oclock wiring with earthing for the Vector Group side2 to side1. 2 Electric quantity adjustment for each side of the transformer The secondary wiring for current transformer on each side of the transformer all uses Y type connection. The secondary current is directly connected to the device. Through the transformer capacity, the setting of rated voltages on each side of the transformer and the TA transformation ratio on each side and the wiring method, the device automatically adjusts the TA secondary current phase on each side of the transformer. We take the following two-side differential as an example to demonstrate the adjustment of current value and phase for NSP712. 1 Setting Side 2 to Side 1 to 12 oclock wiring Before the side 1 and side 2 three-phase current is taken into the calculation of differential current and restraint current, perform the zero operation first, whose modified formula is as follows:
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*' * * IA = IA I 01 *' * * Ia = Ia I 02 *' * * IB = IB I 01 *' * * Ib = Ib I 02

*' * * IC = IC I 01 * I c*' = I c* I 02
1 2
Where
* * * IA , I B , IC are per unit valve of TA secondary current of side 1; *' *' *' IA , I B , IC are the per unit value of current of each phase after modifying side 1;
* * * * I 01 = (I A + IB + IC ) / 3 is the per unit value of calculated zero sequence current of side 1;
* * * , Ib , Ic are per unit valve of TA secondary current of side 2; Ia

*' *' *' * * * , Ib , Ic are the per unit value of current of each phase after modifying side 2; I 02 Ia = (I a + Ib + I c* ) / 3
is the per unit value of calculated zero sequence current of side 2;

*' *' *' *' The obtained I A , I B , I C and I a , Ib , Ic are taken into the calculation of differential current and restraint
*'
*'
current. For details of calculation formula, please refer to Section 4.3.2. 2 Setting Side 2 to Side 1 to 11 oclock wiring without earthing The device uses ->Y change to adjust the differential current balance. The first side is Y side, no adjustment, and adjustment is made for side current as follows:
*' * * Ia = (I a Ic )/ 3 ; *' * * Ib = (I b Ia )/ 3 ; *' * * Ic = (I c Ib )/ 3
Where
* * * , Ib , Ic are per unit valve of TA secondary current on side, Ia *' *' *' , Ib , Ic are per unit values of each phase current after correction. Ia * *' *' *' The obtained I A , I B , I C and I a , Ib , Ic are taken into the calculation of differential current and restraint
current. For details of calculation formula, please refer to Section 4.3.2. 3 Setting Side 2 to Side 1 to 11 oclock wiring with earthing The device uses ->Y change to adjust the differential current balance. The first side is Y side, perform the zero operation as in formula (1), for side current perform phase adjustment same as formula (3).
*'
*'
current. For details of calculation formula, please refer to Section 4.3.2. 4 Setting Side 2 to Side 1 to 1 oclock wiring without earthing The device uses ->Y change to adjust the differential current balance. The first side is Y side, no adjustment, and adjustment is made for side current as follows:
*' * * Ia = (I a Ib )/ 3 ; *' * * Ib = (I b Ic )/ 3 ; *' * * Ic = (I c Ia )/ 3
Where,
* * * , Ib , Ic are per unit valve of TA secondary current on side, Ia
*' *' *' , Ib , Ic are per unit values of each phase current after correction. Ia
* *' *' *' The obtained I A , I B , I C and I a , Ib , Ic are taken into the calculation of differential current and restraint
current. For details of calculation formula, please refer to Section 4.3.2. 5 Setting Side 2 to Side 1 to 1 oclock wiring with earthing The device uses ->Y change to adjust the differential current balance. The first side is Y side, perform the zero operation as in formula (1), for side current perform phase adjustment same as formula (4). -17-
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*' *'
current. For details of calculation formula, please refer to Section 4.3.2. 3 Save Report? Select Yes for normal operation and No is selected only when during testing and wish to save the original fault report, in this way, the original fault report will not be superseded. 4 Remote IP: this gives a list of IP addresses for physical ports of a remote host, each port has maximum 8 groups, and the device allows sending data to the IP addresses of remote host in the list. If not so many IP addresses are used, those unused IP addresses can be set to 0.0.0.0; 5 Physical channel and logic channel: in order to make the device adaptive to various network configurations of the communication system, the concept of physical channel and logic channel must be distinguished. The so called physical channel means actual channel of physical connection, such as the RS485A, RS485B, EtherNet Port A, EtherNet Port B and EtherNet Port C in the device. Such physical channels normally have some related settings, for example, RS485 has baud rate, start bit, data bit, stop bit and check bit, etc. EtherNet has MAC address, IP address, port number, etc. The so called logic channel is proposed considering the transmission and processing methods of information in the communication system. To handle the anomaly occurred during the channel and host operation, and increase the communication reliability of the system, the communication system normally uses redundancy configuration. A communication system normally has two or more communication channels or main/spare host backup. Considering the conciseness of data processing, during operation, normally one channel is used as the main channel and the other one as the hot spare channel, and in the event of failure in the main channel, switch to the spare channel by the host. In this way, for the above level data up loaded semi-voluntarily, it should make sure the same data will not be repeatedly reported in the same communication system during switching of channels. The solution to such problem is the use of the logic channel concept, i.e., assign the same logic channel to the communication system with redundant main/spare host, and the corresponding level of data have the same outquene pointer. Any host in the system requests one level of data from the host, the outquene pointer of the logic channel will add one. 6 Logic channel of remote IP address: if the functions of remote host are the same, they can be set to the same logic channel number, for example, the channel numbers of main front host and spare front host are set to 0, and the channel number for protection administration host is set to 1. 7 Notes on protection setting 1) Start value of ratio differential element normally takes 30% of the rated current of the transformer. 2) Differential instantaneous trip element is set according to the unbalanced current of the severest external fault and current transformer saturation and evading the transformers excitation surge current. 3) Note on control word during protection operation The operation mode control word is entered during setting of values, used for switching of protection operation functions. In which, when the blocking control word of TA fault blocking ratio differential is on, once the instantaneous TA fault judgment element has acted, it will block the ratio differential protection exit port, and other protection elements will operate normally. On the other hand, if the control word of TA fault blocking ratio differential is set to off, then, after the instantaneous TA fault judgment element has acted, it will not block the ratio differential protection exit, and all protection elements will operation normally. 4When TV Fault Check and TA Fault Check are on, once there is an alarm, it will produce alarm information and the alarm lamp will be on.
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6 Use of Man-Machine Interface

To make the operation easy, the device is provided with a functional and flexible man-machine interface (MMI).
6.1Panel Layout
Layout of front panel of the device is shown in Figure 6-1: Big LCDdisplay in Chinese
Buttons
Figure 6-1 Layout of device panel
6.2 Buttons
There are 9 buttons on the panel: , , , , , , Enter, Cancel and Reset. Normally, the Enter button is used to go from one level of menu to its next level of menu, or to make a yes selection, while the Cancel button is used to return from one level of menu to its superior level of menu, or to make a no selection. and buttons are used to move the hand-shaped cursor up and down to highlight the submenu to be entered or the highlighting cursor to highlight data to be modified; the and buttons are used to move the highlighting cursor to highlight one of the data to be modified; the and buttons are used to change the data in the row/column where the cursor stays. The Reset button is used to reset the protection action lamp on the panel and reset of the signal relay. The system has an automatic saving prompt function. Under the System Parameter and Value Set X menu, if a parameter or a value is changed, after pressing the Cancel button to return to the previous level menu, the system will automatically prompt to save above change? Press the Enter button to save the change, or press the Cancel button to quit the change. The system has an information prompt function. When displaying large amount of information, multi-screen display is necessary. During the display, if the last line in the LCD has a sign, it means more information can be accessed with the button or Enter button. if the last line in the LCD has a sign, it means it can return to the previous information screen with the button or cancel button. The last line also displays the current page and the total number of pages. To avoid misoperation, the device is provided with a 6-digit user password. When it prompts to enter the
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password, the correct password must be entered to obtain the operation authorization. During entering of the password or prompt of wrong password or wrong time overlimit, the Cancel button can be used to cancel the entering of password and return to the menu before entering the password. When it prompts wrong password, press Enter button to continue with the entering of password till the password is correct or wrong number overlimit. The default password is 6s. If the system prompts operation failed, press the Cancel button to return to the previous level of menu.
6.3 Signal Lamp and LCD

The panel is provided with 7 LED indication lamps, as follows: Run lamp is green color, and flashes once per second during normal operation of Run the device; Abnormal Abnormal lamp is red color, which will be on when anomaly is discovered during self-checking of the device; Differential Differential lamp is red color, which will be on when the differential protection action trips, and will not be off till the Reset button is pressed; Over Current Over Current lamp is red color, which will be on when the over load protection Zero Voltage action trips, and will not be off till the Reset button is pressed; Zero Voltage lamp is red color, which will be on when the zero sequence voltage Over Load protection action trips, and will not be off till the Reset button is pressed; Over Load lamp is red color, which will be on when the over load acts, and will be Alarm automatically off when the over load returns; Alarm lamp is red color, which will be on when anomaly is discovered in the system operation, such as TV fault, 2nd harmonic blocking, and will be automatically off when the anomaly returns to normal. The device is provided with a big LCD displaying in Chinese. The LCD is provided with backlighting, which will be off when no button is operated for a long time. Once the button is operated, the backlight will be automatically on.
6.4 Serial Interface

The maintenance port on the panel of the device is DB9 hole type socket, which is defined as follows:
Table 15. Definition of Maintenance Port Socket Socket No. 2 3 5 Definition RXD TXD GND
Use a communication cable shown in Figure 6-2 to connect the device to a PC, and use the NCP-Manager maintenance software to perform maintenance on the device, note that the maintenance port transmission baud rate is fixed at 9600.
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To device
ToPC PC
Figure 6-2. Connection between PC and Maintenance Port
6.5 Menu Structure

The command menu uses the following tree type directory:
Main menu Parameter setting
Differential type Protection configuration
Protection setting
TATV parameter TATV Value set A A Value set B B Value set C C Value set D D Copy value set Switch value set Binary input parameter Communication parameter System time Clock sync. mode Save report Change password Measurement data Binary input status Communication status Calculation parameter Specific protections .
Real-time information
Fault report Event report Binary input event
Report query
Precision calibration
Output transmission
Operation record Manual calibration Automatic calibration
Debugging tool
Software parameter Help information
Device description
Figure 6-3. Tree type menu structure -21-
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6.6 Functions and Menu

6.6.1 Real-time Information This part of menu is mainly used to display some real-time refreshed measured values and status values, including secondary sampling measured value, binary input status, communication status of the communication ports and the calculated rated current, etc. 1Secondary measured value This menu allows real-time display of many measured values and calculated values. It allows display of this side phase voltage UA, UB, UC , line voltage UAB, UBC, UCA , zero sequence voltage own 3U0 , negative sequence voltageU2, each side currentIa, Ib, Ic, and angle of the analog values of the loops. 2Binary input status The binary input status allows real-time display status of all inputs of the device. 3Communication status The communication status allows real-time display of the current communication status of the communication channels of the device. 4Calculation parameter The calculation parameter allows display of rated current values on each side of the transformer, and identify whether the set of rated current is valid. 6.6.2 System Parameter This menu is mainly used to display and change some parameters of the system. Differential type: set two-side or three-side differential according to the type of the protected transformer. Protection configuration: to configure the protection functions to be used, open and close the protection modules. The closed protection function will not be seen in the value menu. TATV parameter: mainly used to set parameters for the protected transformer, each side TATV rated values and wiring method, etc. This parameter should match with the actual parameter. Binary input parameter: to configure the binary input filtering time. Communication parameter: to set the parameters required by the communication methods provided by the device, such as device address, RS485 baud rate, and EtherNet parameters. System time: to display time and local clock synchronization. Clock synchronization mode: to select the clock synchronization mode for the device. Save report: to set whether to save the fault report and record the fault wave. Change password: to change the user password. 6.6.3 Protection Setting This menu allows viewing, change, copy of the settings, and switching of valid value sets, etc. 6.6.4 Fault Report This menu allows viewing of 10 complete fault records, accurate display of related analog values during the whole process for the protection from start, occurrence and elimination, which facilitates quick reference and analysis after an event. 6.6.5 Event Report Event report mainly covers the following: Device self-checking information, process record for the protection action or alarm, etc. Totally 1,000 event reports can be recorded, in which the 000th is the latest information, and the 001st is the next latest information, and so on. As there is a lot of event information, the report can be accessed directly by entering the serial number of the event report. -22-
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6.6.6 Binary Input Event The binary input event records specific information of binary input change in each loop according to the time order, which can record maximum 256 position change information, in which the 000th is the latest information, and the 001st is the next latest information, and so on. 6.6.7 Operation Record The operation record mainly records the operations on the device through various ways (including main unit, maintenance port and buttons), such as change of setting or system parameter, output transmission, etc. It totally can record 256 operation records, in which the 000th is the latest record, and the 001st is the next latest record, and so on. 6.6.8 Debugging Tool The testing function mainly includes output transmission, manual calibration and automatic calibration. Output transmission: this menu is used to test the integrity of each exit loop, and also can be used to operate the switch locally with buttons. Attention: this test may directly operate the switch, please operate with care. Make sure the corresponding switch is in the test position or not in the running state before operation! Manual calibration: the device has been strictly tested and calibrated in the shop, so that calibration is not encouraged in the field, including manual calibration and automatic calibration. However, if anomaly has occurred, for example, separate change of CPU or TATV boards, calibration can be done. Manual calibration allows calibration of a specific analog channel. Automatic calibration: is divided into voltage automatic calibration and each side current automatic calibration. It is required that rated analog value should be added on the voltage channel or each current channel before calibration. 6.6.9 Help Information Software parameter: use can access the software parameters to know the authentic device model number and version of software, including DSP version number and MMI version number and the respective check code, so as to ensure unity and identity of the device. This parameter must be provided when the device is under maintenance or purchase of spare parts. Device description: is the brief description of the device.
6.7 Operation Instructions

6.7.1 Menu Structure, Guide Path and General Operation Instructions When the device is energized, during normal operation, the LCD screen will display the main interface or the menu for measured values. In the main interface, press Enter button to enter the main menu.
Cursor
Main Menu ****************

01. Real-time information 02. System parameter 03. Protection setting 04. Binary input event 05. Event report 06. Fault report 07. Operation record 08. Test function 09. Help information
Title
Menu
The relationship between various menu levels refer to Figure 18 Menu Tree Type Structure. For operation, press and buttons to move the cursor up and down to highlight the submenu to be entered, press Enter button to enter the corresponding submenu, press Cancel button to return to the previous menu level; the -23-
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and buttons are used to change the parameters or settings; to change the parameters, the password must be entered. Setting
Highlight cursor
Differential Protection ========== Ratio Differential Current State Ratio Differential Current Pick-up Value 0.20 Ie Ratio Differential Current Strating Slope K1 0.30 Ratio Differential Current Max Strating Slope K2 0.60 K1 Base point 1.00 K2 Base point 4.00
Setting content
6.7.2 Viewing and Change of Setting or Parameter Viewing: press the and buttons to move the cursor to select different function settings, highlight the corresponding menu and press the Enter button to enter. Then you will see the corresponding contents. If a sign appears in the lower right corner of the screen, it means there is a next screen of settings. Use the button to move the cursor to the last line and go to the next screen. You can also press the Enter button to quickly switch between the screens. Similarly, if a sign appears in the upper left corner of the screen, it means there is a previous screen of settings. Use the and buttons to move the cursor to the top line and return to the previous screen. You can also press the Cancel button to quickly switch between the screens. Change: when the corresponding menu or setting contents are highlighted, if you wish to change the setting or parameter, press the button or the button. If you do not have the authorization to change the setting of the current function, the device will prompt to enter the password. Only by entering the correct password can you change the displayed settings. The authorization is valid only in the current setting module. During change of the setting or parameter, the system will perform dynamic boundary checking, once the changed value exceeds the range, the system will keep the original value unchanged, for range of settings, see Setting List. After the setting or parameter is changed, you may highlight the save and exit and press the Enter button to exit, then enter the password, and after the correct password is entered, press the Enter button, and the system will save all parameters or settings before return to the main menu interface. You may also press the Cancel button to return to the main menu, if the parameter is changed, the system will automatically prompt save the change, use the Enter button to confirm the saving, if you do not wish to save, press the Cancel button to return to the previous level of menu. 6.7.3 Measuring Value Measuring value has multiple screens of information, use the and buttons to browse the screens. The displayed information is updated every one second. To easily view the measuring value, in the main interface, use the button to directly go to the measuring value interface. Press the Cancel button to return to the main menu interface.
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= ====== 000 2005-11-15 13:23:32.234 Phase A differential pick-up Cancel 001 2005-11-15 13:23:31.234 Phase A ratio differential action Occur 002 2005-11-15 13:23:31.234 Phase A differential pick-up Occur
6.7.4 View Report Enter the corresponding report interface, the binary input change information, the recorded event information and operation record information will be displayed in the time order. Use the and buttons to browse all information in the screens. 6.7.5 Calibration Factor Before the calibration factor, the precision signal source must be connected to the device according to the requirement, press the Enter button to enter the correct password, and then the system will automatically calibrate the factor. This function is mainly used in the in-shop debugging, and shall not be used in the field. 6.7.6 Change Password Change password: the default password is 6 s. When the password is changed, the new password must also be 6-button password, and the Reset, Cancel and Enter buttons can not be used in the password. If the password is changed successfully, the new word will come into effect, and when it prompts to enter the password, the new password must be entered. 6.7.7 Enter Password When operation authorization is required, the system will prompt to enter the password. Take the example of saving system parameter: When it is confirmed to save the system parameter, the system will ask to enter the password. After entering the password, press the Enter button. If the password is correct, the device will automatically return to the previous menu level, i.e., the main menu; if the password is wrong, the system will prompt wrong password. Press the Enter button to continue entering the password, till the wrong password is entered for three times. After the wrong password is entered for three times, the system will prompt number of wrong password entered overlimit, then only the Enter button or Cancel button can be pressed to quit the operation. When entering the password, press the Cancel button to quit. 6.7.8 Operation Failure Prompts When saving the system parameter or setting, if the system prompts operation has failed, press the Enter button to return to the previous menu to view the report, analyze the cause of failure, and proceed with the next operation according to the contents of the event report. 6.7.9 Output Transmission In the Test Function menu, enter the Output Transmission screen, use the and buttons to select -25-
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the exit loop. After entering the correct password, the system will ask to Confirm Transmission, press the Enter button to realize the transmission, and press the Cancel button to quit the transmission of the current exit. After confirming the transmission, the corresponding exit relay will act for short-time, and then automatically returns. Note: this test may directly operate the switch, please operate with care. 6.7.10 Automatic Popout of Event Report Interface by Protection Action During operation of the device, if a new event (protection action event, etc.) has happened, the device will automatically light the LCD, and display the latest three events on the LCD screen. At this time, manual confirmation is required to return to the main interface screen, i.e., to view the information and press the Cancel button continuously to return.
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7 Debugging Guideline
7.1 Debugging Precautions
Read through this debugging guideline and related instructions before testing. Pullout/insertion of device modules should be minimized. Do not touch the module circuits or chips. Do not pull out/insert the modules when energized. The electric iron or oscilloscope used must be reliably earthed to the panel cabinet. Before testing, check the panel cabinet and the device against any visible damage or loosening of screws during transportation, particularly the screws and connecting pieces for TA loops. Any loosening is not allowed. Check the program version number and check code.
7.2 Check before Energizing the Device

Visual and wiring inspection: Mainly check the appearance of the protection device against any damage, and check the nameplate parameters, marking and wiring against the design drawings. And check the workmanship of the device, and check the terminal against any loosening. Check rated parameters of the power supply plug-in modules and AC plug-in modules, the trip current and switch-off current of the relay plug-in module against the actual requirements of the system. Hardware jumper check: Configure and check the hardware according to the setting requirements.
7.3 Insulation Check

Connect the terminals of the device in parallel (insulation test for communication terminal is not necessary), and use 500V megameter to measure the insulation to the earth for the plug-ins, and the insulation resistance should be larger than 20M.
7.4 Energizing Check

Energizing preliminary check is to check whether all the components are working normally after energizing, which mainly include the energizing self-check of the device, check of keyboard function, software version and program check code and the setting and checking of the clock. Enter the value sets according to the value list to the corresponding setting area, and switch to operate the setting area.
7.5 Sampling Accuracy Check

Enter the Measuring Value submenu in the System Setting, and on the protection panel end, add the rated voltage and current, and the sampled value on the LCD screen should be equal to the actually added value, and the error should be less than the related requirement.
7.6 Switch Signal Input Check

Enter theInput Statussubmenu, and on the switch signal input end of the device, add the excitation signal respectively, and check the conduction of the input loops, the input status displayed on the LCD screen should have corresponding change.
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7.7 Relay Contact Test

The relay contact test can also be done through the Output Transmission menu of the protection. Each loop of exit relay can be operated. For operation method refer to the description of operation menu. For testing of trip exit, closing loop, a closing transmission and a trip transmission should be done with the simulated circuit breaker to confirm the action of the circuit breaker.
7.8 Setting Test

The protection functions and action logic of the device have gone through multiple dynamic simulation test, type test and other tests. The field testing only needs to check the settings.
7.9 Protection Function Test Items

See Test Report for NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Device.
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8 Device Operation
8.1 Normal Operation Status of Device
During normal operation of the device, the Run lamp should be on / off alternatively, and other indication lamps should be off. In the event of interruption in the communication between the administration CPU and the protection CPU, or error discovered during self-checking of the device, the Abnormal lamp should be on. In the event of TV fault, TA fault, 2nd harmonic blocking action, the Alarm lamp should be on. When the protection returns to normal, press the Reset button to rest all trip indication lamps.
8.2 Installation Precautions

a) b) c) The protection cabinet must be reliably earthed. Earthing copper terminal is provided inside the cabinet, which should be reliably connected to the earthing net of the power station. When possible, use shielded cable, with the shielding layer earthed at the switch room and control room. The current wire of each phase and its neutral wire should be in the same cable. Secondary loop of the current transformer is earthed only in the protection cabinet.
8.3 Device Information Meaning and Trouble-shooting

Table 1. Meaning of General Alarm Information No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Information Device failure Device reset Memory self-check error Setting self-check error Communication fault Control loop fault TV fault TA1 fault TA2 fault TA3 fault Circuit breaker position does not match with the status of the unit Check sampling value and secondary loop wiring; The TV, TA loop is abnormal or determine whether it is due to secondary loop reason sampling loop is abnormal or hardware reason. Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Table 2. Meaning of Protection Alarm Information No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Information RAM chip is damaged Contents in setting area are damaged Meaning Power supply failure Trouble-shooting Check wiring between man-machine panel and CPU, check whether CPU is updating the program. If can not be solved, inform the manufacturer. Inform the manufacturer. Inform the manufacturer. Check wiring between CPU and MMI, check whether MMI is updating the program. If can not be solved, inform the manufacturer. Remark
Id>Blk.by TA Fault Id>Blk.by 2 Har TA1 Saturation TA2 Saturation TA3 Saturation O.L.Stage 1 Alarm O.L.Stage 2 Alarm
Meaning Alarm element action Alarm element action Alarm element action Alarm element action Alarm element action Alarm element action Alarm element action
Trouble-shooting Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements
Remark
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Table 3. Meaning of Protection Action Information
No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Information
Id>>trip by IA Id>>trip by IB Id>>trip by IC Id>trip by IA Id>trip by IB Id>trip by IC Id>Pickup by IA Id>Pickup by IB Id>Pickup by IC U</U2>Blk I>>trip U</U2>Blk I>trip 3Uo>>Trip 3Uo>Trip
Meaning Protection element action Protection element action Protection element action Protection element action Protection element action Protection element action Protection element action Protection element action Protection element action Protection element action Protection element action Protection element action Protection element action
Trouble-shooting Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements Handle according to operation requirements
Remark
8.4 Example of Fault Information

Complete protection action information includes the following contents: a) Fault report, which records the sequence record of the protection action process. Each record (fault briefing) includes action information, action time and values of the related electric quantities. Following is an example of the record. During actual action, a complete fault report includes a number of records: 2006-10-18 11:47:12.307 Phase A differential pick-up occur Differential current and restraint current after pick-up Ida=0.49 Ie Idb=0.23 Ie Idc=0.26 Ie Ira=1.83 Ie Irb=0.73 Ie Irc=1.20 Ie b) Fault record wave form compatible with COMTRADE. The device can store maximum 6 times of fault wave recording data, each wave recording uses continuous recording method, and each cycle records 16 points, maximum 4 seconds. The record wave form includes the whole process from the 2 cycles before proteciton pick-up, protection pick-up till trip, and it also includes the 40ms wave after the action returns. Example of wave curve for each channel is shown in Figure 8-1.
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Trigger 2006-10-18 15:28:41.567
Ua/V
0.0 0 -100 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
t/s
Ub/V
50 0 -50 -100 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
t/s
Uc/V
50 0 -50 -100 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
t/s
3U0/V
2.5 0.0 -2.5 -5.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
t/s
Ia1/A
50 0 -50 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
t/s
Ib1/A
50 0 -50 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
t/s
Ic1/A
2.5 0.0 -2.5 -5.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
t/s
Ia2/A
0 -10 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
t/s
Ib2/A
0 0.0 -10 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
t/s
Ic2/A
2 0 -2 -4 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
t/s
Ia3/A
5 0 -5 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
t/s
Ib3/A
0 -5 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
t/s
Ic3/A
2 0 -2 -4 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
t/s
A B A B A B TA3 TA2
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
t/s
Figure 8-1 Record wave form -31-
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9 Storage
Packed devices should be stored by the manufacturer and user at a temperature between -25~70, maximum relative humidity 80%, and the ambient air should be free of acidic or alkali or other corrosive or explosive gases, and measures should be taken against ingress of moisture.
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10 Ordering Instructions
To order, please indicate: a) Product model number, name and ordered quantity. b) Rated AC current, voltage and frequency. c) Rated DC voltage. d) Communication method. e) Requirements for special functions and specially requested spare parts. f) Address and time for delivery.
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Annex
Annex 1 NSP712V3.0 Information Table and Submitted Measurement
1 NSP712V3.0 submitted measurement, in order, includes: Ua, Ub, Uc, 3U0, U2, Uab, Ubc, Uca, F, I1a, I 1a ,I1b,
I 1b ,I1c, I 1c ,I2a, I 2 a ,I2b, I 2b ,I2c, I 2c ,I3a, I 3a ,I3b, I 3b ,I3c, I 3c ,Ida, Idb, Idc, Ira,
Irb, Irc. The values all have quality description bit, and are submitted according to the code value, in which , voltage 100V is corresponding to code value 1706, rated current value is corresponding to code value 1706, phase angel uses I1a as the zero degree reference angle, and 360 degree is corresponding to code value 2048, frequency 50Hz is corresponding to 1706, the differential current and restraint current are submitted using the actual values timed by 100. 2 Information table:
No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 FUN 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 194 INF 222 192 38 39 41 42 86 177 Description(2 occur /1 cancel)
Device alarm information Prot.set Chk EM Com.Abnormal TV Fault TA1 Fault TA2 Fault TA3 Fault GPS Signal Lost Fail Battery O.L.Stage 1 Alarm O.L.Stage 2 Alarm Id>Blk.by 2 Har Id>Blk.by TA Fault TA1 Saturation TA2 Saturation TA3 Saturation Id>>trip by IA Id>>trip by IB Id>>trip by IC Id>trip by IA Id>trip by IB Id>trip by IC Id>Pickup by IA Id>Pickup by IB Id>Pickup by IC U</U2>Blk I>>trip Side1 U</U2>Blk I>trip Side1 U</U2>Blk I>>trip Side2 U</U2>Blk I>trip Side2 3Uo>>Trip 3Uo>Trip
Protection alarm information

150 157 145 146 147 148 149
Protection action information

61 63 64 62 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 109 110
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NSPS
Annex 2 NSP712V3.0 Transformer Differential Protection Device Setting Calculation

1 Transformer Differential Protection 1.1 Transformer Steady State Ratio Differential (1) Current Reduction of Device NSP712 differential protection action is based on the secondary rated current of the protected object. Normally, load current on each side of the transformer is value of the same percentage, at the rated load, the current of the HV and LV sides is 1, or 100%. In this way, the analysis will be easy, no need to consider complicated calculations such as the vector fitting and TA transformation ratio. This is also a calculation method which is called per unit value in the analysis of electric system. Based on the rated capacity, rated voltage and TA transformation ratio of the transformer, the PC protection automatically performs the conversion of current on each side. The formula for rated primary current on each side is:
I 1n =
Where
Sn 3U 1n
S n is the rated capacity of the transformer, and U 1n is the rated primary voltage on each side of the transformer.
The rated secondary current of the transformer is calculated from the rated primary current as follows:
I 2n =
Where
I 1n n LH
I 1n is the rated primary current on each side of the transformer, and
n LH is the TA transformation ratio on each side of the transformer.

(2) Vector Fitting in Per Unit Value Secondary of current transformer on each side of the transformer all uses Y connection, whose secondary current is directly connected to the device. Through setting of the transformer capacity, rated voltage and TA transformation ratio on each side of the transformer and the connection method, the device automatically performs phase adjustment for TA secondary current on each side of the transformer. The device uses > Y change to adjust the differential current balance. For example, for a Y/ 11 connection, the calibration method is as follows: For current on theside:
I *' a = ( I a I c ) / 3I *' b = ( I b I a ) / 3I *' c = ( I c I b ) / 3

Where,
I a , I b , I c are the per unit values of TA secondary current on theside, and

I *' a , I *' b , I *' c are per unit value of current of each phase after connection on theside.
(3) Setting of Differential Current Pick-up Value I d >
I d > is the minimum action current value for differential protection, which should be set according to the
maximum unbalanced current evading the normal rated capacity of the transformer, which is: -35-
NSPS
I d >= K rel ( K er + U + m) I 2 n
Where,
I 2 n is the rated secondary current of the transformer; K rel is the reliability coefficient, which normally takes 1.3~1.5; K er is the ratio error of the current transformer (take 0.032 for 10P type, and 0.012 for 5P type);
U is the error caused by voltage adjustment of the transformer, and m is the error caused by incomplete matching of transformation ratio of the current transformer, which
can take 0.05. In actual engineering setting calculation, I d > can take (0.2~0.5) I 2 n , and should actually measure the unbalanced current in the loop at the maximum load. For excitation transformer, as the forced excitation duration during work is long, and the difference between TA characteristics on both sides is big, and the unbalanced value of differential current is big, so, it is recommended that the differential pick-up value should be larger than 0.5 I 2 n . (4) Setting of Knee Current According to above analysis and the working principle of differential protection, the first knee current
Kb1 I n is normally set around the transformers rated current I n , which means Kb1 is around 1. The
second knee current Kb2 I n is normally set at 2~6 times of the rated current, which means Kb2 is between 2~6, this should be determined according to the TA saturation point in actual engineering. (5) Setting of Ratio Restraint Factor Ratio differential pick-up current strating slope:
K 1 = ( K cc K er K ap + U + m) K rel
Where,
K cc is the transformer common mode factor, take 1.0; K er is the transformer ratio error factor, for setting calculation take 0.1;
K ap is the periodical component factor, take 2;
K rel is the reliability coefficient, take 1.3~1.5;

U , m
is same as above; and
K 1 normally takes 0.10~0.30.

Ratio differential pick-up current maximum strating slope is:
K
2
rel 1
I unb
. max K . max
I d > K 1 ( Kb Kb 2 Kb 1
Kb 1 )
rel 2
For two-winding transformer:
I unb. max= ( K ap K er K cc + U + m) I k . max

For three-winding transformer (take the example of external short-circuit on LV side):
I unb. max = K ap K cc K er I k . max + U h I k .h. max + U m I k .m. max + m I I k . I . max + mII I k . II . max
Where
I unb. max is the maximum unbalanced current;

-36-
NSPS
is the periodical component factor, for current transformer of TP grade on both sides, take 1.0, for current transformer of P grade on both sides, take 1.5~2.0 (for all use of 5P or 10P type, TA take 2.0, do not use TPY and 5P or 10P type TA to form the longitudinal difference protection of transformer);
K ap
K er , U , m are same as above; U h , U m are relative error (relative to Un) caused by the voltage adjustment on the HV and MV side of
the transformer, take the maximum value (percent) away from the rated value in the voltage adjustment range;
mI , mII are the respective errors caused by incomplete matching of transformation ratio of the current
transformer (including the intermediate converter);
I k .h. max , I k .m. max are the respective periodical components (secondary value) of the current flowing through
the current transformer on the voltage adjustment side during calculation of external short-circuit on LV side;
I k .I . max , I k . II . max are the respective periodical components (secondary value) of the current flowing through
the current transformer on both sides not close to the fault point during calculation of external short-circuit on LV side;
I k . max is the secondary value of the transformers maximum external three-phase short-circuit current, if it
is less than 4 times of rated current, take 4 times of rated current,;
I unb . max
Id > , IK . max are per unit values (based on the rated current of the transformer);
K rel1 is the reliability coefficient, take 1.3~1.5; K rel 2 is the reliability coefficient considering TA saturation, take 2.0~3.0, and
K 2 is recommended to take 0.50.

For the ratio restraint characteristics set according to the above principles, in the event of metallic short-circuit in two phases of the transformers generator terminal, the differential protection sensitivity
sen coefficient should satisfy . (6) Setting of Harmonic Restraint Factor In the differential protection using 2nd harmonic to avoid accidental operation of excitation surge current, the 2nd harmonic restraint ratio means the ratio between the 2nd harmonic component and the first harmonic
component of the differential current. Normally, 2nd harmonic restraint ratio can be set to 15%~20% 1.2 Differential Instantaneous Trip Protection Differential current instantaneous trip is a supplementary part of ratio differential protection, normally based on the maximum charging current when evading the idle transformer. Normally take 6~8 times of the rated current. 2 Under Voltage or Over negative Sequence Voltage Block and Over Current Protection (1) Setting calculation of current relay Action current of the current relay should be set according to the evading of the transformers rated current, and the formula is as follows:
I set =
Where
K rel I 2n Kr
-37-
NSPS
K rel is the reliability coefficient, take 1.3~1.5; K r is the return coefficient, take 0.85~0.95; I 2 n is the secondary value of the transformers rated current.
Sensitivity factor of the current relay should be verified as follows:
) I k( .2min = I set
K sen
Where
) I k( 2 . min
is the minimum short-circuit current (secondary value) flowing through the protection in the event of
metallic short-circuit in two phases of the HV side busbar of the main transformer, requirement (2) LV element take the line voltage, tripping voltage
K sen 1.2
Ul set
Where
Ul set can be set according to the following formula. = 0.6U n
U n is the secondary value of the transformers rated voltage.

Sensitivity factor should be verified based on the short-circuit of three phases in the busbar on the HV side of the transformer:
K sen =
Where
Ul set ) X t I k(3 . max
) I k( 3 . max is the maximum short-circuit current (secondary value) in the event of metallic short-circuit of three
phases in the busbar on the HV side of the transformer;
Requirement . (3) Setting calculation for negative sequence voltage relay Negative sequence voltage relay should be set according to the evading of unbalanced voltage occurred during normal operation, normally take:
X t is the reactance of the main transformer, take X t = Z t . K sen 1.2
U 2.set = (0.06 0.08)U n

Where
U n is the secondary value of the rated voltage.

Sensitivity factor should be verified based on the short-circuit of two phases in the busbar on the HV side of the transformer:
K sen =
Where
U 2. min U 2.set
U 2. min is the minimum negative sequence voltage at the installed location of the protection in the event of
short-circuit of two phases in the busbar on the HV side of the transformer.
-38-
NSPS Requirement K sen 1.5 .
Annex 3 Terminal Layout
-39-
NSPS
Annex 4 Terminal Wiring Diagram

1 NSP712 Terminal Wiring Diagram
-40-
NSPS 2 NSP712A Terminal Wiring Diagram
-41-
NSPS
Annex 5 Opening Dimensions
Outline dimension sketch
244 6
Installation opening dimension sketch
-42-
NSPS
Annex 6 Ordering Number

Description of NSP712(V3.0)Series Device Model Number
NSP712(V3.0)
0
Additional information None:transformer threeside differential A: transformer four-side differential
Production information Communication method R: Single RS 485 network, twisted pair D: double RS 485 network, twisted pair S: single EtherNet, CAT 5 E: double EtherNet, CAT 5 T: triple EtherNet, CAT 5
Tele-pulse/clock synchronization method selection G: GPS 1PPM or IRIG-B input (24V) B: Differential input IRIG-B
Specification of zero sequence TV in threeside differential 1: rated value of zero sequence TV Un=100V
Specification of protection TA 1: same rated values on each side, In=1A 2: I side In= 1A, II side In= 1A, III side In= 5A 3: I side In= 1A, II side In= 5A, III side In= 1A 4: I side In= 1A, II side In= 5A, III side In= 5A 5: same rated values on each side, In=5A Power supply voltage 1: DC110V, 14 DC110V binary input 2: DC220V, 14 DC220V binary input
-43-

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NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

3.2 Power Consumption

3.3 Main Technical Figures

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

3.4 Insulation Performance

3.5 Electromagnetic Interference Resistance

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

3.6 Mechanical Performance

3.7 Ambient Conditions

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

4.2 Software Description

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

High-value ratio differential judgment

Return to main program

4.3 Differential Protection

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

I r Kb1Ie Kb1 Ie < I r Kb 2 Ie I r > Kb 2 Ie

I d 2 is the 2nd harmonic of A, B and C three-phase different current; I d 1 is the corresponding

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

I1 is the fundamental of a phase in a side;

I d > 1.2 I e + K 3 ( I r 1.6 I e )

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

I 2 0.25 Max{I a , I b, I c } + 0.01I e

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

Figure 4.6 NSP712 differential protection logic figure -11-

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

4.5 NSP712 Zero Sequence Voltage Protection

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

4.6 NSP712 Overload Alarm

Figure 4.9 NSP712 overload protection logic Figure

4.7 Device Alarm

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

5 NSP712 System Parameters and Setting List

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

* * * , Ib , Ic are per unit valve of TA secondary current of side 2; Ia

is the per unit value of calculated zero sequence current of side 2;

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

6 Use of Man-Machine Interface

Figure 6-1 Layout of device panel

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

6.3 Signal Lamp and LCD

6.4 Serial Interface

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

Figure 6-2. Connection between PC and Maintenance Port

6.5 Menu Structure

Differential type Protection configuration

Fault report Event report Binary input event

Operation record Manual calibration Automatic calibration

Software parameter Help information

Figure 6-3. Tree type menu structure -21-

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

6.6 Functions and Menu

NSP712 Transformer Differential Protection Technical Instruction

6.7 Operation Instructions

Main Menu ****************

I ' a = ( I a I c ) / 3I ' b = ( I b I a ) / 3I *' c = ( I c I b ) / 3