1.

Objectives:
To compere actual test results with theory and confirm Boyle's law.

2. Introduction & Theory:

Boyle's law (sometimes referred to as the BoyleMariotte law) states that the absolute pressure and volume of a given mass of confined gas are inversely proportional, if the temperature remains unchanged within a closed system. Thus, it states that the product of pressure and volume is a constant for a given mass of confined gas as long as the temperature is constant. The law was named after chemist and physicist Robert Boyle, who published the original law in 1662.

3. List of Apparatus:
1. Boyle's Law apparatus. 2. Hand pump.

Fig (1): Boyle's Law apparatus.

4. Procedure: a. Increasing pressure

1. Make sure the equipment is level, open the air vents at the top of each reservoir and check which the oil reaches the fill level mark on both vessel. 2. Create a table of results similar to table 1 and calculate the test cylinder's cross-section area from the diameter, alternatively, if you have the optional VADS start the software and select the TD1000 layout, then enter the diameter. 3. Note your local air pressure. 4. Connect the bicycle-style pump to one-way valve marked pressure. 5. Turn the two-way valve towards the pressure connection. 6. Connect the digital temperature display. 7. Shut both air vents. 8. Note the normal air temperature in the test cylinder. 9. Move the pointer of the digital indicator to the top of the test cylinder and zero it' display. 10. Now slide the pointer down to measure the distance to the tapped air. Remember to measure accurately to the bottom of tye meniscus. 11. Enter the value in the first line of your results table or use VDAS to record the data. 12. While watching the temperature, use the bicycle-style pump to slowly increase the pressure in the test cylinder to 0.2 bar (gauge). When the temperature return th the normal recheck the pressure and use the digital indicator to measure the new distance to the of the tapped air. Remember from the first experiment that the temperature may take several minutes to return to the normal. 13. Repeat in 0.2 bar steps until you reach 2.0 bar (gauge). 14. Slowly open the air vent of the reservoir to allow the pressure to return back to ambient. 15. Add your local pressure to the gauge pressure to get the absolute pressure and completes this column of your results tables.
2

16. Use your results to calculate the volume of the trapped air for each pressure, then calculate the inverse of the volume (1/volume) to complete your results tables. Refer to the theory section to find the volume calculation if necessary. 17.Calculate P*V (to get the constant K) and complete this column of your table. b. Decreasing pressure: 1. Create a results table, note your local pressure and add it to the gauge pressure to get absolute pressure. 2. From the first line of your results from procedure 1, use the value of K at atmospheric pressure (0 bar gauge) with equation 10 from the theory section to calculate the theoretical volume for each of the absolute pressure in table 2. 3. Repeat as in procedure 1, but use the vacuum pump and reduce the pressure in 0.1 steps.

5. Results:
Table (1): Increasing pressure
Pgauge (bar)
0.00 0.24 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60 1.80 2.00

Pabs. (bar)
1.00 1.24 1.40 1.60 1.80 2.00 2.20 2.40 2.60 2.80 3.00

H (mm)
110.30 89.52 78.61 68.38 60.04 54.08 48.06 43.89 39.77 36.84 33.92

V(mm3)
864124.16 701327.24 615854.94 535709.97 470371.84 423679.37 376516.84 343847.77 311570.42 288615.90 265739.72

V(L)
0.864124 0.701327 0.615855 0.535710 0.470372 0.423679 0.376517 0.343848 0.311570 0.288616 0.265740

1/V (L^-1)
1.157241 1.425868 1.623759 1.866682 2.125978 2.360275 2.655924 2.908264 3.209547 3.464813 3.763081

K= P*V
0.864124 0.869646 0.862197 0.857136 0.846669 0.847359 0.828337 0.825235 0.810083 0.808125 0.797219

Table (2): Decreasing Pressure

Trial 1 2 3 4 5

P gauge (bar)
0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4

P abs. (bar)
1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6

H (mm)
108.56 126.98 142.01 160.01 186.4

V (mm3)

V (L)

K= P*V

V Theo.

850492.5 0.850492 0.850492 994800.4 0.9948 0.89532 0.944992 1112550 1.11255 0.89004 1.11915 1253568 1.253568 0.877497 1.271486 1460315 1.460315 0.876189 1.462496

6. analysis:
Fig (2): P_V Relation
3.50 3.00 2.50

P abs.

2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

V(L)

Fig (3): P_(1/V) Relation

3.50 3.00 2.50

P abs.

2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

1/V

7. Conclusion:
The volume of a fixed mass of a given gas inversely proportional to its pressure at constant temperature.

8. References:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyle's_law (3rd Feb 2013)