definition of culture

- Example: house, car, clothes, food, technology

language - a way of life -term way of life practiced by a particular group and covers the social, organizational alignment, economics, politics, religion, beliefs, customs, attitudes and values.

non-material culture - Refers to something abstract, inherited from one generation to the next generation - Trust - Customs - The legal - Knowledge

cultural elements - Equipment - The economic system - Social system - Language - Art - Knowledge - Religion - Trust - System administration

a key element in every culture - Symbols or emblems: anything that has meaning or symbolize a cluster - Language: language is also categorized as a symbol and symbol of each cluster. members of the group can be verbal or nonverbal communication - Values and beliefs: general principles based on the belief held to be true or otherwise. value explains what to do, and explain what the true faith - Norm: a normal thing for a kelompak and eventually become a practice to be followed by all members - Technology: the use of the tools used in everyday life - Customs: rules pertaining to customary law - Mores: norms become an obligation for compliance

The main components of culture - Material culture - Non-material culture

material culture - Refers to the creation of a society that nyta and concrete as - Tools and equipment life - What is needed in life - Vary by race

cultural characteristics - Learned - Shared - Universal - Can be inherited - The changing - Has a symbolic element - Has a worldview - Passed down from generation to generation - Unity

- Race and ethnicity based on biological factors based on cultural factors

minority - Does not refer to the number of members but refers to the status and prestige of the group

community - A group that settled disesuatu area and communicate with each other where their life more organized and more organized

diversity group

The main characteristics of the community - Group - Cultured - Undergo changes - Interact

ethnic - Referring to the group of people who identify with each other based on ethnicity and cultural heritage of the same - Familiarity has a sense of belonging to the country of origin, food, language, music, religion, dress, customs and family name - Etniksiti refers to the sense of belonging of an ethnic group - Ethnocentrism is an attitude or belief that their own culture is better and the higher the value of other cultural groups

cluster - A group of people who have the same awareness of the membership of its members, often interacting and shaped by society - Two types of clusters i basic cluster ii secondary group

race - Is the similarity of the physical - Most notably its skin color to distinguish human groups basic cluster - Face to face interaction continues

- A strong personal identification with the group - The close relationship intimacy among members - The various forms of relationship - A more sustainable relationship

- Security: feel stronger, not ragu2, lebi against the barrier - Status: self can be considered critical if taking part in each cluster - Self-esteem: feeling appreciated by the members of the group - Afilisasi: to meet social needs, enjoy continuous interaction - Strength: the strength gained by working group members

secondary cluster - Face to face interaction is limited - Personal identification with the group is weak - The relationship between group members is weak - The relationship between members is tenuous and limited - Usually not lasting relationship

cluster - Two or more individuals interacting, interdependent and combined to achieve a particular goal

a) classification - Group work: together complete a task / work - Interest groups: individuals who work together to achieve specific targets observed - Friendship groups: the ditetapakan together for possessing one or more of the same

b. purpose

Topic 2 Race - Means that the same group of people similar origins and its properties - It can also be defined as another word for race unity and integration fusion National unity of the community and society so as to form an identity and shared values and feelings of love and pride homeland

acceptance of cultural elements among individuals or groups from a different culture segregation the division or separation between the ethnic groups with other ethnic groups amalgamation cultural or mixed race to form a new kind of culture and race (married cmpur) accommodation inter-ethnic reconciliation

integration a process of uniting the various groups through an identity to eliminate the difference of identity and community assimilation consolidation and mergers between different ethnic groups to form a cluster of culture with the same culture and identity - Cultural assimilation: the process by which a minority group to learn the local culture in everyday life - Structural assimilation: the process of minority groups successfully participating in major institutional fund social activities in the dominant society acculturation (use the same language in communicating) lending / borrowing of cultural elements

language - Is a tool for human cultural manifestation in touch - A tool to channel ideas - Language have symbols and symbolism to a cluster language function - General functions: as a communication tool and a tool for social integration and adaptation - Specific function: to engage in dayto-day interactions, create art, spreading knowledge

structure of society / social class Ethnic - refers to the group of people who mengidentifisikasikan each other based on ethnicity and cultural heritage in common. (Country of origin, food, language, music, religion, dress, family name)

sub-ethnic - Java, minang, bugis, train ethnicity - a sense of belonging of an ethnic group etnosenterisme - attitude or belief that their own culture is better than other cultural groups racism - the views, thoughts, negative beliefs a group against another group looking at the physical face differences biological or racial prejudices - negative view of other ethnic groups stereotype - a negative public statement against an ethnic group community - the community communicate with each other and depend on the existence of the joint

- Speaker: speaker state / province - People: the ruled

now - The government (the government) - The governed (the people)

customs custom is the norm norms are rules, of laws norms is the norm or customs regulations already practiced since generations until it should be observed or manner determined to do something that has been recognized by the community

community characteristics - Group - Have a culture - Often change - Interact with each other - Civic leadership - Regulatory social - Organizational Malay customs - Belly roll: practice for women who have completed seven months pregnant - Propose and get engaged: get to know the couple better before marriage - Death - late to a charity banquet held at the deceased's - Circumcision - for boys and girls to go through adolescence - Crest razor - razor crest newborns traditional - Sultan: highest hierarchical class - Noble: made up of the royal family custom Temenggong male inheritance

class society

Kelantan ment, silver, Pahang ban marriages between relatives Calculated by consanguinity dad parentage

- Means the account to be true about something - A person who have hope and belief in God, or something would DEFINITELY be accompanied by feelings

custom pepatih descent calculated by consanguinity mother place of residence is in the wife's mother women's inheritance seperut marriage and prohibited quarter religion ordinarily religion means belief in God, or something supernatural and magical powers like gods, and also the practices and institutions of trust Religion can be detected - Treatment: such as prayer, making meals, celebrations and ceremonies - Attitudes: such as respect, love or links to incredible power and pure and clean presumption against religion - Statement - such as spells, mantras, sacred phrases and prayer - Material things - what appears as a mosque, mosque, temple. Church

Chinese customs - Birth: Pregnant cared for by the mother-in-law, son-conscious, composed of 3 words name, family name, segenerasi name, personal name - Feast after birth: a special cake to relatives dijamukan - Razor crest - the recognition of a new person in their community gender - Man: working out - Women: work at home

anismisme belief in divine spirit emerged during the times of ancient times rice spirit ancient beliefs inherited from the days of animism, the belief that all things have a spirit of control practiced among rice-growing culture for generations increasingly eroded as a result of technological advancement and exposure of religious knowledge

men alleged - connecting generations women-owned only while parents and husband will be yours after marriage trust

Taboos guidance and advice to young to educate presented in a prudent

mantra is the mantra or exclamation The paced speaking poetry and magic elements intended to influence or control of an item to meet the desire of speakers is deemed to have extraordinary supernatural powers which allow readers to control human

Implications of socio-cultural diversity

ii rural and remote areas - an ethnic and less exposure - Styles of thinking and learning styles Auditory i> easy to learn through the process of listening visual ii> hear and see iii kenestetik> hands-on process iv depending on the background> help the environment v free background> does not require environmental vi impulsive> act without thinking vii reflective> act after thinking long - Gender i treatment of male and female ii the boy and girl

Student culture can be categorized into three i-pro school culture - Group of students who meet the regulations make a full ii - antibudaya school - Group of students who do not comply with the rules and cause problems to school iii - between school culture and youth culture - Cluster in the middle. Respect the school rules as well as meet the needs of self-

Implications for students - Language i local language, native language or dialect ii two or more languages is an advantage - Ethnic i less exposure of ethnic ii ethnically diverse lot of exposure - Social class i low social class problem ii high social class of problems - Settlement i City and City fringe - are more vulnerable to various ethnic Implications for teachers - Race not taught by group - Social class upper class, economic status - Trust do not touch the religious aspect - Language dialect of the language gap - Gender different treatment between the sexes

Implications for school - Race national school, china and india - Social class rural and urban schools - Trust religious schools - Language official language used - Gender school boys and school girls

- Ongoing assessment and evaluation

implications of the hidden curriculum - Race embed cultural values - Social class intercommunion culture - Trust equal justice between religion - Gender mixing limitations

Ministry integrate the five elements of cultural diversity in kukurikulum - Student-centered pedagogy - Multicultural curriculum - The use of culture-based teaching resources - School and classroom climate that supports culture