Discovery Discussion Debate

Arms Control
Who should control the nuclear arsenals? Are smaller nuclear arms a better deterrent? Discover the idea. Discuss and form your opinions. Challenge your opinions through debate. Dr. Paul R. Friesen

Discovery Discussion Debate

Title:

Arms control
The search for a nuclear legacy

Discover Ideas
(Outline)

Discuss the Story

(3 Question Levels)
Create Opinions

Nuclear Weapons
Design Dr. Paul R. Friesen 2013 Original Story copyright of original author Graphic organizers from MS Office templates Page 1 of 15

Discovery Discussion Debate Before you start

Look through the idea, front to back. The ideas in red are just ideas. Students should add to these. There is an outline page for Discovery. There are graphic organizer pages for the Discussion and Debate sections. The reason for the worksheets, at the end of the book, is to help you work systematically through the material. Worksheets are helpers and can be a distraction from the rhythm and sequence in your teaching. By putting them at the end they become support pages versus places to stop, giving a smoother presentation.

Discovery
In the beginning of each story you will have a few questions to discover what you know, or think you know about a story. The Title of the article/ story will be given and you will be asked to discover the story by asking good questions. In the second part of discovery you will be asked to find words which you do not know. Some of these may be highlighted already in bold. Definitions will follow to help you discover what the writer is talking about. Discovery will help you form a plan for the discussion and debate.

Discussion
Discussion is not a debate, though it can quickly become one if there are strong opposing ideas in the group. Discussion can be a part of the discovery before you read the story. It may also come after to discuss the ideas of the story. Sometimes a persons views may change after reading the article, which is a good way to start a discussion. Discussion is interaction without a lot of structure. Be careful not to confuse discussion with argument. Debate is about argument. Discussion is about sharing your views and interacting with others who want to expand or give a differing viewpoint.

Debate
Debate is a structured idea. It means that only one person speaks in turn, and with a specific point to address. It also has a time limit, so the speaker must be precise in their argument. In a debate the key is to listen and be prepared to oppose the other teams ideas. It takes research, a lot of work, and patience. In the following story we want to begin with discovery ideas. What can you know from a title, if you dont know about the topic?

Design Dr. Paul R. Friesen 2013 Original Story copyright of original author Graphic organizers from MS Office templates

Page 2 of 15

Discovery Discussion Debate

In discovery you will form ideas to create basics ideas for an outline. In discussion you will ask questions to help you build an outline for your viewpoint. In debate you will separate the outline into two sections, for and against. At each stage you will be able to use what you have learned before, to expand on your ideas and understand both sides of the issue.

Design Dr. Paul R. Friesen 2013 Original Story copyright of original author Graphic organizers from MS Office templates

Page 3 of 15

Discovery Discussion Debate

Discovery
Title: Arms

control

The search for a nuclear legacy

What can you know from the title? . . . . . ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________

What do I know about this topic? . __________________________________________ . __________________________________________ . __________________________________________ . __________________________________________ What would make a better deterrent? . __________________________________________ . __________________________________________ . __________________________________________ . __________________________________________ What do you think is a way to control the arms race? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________
Design Dr. Paul R. Friesen 2013 Original Story copyright of original author Graphic organizers from MS Office templates Page 4 of 15

Discovery Discussion Debate

Now read the story. . Create an outline of the story / paragraphs. . There is a list of words on the side for you to find. . After you have found the words, look in the definitions, which follow the story. . Discover the words you dont know.

Nuclear Weapons

Arms control
The search for a nuclear legacy
http://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2013/02/arms-control/print Feb 20th 2013, 18:38 by The Economist

FIRST there was the open mic incident last March, when Barack Obama assured his Russian opposite number, Dmitry Medvedev, that after his election he would have flexibility on the subject of missile defence. Then came the briefest of sentences, in his state-of-the-union address, February 12th, on the need to engage Russia in further reductions to both sides nuclear arsenals. Together they give a clue to what could become a lasting legacy of Mr. Obamas two terms in office: a serious attempt to realise the commitment he made in Prague four years ago, when he promised to take concrete steps towards a world without nuclear weapons. Those for whom the Prague speech was a rallying call, have found Mr. Obama, so far, a bit of a disappointment. True enough, he succeeded in getting the Senate to ratify the important but relatively unambitious New START strategic arms-reduction treaty with Russia, in 2010. The treaty restored on-site inspections while limiting the number of deployed strategic nuclear warheads on each side to about 1,550, by 2018 a figure that Russia is already slightly below and which America, with 1,720, is close to achieving ahead of time. It deals neither with non-deployed strategic warheads (America is reckoned to have 2,800 and Russia 1,000) nor tactical warheads (America has around 500 and Russia more than 2,000) stockpiled by both sides. Not much has happened since. After the quadrennial Nuclear Posture Review in 2010, which narrowed the declared role of nuclear weapons in American strategy, the administration has dragged its feet over explaining how it would put it into practice. In 2011 it launched what was meant to be a 90-day implementation study (NPRIS) that would determine how many weapons and of which types America would need to deter attack on itself and its allies in the light of the changed relationship with Russia since the end of the cold war. But when the NPRIS subsequently leaked, it was temporarily shelved to prevent it becoming a stick for Republicans to beat Mr. Obama with during his re-election campaign.

Design Dr. Paul R. Friesen 2013 Original Story copyright of original author Graphic organizers from MS Office templates

Page 5 of 15

Discovery Discussion Debate

According to Daryl Kimball, of the Washington-based Arms Control Association, the NPRIS will be discussed at Mr Obamas first post-election security Cabinet meeting next month. The president is wary of trying to get another treaty through the Senate, so he is contemplating both accelerating the New START reductions and, if agreement can be secured with Russia, moving below the ceiling, perhaps to 1,000 warheadsa figure that the Joint Chiefs of Staff have recently agreed would not put deterrence at any risk. Tom Donilon, the White House national security adviser, is due to go to Moscow later this month to discuss the proposal. To smooth the rough patches in the present relationship, Mr Donilon may offer to delay the development of new high-speed interceptors in the fourth phase of the European ballistic-missile defence system due for deployment in 2021. Mr Obama is also believed to be keen to de-alert his nuclear forces from the hair-trigger, launch-on-warning doctrine that still endures something he could do with a stroke of the pen. Bruce Blair, co-founder of the Global Zero movement which campaigns for reducing and eventually eliminating nuclear weapons, believes that Mr Obama could set in train a process that would in time also lead to big cuts in the stockpiles of nonstrategic and non-deployed nukes. Neither has any military usefulness, but nobody pretends getting there would be easy, particularly as tactical weapons remain more important to Russiawith its comparatively weak conventional forcesthan to America. But the prize for reducing stockpiles would be the chance to draw other nuclear states with much smaller arsenals, such as China, into a multilateral negotiation. That holy grail, as Mr Blair calls it, will not be reached, if ever, until well after Mr Obama has left office. If he could claim at least to have started the quest, it might be just the legacy he yearns for.

Vocabulary Check
Find the colored words. Write a definition you can discover from the story if possible. __________ 1. ______________________________________________________ __________ 2. ______________________________________________________ __________ 3. ______________________________________________________ __________ 4. ______________________________________________________ __________ 5. ______________________________________________________ __________ 6. ______________________________________________________ __________ 7. ______________________________________________________ __________ 8. ______________________________________________________
Design Dr. Paul R. Friesen 2013 Original Story copyright of original author Graphic organizers from MS Office templates Page 6 of 15

Discovery Discussion Debate

__________ 9. ______________________________________________________ ___________ 10. ______________________________________________________ __________ 11. ______________________________________________________ __________ 12. ______________________________________________________ __________ 13. ______________________________________________________ __________ 14. ______________________________________________________ __________ 15. ______________________________________________________ __________ 16. ______________________________________________________ __________ 17. ______________________________________________________ __________ 18. ______________________________________________________ __________ 19. ______________________________________________________ __________ 20. ______________________________________________________ __________ 21. ______________________________________________________

Discovery
What do I know about this topic?
List at least four (4) different ideas you have found in this story.

. __________________________________________ . __________________________________________ . __________________________________________ . __________________________________________

Use them when you make your outline.

Design Dr. Paul R. Friesen 2013 Original Story copyright of original author Graphic organizers from MS Office templates

Page 7 of 15

Discovery Discussion Debate

Discussion
Level I . Who should control nuclear arms? Explain. . How many nuclear weapons are enough? . Should there be a group of countries that control all the nuclear weapons, or just USA and Russia? Level II . What are some good reasons to negotiate a lower level of nuclear arms? . If only the super powers had nuclear weapons would you feel safe? . Are you happy with the status of nuclear weapons in the world? Explain. . Should your country spend money developing a nuclear arsenal strategy? Explain. Level III . Do you think smaller nuclear weapons are a better deterrent? . What role does your country have in nuclear arms control? . Would you like your country to be more involved in nuclear arms control globally? You now have everything you need to fill out your outline. Look at your answers, under Discussion, and fill it out to reflect the new ideas. These new ideas will help you form your debate ideas better.

Design Dr. Paul R. Friesen 2013 Original Story copyright of original author Graphic organizers from MS Office templates

Page 8 of 15

Discovery Discussion Debate

In debate you will have a statement not a question. You have to react to the statement with facts, not opinions. Discussions are based a lot on opinions and answer questions. This is where these two ideas, though similar, are different. Debate is about facts and statements. When you make a statement, from a story, you must consider what the core issue is. If you have made a good outline, you will have this already discovered. This story is from ________. The core issue could be; (one word) __________ __________ __________ __________ In todays world the topics could range from; __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________

These are all good argument that you would want to research for your argument, or write in your essay. Build the argument starting from Why? Once you have determined the Why? you can find facts to support your idea.

All countries should be involved in nuclear arms control. Equality is less threatening. Nuclear weapons should be smaller so their effects are more controllable. Nuclear weapons are always too dangerous, and should never be used. We should get rid of them. Before you start choose one of the above statements to focus on. Choose a for or against position. Research to find FACTS for your position. List the facts.
Design Dr. Paul R. Friesen 2013 Original Story copyright of original author Graphic organizers from MS Office templates Page 9 of 15

Discovery Discussion Debate

Write out your argument in a long paragraph format. Include the opposite position in your writing.

You need to write out both sides so you can understand the
other sides argument.

Discovery Outline
Main topic ________________________ Find one (1) key idea in each paragraph. (3-5 words) Paragraph 1 ______________________________ Paragraph 2 ______________________________ Paragraph 3 ______________________________ Paragraph 4 ______________________________ Paragraph 5 ______________________________ Write two things about the main paragraph idea. Paragraph 1 ______________________________ A. ______________________________ B. ______________________________ Paragraph 2 ______________________________ A. ______________________________ B. ______________________________ Paragraph 3 ______________________________ A. ______________________________ B. ______________________________ Paragraph 4 ______________________________ A. ______________________________ B. ______________________________ Paragraph 5 ______________________________ A. ______________________________ B. ______________________________ In the introduction you use the 5 paragraph ideas to communicate the order of your argument/ essay. In the conclusion you repeat what you have said about the points of each paragraph.
Design Dr. Paul R. Friesen 2013 Original Story copyright of original author Graphic organizers from MS Office templates Page 10 of 15

Discovery Discussion Debate

Graphic Organization ~ Main topic = 5 Paragraph Topics

paragraph 1 ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ paragraph 5 ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ paragraph 2 ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

Main topic

paragraph 4 ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

paragraph 3 ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

Design Dr. Paul R. Friesen 2013 Original Story copyright of original author Graphic organizers from MS Office templates

Page 11 of 15

Discovery Discussion Debate

Discussion Graphic ~ Is this a problem / becoming a problem in todays society? Answer ~ I think nuclear weapons are (a / becoming a) problem because

Problem / Arms Control

Nuclear weapons should controlled by USA and RUSSIA only.

Smaller nuclear weapons are better, because you can control the effects better.

We should focus on controlling war in the world, and not just nuclear arms.

Respond

Respond

Respond

Respond

Respond

Respond

Design Dr. Paul R. Friesen 2013 Original Story copyright of original author Graphic organizers from MS Office templates

Page 12 of 15

Discovery Discussion Debate

graphic ~ choose one statement from the above. Write it here _____________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ To make your argument you should understand that they are connected. In the next two charts (1) list your argument facts and ideas, (2) show how your argument connects to both the center point and the other points. list

Facts
For 1 Against

Add more if needed

Design Dr. Paul R. Friesen 2013 Original Story copyright of original author Graphic organizers from MS Office templates Page 13 of 15

Discovery Discussion Debate

graphic ~ choose one statement from the above. list

If this -- then

If this -- then

Write your statement position here. ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ______________________________

If this -- then

If this -- then

If this -- then

Now start the

As a team choose which points they will speak about. Each person will listen for the opposite point and create a new response to what the other person has said. A: point 1 B: responds to the point and give a new point. C: responds to B and give a new point. After all persons have spoken each person can respond to any point given by the opposite team, or add more points from their team which will need responding to from the opposite team.

Design Dr. Paul R. Friesen 2013 Original Story copyright of original author Graphic organizers from MS Office templates

Page 14 of 15

Discovery Discussion Debate

Dear Teacher/ Student, After you have finished this please look for more in this series to challenge yourself. This is only part of a curriculum. It starts with Dr. Roys Everything Grammar. Dr. Roys Everything Grammar Volumes I and II will develop the skills of story and essay writing, while at the same time building a foundation in grammar. The repetition of grammar, combined with reason and speaking, culminating in a story or essay will prepare students for this series. Going beyond this book is a book to expand the outlines into essays. Good essays are able to build and defend an argument. Building a structure for debate will springboard off this skill set.

Dr. Paul R. Friesen

Design Dr. Paul R. Friesen 2013 Original Story copyright of original author Graphic organizers from MS Office templates

Page 15 of 15