Homework # 8

Chapter 9 Kittel Phys 175A Dr. Ray Kwok SJSU

Prob. 1 Brillouin zones of rectangular lattice

Daniel Wolpert

9.1 Brillouin zones of rectangular lattice. Make a plot of the first two Brillouin zones of a primitive rectangular two-dimensional lattice with axes a, b=3a 2/a 2/3a

9.1 Brillouin zones of rectangular lattice. Make a plot of the first two Brillouin zones of a primitive rectangular two-dimensional lattice with axes a, b=3a

9.1 Brillouin zones of rectangular lattice. Make a plot of the first two Brillouin zones of a primitive rectangular two-dimensional lattice with axes a, b=3a 2/a 2/3a
2nd BZ First BZ

Prob. 2 Brillouin zone,rectangular lattice

Gregory Kaminsky

This is a Wigner-Seitz cell.

A two-dimensional metal has one atom of valency one in a simple rectangular primitive cell a = 2 A0 ; b = 4 A0.

a) Draw the first Brillouin zone. Give its dimensions in cm-1. b) Calculate the radius of the free electron fermi sphere. c) Draw this sphere to scale ona drawing of the first Brillouin zone.

Calculation of the radius of the Fermi sphere

2 2 * * kF

2 * kF 2* 2 = N 2

4 * 0 2 4*2*(A )
2

=1

kF = 2 * A0 =

* 1012 cm 1

Brilloin zone Radius of free electron fermi sphere =

*1012 cm 1

* 1012 cm 1

Make another sketch to show the first few periods of the free electron band in the periodic zone scheme, for both the first and second energy bands. Assume there is a small energy gap at the zone boundary.

This is the first energy band

Second energy band

Prob. 4 Brillouin Zones of Two-Dimensional Divalent Metal

Victor Chikhani
A two dimensional metal in the form of a square lattice has two conduction electrons per atom. In the almost free electron approximation, sketch carefully the electron and hole energy surfaces. For the electrons choose a zone scheme such that the Fermi surface is shown as closed.

Hole Energy surface

Electron Energy Surface

BZ periodic scheme

Second Zone periodic scheme

Prob. 5 Open Orbits

John Anzaldo

An open orbit in a monovalent tetragonal metal connects opposite faces of the boundary of a Brillouin zone. The faces are separated by
G = 2 108 cm 1.

A magnetic field B = 10 1T

is normal to the place of the open orbit. (a) What is the order of magnitude of the period of thek motion in
8 Take v = 10 cm / s

space?

(b) Describe in real space the motion

of an electron on this orbit in the presence of the magnetic field.

9.5
From Eq. 25a we have , where I have decided to use SI units. v v v G d r q = e dt = h = ev B Letting we get = v , setting dk = G dt because v B since B is normal to the Fermi surface. Solving for gives Gh = . Plugging in the givens we evB get
v v dk dr v h = q B dt dt

2 2 108 100cm 34 kg m 6.62 10 Gh cm m s = = 1.315 10 10 s evB 2 1.602 10 19 C 108 cm 1m 10 1 kg s 100cm Cs

Part b)
The electron will travel along the Fermi surface as shown. The velocity will change as the electron moves along the Fermi surface.

Mike Tuffley 5/12/09

U(x)

-a/2

a/2 x

-U0

Chapter 9 Problem 7

Adam Gray

1 (a) Calculate the period ( B ) expected for

potassium on the free electron model. (b) What is the area in real space of the extremal orbit, for B = 10kG = 1T ?

Starting with equation 34:

1 2e ( ) = B hcS

Where

S = K

2 f

Using Table 6.1 on pg. 139, for potassium we find kf=0.75x108cm-1 .

Plugging in:

1 2e ( ) = B hc(K 2 f )

1 2e ( ) = B hcK2 f
Note: The equation 34 was for cgs units, so all values used with this equation must be in this form. c=3x1010 cm/s h=1.05459x10-27 erg s e=4.803x10-10 erg1/2 cm1/2

This results in

1 ( ) = 5.55109 G 1 B

(b) To solve this part of the problem, go back to the equations we used for the cyclotron.

Be c = mc
Solve for r

r =

P = mv = hk

vf v f mc hk f c r = = = = c Be Be Be mc vf

Plugging in values from before and B=10kG r = 4.94x10-4 cm The orbit is circular, so the area is

r = 7.67 10 cm