Program 60-543Cylindrical Wormgearing Introduction

This model covers the design of cylindrical worms and throated gears mounted with axes at a 90 degree angle. The model will give solutions for gear sets whether they comply with the standard or not. If the gear set is outside the standard (or does not comply with suggestions of the standard) this condition will be noted in the message area at the top of the report. It is always best to solve enough of the model so that the message area is not blank to insure that the data has been checked. If you wish to see the possible condition messages, go to the TK Solver model function subsheet for the function "lim". The worm may be produced by several different methods. The standard recommends that the method of production be compatible with the hob used to machine the worm gear. For additional information on the design of these gear sets see ANSI/AGMA Standard 6022.

UTS Integrated Gear Software

Examples
Example 1
Suppose that we wish to design a worm gear set in accordance with the standard that has a center distance of 7.5 inches and a ratio of 6 to 1 with the worm driving at 1800 RPM. We might start by entering 6 for Gear ratio, 7.5 for Center distance, 6 for Number of threads (on worm) and 1 for Axial pitch. When the model is solved the data recommended by the standard appears as output values. Figure 1-1 shows the completed data input form and Report 1-1 shows the solved model. Fig. 1-1

60-543Cylindrical Wormgearing

Report 1-1

Model Title :
Unit System:

Program 60-543
US
DATA WITHIN STANDARD _

Reference: ANSI/AGMA 6022-C93 Design Manual for Cylindrical Wormgearing (Shaft Angle=90 degrees) (Customary Designs) COMMON DATA Center Distance Normal Pressure Angle Gear Ratio Normal Pitch of Worm and Normal Circular Pitch of Gear Normal Diametral Pitch Normal Module Addendum Dedendum Clearance Backlash in Axial Plane (Default) WORM DATA Number of Threads Axial Pitch Axial Diametral Pitch Axial Module

7.5000 in 20.000000 deg 6.0000 0.8801 in 3.569450 1/in ` 7.115942 mm ` 0.3183 in 0.3683 in 0.0500 in 0.0113 in

6 1.0000 in 3.1416 1/in ` 8.0851 mm `

UTS Integrated Gear Software

Model Title :
Unit System:

Program 60-543
US
28.342 deg 28.342 deg 4.1775 in 3.5408 in 3.5408 in 2.8043 in 0.6866 in 0.4302 in 6.00000 in 5.4019 in 5.4019 in 0.0050 in 36 1.0000 in 12.4141 in 12.0958 in 11.4592 in 10.7226 in 2.3606 in 2.3606 in 1800.0 rpm 1895.83 ft/min 0.016 96.1 % 96.0 %

Thread Lead Angle at PD Thread Lead Angle at Mean Dia (=PD) Outside Diameter Pitch Diameter Mean Diameter (=Pitch Diameter) Root Diameter Full Depth Normal Chordal Thread Thickness Lead of Thread Length of Thread Min Required Length of Thread Allowable Worm Deflection GEAR DATA Number of Teeth Circular Pitch Outside Diameter Throat Diameter Pitch Diameter Root Diameter Face Width (Def = Min Face Width) Minimum Face Width EFFICIENCY Worm Speed Worm Sliding Velocity Coefficient of Friction Efficiency with Worm Driving Efficiency with Gear Driving

60-543Cylindrical Wormgearing Let us assume that the worm Thread Lead Angle at Pitch Diameter is smaller than we like and we wish to increase it to approximately 35 degrees. (May or may not be a good idea - for illustration purpose only.) This might be accomplished by adjusting the axial pitch. Toggle to the TK Solver model Variable Sheet, place the mouse pointer on the Status column for Axial pitch and type "G". Enter 35 for the Thread Lead Angle. This is shown in Sheet 1-2 prior to solving. The "G" in the Status column for Axial pitch will cause the iterative solver to be invoked when we solve. This is necessary because some of the equations on the TK Solver Rule Sheet cannot be solved directly in this direction. (If you are not sure if the iterative solver is needed, just try the direct solver first. If the iterative solver is needed the model will not give a solution. Then just type "G" and solve again.) Sheet 1-2

m1 m2 m3 m4

DATA WITHIN STANDARD _

60-543 SINGLE ENVELOPING WORM GEARS (Ver 6.0) Reference: ANSI/AGMA 6022-C93 Design Manual for Cylindrical Wormgearing (Shaft Angle=90 degrees) (Customary Designs) Use Tools,GwzUnits to Change Units * Denotes Data Normally Entered

7.5000 6.0000

C NPA mG pn Pn mN a b c B

COMMON DATA: *Center Distance 20.000 Normal Pressure Angle (Def = 20 deg) *Gear Ratio .8801 in Normal Pitch of Worm and Normal Circular Pitch of Gear 3.5694499 1/in ` Normal Diametral Pitch 7.1159424 mm ` Normal Module .3183 in Addendum .3683 in Dedendum .0500 in Clearance .0113 in *Backlash in Axial Plane (Default) in deg WORM DATA: *Number of Threads in *Axial Pitch 3.1415927 1/in ` Axial Diametral Pitch 8.0850711 mm ` Axial Module deg Thread Lead Angle at PD 28.342 deg Thread Lead Angle at Mean Dia (=PD)

6 G 1 35.000

NW px Px mx LA LAm

UTS Integrated Gear Software Report 1-2, the model after solving, shows that to obtain a 35 degree lead angle the axial pitch would need to be approximately 1.057 inches. Suppose we wish to hold the worm lead to the closest 1/16 inch. A lead of 6.375 is entered in the input column for Lead and the 35 for Thread Lead angle is blanked. (To blank an input move the cursor to the Status column and type B). The solved model is shown in Report 1-3 Report 1-2

Model Title :
Unit System:

Program 60-543
US
DATA WITHIN STANDARD _

Reference: ANSI/AGMA 6022-C93 Design Manual for Cylindrical Wormgearing (Shaft Angle=90 degrees) (Customary Designs) COMMON DATA Center Distance Normal Pressure Angle Gear Ratio Normal Pitch of Worm and Normal Circular Pitch of Gear Normal Diametral Pitch Normal Module Addendum Dedendum Clearance Backlash in Axial Plane (Default)

7.5000 in 20.000000 deg 6.0000 0.8661 in 3.627238 1/in ` 7.002574 mm ` 0.3366 in 0.3894 in 0.0528 in 0.0113 in

60-543Cylindrical Wormgearing

Model Title :
Unit System:
WORM DATA Number of Threads Axial Pitch Axial Diametral Pitch Axial Module

Program 60-543
US

6 1.0573 in 2.9713 1/in ` 8.5486 mm ` 35.000 deg 35.000 deg 3.5570 in 2.8839 in 2.8839 in 2.1051 in 0.7260 in 0.4238 in 6.34396 in 5.7116 in 5.7116 in 0.0051 in

Thread Lead Angle at PD Thread Lead Angle at Mean Dia (=PD) Outside Diameter Pitch Diameter Mean Diameter (=Pitch Diameter) Root Diameter Full Depth Normal Chordal Thread Thickness Lead of Thread Length of Thread Min Required Length of Thread Allowable Worm Deflection GEAR DATA Number of Teeth Circular Pitch Outside Diameter Throat Diameter Pitch Diameter Root Diameter Face Width (Def = Min Face Width)

36 1.0573 in 13.1257 in 12.7892 in 12.1161 in 11.3373 in 1.9226 in

UTS Integrated Gear Software

Model Title :
Unit System:
Minimum Face Width EFFICIENCY Worm Speed Worm Sliding Velocity Coefficient of Friction

Program 60-543
US
1.9226 in

1800.0 rpm 1659.05 ft/min 0.017 96.3 % 96.3 %

Efficiency with Worm Driving Efficiency with Gear Driving Report 1-3

Model Title :
Unit System:

Program 60-543
US
DATA WITHIN STANDARD _

Reference: ANSI/AGMA 6022-C93 Design Manual for Cylindrical Wormgearing (Shaft Angle=90 degrees) (Customary Designs) COMMON DATA Center Distance Normal Pressure Angle Gear Ratio Normal Pitch of Worm and Normal Circular Pitch of Gear Normal Diametral Pitch Normal Module

7.5000 in 20.000000 deg 6.0000 0.8629 in 3.640697 1/in ` 6.976685 mm `

60-543Cylindrical Wormgearing

Model Title :
Unit System:
Addendum Dedendum Clearance

Program 60-543
US
0.3382 in 0.3913 in 0.0531 in 0.0113 in

Backlash in Axial Plane (Default) WORM DATA Number of Threads Axial Pitch Axial Diametral Pitch Axial Module Thread Lead Angle at PD Thread Lead Angle at Mean Dia (=PD) Outside Diameter Pitch Diameter Mean Diameter (=Pitch Diameter) Root Diameter Full Depth Normal Chordal Thread Thickness Lead of Thread Length of Thread Min Required Length of Thread Allowable Worm Deflection GEAR DATA Number of Teeth Circular Pitch Outside Diameter

6 1.0625 in 2.9568 1/in ` 8.5904 mm ` 35.693 deg 35.693 deg 3.5011 in 2.8246 in 2.8246 in 2.0420 in 0.7295 in 0.4223 in 6.37500 in 5.7395 in 5.7395 in 0.0052 in

36 1.0625 in 13.1900 in

UTS Integrated Gear Software

Model Title :
Unit System:
Throat Diameter Pitch Diameter Root Diameter

Program 60-543
US
12.8518 in 12.1754 in 11.3927 in 1.8831 in 1.8831 in

Face Width (Def = Min Face Width) Minimum Face Width EFFICIENCY Worm Speed Worm Sliding Velocity Coefficient of Friction Efficiency with Worm Driving Efficiency with Gear Driving

1800.0 rpm 1638.96 ft/min 0.017 96.3 % 96.3 %

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60-543Cylindrical Wormgearing

Example 2
This example is a worm gear set with a 40 to 1 ratio, a single start worm, a 14.5 degree normal pressure angle and a 4 inch center distance. It is required that the gear not be able to drive the worm from a static position. (Care must be taken with non-backdriving designs because of the uncertainty of the coefficient of friction. In addition, if vibration is present rotation may start even though the static coefficient of friction would prevent it.) As an estimate we will enter a lead angle of 7 degrees to see if the efficiency with the gear driving is zero indicating that the gear will not drive the worm. It is necessary to enter a guess value for the axial pitch to invoke an iterative solution. You can enter data in the data input form as shown in Figure 2-1, then toggle to the TK Solver Variable Sheet and enter the Guess value as shown in Sheet 2-1. Or you can work entirely in the Variable Sheet. The solved model is shown in Report 2-1. Note that the efficiency with the gear driving is indeed zero with a static coefficient of friction of .15.

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UTS Integrated Gear Software

Fig. 2-1

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60-543Cylindrical Wormgearing

Sheet 2-1

1 G 1 7.000

NW px Px mx LA LAm do d

WORM DATA: *Number of Threads in *Axial Pitch 1/in ` Axial Diametral Pitch mm ` Axial Module deg Thread Lead Angle at PD deg Thread Lead Angle at Mean Dia (=PD) in Outside Diameter in Pitch Diameter

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UTS Integrated Gear Software

Report 2-1

Model Title :
Unit System:

Program 60-543
US
DATA WITHIN STANDARD _

Reference: ANSI/AGMA 6022-C93 Design Manual for Cylindrical Wormgearing (Shaft Angle=90 degrees) (Customary Designs) COMMON DATA Center Distance Normal Pressure Angle Gear Ratio Normal Pitch of Worm and Normal Circular Pitch of Gear Normal Diametral Pitch Normal Module Addendum Dedendum Clearance Backlash in Axial Plane (Default) WORM DATA Number of Threads Axial Pitch Axial Diametral Pitch Axial Module

4.0000 in 14.500000 deg 40.0000 0.5181 in 6.063238 1/in ` 4.189181 mm ` 0.1662 in 0.1923 in 0.0261 in 0.0075 in

1 0.5220 in 6.0180 1/in ` 4.2206 mm `

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60-543Cylindrical Wormgearing

Model Title :
Unit System:

Program 60-543
US
7.000 deg 7.000 deg 1.6857 in 1.3533 in 1.3533 in 0.9688 in 0.3584 in 0.2516 in 0.52203 in 2.9725 in 2.9725 in 0.0036 in 40 0.5220 in 7.1452 in 6.9790 in 6.6467 in 6.2622 in 0.9022 in 0.9022 in 0.0 rpm 0.00 ft/min 0.150 43.4 % 0.0 %

Thread Lead Angle at PD Thread Lead Angle at Mean Dia (=PD) Outside Diameter Pitch Diameter Mean Diameter (=Pitch Diameter) Root Diameter Full Depth Normal Chordal Thread Thickness Lead of Thread Length of Thread Min Required Length of Thread Allowable Worm Deflection GEAR DATA Number of Teeth Circular Pitch Outside Diameter Throat Diameter Pitch Diameter Root Diameter Face Width (Def = Min Face Width) Minimum Face Width EFFICIENCY Worm Speed Worm Sliding Velocity Coefficient of Friction Efficiency with Worm Driving Efficiency with Gear Driving

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UTS Integrated Gear Software A large number of good designs are possible for a given set of conditions and stay within the standard. Good engineering practice may indicate the analysis of many designs for economy of production, load capacity, etc. The next step is a check of load capacity. See UTS Programs 60-546 and 60-554 for further analysis.

Reference
Extracted from ANSI/AGMA Standard 6022-C93, American National Standard, Design Manual for Cylindrical Wormgearing with the permission of the publisher, the American Gear Manufacturers Association, 1500 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, VA 22314.

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