Name: ________________ Student number: ________________

BISC 202 (Genetics) Midterm 1

Please fill in your name and student number on each page (just in case a page goes missing). If you require extra space, use the last empty page (but number your answers). Please read all of the questions carefully and do the easy ones first. Make sure your answers are clear and legible. If you use pencil, we cannot consider regrades.

Name______________________________ Multiple choice _______/28 Q8 _______/12 Q9 _______/15 Q10 ______/15 Q11 ______/18 Q12______ /12 Total _______/100

Student number____________________

Multiple choice (circle one correct answer per question) 4 points each x 7= 28 points 1. If the genes assort independently, a selfed monohybrid plant characteristically produces progeny genotypes in the ratio a. 1:1 b. 1:2:1 c. 3:1 d. 9:3:3:1 e. 1:1:1:1 2. From the cross of a AaBbccDdee female to a AabbCcDdEe, what proportion of the progeny will be genotypically identical to the female parent? (Assume independent assortment) a. 1/8 b. 1/16 c. 1/32 d. 1/4 e. 1/64 3. A process that occurs in meiosis, but not in mitosis is: a. cell division b. chromatid formation c. chromosome condensation (shortening) d. pairing of homologues e. chromosome movement to the poles 4. With respect to X-linked genes in Drosophila and humans, males are said to be a. homozygous b. hemizygous c. in cis d. in trans e. heterozygous 5. Why do scientists use chi square analysis? a. To prove their data are true 95% of the time b. To prove that two genes are linked c. To test the chance that their data are false d. To prove that their data are consistent with their hypothesis

Name______________________________

Student number____________________

6. What is Mendels first law? a. Definition of dominance versus recessiveness b. Independent assortment c. Equal segregation of alleles d. X-linked inheritance versus autosomal inheritance 7. How many different types of gametes can an individual with the genotype AaBBccDdEeFf form? a. 4 b. 12 c. 16 d. 64 e. 256 8. (12 points) In Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly), the M/m and R/r allele pairs are found on the same chromosome pair 12 map units apart. The following cross was made: M m females r R x m m r r

tester males

a. What progeny genotypes are expected and in what proportions? (8 points)

b. If the above cross was performed in reciprocal (i.e. dihybrid males crossed to homozygous recessive females), what progeny genotypes would you expect and in what proportions? (2 points)

c. Why would you expect the results for a and b to be different? (2 points)

Name______________________________

Student number____________________

9. (15 points) Using the data shown below, determine the genotypes of the parental plants by analyzing the phenotypes affecting flower colour (blue or white) or pod shape (pointy or rounded) in the progeny from each cross (i-iii). Use C and c to designate the dominant and recessive alleles for colour and S or s to designate the dominant and recessive alleles for shape. Parents: i. blue, pointed x blue, pointed Progeny 3/4 blue, pointed 1/4 white, pointed 6/16 white, pointed 2/16 white, rounded 6/16 blue, pointed 2/16 blue, rounded 1/4 blue, pointed 1/4 blue, rounded 1/4 white, pointed 1/4 white, rounded

ii. blue, pointed x white, pointed

iii. blue, pointed x white, rounded

a. Which phenotypes are caused by dominant alleles? __________________________________ (3 points) b. Fill in the genotypes for the parents in each cross: (12 points) i. _____________________X ___________________

ii. _____________________X ___________________

iii. _____________________X ___________________ 10. (15 points) The following pedigree is of a family with an extremely rare genetic disorder. Assume that no new mutations have arisen in the pedigree. I II III IV 1 2 3 4 5 6

a. What is the mode of inheritance of this trait (i.e. dominant versus recessive/X-linked versus

autosomal)? Justify your answer. (5 points) 4

Name______________________________

Student number____________________

b. Using M for the dominant allele and m for the recessive allele, assign genotypes to all eight individuals in generation III (you can do this on the pedigree diagram) (4 points) c. If the two cousins IV-4 and IV-5 marry, what is the probability that their first child will express the trait. Show your calculation. (6 points)

11. (18 points) Suppose you have three linked genes with alternate alleles in a pea plant: a versus +; b versus + and c versus + (in each case, the wildtype allele is dominant). You test cross a pea plant known to be heterozygous for all three loci and obtain the following results: + a a a + + + a + b + + b b + b + + c + c + c c 379 39 81 2 3 74 36 386 1000

a. a. What is the order of these genes on the chromosome (explain your reasoning for full marks)? (3 points)

b. Construct a linkage map showing the relationship of the genes to each other and the map distances between them, showing all your work. (12 points)

c. Calculate the coefficient of coincidence and interference. (3 points)

Name______________________________

Student number____________________

12. (12 points) The following tetrads were produced by a cross of a Neurospora strain that had white spores (w) and a nutritional requirement for the amino acid arginine (arg) with a strain that had dark spores and no arginine requirement. spore pairs 1-2 3-4 5-6 7-8 number Tetrads 3 w arg + arg + + w + 15

1 w arg w arg + + + + 58

2 w arg w + + arg + + 14

4 w arg + + + arg w + 2

5 w+ w+ + arg + arg 1 total= 100

6 w+ + + w arg + arg 10

a. What is the map distance between the arg locus and the centromere? (show your work) (4 points)

b. What is the map distance between the w and arg loci? (show your work) (4 points)

c. Are the arg and w loci on the same or different arm of the chromosome? (Be clear about how you arrived at your conclusion.) (4 points)

Name______________________________

Student number____________________