Problem Sheet – 1

1. State what types of numbers of the following:

1 3 3
0, 3, -2, , − , π, 3, 1 , 2.71828, 4
2 4 4

2. Place an appropriate inequality sign ‘>’ or ‘<’ between each pair of real numbers
given below:

1 2 3 1 5 6
(i) and (ii) − 4 and − 5 (iii) − and − (iv) − and −
2 3 5 2 9 7

64
3. Simplify: (i) 3
(ii) 6 12 + 2 75 − 3 98 (iii) 3 − 8 × 3 64 (iv) (4 3 x ) 2 y
3
e x −3 1 1 ( 4 x 2 ) 3 (6 x 3 ) 2
(v) x − 4 (vi) (2e1.2 x ) 3 (vii) 27 3 × 8 3 (viii) +
e (2 x 3 ) 2 (3 x 2 ) 3
m
p p q 9(4 x ) 2 3 5.27 3.9 4
(ix) x .x . x n
n
(x) (xi)
q 16 x +1 − 2 x +1.8 x 3(81) 4
x − m .x n −1 .x m +1
2 m +3.3 2m − n .5 m + n +3.6 n +1
(xii)
6 m +1.10 n +3.15 m

x x
4. (a) If 4 x = 8 y , then find . (b) If 27 x = 9 y , then find .
y y

(.3)1 / 3 .(1 / 27)1 / 4 .(9)1 / 6 .(0.81) 2 / 3

5. Find the value of (i) (81) 0.5 (ii) (0.001)1 / 3 (iii)
(0.9) 2 / 3 .(3) −1 / 2 .(1 / 3) − 2 .(243) −1 / 4
2 n + 2 n −1 21 / 2 × 31 / 3 × 41 / 4 3 4 / 3 × 5 −7 / 5
(iv) (v) ÷
2 n +1 − 2 n 10 −1 / 5 × 5 3 / 5 4 −3 / 5 × 6

6. Factorize the following expressions:

(i) y 2 + y − 6 (ii) x 4 y 4 − 4x 2 (iii) m 4 − 81 (iv) 2 x 2 − x − 3 (v) 6 x 3 − 3 x 2 − 3 x

7. Solve the following equations:

7 9
(i) 2 x 2 + 3 x − 1 = 0 (ii) 2 x 2 + 7 x − 15 = 0 (iii) 3 x 2 + 7 x − 13 = 0 (iv) =
x−4 x−2
1 1 1 2 x + 1 x x − 3 5x − 1
(v) = − (vi) + − = (vii) 5 x 2 + 9 x + 4 = 0
x + 2 x +1 x + 3 3 4 2 6
(viii) x 4 − 10 x 2 + 9 = 0 (ix) ( x + 1)( x + 3)( x + 4)( x + 6) = 72 (x) 5 x + 5 2−x = 26
6 x+3 x −3 2x − 3
(xi) x + x = (xii) x 4 − 13x 2 + 36 = 0 (xiii) + =
25 x+2 x−2 x −1

1
8. Solve the following inequalities and hence show it in a number line:
x2 − x
(i) 2 x − 16 > 0 (ii) 5 x + 25 < 20 (iii) 16 − 4 x ≤ 0 (iv) < 2x + 3
2
(v) − 2 x + 25 ≥ 21 (vi) x 2 − 2 x − 3 > 0

a +b b+ c c+a
 xa   xb   xc 
9. Show that (i)   ×  ×  =1
 xb   xc   xa 
     

2 2 2
xm xn xp
(ii) m+ n
2
× n+ p 2
× p+m
2
=1
xn xp xm
1 1 1
 q+r  p −q  r + p  q −r  p + q  r− p
 r− p     
(iii) x  ×  x p−q  ×  x q −r  =1
     
     