Wireless Technology :

Wireless communication is the transfer of information over a distance without the use of enhanced electrical conductors or "wires". The distances involved may be short (a few meters as in television remote control) or long (thousands or millions of kilometers for radio communications)

There are many different forms of electromagnetic radiation (light) which differ in wavelength and frequency, but travel at the same speed. The different types of electromagnetic radiation listed atElectromagnetic Radiation, from Wikipedia the free encyclopedia are arranged according to increasing frequency as follows: radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light, ultraviolet light, x-rays, and gamma rays. All of these forms of light are emitted by the Sun. Two low frequency light waves include radio waves and microwaves .Radio waves are harmless. They are all over the atmosphere. These waves are converted to sound by a radio. Microwaves are a type of light used to cook your food!

Infrared light is associated with heat. Infrared light is all over the Earth. It is emitted any time an object gives off heat. Therefore, it is impractical to use infrared telescopes on the Earth to view space. There would be a lot of interference from the ground. Visible light forms the colors of the rainbow. The colors of the rainbow can be summarized by the acronym, ROY G BIV : where R=Red, O= Orange, Y=Yellow, G=Green, B=Blue, I=Indigo, and V= Violet.The visible light from the stars takes a long time to reach the Earth. So, the stars you see in the night sky may not even exist anymore, because you always see their past image. When you look at anything; you always see it in the past. This is because it takes time for light to travel from one object to another. Ultraviolet light travels from the Sun to the Earth. It even passes through clouds. That's why you can get a tan on a cloudy day! Ultraviolet light has high energy and is harmful. It can cause DNA damage to cells, resulting in skin cancer. The skin protects itself to an extent by generating melanin. Individuals who are lighter skinned are more likely to get skin cancer than those that have darker skin. X-rays are emitted by stars and other devices such as X-ray machines. They do not penetrate the Earth's atmosphere. X-rays have more energy than UV light, and therefore are more harmful. X-rays can pass through any metal except lead. That's why the dentist places a lead vest over you when taking x-rays. This is to prevent x-ray penetration to organs. X-rays can penetrate the skin to reveal abnormalities in the human body. Gamma rays are the most harmful of the light forms. They have the highest frequency and energy. Gamma rays are emitted by the Sun, but do not penetrate the Earth's atmosphere. Gamma rays are emitted in an atomic explosion. Reptiles have some resistance to this form of radiation, because of their scales
Rank based on wavelength, from high to low, they are: Radio wave Microwave Infrared Ray Visible light Ultraviolet Ray X-ray Gamma Ray Notice that Gamma Ray has an extremely small wave length and can be as small as 1E-15 m.

wireless technologies including Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11 - Wi-Fi, WiMax, IEEE 802.15.4, Zigbee etc

Wireless Communication:
Wireless communication uses radio frequencies (RF) or infrared (IR) waves to transmit data between devices on a LAN. For wireless LANs, a key component is the wireless hub, or access point, used for signal distribution. Wireless signals use portions of the RF spectrum to transmit voice, video, and data. Wireless frequencies range from 3 kilohertz (kHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). The datatransmission rates range from 9 kilobits per second (kbps) to as high as 54 Mbps. The primary difference between electromagnetic waves is their frequency. Lowfrequency electromagnetic waves have a long wavelength (the distance from one peak to the next on the sine wave), while high-frequency electromagnetic waves have a short wavelength.

Some common applications of wireless data communication include the following: Accessing the Internet using a cellular phone Establishing a home or business Internet connection over satellite Beaming data between two hand-held computing devices Using a wireless keyboard and mouse for the PC Wireless LAN Another common application of wireless data communication is the wireless LAN (WLAN), which is built in accordance with Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standards. WLANs typically use radio waves (for example, 902 megahertz [MHz]), microwaves (for example, 2.4 GHz), and IR waves (for example, 820 nanometers [nm]) for communication. Wireless technologies are a crucial part of the today's networking.

History of Wireless Communication :

All wireless communications devices use radio waves to transmit and receive signals. These devices operate on different radio frequencies so that signals from one device will not overlap and interfere with nearby transmissions from other devices. The idea of wireless radio communications arose in the mid-1800s from the theories of two English physicists, Michael Faraday 1833

the birth of telegraph

1867 Birth of Radio 1901 Transocean Communication 1914 Voice over radio 1946 Mobile telephony 1979 Mobile cellular Telephony 1990 Wireless LAN based on 802.11 standard

Comparison Between Wired vs Wireless :

Wired 1] Initial Cost Low 2] Difficult Installation 3] Not Robust 4] Not Flexible 5] Reliable(Not affected by other devices)

Wireless 1] Initial cost High 2] Easy Installation 3] Robust 4] Flexible 5] Not reliable affected by The signals of microwave oven ,cardless telephone

6] Performance Better 7] Security more than 8] Mobility limited 9] Planning Required

6] Lower than Wired 7] Less secure 8] Mobility Outstanding 9] Planning Nor Required