CONCEPTUALIZATION The states, with their U.S.

postal abbreviations and capitals, are:

AL Alabama - Montgomery AK Alaska - Juneau AZ Arizona - Phoenix

MT Montana - Helena NE Nebraska - Lincoln NV Nevada - Carson City NH New Hampshire - Concord NJ New Jersey - Trenton NM New Mexico - Santa Fe NY New York - Albany NC North Carolina - Raleigh ND North Dakota - Bismarck OH Ohio - Columbus OK Oklahoma - Oklahoma City OR Oregon - Salem PA Pennsylvania - Harrisbur g

AR Arkansas - Little Rock CA California - Sacrament o

CO Colorado - Denver

CT Connecticut - Hartford DE Delaware - Dover FL Florida - Tallahassee GA Georgia - Atlanta HI Hawaii - Honolulu ID Idaho - Boise

IL Illinois - Springfield

IN Indiana - Indianapolis

IA Iowa - Des Moines KS Kansas - Topeka KY Kentucky - Frankfort LA Louisiana - Baton Rouge ME Maine - Augusta MD Maryland - Annapolis

RI Rhode Island - Providence SC South Carolina - Columbia SD South Dakota - Pierre TN Tennessee - Nashville TX Texas - Austin UT Utah - Salt Lake City VT Vermont - Montpelier VA Virginia - Richmond WA Washington - Olympia WV West Virginia - Charleston WI Wisconsin - Madison WY Wyoming - Cheyenne

MA Massachusetts - Bosto n

MI Michigan - Lansing

MN Minnesota - Saint Paul

MS Mississippi - Jackson MO Missouri - Jefferson City

USA ECONOMY:

One particular concern for the US economy is the rising debt, which as of 2009 was at US $50.7 trillion. This is more than 3.5 times the GDP, and is owed by various businesses and governments. The recession in 2008 hit the economy very hard, and the recovery is still being effected. This was popularly known as the subprime mortgage crisis. Experts are divided on the economic prospects of the country, as was reflected in the credit rating agency Moody's "negative" outlook on the economy of the United States.

USA ORDERS:

SYMBOLOS :

Plants reproduction

Non-flowering plants Some plants don't produce flowers and seeds. Plants such as ferns and mosses are called nonflowering plants and produce spores instead of seeds. There is also another group called the Fungi, that include mushrooms, and these also reproduce by spores. We often think of these individuals as "non photosynthetic plants" when in fact they belong to their very own group or kingdom.

Spores are microscopic specks of living material. Ferns produce their spores on the undersides of the leaves (fronds). You may have seen them. They are the brown "spots" or "pads" on the bottom of the leaves. If you have access to a microscope, use it to look at the spores. You will find them to be a variety of shapes and unique to each kind of fern.

Plants from parts is a form of asexual or vegetative propagation. This process is sometimes called cloning because every new plant is exactly like the parent. One type of cloning uses cuttings--parts of plants that grow into new plants. Both stems and leaves can be used as cuttings. Another kind of cloning is grafting--the joining together of two plants into one. Other kinds of cloning use bulbs or tubers--underground parts that make new plants.

Flowering plants

Pollination is very important. It leads to the creation of new seeds that grow into

new plants.

But how does pollination work? Well, it all begins in the flower. Flowering plants have several different parts that are important in pollination. Flowers have male parts called stamens that produce a sticky powder called pollen. Flowers also have a female part called the pistil.

The top of the pistil is called the stigma, and is often sticky. Seeds are made at the base of the pistil, in the ovule.

To be pollinated, pollen must be moved from a stamen to the stigma. When pollen from a plant's stamen is transferred to that same plant's stigma, it is called self-pollination.

When pollen from a plant's stamen is transferred to a different plant's stigma, it is called cross-pollination. Cross-pollination produces stronger plants. The plants must be of the same species. For example, only pollen from a daisy can pollinate another daisy. Pollen from a rose or an apple tree would not work.

FLOWERS PARTS:

Animal Reproduction Asexual Reproduction

Asexual reproduction involves one parent. As a result, the offspring tend to have the same genotype and phenotype; they lack variation. It is advantageous in a constant environment because a large number of offspring can be produced in a short time. Examples:

Flatworms can divide into 2 halves; each half grows into a separate organism. Cnidarians undergo budding where a new individual grows from and then breaks off of the parent individual. Echinoderms can be cut to form new individuals. Insects- parthenogenesis (unfertilized egg develops)

Sexual Reproduction
Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of two gametes. Sperm and eggs are sometimes produced by the same individual and sometimes produced by different individuals. The sexes of vertebrates are separate but some vertebrates can change sex.

CONCEPTUALIZATION

How to Learn tables So ... train your memory! Tip 1: Order Does Not Matter

When you multiply two numbers, it does not matter which is first or second, the answer is always the same. Example: 35=15, and 53=15 Another Example: 29=18, and 92=18

In fact, it is like half of the table is a mirror image of the other! So, don't memorise both "35" and "53", just memorise that "a 3 and a 5 make 15" when multiplied. This is very important! It nearly cuts the whole job in half.

In your mind you should think of 3 and 5 "together" making 15. so you should be thinking something like this:

In mathematics, especially in elementary arithmetic, division () is an arithmetic operation. Specifically, if b times c equals a, written:

where b is not zero, then a divided by b equals c, written: ab=c For instance, 63=2 since 6=32 In the expression a b = c, a is called the dividend or numerator, b the divisor ordenominator and the result c is called the quotient. Conceptually, division describes two distinct but related settings. Partitioning involves taking a set of size a and forming b groups that are equal in size. The size of each group formed, c, is the quotient of a and b. Quotative division involves taking a set of size a and forming groups of size b. The number of groups of this size that can be formed, c, is the quotient of a and b. Division Division is splitting into equal parts or groups. It is the result of "fair sharing". Example: there are 12 chocolates, and 3 friends want to share them, how do they divide the chocolates?

12 Chocolates

12 Chocolates Divided by 3

Answer: 12 divided by 3 is 4: they get 4 each. Symbols /

We use the symbol, or sometimes the / symbol to mean divide:

12 3 = 4 12 / 3 = 4 I will use both symbols here so you get used to it.

Opposite of Multiplying Division is the opposite of multiplying. If you know a multiplication fact you can find a division fact: Example: 3 5 = 15, so 15 / 5 = 3. Also 15 / 3 = 5. Why? Well it is easy to understand if you think of the numbers in rows and columns like in this illustration: Multiplication... 3 groups of 5 make 15... and also: 5 groups of 3 make 15... so 15 divided by 5 is 3. ...Division so 15 divided by 3 is 5

So there are four related facts:

3 5 = 15 5 3 = 15 15 / 3 = 5 15 / 5 = 3

Knowing your Multiplication Tables can help you with division! Example: What is 56 7 ? Searching around the multiplication table you find that 56 is 7 8, so 56 divided by 7 must be 8. Answer: 56 7 = 8.

Names There are special names for each number in a division: dividend divisor = quotient Example: in 12 3 = 4: 12 is the dividend 3 is the divisor 4 is the quotient

But Sometimes It Does Not Work Perfectly! Sometimes you cannot divide things up evenly ... there may be something left over. Example: There are 7 bones to share with 2 pups. But 7 cannot be divided exactly into 2 groups, so each pup gets 3 bones, but there will be 1 left over:

We call that the Remainder.

EXAMPLE

ROMAN NUMERS :